Introduction

Management functions lay out a systematic way of doing things. Management is a process to
emphasize that all managers, irrespective of their aptitude or skill, engage in some inter-
related functions in order to achieve their desired goals. The four functions of management
are Planning, organizing, leading, and controlling; which works as a continuous process. First
of all managers must set a plan, then organize resources according to the plan, lead
employees to work towards the plan, and finally, control everything by monitoring and
measuring the effectiveness of the plan. But there are some on-going issues related to these
functions which hamper the effective implementation of these functions. This paper will start
with the detail discussion of each management function & its significance followed by the
related issues.

Planning

Planning is the way toward deciding ahead of time what ought to be practiced, when, by
whom, how, and at what cost. Irrespective of whether it is a long term planning need or
arranging a two-hour meeting, the planning part has a significant contribution in achievement
and profitability of any organization. Planning is the way toward deciding the association's
objectives and goals and making the arrangements for their accomplishment. It includes
picking a strategy from accessible choices.

Planning is the way toward deciding authoritative points, creating premises about the present
condition, choosing the strategy, starting exercises required to change plans without
hesitation, and assessing the result. The sorts of planning that managers participate in will
rely upon their level in the association and on the size and kind of the association. Planning
can be categorised under four types: strategic, tactical, contingency, and managerial. Strategic
planning normally happens at the top administration level. Tactical planning is all about
executing the key plans and involves middle and lower management. Contingency planning
envisions potential issues or changes that may happen later on and gets ready to manage them
successfully as they emerge (Taylor, 1979). Managerial planning encourages in consolidating
assets to satisfy the general destinations of the augmentation association.

Planning is future oriented, envisioning issues, and envisioning achievement. In simple terms,
planning is fundamental for any individual who needs to endure. The elements of all other
management functions are methods for completing the choices of planning. Formal planning
empowers supervisors to think about the future, to set needs, to empower innovativeness, to
set clear goals, and to estimate the future regarding foreseen issues and political substances.

Regularly an association is arranged with the development of an association outline, whereby

the different divisions and their separate head are shaped to perform and execute their
obligations and duties in like manner. Issues emerging all through the planning procedure are
the arrangement of every division so as to suit the idea of business, in this way, the choice of
the appropriate contender for each position and errand is imperative to each office in an
organization, it can impact the entire execution of an association. The distinction of
assessment among board and the executives is a typical issue which additionally shows up in
the association.

Another trouble that has significant hugeness in planning is the confrontation,

noncompliance, discipline among representatives. This will cause negative mentality among
the staff, for example, inertness, de-admonished and not persuaded.

Organizing

Organizing comes straightaway after the key planning is done. Organizing is the way toward
building up formal connections among individuals and assets so as to arrive at explicit
objectives and destinations. The procedure, depends on five organizing standards: unity of
command, span of control, delegation of authority, homogeneous assignment, and flexibility.

In any organizing exertion, administrators must pick a proper structure. Hierarchical structure
is spoken to fundamentally by an authoritative outline. It determines who is to do what and
how it will be practiced. This stage gives bearings to accomplish the planned results. There
are a few perspectives to organizing - time, structures, hierarchy of leadership, level of
centralization, and job particular.

As explained by Elton Mayo, he encourages administrators to manage enthusiastic needs of

representatives at work. This is supposing that the supervisors focus on the representatives,
the workers will appreciate with the group, and so as to build the profitability. (Moore, Mayo
& Whyte, 1947)

Leading

Leadership is characterized as a way toward affecting others to participate in work conduct

that would prompt the accomplishment of objectives as defined in the Encyclopaedia of
business. A fruitful pioneer must give guidance and administration to inspire his
representatives to achieve basic undertakings inside the necessary time period. Manager
needs to set successful approaches and define systems to improve association's general
execution and viability.