OBJECTIVE

 To obtain graving curve of fine aggregate.

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MATERIAL AND EQUIPMENT

1. Balance

2. Standard sieve

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3. Sieve shaker

4. 3kg sample of fine aggregate

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PROCEDURE OF FINE AGGREGATE

1. 3 kg of fine aggregate sample were prepared.

2. By using the quartering process, 500g of fine aggregate sample were obtained.

3. The standard sieve were rearranged according the sieve plate size and were weighted
beforehand.

4. The aggregate sample were then poured into the sieve slowly and closed the lid.
5. Place the sieve onto the mechanical shaker carefully.

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6. The sample were sieved for about 5 minutes.

7. Remove the sieve from the shaker and weighted the aggregate for each sieve plate size
and the data were recorded.

8. A graph were plotted from the test result.

9. Fine Modulus of fine aggregate were determined by dividing the total cumulative
percentage for retain aggregate.
10. The suitability of the tested coarse aggregate as a concrete material were determined by
refering to the standard.

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DATA ANALYSIS

Dry weight of used material: 500g

Sieve size according Mass of Percentage Cumulative Cumulative

British Standard retained (g) Retained (%) Percentage Percentage
Retained (%) Passing (%)
10.0mm 0 0 0 100
5.0mm 13 2.66 2.66 97.34
2.36mm 70 14.31 16.97 83.03
1.18mm 318 65.03 82.00 18.00
600µm 57 11.66 93.66 6.34
300µm 15 3.07 96.73 3.27
150µm 13 2.66 99.39 0.61
75µm 2 0.41 99.80 0.20
PAN 1 0.20 100 0
Total 489

Calculation:

Percentage Retained

Mass retained (g)

Percentage Retained = Total of mass retained (g) × 100%

i. 5.0mm
Percentage retained
13
= 489 × 100%

=2.66%

ii. 2.36mm
Percentage retained
70
= 489 × 100% =14.31%

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iii. 1.18mm
Percentage retained
318
= 489 × 100%

=65.03%

iv. 600µm
Percentage retained
57
= 489 × 100%

=11.66%

v. 300µm
Percentage retained
15
= 489 × 100%

=3.07%

vi. 150µm
Percentage retained
13
= 489 × 100%

=2.66%

vii. 75µm
Percentage retained
2
= 489 × 100%

=0.41%

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viii. PAN
Percentage retained
1
= 489 × 100%

=0.20%

Cumulative Percentage Retained

Cumulative Percentage Retained = Percentage retained before + Percentage retained after

i. 5.0mm
Cumulative Percentage Retained
= 0 + 2.66
= 2.66%

ii. 2.36mm
Cumulative Percentage Retained
= 2.66 + 14.31
= 16.97%

iii. 1.18mm
Cumulative Percentage Retained
= 16.97 + 65.03
= 82.00%

iv. 600µm
Cumulative Percentage Retained
= 82.00 + 11.66
= 93.66%

v. 300µm
Cumulative Percentage Retained
= 93.66 + 3.07

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 = 96.73%

vi. 150µm
Cumulative Percentage Retained
= 96.73 + 2.66
= 99.39%

vii. 75µm
Cumulative Percentage Retained
= 99.39 + 0.41
= 99.80%

viii. PAN
Cumulative Percentage Retained
= 99.80 + 0.20
= 100%

Cumulative of Percentage Passing

Cumulative of Percentage Passing = Percentage retained before − Percentage retained after

i. 5.0mm
Cumulative of Percentage Passing
= 100 − 2.66
= 97.34%

ii. 2.36mm
Cumulative of Percentage Passing
= 97.34 − 14.31
= 83.03%

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 iii. 1.18mm
Cumulative of Percentage Passing
= 83.03 − 65.03
= 18.00%

iv. 600µm
Cumulative of Percentage Passing
= 18.00 − 11.66
= 6.34%

v. 300µm
Cumulative of Percentage Passing
= 6.34 − 3.07
= 3.27%

vi. 150µm
Cumulative of Percentage Passing
= 3.27 − 2.66
= 0.61%

vii. 75µm
Cumulative of Percentage Passing
= 0.61 − 0.41
= 0.20%

viii. PAN
Cumulative of Percentage Passing
= 0.20 − 0.20
= 0%

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Sieve error
489
𝑥 100% = 97.8
500
100%-97.8%=2.2%
Less than 5% therefore acceptable.

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DISCUSSION

1. Fine modulus of fine aggregate by dividing the total cumulative percentage for retain
aggregate.

𝑐𝑢𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 % 𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑑 𝑜𝑛 𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑎𝑟𝑑 𝑠𝑖𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑓 150𝜇𝑚 𝑜𝑟 𝑎𝑏𝑜𝑣𝑒

𝐹𝑀 = ∑
100

𝑐𝑢𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 % 𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑑 𝑜𝑛 𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑎𝑟𝑑 𝑠𝑖𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑓 150𝜇𝑚 𝑜𝑟 𝑎𝑏𝑜𝑣𝑒 = 389.02

389.02
𝐹𝑀 = ∑ = 3.8902
100

2.

Sieve size Cumulative % passing

minimum Tested maximum

9.5mm 100 100 100

4.75mm 95 97.34 100

2.36mm 80 83.03 100

1.18mm 50 18.00 85

600µm 25 6.34 60

300µm 10 3.27 30

150µm 2 0.61 10

The curve lies outside these two lines of minimum and maximum range. Therefore , the sample
is not according to specification.
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CONCLUSION

Sieve analysis helps to determine the particle size distribution of the coarse and fine aggregates.
This is done by sieving the aggregates as per IS: 2386 (Part I) – 1963. In this we use different
sieves as standardized by the IS code and then pass aggregates through them and thus collect
different sized particles left over different sieves.

The result of experiment were successful obtained and close to what we expected. The
objective of the experiment is achieved which is obtained graving curve of fine aggregate. From
the experiment, sieve error is 2.2% which less than 5% therefore it is acceptable. Fine modulus
of fine aggregate by dividing the total cumulative percentage for retain aggregate is 3.8902. A
possible common error throughout the experiment is loss of some aggregate in when pouring or
removing on to the balance.

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