1.

1 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

1.1.1 WATER PARK

A water park or waterpark is an amusement park that features water play areas, such as water
slides, splash pads, spraygrounds (water playgrounds), lazy rivers, or other recreational bathing, swimming,
and barefooting environments. Water parks in more current states of development may also be equipped
with some type of artificial surfing or bodyboarding environment such as a wave pool or FlowRider.

Water parks have grown in popularity since their introduction in the late 1940s and early 1950s.
The United States has the largest and most concentrated water park market, with over a thousand water
parks and dozens of new parks opening each year. Major organizations are IAAPA (International
Association of Amusement Parks and Attractions) and WWA (World Waterpark Association), which is the
industry trade association.

Water parks which emerge from spas tend to more closely resemble mountain resorts, as they
become year-round destinations. For example, Splash Universe Water Park Resort, a member of the WWA,
is themed to match the community in which it is located. The theme is intended to enhance the
community's destination appeal. Therefore, the amusement and leisure-time industry is becoming more
concentrated, as winter sports are becoming common themes in summertime water recreation.
 A process of concentration can be observed in the hybrid versions of theme-, amusement-, and
water parks. Some water parks are more spa-oriented. For example, Schwaben Quellen, a member of
European Waterpark Association (EWA), has no water slides; it has instead many saunas, steam rooms,
"adventure showers," and relaxation-oriented water play areas.

In the 2000s, an effort was made to reduce long waiting lines by introducing conveyor belts to lift
passengers or use water jets. An unusual feature at a water park is ice skating. Deep River Water Park in
northwestern Indiana features ice skating, made possible by cooling pipes installed under their massive
plaza during a recent expansion (Wikiepdia.org, Water Park).

1.1.2 ADMINISTRATIVE BUILDING

Office administration is a set of day-to-day activities related to financial planning, billing and
recordkeeping, personnel, and physical distribution and logistics, within an organization. An employee that
undertakes these activities is commonly called an office administrator or office manager. The exact duties
of an office administrator vary depending on the employer and level of education.

Office administration includes planning work assignments for and supervising staff, requesting
new office equipment and repairs on existing equipment. Office administrators also handle duties such as
customer service, payroll, and implementing department policies and changes. They also discuss
performance problems with employees and work with upper management to hire new employees or
dismiss current employees (Wikipedia.org, Office Administration).

1.1.3 CONCESSION BUILDING

A concession or a commercial business building is a building that is used for commercial use.
Types can include office buildings, warehouses, or retail (i.e. convenience stores, 'big box' stores, shopping
malls, etc.). In urban locations, a commercial building often combines functions, such as an office on levels
2-10, with retail on floor 1. Local authorities commonly maintain strict regulations on commercial zoning,
and have the authority to designate any zoned area as such. A business must be located in a commercial
area or area zoned at least partially for commerce (Wikipedia.org, Commercial Building).

1.1.4 HOTEL

A hotel is an establishment that provides lodging paid on a short-term basis. Facilities provided
may range from a basic bed and storage for clothing, to luxury features like en-suite bathrooms. Larger
hotels may provide additional guest facilities such as a swimming pool, business center, childcare,
conference facilities and social function services. Hotel rooms are usually numbered (or named in some
smaller hotels and B&Bs) to allow guests to identify their room. Some hotels offer meals as part of a room
and board arrangement. In the United Kingdom, a hotel is required by law to serve food and drinks to all
guests within certain stated hours. In Japan, capsule hotels provide a minimized amount of room space
and shared facilities.

The word hotel is derived from the French hôtel (coming from the same origin as hospital), which
referred to a French version of a building seeing frequent visitors, and providing care, rather than a place
offering accommodation. In contemporary French usage, hôtel now has the same meaning as the English
term, and hôtel particulier is used for the old meaning, as well as "hôtel" in some place names such as
Hôtel-Dieu (in Paris), which has been a hospital since the Middle Ages (Wikipedia.org, Hotel).

1.1.4.1 RESORT HOTEL

Some hotels are built specifically as a destination in itself to create a captive trade, example at
casinos and holiday resorts. Though of course hotels have always been built in popular destinations, the
defining characteristic of a resort hotel is that it exists purely to serve another attraction, the two having the
same owners.

On the Las Vegas Strip there is a tradition of one-upmanship with luxurious and extravagant hotels
in a concentrated area. This trend now has extended to other resorts worldwide, but the concentration in
Las Vegas is still the world's highest: nineteen of the world's twenty-five largest hotels by room count are on
the Strip, with a total of over 67,000 rooms.
 In Europe Center Parcs might be considered a chain of resort hotels, since the sites are largely
man-made (though set in natural surroundings such as country parks) with captive trade, whereas holiday
camps such as Butlins and Pontin's are probably not considered as resort hotels, since they are set at
traditional holiday destinations which existed before the camps (Wikipedia.org, Resort Hotel).

