DESIGN OF STEEL COMPONENTS COLUMNS

(ANSI/AISC 360-10) The design compressive strength φcPn is determined with

LRFD, E = 29,000 ksi φc = 0.90 for flexural buckling of members without slender
elements and is determined as follows:
BEAMS Pn = Fcr Ag
For doubly symmetric compact I-shaped members bent
about their major axis, the design flexural strength φbMn is where the critical stress Fcr is determined as follows:
determined with φb = 0.90 as follows: KL E :0.658 Fe DFy
Fy
(a) When r # 4.71 Fy , Fcr =
Yielding
Mn = Mp = FyZx
KL E
where
(b) When r > 4.71 Fy , Fcr = 0.877 Fe
Fy = specified minimum yield stress
Zx = plastic section modulus about the x-axis where
Lateral-Torsional Buckling KL/r is the effective slenderness ratio based on the column
Based on bracing where Lb is the length between points effective length (KL) and radius of gyration (r)
that are either braced against lateral displacement of the KL is determined from AISC Table C-A-7.1 or AISC Figures
compression flange or braced against twist of the cross section C-A-7.1 and C-A-7.2 on p. 158.
with respect to the length limits Lp and Lr:
Fe is the elastic buckling stress = π2E/(KL/r)2
When Lb ≤ Lp, the limit state of lateral-torsional buckling does
not apply.
VALUES OF Cb FOR SIMPLY SUPPORTED BEAMS
When Lp < Lb ≤ Lr
LATERAL BRACING
Lb - Lp Cb
Mn = Cb >Mp - _ Mp - 0.7 FySx ie oH
LOAD ALONG SPAN
Lr - Lp # Mp
P NONE
where LOAD AT MIDPOINT 1.32

12.5M
Cb = 2.5M + 3M +max4M + 3M AT LOAD POINT 1.67 1.67
max A B C
P P NONE
Mmax = absolute value of maximum moment in the unbraced LOADS AT THIRD POINTS 1.14

segment
MA = absolute value of maximum moment at quarter point of AT LOAD POINTS
LOADS SYMMETRICALLY PLACED 1.67 1.00 1.67
the unbraced segment
MB = absolute value of maximum moment at centerline of P P P NONE
LOADS AT QUARTER POINTS 1.14
the unbraced segment
MC = absolute value of maximum moment at three-quarter of AT LOAD POINTS
LOADS AT QUARTER POINTS 1.67 1.11 1.11 1.67
the unbraced segment
Shear NONE 1.14

The design shear strength φvVn is determined with

φv = 1.00 for webs of rolled I-shaped members and is AT MIDPOINT 1.30 1.30

determined as follows: w
Vn = 0.6 Fy (d tw) AT THIRD POINTS 1.45 1.01 1.45

AT QUARTER
1.52 1.06 1.06 1.52
POINTS

AT FIFTH POINTS 1.56 1.12 1.00 1.12 1.56

NOTE: LATERAL BRACING MUST ALWAYS BE PROVIDED AT POINTS OF SUPPORT PER AISC SPECIFICATION CHAPTER F.

Adapted from Steel Construction Manual, 14th ed., AISC, 2011.

153 CIVIL ENGINEERING

TENSION MEMBERS Limit States and Available Strengths
Flat bars or angles, bolted or welded Yielding: φy = 0.90
Definitions φTn = φy Fy Ag
Bolt diameter: db Fracture: φf = 0.75
Nominal hole diameter: dh = db + 1/16" φTn = φf Fu Ae
Gross width of member: bg Block shear: φ = 0.75
Member thickness: t Ubs = 1.0 (flat bars and angles)
Connection eccentricity: x Agv = gross area for shear
Anv = net area for shear
Gross area: Ag = bg t (use tabulated areas for angles) Ant = net area for tension
Net area (parallel holes): An = 9bg - R a dh + 1 "kCt
(
16 0.75 Fu [0.6Anv + Ubs Ant]
Net area (staggered holes): φTn = 0.75 [0.6FyAgv + UbsFuAnt]
smaller
An = <bg - R a dh + 1 "k + R s F t
2

