Mayor Chanyungco Street, Sta. Elena, Marikina City 1800: Bachelor of Technical Teacher Education

MARIKINA POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE
#2Mayor Chanyungco Street, Sta. Elena, Marikina City 1800

Bachelor of Technical Teacher Education
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
This chapter presents the background of the study, the
statement of the problem, the significance of the study and
its scope and delimitation of the study.
1.1 Background of the study
In the modern society, most of the people are heavily
rellying on information technologies, computers, and
electronic devices which become very useful to us. These
technologies and devices help us in our everyday lives,
making things easier and promote a quality kind of living.
Due to this, the consumption of electronic devices has a
parallel effect to its rapid increase of demand.
In today‟s generation, 89% of young adults ages 18-29
have their own smart phones while the older generation
owned Video Cassette Recorders (VCR‟s) at the same age,
having only 41% (Gallup poll, 2014). Which only signifies
the high partronization and consumption of technology
devices. However, the increase of comsumption and the
demand of the electronic devices lead to the increase of

the production of the electronic devices which results to
the rapid growth of electronic waste or also known as E –
waste. According to the report of United Nations
Environment Program entitled “Waste Crisis”, electronic
devices such as smart phones and computers are expected to
be wasted in 2017, reaching up to 50 million tons of E-
wastes compared in 2015 which has only 41 million tons of
E-wastes, making a 20% of increase. Which is a very
alarming issue, concerning on the environmental, health and
economical factor that this E-waste will affect.
Globally, Asia is the top contributor continent to the
stock of E-waste(Baldé et al. 2015).Between 2010 – 2015, 13
million of electronics were discarded in the 12 countries
of Asia namely Cambodia, China, Hongkong, Indonesia, Japan,
Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan,
Thailand and Vietnam. Among the all country aforelisted,
China is the most contributor, accounted for almost half of
the totalon the other hand Honkong had the highest level of
e – waste per capita of 47.8 pounds together with Singapore
and Taiwan with 41.9 pounds per person, while Cambodia,
Philippines and Vietnam has low generation of E – wastes
with only 3 pounds per person(Honda et al. 2016).

Eventhough it is low, it may still cause hazards due to the
exposure on toxic chemical present in the electronic
devices (Mercury, Lead, etc.)
Department of Environment and Natural Resources(DENR)
implemented law that are concerned in the e-waste
management. This policy was concerned in protecting the
human health and environment by regulating the importation,
use and proper disposal of chemicals this law was known as
Administrative Order No. 2013-22 or “(Revise DAO 2004-36)”
the Guidelines on the Environmentally Sound Management(ESM)
of Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE).
1.2 Statement of the Problem
This study attempted to determine the extent of the
implementation of E-waste management in Marikina
Polytechnic College and its effect to the students and
teachers. Specifically, This study sought to answer the
following questions:
1. Are the students and teachers of the MPC aware of the
E-waste base of the following aspects?
a. Understanding E-waste
b. Chemical Components and its Effect
c. E-waste management Disposal
2. Does this study can help improved the implementation
of policy on e-waste management?
3. Is there any significant difference between the
extents of implementation of E-waste management as
percieved by the two groups of respondents?
1.3. Significance of the Study
The importance of this study “Extent of Implementation
of E-waste Management in MPC: Basis for developing policy
on electronic waste” is to help reduce the E-waste on
society using proper e-waste treatment. Not only humans
will benefit in the study but also the environment.
To Students- the proposed study will give deeper knowledge
about E-waste and proper disposal of E-waste.
To Teachers- the proposed study will become guide for
deeper understanding about E-waste and may serve as a basis
for developing policy.

To the Environment- the proposed study may benefit the
environment because E-waste have many toxic chemicals that
can cause harm. Having a policy that can help reduce E-
waste will be a great help to the environment. Besides, a
simple policy may be the start, because great things start
with a simple one.
To Future Teachers- the proposed study will help the Future
Teachers or it may become a guide for future researches.
The study is open for developing other researches than can
help conserve the environment and protect human for the
chemicals that were present to E-wastes. The study may open
the minds of future teachers and researchers and can be
enlightened to influence others.
1.4. Scope and Delimitation
The main focus of the study is to determine the extent
of implementation of E-waste management in life that can be
a basis for developing policy on E-waste during the year
2017. The researchers limited the research to Marikina
Polytechnic College community, including teachers and
students.
CHAPTER II
CONCEPTUAL OR THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
This chapter presents the review of realted literature
and studies, conceptual model of the study, and definition
of terms used in study.
2.1. Review of Related Literature and Studies
As population comes to a continuous increase, the
consumption also increases. The increase in demand for
waste concentration is of least priority. There was a great
arose for adequate treatment and disposal of E-waste by
man.
Legislation was introduced on a local and national
basis in many countries in order to deal with the wastes,
and potential threat to human health. For example,
throughout the latter half of the nineteenth century, a
series of Nuisance Removal and disease Prevention Acts were
introduced in the United Kingdom which empowered local
authorities to set up teams of inspectors to deal with
offensive trades and to control pollution within city
limits. The Public Health Acts of 1875 and 1936 reinforced
the Acts, which covered a range of measures some of which