1.1.5 OCEANARIUM

An Oceanarium means underwater aquarium. It is like a natural theme park where one can see
the marine creatures in their natural habitat. Many recreational activities can combine with the
oceanarium to make it a complete recreational space for any age group. It is basically a salt-water
aquarium for displaying marine animals & plants particularly oceanic, pelagic, fishes and mammals. It
serves as a centre for public entertainment and education and scientific study. They are basically located
in coastal areas. The oceanarium is basically an edutainment attraction and is designed for family
recreation, offering both youngsters and adults the fun, excitement and enriching experience of the
wonderful underwater world.

The modern concept of the term oceanarium is a gigantic aquarium- an artificial ocean habitat
with all kinds of marine creatures, especially large ocean dwellers such as sharks and dolphins. It can
basically be called as a marine mammal park. It is a commercial theme park or aquarium where marine
mammals such as dolphins, beluga whales and sea lions are kept within water tanks and displayed to the
public in special shows.

It is an advance form of an aquarium, often located on the ocean or on a bay or river and
features outdoor pools and aquatic environments that enable visitors to see large and small fish and other
marine life from below the water surface. The underwater aquarium concept is a revolutionary concept in
entertainment along with education which bases its drawing power on our natural human curiosity of other
forms of animal life.

An oceanarium is in itself an enormously educative and is a huge tourist attraction. Oceanariums,

at places wherever they are built, attract mainly families, with children, as well as young people interested
in science and environment (Brijdeep Kaur, Oceanarium).

1.1.6 INDOOR WATER PARK

An indoor water park is a type of water park that is located inside a building. An indoor water
park has the ability to stay open year-round, as it is not affected by weather conditions. The first ever indoor
water park was built in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada in 1985 at the West Edmonton Mall. It is called the
World Waterpark and is over 200,000 sq ft (19,000 m2) making it the world's largest indoor waterpark. It was
a success for the mall. The first indoor water park in Europe was built in Blackpool in 1986. It is called the
Sandcastle Water Park (Blackpool). The first indoor water park in the U.S. was built in Wisconsin Dells,
Wisconsin at the Polynesian Hotel. They built it in 1994 so it could make the Dells a "year round destination",
as the Wisconsin Dells tourist season was from Memorial Day to Labor Day before it was built.

Since the opening of the first park, the indoor water park business has become increasingly
popular, especially for the Edmonton area in Canada, and in the Wisconsin Dells in the U.S., which
proclaims itself as the "water park capital of the world". The Dells has five Water park Resorts that have at
least one water park bigger than 55,000 sq ft (5,100 m2). This includes the Kalahari Resort (Wisconsin's
Largest Indoor Water Park), Chula Vista Resort (Lost Rios), Great Wolf Lodge, Wilderness Territory (Wild West,
Klondike Kavern, Wild WaterDome), and the Hotel Rome at Mt. Olympus. Wisconsin has the most indoor
water parks in one state. Other states in the U.S., especially in the Midwest, are building more indoor water
parks separate or to existing hotels so they can become a year-round destination. More water parks are
also being built in Canada, Europe and Asia. Tropical Islands Resort (Krausnick-Groß Wasserburg, Germany)
with an area of 66,000 m² (710,000 sq feet) is currently the largest indoor water park in the world.

Features

A view of the Children's Play Area at the Water Park of America in Bloomington, Minnesota. Most
major indoor water parks over 50,000 sq ft (the average size for an indoor water park in July 2008) have:
  2-3+ Tube Slides
 2-3+ Body Slides
 1+ Speed Slides
 Children's Play Area with sprayers, tipping buckets, slides, and geysers. A typical example
might be "Canada's Wonderland" "Pump House" attraction.
 1+ Family Rides (Ride that can occupy over 3 guests)
 Lazy River or Torrent River
 Wave Pool
 Water Coaster (Master Blaster)
 Other Attractions (FlowRider, Mat Racing Slides, Tornado Vortex Ride, Pro Bowl/Behehmoth
Bowl, etc.) (Wikipedia.org, Indoor Water Park)

1.1.7 MARINE SANCTUARY

A marine sanctuary is a general type of marine protected area (MPA). An MPA is a section of the
ocean where a government has placed limits on human activity. Different types of MPAs allow different
types of activities, such as scientific research, recreation, or commercial fishing. In the United States, marine
sanctuary and marine protected area usually mean the same thing.
 Sanctuary waters may provide a secure habitat for endangered species. Sanctuaries may also
protect shipwrecks and historic artifacts. They serve as outdoor classrooms for schoolchildren and
laboratories for researchers who want to better understand and protect the ocean environment.
Sanctuaries also protect economically important fisheries.