16 4g
s = longitudinal spacing of consecutive holes
g = transverse spacing between lines of holes

Effective area (bolted members):

' Angles: U =1 - x /L
Ae = UAn Flat bars: U 1.0
=
Effective area (welded members):
Flat bars or angles with transverse
welds: U = 1.0
Flat bars of width "w", longitudinal
Ae = UAn welds of length "L" only:
U = 1.0 (L ≥ 2w)
U = 0.87 (2w > L ≥ 1.5w)
U = 0.75 (1.5w > L > w)
Angles with longitudinal welds
only
U = 1 - x/L

154 CIVIL ENGINEERING

 tf Y
Table 1-1: W Shapes Dimensions
and Properties
d X X
tw

bf

Area Depth Web Flange Axis X-X Axis Y-Y

Shape A d tw bf tf I S r Z I r
2 4 3 3 4
In. In. In. In. In. In. In. In. In. In. In.
W24X68 20.1 23.7 0.415 8.97 0.585 1830 154 9.55 177 70.4 1.87
W24X62 18.2 23.7 0.430 7.04 0.590 1550 131 9.23 153 34.5 1.38
W24X55 16.3 23.6 0.395 7.01 0.505 1350 114 9.11 134 29.1 1.34

W21X73 21.5 21.2 0.455 8.30 0.740 1600 151 8.64 172 70.6 1.81
W21X68 20.0 21.1 0.430 8.27 0.685 1480 140 8.60 160 64.7 1.80
W21X62 18.3 21.0 0.400 8.24 0.615 1330 127 8.54 144 57.5 1.77
W21X55 16.2 20.8 0.375 8.22 0.522 1140 110 8.40 126 48.4 1.73
W21X57 16.7 21.1 0.405 6.56 0.650 1170 111 8.36 129 30.6 1.35
W21X50 14.7 20.8 0.380 6.53 0.535 984 94.5 8.18 110 24.9 1.30
W21X48 14.1 20.6 0.350 8.14 0.430 959 93.0 8.24 107 38.7 1.66
W21X44 13.0 20.7 0.350 6.50 0.450 843 81.6 8.06 95.4 20.7 1.26

W18X71 20.8 18.5 0.495 7.64 0.810 1170 127 7.50 146 60.3 1.70
W18X65 19.1 18.4 0.450 7.59 0.750 1070 117 7.49 133 54.8 1.69
W18X60 17.6 18.2 0.415 7.56 0.695 984 108 7.47 123 50.1 1.68
W18X55 16.2 18.1 0.390 7.53 0.630 890 98.3 7.41 112 44.9 1.67
W18X50 14.7 18.0 0.355 7.50 0.570 800 88.9 7.38 101 40.1 1.65
W18X46 13.5 18.1 0.360 6.06 0.605 712 78.8 7.25 90.7 22.5 1.29
W18X40 11.8 17.9 0.315 6.02 0.525 612 68.4 7.21 78.4 19.1 1.27

W16X67 19.7 16.3 0.395 10.2 0.67 954 117 6.96 130 119 2.46
W16X57 16.8 16.4 0.430 7.12 0.715 758 92.2 6.72 105 43.1 1.60
W16X50 14.7 16.3 0.380 7.07 0.630 659 81.0 6.68 92.0 37.2 1.59
W16X45 13.3 16.1 0.345 7.04 0.565 586 72.7 6.65 82.3 32.8 1.57
W16X40 11.8 16.0 0.305 7.00 0.505 518 64.7 6.63 73.0 28.9 1.57
W16X36 10.6 15.9 0.295 6.99 0.430 448 56.5 6.51 64.0 24.5 1.52

