Chapter 1

THE PROBLEM AND THE REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Background of the Study

Study habit is; buying out

a dedicated scheduled and
un-interrupted time to
apply one‟s self to the
task of
learning. Without it, one
does not grow and becomes
self –limiting in life. Study
habits tell a person that how
much
he will learn and how far he
wants to go, and how much
he wants to earn. These all
could be decided with the
help
of one‟s study habits,
throughout the life.
Education plays a vital role in the development of a learner. The

acquisition of new knowledge, information and the way one responds to the

learning environment makes him a holistic learner. It must be uncalculated in our

minds that one of the purposes of education is to train learners on how to

formulate solutions to problems, how to grow independently, how to apply what

they learned inside the classroom in their real life situations, and how to

understand things and make them useful to one’s life. Perhaps study habits tell a

person that how much he or she will learn and how far he or she wants to go

beyond how much he or she wants to earn. In which according to (Palani, 2012)

reading habit is an essential and important aspect for creating a literate society in

this world. It shapes the personality of individuals and it helps them to develop

proper thinking method, and creates new ideas.

Although as the year level of students in school becomes higher, their

study habits differ from time to time. The kind of study habits they have shows the

differences or improvements in how they become skilled and earnest about

learning new things. Studying does not only include the preparation of students to

excel in class but also the reinforcements of the lessons already taught. According

to (Gupta, 2010) truly, it plays a very important role on their academic

performance. Likewise gives them a more focused on how the specific behaviours

related to their studies influenced study habits.

 Furthermore students performance play an important role in producing

the best quality graduates who will become great leaders and manpower for a

country thus responsible for the country economic and social development.

Students performance occupies a very important place in education as well as in

the learning process (Ali et al., 2009). It has long been recognized that in the

process of learning the study habits of the student plays an important role in their

academic performance. Fortunately, learning is reflected in the way a student

respond to environment, social, emotional and physical stimuli and understand

new information.

Additionally, study habits are learning tendencies that enable students to

work privately. (Asikiwe, 2007) describe the study habits as “ the adopted way and

manner a sudent plans his or her private readings. According to her, “ good study

habits are good assets to learners because the habits, assist students to attain

mastery in area of specialization and consequent excellent performance.

However, study habits also important as they influence the academic

performance of students. The students way of study whether systematic or

effecient going by this literally means that good study habit produces positive

academic performance.

The objectives of this study is to determine the study habits and

academic performance of grade 12 STEM students and to obtain who have

developed a study habits and those who do not have study habits.

Review of Related Literature

 This part of the study will be discussing the relevant literature

connected to the study habits and academic performance of grade 12 STEM

students in Agusan National High School-Senior High School. These critique are

being related to some studies that were fully published with respected authors.

Training in study habits increases academic achievement of children

(Garrison, 1980). This means that having a proper and good study habit may

influence to have a good academic achievement.

(Premalakshmi, 2012) conducted a study on the study habits and

academic achievement of higher secondary students. It stated that the variable,

study habits, is contributing to the academic achievement of children. Study

habits is an individual capacity. A few kids jump at chance to peruse alone, some

need to peruse in a group. Some children read so anyone might hear and some

read noiselessly. It may defines as “strategies of a work”, in which the children do

different types of study habits. It may be note-taking, building vocabulary, writing

term papers and taking examination. Study habit is one of the factors that get

the students to have a brighter academic achievement of students.

Development of a good study is an art (Premalakshmi, 2012). The first

step to have a good academic achievement is to formulate a regular study habit.

Children practice themselves at home and in school in order to have a good

study habits. They should be guided properl. Through the help of the parents and

teachers, the children would strengthen their ability to study and to contribute

positively to the aspects of learning.

 (Premalakshmi, 2012) stated that the students of government do not

get a proper attention from their parents, teachers, and peers.So, especial care

should be given to the students to have a better understanding. The students

attain a good study habits to have a good academic achievement and to have a

brighter future.

Students academic performance occupies a very important place in

education as well as in the learning process. It is considered as a key criterion to

judge one’s total potentialities and capacities (Nuthana & Yenagi, 2009) which

are frequently measured by the examination results. It is used to pass judgment

on the quality of education offered by the academic institutions. In fact, it is still

the most topical debate in higher learning institutions that caused great concern

to educators and researchers due to the alarming examination performance of

students.

Its says that the understudy’s scholarly execution possesses a vital

place in training and also in the learning procedure. It is consedered as the key

basis to judge one’s agregate possibilities and limits which are every now and

again measured by the examination comes about. It is utilized to condemn the

nature of instruction offered by scholastic foundations. Truth be told, it is as yet

the most topical civil argument in higher learning organizations that made

awesome concern teachers and specialists because of the disturbing

examination execution of understudies. Productive investigation propensities are

related with a great demeanor toward learning in general. Study propensity is the
example of conduct received by understudies in the quest for their examinations

that fills in as the vehicle of learning.

(Darling, 2005), utilized GPA to gauge understudy execution because

the primary concentration in the study execution for the specific semester. In her

broadly referred to paper, (Romer, 1993) is one of the initial couple of creatures

to investigate the connection between understudy participation and exam

execution.

This social help has a critical part for the achievement of execution

objectives of understudies at school (Goddard, 2003). Other than the social

structure, parents involvement in their kids instruction builds the rate of scholarly

accomplishment of their youngster (Hughes, 1995).

The “Study Habits Inventory” , developed by (Sharma, 1989) was

used to spread awareness to the teachers, students and parents that certain

habits of study are good and helpful for the better achievement. “Study Habits

Inventory” is an instrument designed to measure study habits which include

budgeting time, physical conditions for study, reading ability, note taking, factors

in learning motivation, memory, taking examinations which includes preparation

for examinations and use of examination results and health.

