1.

In the relational model, cardinality is termed as:

(A) A number of tuples. (B) A number of attributes.
(C) A number of tables. (D) A number of constraints.
2. Relational calculus is a
(A) Procedural language. (B) Non- Procedural language.
(C) Data definition language. (D) High-level language
3. Cartesian product in relational algebra is
(A) a Unary operator. (B) a Binary operator.
(C) a Ternary operator. (D) not defined.
4. ‘AS’ clause is used in SQL for
(A) Selection operation. (B) Rename operation.
(C) Join operation. (D) Projection operation

5. Architecture of the database can be viewed as

(A) two levels. (B) four levels.
(C) three levels. (D) one level.
6. The database schema is written in
(A) HLL (B) DML
(C) DDL (D) DCL
7. In Hierarchical model records are organised as
(A) Graph. (B) List.
(C) Links. (D) Tree.

8. The language used in application programs to request data from

the DBMS is referred to as the
(A) DML (B) DDL
(C) VDL (D) SDL

9. A report generator is used to

(A) update files. (B) print files on paper.
(C) data entry. (D) delete files.

10.The property/properties of a database is/are:

(A) It is an integrated collection of logically related records.
(B) It consolidates separate files into a common pool of data records.
(C) Data stored in a database is independent of the application programs using
it.
(D) All of the above.
 11.A subschema expresses
(A) the logical view. (B) the physical view.
(C) the external view. (D) all of the above.
12. Transaction processing is associated with everything below
except
(A) producing detail, summary, or exception reports.
(B) recording a business activity.
(C) confirming an action or triggering a response.
(D) maintaining data.
13. The method of access which uses key transformation is known as
(A) direct. (B) hash.
(C) random. (D) sequential

14.The statement in SQL which allows changing the definition of a

table is
(A) Alter. (B) Update.
(C) Create. (D) select

15. SET concept is used in:

(A) Network Model
(B) Hierarchical Model
(C) Relational Model
(D) None of these

16. Which database level is closest to the users?

(A) External (B) Internal
(C) Physical (D) Conceptual

17.Which of the following is another name for the weak entity?

(A) Child (B) Owner
(C) Dominant (D) All of the above
18. A data dictionary is a special file that contains:
(A) The name of all fields in all files.
(B) The width of all fields in all files.
(C) The data type of all fields in all files.
(D) All of the above.
19.In E-R Diagram derived attribute is represented by
(A) Ellipse (B) Dashed ellipse
(C) Rectangle (D) Triangle
20.An instance of relational schema R (A, B, C) has distinct values of A,
including NULL values. Which one of the following is true?
(A) A is a candidate key (B) A is not a candidate key
(C) A is a primary Key (D) Both (A) and (C)
21.The natural join is equal to:
(A) Cartesian Product
(B) Combination of Union and Cartesian product
(C) Combination of selection and Cartesian product
(D) Combination of projection and Cartesian product

22. Which of the following is true about SQL joins?

A - The join condition is not separated from other search conditions in a query.
B - The ON clause makes code difficult to understand.
C - The join condition for natural join is basically an equijoin of all columns with same name.
D - None of the above.
23. Which of the following statements allows William to change his database user account
password to bill?
A - create user william identified by bill;
B - alter user william identified by bill
C - create user william password bill;
D - alter user william password bill;

24. Which statement is wrong about PRIMARY KEY constraint in SQL?

A. The PRIMARY KEY uniquely identifies each record in a SQL database table
B. Primary key can be made based on multiple columns
C. Primary key must be made of any single columns
D. Primary keys must contain UNIQUE values
25.In existing table, ALTER TABLE statement is used to
E. Add columns
F. Add constraints
G. Delete columns
H. Delete constrains
I. All of the above
26.SQL Query to delete all rows in a table without deleting the table
(structure, attributes, and indexes)
A. DELETE FROM table_name;
B. DELETE TABLE table_name;
C. DROP TABLE table_name;
D. NONE
27. Correct syntax query syntax to drop a column from a table is
E. DELETE COLUMN column_name;
F. DROP COLUMN column_name;
G. ALTER TABLE table_name DROP COLUMN column_name;
H. None is correct
28. If you want to allow age of a person > 18 in the column Age of table
Person, then which constraint will be applied to AGE column.
I. Default
J. Check
K. NOT NULL
L. None

29. In a table, a column contains duplicate value, if you want to list all
different value only, then which SQL clause is used?
A. SQL DISTINCT
B. SQL UNIQUE
C. SQL BETWEEN
D. SQL Exists

30.To specify the number of records to return, which keyword is used

A. FIRST
B. TOP
C. START
D. ROW

31.To search for a specified pattern in a column

A. SQL MATCH
B. SQL LIKE
C. SQL PATTERN
D. SQL SEARCH
32.Which clause is used to combine rows from two or more tables based on
a related column between them.
A. SQL MATCH
B. SQL JOIN
C. SQL PATTERN
D. NONE

33.To combine the result-set of two or more SELECT statements, SQL clause
used is
A. SQL UNION
B. SQL JOIN
C. SQL GROUP BY
D. NONE

34.Correct SQL query syntax to update a record from a table is

A. UPDATE table_name
SET column1 = value1, column2 = value2, …
WHERE condition;
A. UPDATE table_name
SET column1 = value1, column2 = value2, …
WHERE condition;
B. UPDATE table_name
UPDATE column1 = value1, column2 = value2, …
WHERE condition;
C. UPDATE table_name
column1 = value1, column2 = value2, …
WHERE condition;
35. Which is called as a virtual table in SQL?
A. INNER JOIN
B. JOIN
C. VIEW
D. NONE