W14X74 21.8 14.2 0.450 10.1 0.785 795 112 6.04 126 134 2.48
W14X68 20.0 14.0 0.415 10.0 0.720 722 103 6.01 115 121 2.46
W14X61 17.9 13.9 0.375 9.99 0.645 640 92.1 5.98 102 107 2.45
W14X53 15.6 13.9 0.370 8.06 0.660 541 77.8 5.89 87.1 57.7 1.92
W14X48 14.1 13.8 0.340 8.03 0.595 484 70.2 5.85 78.4 51.4 1.91

W12X79 23.2 12.4 0.470 12.1 0.735 662 107 5.34 119 216 3.05
W12X72 21.1 12.3 0.430 12.0 0.670 597 97.4 5.31 108 195 3.04
W12X65 19.1 12.1 0.390 12.0 0.605 533 87.9 5.28 96.8 174 3.02
W12X58 17.0 12.2 0.360 10.0 0.640 475 78.0 5.28 86.4 107 2.51
W12X53 15.6 12.1 0.345 9.99 0.575 425 70.6 5.23 77.9 95.8 2.48
W12X50 14.6 12.2 0.370 8.08 0.640 391 64.2 5.18 71.9 56.3 1.96
W12X45 13.1 12.1 0.335 8.05 0.575 348 57.7 5.15 64.2 50.0 1.95
W12X40 11.7 11.9 0.295 8.01 0.515 307 51.5 5.13 57.0 44.1 1.94

W10x60 17.6 10.2 0.420 10.1 0.680 341 66.7 4.39 74.6 116 2.57
W10x54 15.8 10.1 0.370 10.0 0.615 303 60.0 4.37 66.6 103 2.56
W10x49 14.4 10.0 0.340 10.0 0.560 272 54.6 4.35 60.4 93.4 2.54
W10x45 13.3 10.1 0.350 8.02 0.620 248 49.1 4.32 54.9 53.4 2.01
W10x39 11.5 9.92 0.315 7.99 0.530 209 42.1 4.27 46.8 45.0 1.98
Adapted from Steel Construction Manual, 14th ed., AISC, 2011.

155 CIVIL ENGINEERING

 AISC Table 3-2 Fy = 50 ksi
Zx W Shapes – Selection by Zx
φb = 0.90
φv = 1.00
Shape
Zx φbMpx φbMrx φbBF Lp Lr Ix φvVnx
in.3 kip-ft kip-ft kips ft. ft. in.4 kips
W24 x 55 134 503 299 22.2 4.73 13.9 1350 251
W18 x 65 133 499 307 14.9 5.97 18.8 1070 248
W12 x 87 132 495 310 5.76 10.8 43.0 740 194
W16 x 67 130 488 307 10.4 8.69 26.1 954 194
W10 x 100 130 488 294 4.01 9.36 57.7 623 226
W21 x 57 129 484 291 20.1 4.77 14.3 1170 256

W21 x 55 126 473 289 16.3 6.11 17.4 1140 234

W14 x 74 126 473 294 8.03 8.76 31.0 795 191
W18 x 60 123 461 284 14.5 5.93 18.2 984 227
W12 x 79 119 446 281 5.67 10.8 39.9 662 175
W14 x 68 115 431 270 7.81 8.69 29.3 722 175
W10 x 88 113 424 259 3.95 9.29 51.1 534 197

W18 x 55 112 420 258 13.9 5.90 17.5 890 212

W21 x 50 110 413 248 18.3 4.59 13.6 984 237

W12 x 72 108 405 256 5.59 10.7 37.4 597 158

W21 x 48 107 398 244 14.7 6.09 16.6 959 217

W16 x 57 105 394 242 12.0 5.56 18.3 758 212
W14 x 61 102 383 242 7.46 8.65 27.5 640 156
W18 x 50 101 379 233 13.1 5.83 17.0 800 192
W10 x 77 97.6 366 225 3.90 9.18 45.2 455 169
W12 x 65 96.8 356 231 5.41 11.9 35.1 533 142

