The unit of flux density is taken as the density of a magnetic field such that a

conductor carrying 1 ampere at right angles to that field has a force of 1 newton per
metre acting upon it. This unit is termed a tesla* (T).

Magnetic flux density Symbol: B Unit: tesla (T)

Force on conductor = BlI newtons

F = BlI

For a magnetic field having a cross-sectional area of A square metres and a uniform
flux density of B teslas, the total flux in webers* (Wb) is represented by the Greek
capital letter Φ (phi).

Magnetic flux Symbol: Φ Unit: weber (Wb)

It follows that,

Φ [webers] = B [teslas] × A [metres2]

Φ= BA

Flux density = B = Φ\A

1 T = 1 Wb/m2

Fleming’s right-hand rule

If the first finger of the right hand is pointed in the direction of the magnetic flux, and
if the thumb is pointed in the direction of motion of the conductor relative to the
magnetic field, then the second finger, held at right angles to both the thumb and the
first finger, represents the direction of the e.m.f.

Permeability :

the ratio of the flux density produced in a material to the flux density produced in a
vacuum (or in a non-magnetic core) by the same magnetic field strength is termed the
relative permeability and is denoted by the symbol μ.

μ = μ0μr

∴ B = μH