Marine sanctuaries often have different zones, which allow different activities. A permit system
usually regulates these activities, such as fishing or recreational water sports. Only a certain number of
permits are issued every year. The permits allow the MPA to prevent overfishing or pollution due to boats
or other personal watercraft.

A marine sanctuary’s staff also educates the public about responsible behavior. This allows the
public to enjoy marine sanctuaries for recreation, tourism, and fishing in a sustainable manner (Marine
Sanctuary, www.education.nationalgeographic.com/encyclopedia/marine-sanctuary).
3.2 DESIGN CONCEPT

The new and innovated modernistic design of the resort, to be integrated to the natural environment
of the area, summarizes the concept of the proposed project. The main focus of the Aquapark Beach Resort will
be the sustainable design of the buildings, which will be one of the serious matters to be incorporated to the
development. It is the relationship of the natural atmosphere of the city and its architectural environment to
produce a new living recreational establishments, to be called a Sustainable Bundled Integrated Synergy. With
the integration and correlation of facilities in an environmental-friendly method will be developed.

As shown in the figure below, the image in the center, which is the logo, symbolizes the totality of the
proposed Aquapark Beach Resort. It summarizes the design considerations to be applied to the development,
wherein, the dolphin and the human swimming in a yin yang pattern symbolizes the balance and correlationship
of the people and the marine environment. The enclosing corals represents the safety and security of the
development and the strength of the resort. The shadow of the crab represents the character of the proposed
project that will be incorporated to it.

The proposed Aquapark Beach Resorts is anticipated to become one of the holiday resort that will
quickly carve a market niche for itself, in the fast-growing eco-tourism industry with innovative products that
continue to bring in more visitors. Over the years, the proposed resort will make an impressive transition from local
hot spot to national tourist attraction while preserving the natural beauty of the land. The design concept to be
applied in the proposed resort is composed of different considerations to serve as special role in making a place
to offer an opportunity for families to experience a new and advanced way to enjoy their free time. These
elements will help the water park resort to provide high profitability, maximized capacity, customer satisfaction,
spectator appeal or additional revenue sources, therefore, making it operational, exceptional, safe and more
importantly, environmental-friendly resort.

Hence, to be able to accomplish these, the following are the design considerations to be used in the
resort:

1. GREEN ARCHITECTURE
Through sustainable hotel and resort development, the proposed Aquapark Beach Resort will be
committed to caring for and enhancing the astonishing environments where it will be erected. It will also
establish an executive-level place to create, integrate and manage all aspects of responsible sustainability
actions within the development. By planning sustainable tourism development strategy at an early stage,
it will prevent damages and expensive mistakes on the future, thereby avoiding the gradual deterioration
of the quality of environmental goods and services significant to tourism.

Furthermore, sustainable steps will be utilized in the resort. Like, to innovate and design scalable,
sustainable parking facilities and parking management plans for the environment, for the people,
companies and communities. In terms of the landscape design architecture of the resort, it will cater the
specific desires of the establishment’s visitors, whether that is couples seeking a private oasis or business
travelers in need of relaxing inspiration. Trees will be planted, especially tree crop trees, which will help
sustain the resort during minimal guests’ inflow.

During site analysis, there will also be a survey on the site of all the trees before any planning started
on the hotel and other major structures. The survey will especially pin-point large mature tree which will be
preserved and to be provided with meticulous care during the construction stage. On construction phase,
the soil from the area that will be cut will be used as filling materials and for landscaping. As much as
possible, it will minimize the usage of the geological resources found in the area. With the lack of potable
water from the city’s water district, the resort will take into consideration of an existing natural spring on site
and the sea water itself. The swimming pool will only be refilled from filtered spring water and rainfall and
desalinated sea water. The landscape is also irrigated from the same spring water.

Consequently, to minimize the environmental impact of the resort, it will also include eco-friendly
methods in the integration of development, design, construction, operations, and community involvement.
With this as the proponents’ focus, it will have a defined vision, which is the foundation for all of our decisions
and actions relating to sustainability. These includes environmental-friendly materials, waste management
programs, water-quality management practices, energy management, and green housekeeping
initiatives.
2. FACILITIES AND AMENITIES

The proposed Aquapark Beach Resort will offer a new and innovated recreational facilities such as
Hotel, Oceanarium, the Administrative Building and a Concession Building. The buildings will be strategically
oriented to maximize the wind and sun path. It will also ensure the building design that will supports and
encourages ecologically sustainable lifestyles, as well as, consider all issues regarding the life cycle of
materials in order to ensure most appropriate and least damaging selection and design. Thereof,
construction material of the facilities and amenities to be established will be selected preferring to
‘renewable’ resources to finite the resources. Minimal use of new materials in buildings and construction
processes will also be observed, and by designing for minimal waste through modularization and
appropriate sizing for specific materials. The building design will have the appropriate levels of durability
and reconfigurability. To also select materials and products with low toxicity and off gassing; consider
pollution caused during extraction of raw materials, production, transport, installation, in-situ and removal.
Therefore considering the impact of selection of following materials: paints, varnishes/ polishes,
glues/adhesives, upholstery and treatments, particle and other board products, carpets/underlays and
PVC products. The material characteristics, like, the low absorption, discouragement of micro-organisms,
ease of cleaning with benign processes and materials will also be ruminated.