W21 x 44 95.4 358 214 16.8 4.45 13.0 843 217

W16 x 50 92.0 345 213 11.4 5.62 17.2 659 185
W18 x 46 90.7 340 207 14.6 4.56 13.7 712 195
W14 x 53 87.1 327 204 7.93 6.78 22.2 541 155
W12 x 58 86.4 324 205 5.66 8.87 29.9 475 132
W10 x 68 85.3 320 199 3.86 9.15 40.6 394 147
W16 x 45 82.3 309 191 10.8 5.55 16.5 586 167

W18 x 40 78.4 294 180 13.3 4.49 13.1 612 169

W14 x 48 78.4 294 184 7.66 6.75 21.1 484 141
W12 x 53 77.9 292 185 5.48 8.76 28.2 425 125
W10 x 60 74.6 280 175 3.80 9.08 36.6 341 129

W16 x 40 73.0 274 170 10.1 5.55 15.9 518 146

W12 x 50 71.9 270 169 5.97 6.92 23.9 391 135
W8 x 67 70.1 263 159 2.60 7.49 47.7 272 154
W14 x 43 69.6 261 164 7.24 6.68 20.0 428 125
W10 x 54 66.6 250 158 3.74 9.04 33.7 303 112

W18 x 35 66.5 249 151 12.3 4.31 12.4 510 159

W12 x 45 64.2 241 151 5.75 6.89 22.4 348 121
W16 x 36 64.0 240 148 9.31 5.37 15.2 448 140
W14 x 38 61.5 231 143 8.10 5.47 16.2 385 131
W10 x 49 60.4 227 143 3.67 8.97 31.6 272 102
W8 x 58 59.8 224 137 2.56 7.42 41.7 228 134
W12 x 40 57.0 214 135 5.50 6.85 21.1 307 106
W10 x 45 54.9 206 129 3.89 7.10 26.9 248 106

Mpx − Mrx
Mrx = (0.7Fy)Sx BF = Lr − Lp

Adapted from Steel Construction Manual, 14th ed., AISC, 2011.

156 CIVIL ENGINEERING

 Cb = 1 Fy = 50 ksi TABLE 3-10 (CONTINUED)
φ Mn φ = 0.90 W SHAPES
kip-ft
AVAILABLE MOMENT VS. UNBRACED LENGTH
LRFD
450 W12X79

W21

W
W

W24

14
W21
10

W1
W24
W21
X1

X68
W2

X8
00

X68
6
W1

2
W

X73
X6
1X5

X6
X57
12

7
8X6
435 X8

2
5
W14X68 7

W2
1X6
W10X88

W1
W1
2

6X
420

8X7

77
W1

W24X7
1
8X
55

W21X
6
W12X72
405

83
W24

14
X7
Available Moment φ Mn (foot-kips)

W
X55

4
12
X7
W2

W21

9
1X4

390
X57
8

W
W

10

W1
14

X8

W21
8
X6

W2

8X7
375
W1

X68

W
W1

1X5

1
6X

14
8X

X7
5
57

W
W24
60

4
14
W1

W24X
X6
W
X62

12
8
8X6

360

W1
X7
W12X65 2

68

6X
5

W21

W21X
67
X62
W1

73
W1
8X

W24

345 0X
55

77
W1

X55
W21

8X
X50

50

W1

W1
W

330
W2

14

0X
6X

77
X6
1X4

57

1
W1

W
8

W10X68 12
8X6

X6
W21

W1

5
W21

5
W1

W21X

315
W2

8X6
X57

8X
W1

X50 14X

W2
1X4

55

6
8X

8
1X5
W

W1

W24X
46

4
W1

W 0
8X

5
12
53
6X

X5

300
5

62
50

6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22
UNBRACED LENGTH (0.5-ft INCREMENTS)

Steel Construction Manual, 14th ed., AISC, 2011.

157 CIVIL ENGINEERING

 TABLE C-A-7.1
APPROXIMATE VALUES OF EFFECTIVE LENGTH FACTOR, K
BUCKLED SHAPE OF COLUMN IS (a) ( b) (c) (d) (e) (f)
SHOWN BY DASHED LINE.