Statement of the Problem

The study aimed to determine the study habits and academic

performance of grade 12 STEM students in Agusan National High School-Senior

High School. Specifically, the study sought to answer the following research

problems:

1. What is the level of discription of the study habits of top 20 and bottom 20

grade 12 STEM students in terms of:

A. Review Time

B. Place of Review

C. Technique in Studying

2. What is the academic performance of the top 20 and bottom 20 grade 12

STEM students in terms of their grade?

3. Is there a significant difference between the study habits and the academic

performance of the top 20 and bottom 20 grade 12 STEM students?

Hypothesis

The study habits and academic performance of the top 20 and bottom

20 grade 12 STEM students have no significant different.

Significance and Importance of the Study

 The essence of this study is to determine the compare the study

habits and academic performance of grade 12 STEM students and to benefit the

following:

Grade 12 Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM).

Through this study, STEM students can gain awareness and better

understanding about the importance and the relationship between study habits

and academic performance. In the same way, it gives them a more focused and

precise perspective on how specific behaviors related to their studies infuenced

studies habit.

Students: Through this study, a students will gain insights about the effect of a

good study habits to the academic performance of the students.

Other Researchers: Knowing the percentage of a students who has a good

study habits and academic performance, other researchers can compose a study

on the factors that could affect the study habits of a students or the factors that

affect the academic performance of the students. This study may also serve as a

resource material for others who wish to carry out research in related field.

School: Having knowledge about the importance of the study habits to the

academic performance of the students, they can conduct seminars to encourage

the students to have a good study habits in order to have a good academic

performance.

Scope and Limitation of the Study

 The study will be focuse on the study habits and academic performance of

grade 12 STEM students in Agusan National High School-Senior High School.

The researchers gathered data specifically to all grade 12 STEM students in

Agusan National High School-Senior High School. They distribute questionnaire

items to more than (200) respondents both male and female.

Definition of Terms

The following terms are defined theoretically as to understand each of terms

hath given.

Academic Performance – refers to the effeciency to the grade12 STEM

students by looking at their grade 11 average grade.

Grade 12 Senior High School Selected Students – refers to all the grade 12

STEM students in the first semister of school year 2018-2019.

Study Habits – refers to the act of gaining information in a regular basis of the

grade 12 STEM students.

Theoretical and Conceptual Framework

This study will be anchore by a theory which is the social cognitive theory

appear relevant and been used to guide research relative to study habits and

academic performance of the students. According to (Pagaspas, 2008), social-

cognitive framework, people learn from a variety experiences, including their

own, and by observing the behavior of other people. Therefore, students who has

a good study habits is the best impact to their academic performance.

 Independent Variable Dependent Variable

Academic

Study Habits Performance of the

Students

Figure 1. Research Paradigm of the Study

The figure 1 shows the relationship between the dependent and independent

variables. A straight line will be use to connect both interrelated variables.

CHAPTER 2

METHOD
 This chapter will highlight the related literature and studies that are composed

of different parts such as: research design, research respondent, research

instrument, research procedure, research treatment of data.

Research Design

The study will be quantitative in nature through the use of descriptive-

comparative survey design where they consider two variables (not manipulated)

and stablishes a formal procedure to compare and conclude the one is better

than the other significant difference exists. The quantitative research approach

on the other hand focus on proving or disproving hypotheses in a cause-effect

manner by means of taking a close look at pre-defined variables

(Simangca,2008). The study used a survey questionnaire to solicit information,

from the selected sample of respondents, on their study and academic

performance.
Figure 2. Map of Butuan City locating one area for conducting the research study

in Agusan National High School.

The Respondents

The researchers conduct the study in the selected urban area of Butuan City

at Agusan National High School. The researchers selected two-hundred (200)

respondents both male and female. They were given research questionnaire and

confidentiality for the voluntary involvement of the study will be assure.

Table 1. Total Respondents of the Population

Location (Butuan City) Number

51
Newton
49
Euclid
50
Heisenberg
50
Larange
Total 200

Research Instrument

According to Sally and Pagaspas (2006:348), a questionnaire is a printed

self-report form designed to elicit information that can be obtained through the

written responses of the subjects. The research tool will be use in this study was

a survey questionnaire entitled “Study Habits and Academic Performance of

grade 12 STEM students in Agusan National High School-Senior High School.

The tool had been validated and had high reliability indices. The questionnaire

comprised of close ended questions whether the respondents agree or disagree.

The responses were either in the form of liker type scales where the respondents

was asked to indicate the extent to which they agree or disagreed with certain

statements and true or false as a measurement of the respondents knowledge.

Research Procedure
 In gathering of the data, the researchers send first a permission latter to the

six (4) section that we selected in Agusan National High School. The participants

were then asked voluntarily for their involvement in the study. If they say yes or

allow the researchers to be their participants the researchers then distributed the

questionnaires to the participants. In case of questions the researchers collected

the questionnaires after the participants answered. In gathering the participants,

the researchers will be use the Quota Sampling Procedure. The sampling

procedure was used to collect the same proportion of individuals as the entire

population with confidentiality for their voluntary participation. The sample size

will be derived by distributing the research questionnaires to the participants. The

participants will be identified as our respondents.

Research Treatment of Data

All scores were tabulated in Microsoft Excel. Data was then sorted

accordingly to study habits and academic performance of the students. The total

scores that the respondents attained were placed in two-column table in

preparation for the conduct of T-Testing. The data were subjected to T-Test: Two-

Sample Assuming Equal Variances using Microsoft Excel whether study habits

and academic performance.