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9/29/2019 Automatic Room Lights using Arduino and PIR Sensor
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YOU ARE HERE: HOME / ARDUINO / AUTOMATIC ROOM LIGHTS USING ARDUINO AND PIR SENSOR
Automatic Room Lights using Arduino

and PIR Sensor
JANUARY 25, 2018 BY RAVI — 45 COMMENTS
In this project, we will see the Automatic Room Lights using Arduino and PIR Sensor, where
the lights in the room will automatically turn ON and OFF by detecting the presence of a
human.
Such Automatic Room Lights can be implemented in your garages, staircases, bathrooms, etc.
where we do not need continuous light but only when we are present.
https://www.electronicshub.org/automatic-room-lights-using-arduino-pir-sensor/ 1/25
___
Also, with the help of an automatic room light control system, you need not worry about
electricity as the lights get automatically o when there is no person.
So, in this DIY project, we have implemented Automatic Room Lights using Arduino and PIR
Sensor.
Table of Contents 
1. Overview
2. Circuit Diagram of Automatic Room Lights using Arduino
3. Components Required for Automatic Room Lights using Arduino
4. Component Description
4.1. PIR Sensor
4.2. Relay Module
5. Circuit Design
6. Code
7. Working of the Project

8. Applications
Overview
Automatic Room Lights System using Arduino is a very useful project as you need not worry
about turning on and o the switches every time you want to turn on the lights. The main
components of the Automatic Room Lights project are Arduino, PIR Sensor and the Relay
Module.
Out of the three components, the PIR Sensor is the one in focus as it is the main device that
helps in detecting humans and human motion.
In fact, the Automatic Room Lights project can be considered as one major application of the
PIR Sensor. A similar concept is being already implemented in automatic toilet ush valves,
hand dryers, etc.
“ Also Read: ARDUINO PIR SENSOR TUTORIAL
Circuit Diagram of Automatic Room Lights using Arduino

The following image shows the circuit diagram of the project implemented using Arduino
UNO, PIR Sensor and a Relay Module.
If you do not have a relay module, you can make one yourself using very simple hardware. The
following circuit diagram shows the project being implemented with the help of discrete
components for the Relay Module.
CAUTION: The project involves connection with 230V AC Mains (or 110V, depending on where
you live!!!). Be extremely careful when connecting the bulb and Relay to mains supply. If you
are unfamiliar with the connections, I strongly recommend having an adult supervision (or an
expert supervision).
Components Required for Automatic Room Lights using