THEORETICAL K VALUE 0.5 0.7 1.0 1.0 2.0 2.0

RECOMMENDED DESIGN
VALUE WHEN IDEAL CONDITIONS 0.65 0.80 1.2 1.0 2.10 2.0
ARE APPROXIMATED
END CONDITION CODE ROTATION FIXED AND TRANSLATION FIXED
ROTATION FREE AND TRANSLATION FIXED
ROTATION FIXED AND TRANSLATION FREE
ROTATION FREE AND TRANSLATION FREE

FOR COLUMN ENDS SUPPORTED BY, BUT NOT RIGIDLY CONNECTED TO, A FOOTING OR FOUNDATION, G IS
THEORETICALLY INFINITY BUT UNLESS DESIGNED AS A TRUE FRICTION-FREE PIN, MAY BE TAKEN AS 10
FOR PRACTICAL DESIGNS. IF THE COLUMN END IS RIGIDLY ATTACHED TO A PROPERLY DESIGNED
FOOTING, G MAY BE TAKEN AS 1.0. SMALLER VALUES MAY BE USED IF JUSTIFIED BY ANALYSIS.

AISC Figure C-A-7.1 AISC Figure C-A-7.2

Alignment chart, sidesway inhibited (braced frame) Alignment chart, sidesway uninhibited (moment frame)

GA K GB GA K GB

50.0 1.0 50.0 20.0

10.0 10.0 100.0 10.0 100.0
50.0 50.0
5.0 5.0
4.0 4.0 30.0 5.0 30.0
0.9
3.0 3.0 20.0 20.0
4.0
2.0 2.0
10.0 3.0 10.0
0.8 8.0 8.0
1.0 1.0 7.0 7.0
0.9 0.9 6.0 6.0
0.8 0.8
0.7 0.7 5.0 5.0
0.6 0.7 0.6 4.0 2.0 4.0
0.5 0.5
3.0 3.0
0.4 0.4

0.3 0.3 2.0 2.0

1.5
0.6
0.2 0.2
1.0 1.0
0.1 0.1

0.0 0.5 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0

Steel Construction Manual, 14th ed., AISC, 2011.

158 CIVIL ENGINEERING

 AISC Table 4-22
Available Critical Stress φcFcr for Compression Members
Fy = 50 ksi φc = 0.90

