POLITEKNIK NEGERI JEMBER

Making Paragraph
Muhammad Dzulkifli, S.Pd., M.Sc.

SMART, INNOVATIVE, PROFESSIONAL polije.ac.id

Outline
POLITEKNIK NEGERI JEMBER
1. What is Paragraph?
2. The purpose of paragraph
3. Paragraph Structure
4. Topic Sentence
5. Supporting Sentences
6. Adding details
7. Concluding sentence
8. Examples

SMART, INNOVATIVE, PROFESSIONAL polije.ac.id

What is Paragraph?
POLITEKNIK NEGERI JEMBER

• A paragraph is a unit of writing in a larger body of work.

A paragraph expresses a particular topic or theme.

• When writing essays, research papers, books, etc., new

paragraphs are indented to show their beginnings. Each
new paragraph begins with a new indentation.

• Paragraphs should be about 5-8 sentences long

SMART, INNOVATIVE, PROFESSIONAL polije.ac.id

The Purpose of a Paragraph
POLITEKNIK NEGERI JEMBER

• The purpose is to express a speaker’s thoughts on a particular point

in a clear way that is unique and specific to that paragraph.

• In other words, paragraphs shouldn’t be mixing thoughts or ideas.

When a new idea is introduced, generally, a writer will introduce a
new paragraph.

SMART, INNOVATIVE, PROFESSIONAL polije.ac.id

Basic Paragraph Structure
POLITEKNIK NEGERI JEMBER
A Good Paragraph should have the following items:
1. Topic Sentence
2. Supporting Sentences
3. Adding details
4. Concluding sentence

Good paragraphs should flow from one idea to the next

(unity and coherence)

SMART, INNOVATIVE, PROFESSIONAL polije.ac.id

Topic sentence
POLITEKNIK NEGERI JEMBER

• A topic sentence is the first sentence of the body paragraph

• The topic sentence introduces the idea of the paragraph

• Topic Sentence controls the other sentences.

• A good paragraph focuses in a single topic/idea

SMART, INNOVATIVE, PROFESSIONAL polije.ac.id

Supporting Sentences
POLITEKNIK NEGERI JEMBER

• The supporting sentences support/prove/agree the topic sentence.

That is, they explain and elaborate the point of the paragraph (why
or how).

• The supporting sentences of a paragraph are the sentences between

the topic sentence and the concluding sentence

SMART, INNOVATIVE, PROFESSIONAL polije.ac.id

Adding Details
POLITEKNIK NEGERI JEMBER

• It makes the paragraph stronger usually by using more examples and

the things that includes/belongs to the topic sentence.

SMART, INNOVATIVE, PROFESSIONAL polije.ac.id

Adding Details
POLITEKNIK NEGERI JEMBER

• It makes the paragraph stronger usually by using more examples and

the things that includes/belongs to the topic sentence.

SMART, INNOVATIVE, PROFESSIONAL polije.ac.id

Concluding sentence
POLITEKNIK NEGERI JEMBER

• The concluding sentence is the last sentence in the paragraph

• It should succinctly end the paragraph and could be the transition to

the next paragraph, if appropriate.

SMART, INNOVATIVE, PROFESSIONAL polije.ac.id

 EXAMPLE(S)
My father is a very busy person. He
works sixteen hours a day. He goes to office
early in the morning and comes back quite
late at night. Sometimes he even works on
Saturdays. He has no time for play or fun.
Which one is the good paragraph?
Why?
SMART, INNOVATIVE, PROFESSIONAL
POLITEKNIK NEGERI JEMBER
My friend is a very busy person.
My car is broken. The cow are grazing in the
field. We live in Jember. My name is Fahri. A
cat is a cute creature.
polije.ac.id
 EXAMPLE(S)
Trees are useful to us. They clean
the air around us. On a hot day, they give us
shade. We can use their wood to build our
homes. Trees also help to keep the
environment fresh. They provide us oxygen.
POLITEKNIK NEGERI JEMBER
A cat is a useful animal. It guards
our house. It protect us from mice and other
insects. It plays with us and entertains us. It
makes us happier.

SMART, INNOVATIVE, PROFESSIONAL polije.ac.id

 EXAMPLE(S)
POLITEKNIK NEGERI JEMBER
……………………………….. He works
sixteen hours a day. He goes to office early in
the morning and comes back quite late at Options:
night. Sometimes he even works on 1. Mr. Kumala is a good officeboy.
Saturdays. He has no free time at all. 2. Mr. Kumala is a busy person.

SMART, INNOVATIVE, PROFESSIONAL polije.ac.id

 EXAMPLE(S)
POLITEKNIK NEGERI JEMBER
Pulau Padar is an amazing place to visit. First, it is a place
known for its scenic beauty. Also, Pulau Padar offers a range of
adventure activities for the visitors. In addition, you get to visit exotic
places around the island. These features make Pulau Padar a truly
amazing place well worth a visit.

SMART, INNOVATIVE, PROFESSIONAL polije.ac.id

EXAMPLE(S)
POLITEKNIK NEGERI JEMBER

Pulau Padar is an amazing place to visit. First, it is a place known for

its scenic beauty. You can see the clear views of three warped beaches with
green hills. The scene of Pulau Padar peak is simply mesmerizing. Also, Pulau
Padar offers a range of adventure activities for the visitors. You can go
snorkeling, diving around the island. Paragliding if you can or simply sailing
with the local boat. In addition, you get to visit exotic places around the island.
You can explore Kelimutu Lake, Pulau Komodo and beautiful beaches with
white sands. These features make Pulau Padar a truly amazing place well
worth a visit.

SMART, INNOVATIVE, PROFESSIONAL polije.ac.id

THANK YOU …

Unity in Diversity