Arduino
Arduino UNO [Buy Here]
PIR Sensor [Buy Here]
5V Relay Module (Relay Board) [Buy Here]
LED [Buy Here]
100Ω Resistor (1/4 Watt) [Buy Here]
Connecting Wires [Buy Here]
Breadboard [Buy Here]
Power Supply [Buy Here]
If you do not have a Relay Module, use the following components:
5V Relay
2N2222 (or BC547) NPN Transistor [Buy Here]
1N4007 PN Junction Diode [Buy Here]
1KΩ Resistor (1/4 Watt) [Buy Here]
Component Description
PIR Sensor
We have already seen about PIR Sensor in the PIR Motion Sensor Tutorial and also
implemented in a variety of projects like Home Security System and Automatic Door Opener.
Relay Module
A Relay Module is a very useful component as it allows Arduino, Raspberry Pi or other
Microcontrollers to control big electrical loads. We have used a 2-channel Relay Module in this
project but used only one relay in it. The relay module used in this project is shown below.
In order to control a single relay on the board, we need to use three pins of the relay module:
VCC, GND and IN1.
“ Before continuing, read How to use 5V Relay on Arduino
NOTE: The relay module used in this project is as active LOW one i.e. when the IN1 pin is HIGH,
the relay is OFF and when it is LOW, the relay is activated. This point is important while
programming the Arduino UNO.
Circuit Design
PIR Sensor’s Data OUT Pin is connected to Arduino’s Digital I/O Pin 8. An LED is connected to
pin 13 of Arduino to indicate whether the light is turned ON or OFF.
The IN1 pin of the Relay Module is connected to Pin 9 of Arduino. A bulb is connected to mains
supply through relay. One terminal of the bulb is connected to one wire of the mains supply.
The other terminal of the bulb is connected to the NO (Normally Open) contact of the Relay
Module.
COM (Common) contact of the Relay is connected to the other wire of the mains supply. Be
careful when connecting this part of the project.
Code
The code for the Automatic Room Lights using Arduino and PIR Sensor is given below.
1 int in1 = 9;
2 int sensor = 8;
3 int led = 13;
4 unsigned long t=0;
5
6 void setup()
7 {
8 Serial.begin(9600);
9 pinMode(in1, OUTPUT);
10 pinMode(sensor, INPUT);
11 pinMode(led, OUTPUT);
12
13 digitalWrite(in1,HIGH);
14 digitalWrite(led,LOW);
15
16 while(millis()<13000)
17 {
18 digitalWrite(led,HIGH);
19 delay(50);
21 delay(50);
22 }
24
25 }
26
27
28 void loop()
29 {
30 digitalWrite(in1,HIGH);
32 if(digitalRead(sensor)==HIGH)
33 {
34 t=millis();
35 while(millis()<(t+5000))
36 {
37 digitalWrite(in1,LOW);
38 digitalWrite(led,HIGH);
39 if((millis()>(t+2300))&&(digitalRead(sensor)==HIGH))
40 {
41 t=millis();
42 }
43 }
44 }
45 }
Automatic_Room_Lights_Arduino.ino hosted with by GitHub view raw
Working of the Project

The Automatic Room Lights using Arduino and PIR Sensor is a simple project, where the lights
in the room will automatically turn on upon detecting a human motion and stay turned on until
the person has left or there is no motion.
Working of this project is very simple and is explained here.
Initially, when there is no human movement, the PIR Sensor doesn’t detect any person and its
OUT pin stays LOW. As the person enters the room, the change in infrared radiation in the
room is detected by the PIR Sensor.
As a result, the output of the PIR Sensor becomes HIGH. Since the Data OUT of the PIR Sensor
is connected to Digital Pin 8 of Arduino, whenever it becomes HIGH, Arduino will activate the
relay by making the relay pin LOW (as the relay module is an active LOW module).
This will turn the Light ON. The light stays turned ON as long as there is movement in front of
the sensor.
If the person takes a nap or leaves the room, the IR Radiation will become stable (there will be
no change) and hence, the Data OUT of the PIR Sensor will become LOW. This in turn will
make the Arduino to turn OFF the relay (make the relay pin HIGH) and the room light will be
turned OFF.
Applications
I’ve already mentioned a few applications of the Automatic Room Lights concept. Some of
them are:
Garage Lights
Bathroom Lights
Hand Dryers
Toilet Flushers
Security Lights
FILED UNDER: ARDUINO, DIY PROJECTS
Comments
Amit says
January 31, 2018 at 1:34 am
I like your project.
Reply
sdf says
February 2, 2018 at 9:54 pm
me too
Reply
Gottimukkala Tarun gopal says

February 3, 2018 at 3:07 am
Can u please tell how to program arduino uno .please send the respective instructions or
related vedio to program an arduino uno.
Reply
guru says
nice project very useful as
Reply
muhd says
March 16, 2018 at 7:31 pm
excellent project
Reply
ansh says
March 20, 2018 at 5:04 am
showing an error that ‘lWrite’ was not declared in this scope
Reply
Ravi says
April 9, 2018 at 2:20 am
Sorry. It was a typing mistake. It should be digitalWrite. I’ve made the changes. Thanks
for sharing.
Reply
Jo Quaedvlieg says
April 2, 2018 at 6:32 am
Nice project, however would it not be useful to connect an light resistor, so that the light
only turn on when it’s dark?
Reply
Akhilesh says
April 17, 2018 at 5:33 am
Can we use more than one light using this curcuit or we can use only one light
Reply
Ravi says
April 17, 2018 at 6:47 am
Hi,
You can use more number of lights. Just connect a higher channel Relay (like an 8-
channel for 8 lights) and modify the code accordingly.
Reply
MUHAMMAD ARSALAN WAHID says