KL φFcr KL φFcr KL φFcr KL φFcr KL φFcr

r ksi r ksi r ksi r ksi r ksi
1 45.0 41 39.8 81 27.9 121 15.4 161 8.72
2 45.0 42 39.5 82 27.5 122 15.2 162 8.61
3 45.0 43 39.3 83 27.2 123 14.9 163 8.50
4 44.9 44 39.1 84 26.9 124 14.7 164 8.40
5 44.9 45 38.8 85 26.5 125 14.5 165 8.30
6 44.9 46 38.5 86 26.2 126 14.2 166 8.20
7 44.8 47 38.3 87 25.9 127 14.0 167 8.10
8 44.8 48 38.0 88 25.5 128 13.8 168 8.00
9 44.7 49 37.7 89 25.2 129 13.6 169 7.89
10 44.7 50 37.5 90 24.9 130 13.4 170 7.82
11 44.6 51 37.2 91 24.6 131 13.2 171 7.73
12 44.5 52 36.9 92 24.2 132 13.0 172 7.64
13 44.4 53 36.7 93 23.9 133 12.8 173 7.55
14 44.4 54 36.4 94 23.6 134 12.6 174 7.46
15 44.3 55 36.1 95 23.3 135 12.4 175 7.38
16 44.2 56 35.8 96 22.9 136 12.2 176 7.29
17 44.1 57 35.5 97 22.6 137 12.0 177 7.21
18 43.9 58 35.2 98 22.3 138 11.9 178 7.13
19 43.8 59 34.9 99 22.0 139 11.7 179 7.05
20 43.7 60 34.6 100 21.7 140 11.5 180 6.97
21 43.6 61 34.3 101 21.3 141 11.4 181 6.90
22 43.4 62 34.0 102 21.0 142 11.2 182 6.82
23 43.3 63 33.7 103 20.7 143 11.0 183 6.75
24 43.1 64 33.4 104 20.4 144 10.9 184 6.67
25 43.0 65 33.0 105 20.1 145 10.7 185 6.60
26 42.8 66 32.7 106 19.8 146 10.6 186 6.53
27 42.7 67 32.4 107 19.5 147 10.5 187 6.46
28 42.5 68 32.1 108 19.2 148 10.3 188 6.39
29 42.3 69 31.8 109 18.9 149 10.2 189 6.32
30 42.1 70 31.4 110 18.6 150 10.0 190 6.26
31 41.9 71 31.1 111 18.3 151 9.91 191 6.19
32 41.8 72 30.8 112 18.0 152 9.78 192 6.13
33 41.6 73 30.5 113 17.7 153 9.65 193 6.06
34 41.4 74 30.2 114 17.4 154 9.53 194 6.00
35 41.2 75 29.8 115 17.1 155 9.40 195 5.94
36 40.9 76 29.5 116 16.8 156 9.28 196 5.88
37 40.7 77 29.2 117 16.5 157 9.17 197 5.82
38 40.5 78 28.8 118 16.2 158 9.05 198 5.76
39 40.3 79 28.5 119 16.0 159 8.94 199 5.70
40 40.0 80 28.2 120 15.7 160 8.82 200 5.65

Adapted from Steel Construction Manual, 14th ed., AISC, 2011.

159 CIVIL ENGINEERING



AISC Table 4–1

Fy = 50 ksi
Available Strength in Axial Compression, kips—W shapes
Selected W14, W12, W10 LRFD: φPn φc = 0.90

Shape W14 W12 W10

wt/ft 74 68 61 53 48 58 53 50 45 40 60 54 49 45 39

0 980 899 806 702 636 767 701 657 590 526 794 712 649 597 516

6 922 844 757 633 573 722 659 595 534 475 750 672 612 543 469

7 901 826 740 610 552 707 644 574 516 458 734 658 599 525 452

8 878 804 721 585 529 689 628 551 495 439 717 643 585 505 435

9 853 781 700 557 504 670 610 526 472 419 698 625 569 483 415

10 826 755 677 528 477 649 590 499 448 397 677 607 551 460 395
Effective length KL (ft) with respect to least radius of gyration ry

11 797 728 652 497 449 627 569 471 422 375 655 586 533 435 373

12 766 700 626 465 420 603 547 443 396 351 631 565 513 410 351

13 734 670 599 433 391 578 525 413 370 328 606 543 493 384 328

14 701 639 572 401 361 553 501 384 343 304 581 520 471 358 305

15 667 608 543 369 332 527 477 354 317 280 555 496 450 332 282
160

16 632 576 515 338 304 500 452 326 291 257 528 472 428 306 260
CIVIL ENGINEERING

17 598 544 486 308 276 473 427 297 265 234 501 448 405 281 238

18 563 512 457 278 250 446 402 270 241 212 474 423 383 256 216

19 528 480 428 250 224 420 378 244 217 191 447 399 360 233 195

20 494 448 400 226 202 393 353 220 196 172 420 375 338 210 176

22 428 387 345 186 167 342 306 182 162 142 367 327 295 174 146

24 365 329 293 157 140 293 261 153 136 120 317 282 254 146 122

26 311 281 250 133 120 249 222 130 116 102 270 241 216 124 104

28 268 242 215 115 103 215 192 112 99.8 88.0 233 208 186 107 90.0

30 234 211 187 100 89.9 187 167 97.7 87.0 76.6 203 181 162 93.4 78.4

32 205 185 165 88.1 165 147 82.9 76.4 67.3 179 159 143 82.1 68.9

34 182 164 146 146 130 158 141 126

36 162 146 130 130 116 141 126 113

38 146 131 117 117 104 127 113 101

40 131 119 105 105 93.9 114 102 91.3

Heavy line indicates KL/r equal to or greater than 200 Adapted from Steel Construction Manual, 14th ed., AISC, 2011


