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ThoughtCo / Hilary Allison
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by Anne Marie Helmenstine, Ph.D.
Updated September 04, 2019
The null hypothesis—which assumes that there is no meaningful relationship between two variables—may be the most valuable
hypothesis for the scientific method because it is the easiest to test using a statistical analysis. This means you can support your
hypothesis with a high level of confidence. Testing the null hypothesis can tell you whether your results are due to the effect of
manipulating the dependent variable or due to chance.
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Examples of the Null Hypothesis
To write a null hypothesis, first start by asking a question. Rephrase that question in a
form that assumes no relationship between the variables. In other words, assume a treatment has no effect. Write your hypothesis
in a way that reflects this.
Are teens better at math than adults? Age has no effect on mathematical ability.
Does taking aspirin every day reduce the chance of having Taking aspirin daily does not affect heart attack risk.
a heart attack?
Do teens use cell phones to access the internet more than Age has no effect on how cell phones are used for internet access.
adults?
Do cats care about the color of their food? Cats express no food preference based on color.
Does chewing willow bark relieve pain? There is no difference in pain relief after chewing willow bark
versus taking a placebo.
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What Is the Null Hypothesis?
De nition and Examples What Is the Signi cance Level in
Understanding Simple vs
Hypothesis Testing?
Controlled Experiments
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Do You Know What Makes a Differences Between The Null
Good Hypothesis? Here's Some and Alternative Hypothesis
Examples
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How to Conduct a Hypothesis
Correlation Analysis: Comparing Know the Steps of the Scienti c
Test
Variables Method
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