ADSL STANDARDS

Family Up stream Rate Down stream Max.range

ADSL 640 kbps 8 Mbps 5.5 Km

ADSL Lite 384 kbps 2 Mbps 6Km

ADSL2 1-1.5 Mbps 12-16 Mbps 5.7 Km

ADSL2 + 1 Mbps 26 Mbps 5.7 Km

ADSL2RE 1Mbps 12 Mbps 7Km

L3PE (MCR / PE Router of NIB-2 Project 1 )

BNG – Broadband Network Gateway (Connects
Multiplay Network to NIB2 Backbone Project 1,
through L3PE)

IP-DSLAM connected on GE interface as

compared to FE interface

BNG behaves as customer edge router

whereas BRAS was a PE Router

BRAS were present at 23 “A” locations only

whereas BNG is present upto “B” type cities.
IPTV or TVoIP delivers television
programming to households via broadband
connection using Internet protocols.
It requires a subscription and IPTV set-top box (STB).

The video
conferencing service can be availed by any user through IP or ISDN interface. The
service is available to existing BSNL subscribers only. Personal computer user can
download the software called "PVX" from BSNL's Video Conferencing Portal to
avail the Video Conferencing facility with their web-cam.

Abbreviated Dialing
For registration Dial
110+short code (say15) +destination number (with STD code).
For use Dial 111+shortcode i.e. 11115

Call Waiting
For activation of the service dial: 118 (wait for the tone)
For deactivation of the service dial: 119 (wait for the tone)

Call Transfer (Call Forward)

For activation Dial 114 and the number for which the call is to be transferred.
For deactivation dial 115 and wait for acceptance tone

Automatic Wake-Up/Reminder Call Service

Dial 116 followed by the time you wish to be reminded or
woken-up say at 06.15am (06.15hrs), you will dial 1160615.
Dial 117 (the cancellation code) followed by the time you booked the call.
There are two types of "accesses" (connections) for ISDN.

Basic Rate Access (BRA): 2B+D

2 Channels of 64 Kbps for Speech and Data & 1 Channel of 16 Kbps for
Signaling
Primary Rate Access (PRA): 30 B+D
30 Channels of 64 Kbps for speech and data & 1 Channel of 64 Kbps for
Signaling.

coarse WDM (CWDM) typically uses 20-nm spacing (3000 GHz) of up to

18 channels.

The CWDM grid is made up of 18 wavelengths defined

within the range 1270 nm to 1610 nm spaced by 20 nm.

Early WDM began in the late 1980s using the two widely spaced wavelengths in
the 1310 nm and 1550 nm (or 850 nm and 1310 nm) regions, sometimes called wideband WDM.
The early 1990s saw a second generation of WDM, sometimes called
narrowband WDM, in which two to eight channels were used.
These channels were now spaced at an interval of about 400 GHz in the 1550-nm window. By
the mid-1990s, dense WDM (DWDM) systems were emerging with
16 to 40 channels and spacing from 100 to 200 GHz.

A key advantage to DWDM is that it's protocol and bit rate-independent

. DWDMbased networks can transmit data in SDH, IP, ATM and Ethernet etc. Therefore,
DWDMbased networks can carry different types of traffic at different speeds over an optical
channel.

EDFA (Eribium Doped Fiber Amplifier) is the most popular amplifier.

C band 1525 to 1565 nm

L band 1565 to 1625 nm

Project "Sanchay" is the cost rationalization initiative of Project "Shikhar".

The aim of Project Sanchay is to reduce costs associated with deployment of DGR
approved security guards. This will be done in two ways:

The pilot of Project Sanchay has been taken up in 3 SSAs of Punjab Telecom Circle
namely Hoshiarpur, Pathankot and Patiala.

While in the first phase stress is on optimizing security manpower,

second phase will focus on reduction of power and fuelexpenditure
and third phase will deal with inventory management.

BSNL has already embarked upon the Project‘DOSTI’ venture.

The objective is to increase the PCO base

The overall objective of Project Udaan is to rapidly expand broadband customer base
while reducing churn of wire line voice customers and increase usage from existing
customers.
A pilot Project was started in three areas of Bangalore Telecom District

with a view to create new sales force, make customer service processes more friendly
and optimize service delivery/fast provisioning.
In the pilot Project four teams, lead by DGMs, have been constituted to focus on
product & pricing, sales & alliances,customer services and service delivery.

BSNL is the market leader in Fixed Access with over 75% market share and
Fixed Access contributes to 46% of the operational costs.

The overall objective of Project Dosti is to reduce decline in BSNL’s PCO business
by reducing churn of existing PCO operators and innovating of PCO business model
to generate new revenue sources (both for BSNL and PCO owner).

The pilot Project was executed in Bangalore Telecom District.

BNG behaves as customer edge router whereas BRAS

was a PE Router

All-Nodes addresses
• FF01::1 (Node Local),
FF02::1 (Link Local)

– All-Routers addresse
• FF01::2 (Node Local),
FF02::2 (Link Local),

FF05::2 (Site Local)

MPLS technology is intended to be used anywhere regardless of Layer 1 media and

Layer 2 protocol.

MPLS uses a 32-bit label field that is inserted between Layer 2 and Layer 3 headers

MPLS uses a 32-bit label field that contains the

following information:
20-bit label

3-bit experimental field

1-bit bottom-of-stack indicator

8-bit TTL field

Circuit switched charging per minute.

Packet switching charging per packet.

In circuit switched n/w Congestion occur at setup time

In packet switched network congestion occur on every packet

In Circuit switched callsetup required

In packet switched call setup is not needed.