Figure Area & Centroid Area Moment of Inertia (Radius of Gyration)2 Product of Inertia
y Ix c = bh 3 /36 rx2c = h 2 18
A = bh/2
I yc = b 3h/36 ry2c = b 2 18 Ixc yc = Abh 36 = b 2 h 2 72
C h xc = 2b/3
rx2 = h 2 6 Ixy = Abh 4 = b 2 h 2 8
yc = h/3 Ix = bh3/12
ry2 = b 2 2
b x Iy = b3h/4
y Ix c = bh 3 /36 rx2c = h 2 18
A = bh/2
h I yc = b 3h/36 ry2c = b 2 18 I xc yc = − Abh 36 = − b 2 h 2 72
C xc = b/3
rx2 = h 2 6 I xy = Abh 12 = b 2 h 2 24
yc = h/3 Ix = bh3/12
x ry2 = b 2 6
b Iy = b3h/12
y I xc = bh 3 36 rx2c = h 2 18 I xc yc = [Ah(2a − b )] 36

C h
A = bh/2
xc = (a + b)/3
[ ( 2
Iyc = bh b − ab + a 2
)] 36 ry2c ( 2
= b − ab + a 2
) 18 [ ]
= bh 2 (2a − b ) 72
= [Ah(2a + b )] 12
3
I x = bh 12 rx2 =h 6 2
I xy
a
b
x yc = h/3
[ ( 2
I y = bh b + ab + a 2
)] 12 ry2 (
= b 2 + ab + a 2 6 ) [ ]
= bh 2 (2a + b ) 24
I xc y c = 0
y I xc = b h 3 12 rx2c = h 2 12
65

I xy = Abh 4 = b 2 h 2 4
C A = bh I yc = b 3 h 12 ry2c = b 2 12
STATICS

h
xc = b/2 I x = bh 3 3 rx2 = h 2 3
yc = h/2 I y = b3h 3 ry2 = b 2 3
b x
[ (
J = bh b 2 + h 2 12 )] (
rp2 = b 2 + h 2 12 )
y a
A = h(a + b ) 2 I xc =
(
h 3 a 2 + 4ab + b 2 ) rx2c =
(
h 2 a 2 + 4ab + b 2 )
36(a + b ) 18(a + b )
C h h(2a + b )
yc =
3(a + b ) h 3 (3a + b ) rx2 =
h 2
(3a + b)
Ix = 6(a + b )
b x 12

y
( )
I xc = a 3b sin 3θ 12 rx2c = (a sinθ )2 12
A = ab sin θ I yc = [ab sinθ (b + a cos θ )] 12
2 2 2
(
ry2c = b 2 + a 2 cos 2 θ 12 )
C
a xc = (b + a cos θ)/2 Ix = (a b sin θ ) 3
3 3
rx2 = (a sinθ ) 3 2 ( )
I xc yc = a 3b sin 2 θ cos θ 12

b x
yc = (a sin θ)/2 [
I y = ab sinθ (b + a cosθ )
2
]3 ry2 = (b + a cosθ ) 3 2

− (ab cosθ ) 6
(
− a 2b 2 sinθ cosθ 6 )
Housner, George W., and Donald E. Hudson, Applied Mechanics Dynamics, D. Van Nostrand Company, Inc., Princeton, NJ, 1959. Table reprinted by permission of G.W. Housner & D.E. Hudson.