In power conservation, it will be ensured that the detail design, selection of appliances and energy
sources to be utilized will results in a reduction in the building’s operational energy impact across all seasons.
The proposed buildings of the resort will have minimal energy use during construction. Designing the building
 which will be improved the thermal performance and also selecting energy-efficient appliances and
operating systems. The use of alternative and low impact power sources, such as, active solar design will
also be implemented.

Since the proposed development will be an Aquapark Beach Resort, the facilities will mostly require
water. In terms of water resources for the facilities, the existing abundant natural spring water of the area
will be used, as well as the sea water itself. Actions and initiatives will be applied like: collection and the use
rainwater, Use water cycle management techniques, use grey water reticulation systems, utilize water
efficient technologies (e.g. Composting toilets), use water efficient appliances, and avoid specifying water-
hungry construction techniques. It will also incorporate landscaping features such as swales and reservoir
to reduce additional water input required.

3. CHARACTER
The design character of the proposed recreational institutions will take inspiration from the tropical
architecture tradition of the water park and beach resorts, and the heritage design tradition and rustic
architecture of the coastal areas of Dapitan City. But in this project, a modern interpretation with clean
lines, rather than a stylistic imitation of past pictures, will be encouraged. The design of buildings will
emphasize sloping roofs, the use of wood and stone and generally abundant use of natural materials –
primarily timber and local stone, will be applied. Design for durability of construction, good climatic and
weather management and inherent quality will also be mandatory components of the resort.
 Authentic style and character to be applied will be the “kagang”, a type of crab popular in the
coastal community of Dapitan, which usually lives in dry lands near the shoreline. An annual celebration of
the Kagang Festival is a popular tourist attraction in the city, which was recently hosted by Brgy. Guimputlan,
in which the resort will be located. Such authentic character will reflect the culture and tradition of the
community and its yearly festivity that will also advertise its heritage value and coastal tradition.

4. PLANNING
Resort is a place where people often go, customarily or generally, for rest or recreation as on holiday
and leisure time. With changes due to development in the surrounding community and in air transport, this
gives access to the tourists from all over the world to stay at resorts located at more distant areas like the
city proper. The critical factors of planning for the Aquapark Beach Resort can be divided into two
categories which are design to fit with: A) Resort requirements and B) Regional style of the site. The resort
requirements consists of important considerations for selection of the resort location, interior and exterior
lodge design based on resort style, appropriate facilities and services, building materials, and prices of
accommodation.. On the other hand, Regional style comprises important considerations for adequate
ventilation for cooling and reduction of humidity, using low thermal building materials, avoiding direct
sunlight and glare, protection against rain, and the site’s location with natural vegetation to provide cooler
micro climate.
 These requirements involves proper space planning considerations, and to attain these, proper
planning will be in need that must comply with the standards of the National Building Code of the Philippines
(NBC), Accessibility Law (BP 344) and the Fire Code of the Philippine (FCP).

5. SAFETY AND SECURITY

For an aquapark and water facility operators, safety and risk management is a critical part of daily
operations of the resort. Therefore, it will developed various facility risk management practices to help make
the facilities as safe as possible for the guests. The community peace and order will also be promoted to
attract more foreign and local tourist.

6. ACCESSIBILITY AND CIRCULATION

The access road will be improved to get the interest of investors and tourist that are unable to reach
the site due to undeveloped road. Infrastructures elements such as the hotel and trails should be located
to optimize visitor circulation: minimum distances, minimum disturbance to natural features, easily located
by visitors, etc. Trails will be designed with environmental and cultural interpretation in mind, and with
attractions and sensitivity the primary determining factors in placement.
7. ENERGY AND UTILITIES
Conventional energy and utility systems will mainly be used in the resort. Siting and orientation of the
building will be considered to maximize the natural sun and wind path and minimize energy consumption.
Infrastructures should be placed to take advantage of natural ventilation possibilities when consistent with
esthetic and other considerations. To also plan for necessary facilities such as for trash storage until removal
from the site, solar panels or other appropriate energy source, maintenance buildings and sites for
treatment of gray water.