manual welding: a welding operation performed and

controlled completely by hand.

may: a term that indicates a provision is neither
required nor prohibited.
mechanical joint: a joint for the purpose of mechanical
strength or leak resistance, or both, in which the mechanical strength is developed by threaded, grooved,
rolled,
flared, or flanged pipe ends; or by bolts, pins, toggles,
or rings; and the leak resistance is developed by
threads and compounds, gaskets, rolled ends, caulking,
or machined and mated surfaces.
miter or miter bend: forthepurposesofthisCode,twoor
more straight sections of pipe matched and joined in a
plane bisecting the angle of junction so as to produce a
change in direction greater than 3 deg.
nominal:anumericalidentificationofdimension,capacity, rating, or other characteristic used as a
designation,
not as an exact measurement.
Normal Fluid Service: see fluid service.
normalizing: see heat treatment.
notch-sensitive:describesametalsubjecttoreductionin
strength in the presence of stress concentration. The
degree of notch sensitivity is usually expressed as the
strength determined in a notched specimen divided by
the strength determined in an unnotched specimen,
and can be obtained from either static or dynamic tests.
NPS: nominal pipe size (followed, when appropriate, by
the specific size designation number without an inch
symbol).
orbital welding: automatic or machine welding in which
the electrode rotates (orbits) around the circumference of
a stationary pipe or tube.
owner: the person, partnership, organization, or business ultimately responsible for design, construction,
operation, and maintenance of a facility.
oxygen-arc cutting (OAC): an oxygen-cutting process
that uses an arc between the workpiece and a consumable
electrode, through which oxygen is directed to the workpiece. For oxidation-resistant metals, a chemical
flux or
metal powder is used to facilitate the reaction.
oxygen cutting (OC): a group of thermal cutting
processes that severs or removes metal by means of
the chemical reaction between oxygen and the base
metal at elevated temperature. The necessary temperature is maintained by the heat from an arc, an
oxyfuel
gas flame, or other source.
oxygen gouging: thermal gouging that uses an oxygen
cutting process variation to form a bevel or groove.
packaged equipment: an assembly of individual pieces
or stages of equipment, complete with interconnecting
piping and connections for external piping. The assembly
may be mounted on a skid or other structure prior to
delivery.
petroleum refinery: an industrial plant for processing or
handling of petroleum and products derived directly from
petroleum. Such a plant may be an individual gasoline