April 19, 2018 at 12:22 pm
Dear sir
Can u write code for 4 lights ?? I want 4 lights to control
And a ckt diagram please help me with this
Reply
shambhavi says
April 26, 2018 at 1:34 am
Is the code complete? Cause I have tried running this project on proteus and it’s not
working.
Reply
Ravi says
April 26, 2018 at 1:43 am
Yes. The code is complete and tested.
Reply
ayap says
May 3, 2018 at 1:39 am
1. if we replaced the light with small portable fan, does it work out?
2.can we use the same code for 1 chanel only for the relay module?
Reply
Ravi says
May 4, 2018 at 2:00 am
Yes and Yes.
Reply
Leslie Valmadre says

May 7, 2018 at 4:34 am
Great project Ravi, thanks.

I am however struggling to understand your use of millis() as I dont see why you have tied
the on/o to the length of time the Arduino board has been running the current program or
am I just being dumb?
Also have you any suggestions on how to change the program to delay the o signal for
say 10 (or perhaps 30) seconds after the PIR detects no motion. That way the cupborad
light where I will be using the sketch will stay on until the door is closed then turn o the
light.
Hope it is OK to ask this of you.
Les
Reply
Ronak says
May 7, 2018 at 5:55 am
can i use 12v relay for this project
Reply
Ravi says
May 7, 2018 at 5:57 am
Only 5V relay.
Reply
Fakrul Hidayat says

May 12, 2018 at 3:35 am
Actually , I tested on proteus but cannot working. But I have made connection between
Input of Relay and Output of PIR and it working. And I changes the coding from Sensor = 8,
to sensor = 9 and changes the circuit wire ofoutput sensor connect to input of relay and
connect to arduino at 8. It working. So , maybe it does not working bexause no connection
between PIR and relay . so nothing happen. Thank You
Reply
Venakta says
May 16, 2018 at 10:44 am
What is the concept of this project?
Reply
Drex says
May 27, 2018 at 12:05 pm
Another way to do this is to use an active high relay module and forget about the arduino.
Just take the output of the PIR and tie it to the 1k resistor before the 2N2222.
Reply
Ravi says
May 28, 2018 at 12:00 am
That the simplest way to implement this idea. But with Arduino (or any other controller)
you can really control the IO.
Reply
Chibuzor Henry says

April 27, 2019 at 5:12 pm
Please I need to study the operation of the project, How will I get the full materials
how will I get it.
Reply
TKabz says
June 1, 2018 at 11:51 am
nice project,i ran it and added to the application 2 more lights lighting in
sequence..application for a one way corridor..thank you..now trying to gure out how to
change or alter the sensitivity of the sensor.
Reply
Hery says
June 23, 2018 at 6:20 am
thanks for knowledge…
Reply
Piyush says
July 21, 2018 at 8:24 am
Where is the code ?
Reply
Ravi says
July 30, 2018 at 2:19 am
Hi,
Code is uploaded. Check at the bottom of the post.
Reply
ankush says
October 22, 2018 at 1:46 am
how much this cost?
Reply
Rehan shah says

August 13, 2018 at 6:09 pm
HI.
i make this project, but my PIR sensor is not working. please solve my proplem.
Thanks
Reply
Abarna says
August 15, 2018 at 11:17 am
Sir ,
How to replace a lamp with led panels (in intension on saving power) ,,with this ac supply
Reply
Rick Hodgson says

