Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Answer: 1
Climate Change is also known as Global Warming, is the increase in average surface
temperature of earth. Climate change is about abnormal variations to the climate and
effects of those variations on the other parts of the earth. Climate change is a change in
pattern of weather and related changes in sea levels, land surface and ice sheets
occurring over time scales or decades or longer.
Climate Change Policy is the policy which enclosed the policies formulated to tackle
climate change and it can be local, national or international in scope. These policies are
basically classified into two categories- first, designed to minimize the extent of
climate change mitigation and second to minimize those risks and seize upon new
opportunities is climate change adaption.
Patagonia is US based company. It grew out a small company that made tools for
climbers. They are into clothes for climbing as well for skiing snowboarding, surfing, fly
fishing, paddling and trail running. In each sport reward comes from the hand won grace
and the connection between people and nature.
Environmental Impacts: The quality of Patagonia depends on the degree whether they
can reduce the impart on the environment.
Worn Wear better than new is an environmental program conceived to reduce the
footprint of Patagonia products and encourage consumers to change their relationship
with not only with their stuff, but ultimately, all stuff. Worn Wear promotes investing in
quality, repairing things when they break, passing along clothing to others when it’s no
longer being used, recycling worn out goods and celebrating the clothing that travels with
them through life. Through this program, they fix customers’ gear in stores and at garment
repair center, teach them how to fix broken items themselves and provide opportunities
to purchase quality used clothing and gear instead of new.
Materials used: They build durable products that don’t need to be replaced as often.
Because they last longer, their environmental impacts are spread across a longer
timeframe. R&D department is constantly looking to improve and innovate on the
materials to ensure that they are truly making the most durable, long-lasting, best-in-class
products.
They are using raw materials that cause less environmental harm than their
conventional or non-recycled counterparts. They include:
Becoming a responsible company, they define the quality of their company in part by the
degree to which they can reduce their impact on environment. They take a holistic
approach to all aspects of their business which includes, how the usage of resources at
their buildings and facilities is.
Energy used: There are 498 solar panels at Patagonia’s headquarters that reduced
overall electricity demand from the grid by an estimate of 14 percent. All most in all their
stores they are using LED lightings which saves lots of energy.
At Patagonia they believe the environmental crisis reached at critical tipping point, without
commitment to reduce greenhouse gas emission, defend clean water and air, and divest
from dirty technologies, humankind as a whole will destroy our planet’s ability to repair
itself. At Patagonia, the protection and preservation is not what they do after hours, but
it’s the reason they are in business and every day work.
Planetary Boundaries
To understand how best to prioritize the efforts now and in the future, Patagonia is
presently guided toward 2050 by a concept called Planetary Boundaries. Developed by
the Stockholm Resilience Center and based on the research of 28 internationally
renowned scientists, Planetary Boundaries sets out nine precautionary boundaries for
critical areas of change, including climate change, ocean acidification, land-system
change, biosphere integrity and others. They are using this framework to identify what is
most material to our business, where the most influence is, and where the best affect
change. It will guide what should be done as a business to mitigate human-driven
environmental change.
According to Benefit Corporate Report – Fiscal year 2017 (May 1, 2016 - April 2017)
3. 100% for the planet, on black Friday 2016 they pledged 100% of their sales from
Patagonia stores and Patagonia.com to environmental organisations working to
create positive change for the planet ($10 million).
4. $ 89 million donated for environmental work since they started their tithing program
in 1985.
6. 500 employees who are actively involved in grant making advocacy and deciding
which environmental organisations to support.
8. $2.5 million grants made to support the fight to protect and preserve public land in
FY17.
(Source:www.patagonia.com)
Answer: 2
CSR has many advantages that can apply to any business regarding of its size or sector.
1. CSR can help a business to build reputation as a responsible business which can
result into competitive advantage. Positive CSR improves a company’s image and
relationship with customers.
4. Greater ability to attract and talent and retain investors. Investors are more likely
to be attracted and continue to support companies those not only show their
concern to their employees and customers but also towards society.
10. Engagement in CSR helps into identifying new opportunities like development of
new products and services.
By implementing CSR not even business will benefited but social conditions can also be
improved. CSR is the responsibility of an organisation for the impacts of its decisions and
activities a society and environment.
3. New technologies and better infrastructure for the society will be there.
Today almost all companies are incorporating CSR activities in their businesses and
strategizing to benefit the company. It increases its sales and create a brand more
appealing and friendly to the customers by contributing to the society. CSR is about how
companies manage the business process to produce an overall positive impact on
society by taking responsibility for the impact of the activities on customers,
suppliers, employees, community and other stakeholders as well as the
environment.
Answer: 3
Child Labour means when children are forcefully indulged in working manually, they may
or may not be paid for it.
In India children have been helping parents in their farms and other primitive activities. In
villages the concept of bonded labour is very common. Bonded labour means the children
are forced to work as their parents have taken loan and in lieu of payment of debt children
are bounded to work and in urban areas the children who spend most of their childhood
in streets are associated with bonded labour. India is the home for largest number of child
labourers.
1. Within family – Children are working at their homes (domestic household tasks)
without pay.
2. Within the family but outside the house -agricultural labourers, domestic maids
and migrated labourers etc.
(a) Five compelling reasons for the existence of Child Labour in India
India is a overpopulated country. Here illiteracy, poverty, debt traps are the common
causes for Child labour in India. As compare to other countries the population below
poverty line is in huge number.
1. Poverty and Illiteracy: Child labour stems from the vicious circle of poverty. Poor
people cannot afford to send their children to school and send them to work to earn
money. Poor people don’t get proper education and feels ‘More children more
hands to work.’ They prefer their children to work rather than studies.
3. Inadequate laws: Even though there is law that children under the age of 14 years
may not work, law is often ignored. It is the basic right od every child to receive
basic education, get good health services and right to paly. But in the absence of
proper compliance of laws, child labour is continuing.
4. Addiction, diseases and disability: In many poor families, the men in the family
is addicted to alcohol or not well due to some disease or disability to work and
those families are totally dependent on their children’s wages. Population is also
increasing and it is leading to unemployment for elders. Children due to low wages
easily gets the work and their parents instead of sending them to school are more
willing to send them to work.
5. Urbanisation: Industrialization has its own negative side. Many MNC’s and export
industries employ child workers. The children in rural area find the urban area very
fascinating and they are ready to do any type of work to survive in these cities.
(b) Strategies/ Actions plan can be adopted by business to make child labour
unattractive and non-viable
3. Check the age of the employees: almost all countries have set a minimum
working age 14 to 16 years of age in accordance with International Standards.
According to the international Labour Organisation, minimum age of employee
should not be less than 15 years and incase of developing countries it should not
be less than 14 tears. Employer should use the reliable technique to check the
employee’s age.
b) Medical examination
Obtain the list of hazardous work, consult the National Employers Organisation
and labour inspectors to know which law applies to the company.