Figure Area & Centroid Area Moment of Inertia (Radius of Gyration)2 Product of Inertia

y
A = πa2 I xc = I y c = π a 4 4 rx2c = ry2c = a 2 4
a I xc y c = 0
C xc = a I x = I y = 5π a 4 4 rx2 = ry2 = 5a 2 4
I xy = Aa 2
yc = a J = πa 4 2 rp2 =a 2 2

y
A = π (a2 – b2)
(
I xc = I y c = π a 4 − b 4 4 ) (
rx2c = ry2c = a 2 + b 2 4 ) I xc y c = 0
= (5a +b ) 4
4 4
a 5πa πb rx2 = ry2 2 2
I xy = Aa 2
C xc = a Ix = Iy = − πa 2b 2 −
b yc = a
(
4
J = π a4 − b4 2
4
) (
rp2 = a 2 + b 2 2 ) (
= πa 2 a 2 − b 2 )
x

(
a 4 9π 2 − 64 ) rx2c =
(
a 2 9π 2 − 64 )
I xc = 36π 2
y A = πa2/2 72π
ry2c = a 2 4 I xc y c = 0
C xc = a I yc = πa 4 8
66

I x = πa 4 8 I xy = 2a 4 3
yc = 4a/(3π) rx2 = a 2 4
STATICS

2a x
I y = 5π a 4 8 ry2 = 5a 2 4

y
a A = a 2θ a 2 (θ − sinθ cosθ )
C 4
Ix = a (θ – sinθ cosθ)/4 rx2 = I xc y c = 0
2a sinθ 4 θ
x xc =
3 θ 4
Iy = a (θ + sinθ cosθ)/4
ry2 =
a 2
(θ + sinθ cosθ ) I xy = 0
yc = 0 4 θ

[ ] [ ] [ ]
y sin 2θ
A = a2 θ − Aa 2 2sin 3θ cosθ a2 2sin 3θ cosθ
a 2 Ix = 1− rx2 = 1− I xc y c = 0
4 3θ − 3sinθ cosθ 4 3θ − 3sinθ cosθ

[ ] [ ]
x I xy = 0
2a sin 3θ Aa 2 2sin 3 θ cosθ a2 2sin 3θ cosθ
C xc = Iy = 1+ ry2 = 1+
3 θ − sinθ cosθ 4 θ − sin θ cosθ 4 θ − sinθ cosθ
yc = 0
Housner, George W., and Donald E. Hudson, Applied Mechanics Dynamics, D. Van Nostrand Company, Inc., Princeton, NJ, 1959. Table reprinted by permission of G.W. Housner & D.E. Hudson.


Figure Area & Centroid Area Moment of Inertia (Radius of Gyration)2 Product of Inertia

y I xc = I x = 4ab 3 15 rx2c = rx2 = b 2 5

A = 4ab/3 I xc y c = 0
C b
xc = 3a/5 I yc = 16a 3b 175 ry2c = 12a 2 175
x Ixy = 0
a b yc = 0 3
I y = 4a b 7 ry2 2
= 3a 7

y
A = 2ab/3 Ix = 2ab3/15 rx2 = b 2 5
C b
xc = 3a/5 Ixy = Aab/4 = a2b2
x Iy = 2ba3/7 ry2 = 3a 2 7
a yc = 3b/8

y A = bh (n + 1)
h 2 (n + 1)
67

y = (h/b n)xn bh 3 rx2 =

n +1 Ix = 3(3n + 1)
STATICS

C
h xc = b 3(3n + 1)
n+2
hb 3 n +1 2
b x h n +1 Iy = ry2 = b
yc = n+3 n+3
2 2n + 1

y n
y = (h/b 1/n)x1/n A= bh n +1 2
n +1 n rx2 = h
Ix = bh 3 3(n + 1)
C h xc =
n +1
b 3(n + 3)
2n + 1 n n +1 2
Iy = b3h ry2 = b
x n +1 3n + 1 3n + 1
b yc = h
2(n + 2)
Housner, George W., and Donald E. Hudson, Applied Mechanics Dynamics, D. Van Nostrand Company, Inc., Princeton, NJ, 1959. Table reprinted by permission of G.W. Housner & D.E. Hudson.