August 15, 2018 at 2:48 pm
Great project. My wife no longer complains that I leave the lights in my shop ON.
I used a At-tiny instead of the Adruino. Minor changes to the code to accommodate the
tiny.
Reply
CJ says
September 3, 2018 at 8:14 pm
How much did you invest for the project . And for what price would you sell it out in public .
Let me know . Thanks .
Reply
Elorm Rescue says

September 6, 2018 at 4:00 am
I need an improvised version, Is it possible to make it such that you load times for it to turn
o and on the lights? I want to use it for a poultry farm where I cannot be there all night to
turn on and o the lights according to a schedule. I will really appreciate your input.
Reply
Somay says
Hello sir
I m interested in this project plz suggest me how I make this and what about it’s cost and
construction plz sir
Reply
Silpa s says
How much it will cost?
Reply
Shravan M J says
I liked the project. Thank you very much for the knowledge.
Reply
Tahmid Daiyan says

the project is very nice and useful. can u plzz mention some logical usefulness of this
project plzz??
Reply
sushama says
I made connecion as per your suggestion but o/p was no come correct
i am running same code but problem for output pls help what exact problem
Reply
Jover Magto says

What if I use PIR Motion Sensor Grove? What changes should i do?
Reply
Bob-Weke says
November 15, 2018 at 6:25 pm
Thanks for this project. I will try it
Reply
Oyinlolu Odetoye says

November 21, 2018 at 8:08 am
Please, what modi cations would be necessary to implement this for a row of lights which
aren’t simply connected together…. say a system in which each light in a row turns on when
you come under it and turns o 5 seconds after you’re away from it and each of the lights
behaves that way independently of the rest? How many microcontroller or relay modules
will I need? One for each bulb(which would be too expensive)? Please I’m new to
microcontrollers so I don’t know the possibilities and limitations of the devices is why I’m
asking such a funny question. Please, I need it for a school project.
Reply
M. Sami Islam says

December 30, 2018 at 8:23 am
I like your project very much, This project help us to made automatic light controller with
pir sensor
Reply
Gopinath says
why can’t we use a 12V relay module
Reply
Chibuzor Henry says

April 28, 2019 at 3:01 pm
I like this project please how can I get the materials
Reply
arun says
May 23, 2019 at 3:31 am
hw much time it will tke to turn on or o ?
Reply
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9/29/2019 Automatic Room Lights using Arduino and PIR Sensor

HOME PROJECTS MINI PROJECTS ARDUINO FREE CIRCUITS TUTORIALS SYMBOLS

DIY COURSES CONTACT US

Automatic Room Lights using Arduino

7. Working of the Project

“ Also Read: ARDUINO PIR SENSOR TUTORIAL

Circuit Diagram of Automatic Room Lights using Arduino

components for the Relay Module.

Components Required for Automatic Room Lights using

If you do not have a Relay Module, use the following components:

“ Before continuing, read How to use 5V Relay on Arduino

3 int led = 13;

4 unsigned long t=0;

Automatic_Room_Lights_Arduino.ino hosted with by GitHub view raw

Working of the Project

Working of this project is very simple and is explained here.

FILED UNDER: ARDUINO, DIY PROJECTS

I like your project.

Gottimukkala Tarun gopal says

nice project very useful as

showing an error that ‘lWrite’ was not declared in this scope

MUHAMMAD ARSALAN WAHID says

Yes. The code is complete and tested.

Yes and Yes.

Leslie Valmadre says

Great project Ravi, thanks.

can i use 12v relay for this project

Fakrul Hidayat says

What is the concept of this project?

Chibuzor Henry says

thanks for knowledge…

Where is the code ?

how much this cost?

Rehan shah says

August 13, 2018 at 6:09 pm

Rick Hodgson says

Elorm Rescue says

How much it will cost?

Tahmid Daiyan says

Jover Magto says

Thanks for this project. I will try it

Oyinlolu Odetoye says

M. Sami Islam says

why can’t we use a 12V relay module

Chibuzor Henry says

I like this project please how can I get the materials

hw much time it will tke to turn on or o ?

Search this website

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automatic room light using pir sensor

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