were associated with the management and disposal of waste.
The 1875 Act placed a duty on local authorities to arrange
for the removal and disposal of waste. The 1936 Act
introduced regulation to control the disposal of waste into
water and defined the statutory nuisance associated with
any trade, business, manufacture or process which might
lead to degradation of health or of the neighbourhood.
(British Medical Association 1991; Reeds 1994; Clap 1994)
According to (British Medical Association 1991) the
First and Second World Wars and the interwar periods saw a
rise in waste reclamation, and waste regulation and the
environment became a less important issue. The general
public and legislature has not seen waste treatment and
disposal as a priority environmental issue, and little was
done to regulate the disposal of waste. However, a series
of incidents led to increasing awareness of the importance
of waste management and the need for a more stringent
legislative control of waste. In 1992, amongst the most
notorious incidents were the discovery of drums of toxic
cyanide waste dumped indiscriminately on a site used as a
children‟s playground near Nuneaton in the UK, leaking of
leachate and toxic vapours into a housing development at

the Love Canal, New York State in 1997, the dumping of 3000
tonnes of arsenic and cyanide waste into a lake in Germany
in 1971, and the leak of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)
into rice oil in Japan in 1968, the „Yusho‟ incident.
A series of Directives and Programmes into a strategy
concerning the treatment of waste has developed from the
approach of the European Union and its member states for
the management of waste, which has the key objectives of
minimising the amount of waste that is produced and to
minimise any risk of pollution of the environment.(Waste
Treatment and Disposal, 2005)
According to the (European Commission 2003) each year
throughout Europe, there was an estimation of about 62
million tonnes of hazardous wastes are generated.
If disposal protocols were not meticulously managed,
Electronic waste, which is one of the fastest growing
pollution problems worldwide, can contaminate the
environment and threaten human health given the presence of
a variety of toxic substances (Kiddie et. al, 2013)
According to (The Global Cost of Electronic waste,
2016)E-waste processing facilities conditions were

dire.Devices must be laboriously manually sorted and then
disassembled. Moreover, hazardous materials like mercury,
lead, silver and flame retardants were all contained in
used electronic devices.
Studies
One of the components of the pollution prevention hierarchy
is waste dsposal. It is the last level of hierarchy , to
where residues or by-products from various treatments that
need to be properly disposed of.(Ramos, 2005)
Taking consideration on the various factors that affect the
overall siting development , particularly in the final
disposal of wastes require a consultative process in order
to address the emerging concern.Siting development requires
a multi-sectoral consultation to meet the desired objective
to dispose Toxic and Hazardous Wastes (THWs) in an accepted
and environmentally-safe location. In addition, for safe
surface disposal infastructure development, proper disposal
siting contributes in the overall physical planning and
management towards an effective delineation of land
resources.(Ramos, R.,2005)
10
2.2. Conceptual Framework
The conceptual model of the study that guided the
researchers in the conduct of the study are shown in the
following paradigm:
Survey Request Letter in

conducting the
Questionnaire
research
Reliability and
Validity check
Approval of the
Conduction of Request Letter
Survey to conduct the
research
Gathering Data
Interpretation of
Data
Results and
Feedback
11
2.3. Null Hypotheses
On the basis of the statement of the problem and the
research framework, the hypotheses the researchers formed
for the study were the following:
1. There was no significant difference between the
extent of implementation of E-waste management as
perceived by the two groups of respondents.
2. There was a significant relationship between the
extent of implementation of E-waste management and
the student‟s factor.
3. There was a significant relationship between the
extent of implementation of E-waste management and
the monetary of the institution.
2.4. Definitions of terms and variables
Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE)-the term
was used to describe an old, discarded appliances which
uses electricity. It includes computers, consumer
electronics, fridges, etc., which have been disposed of by
their original users.

12
Electronic Waste- or E-waste, is a widely used short term
for WEEE.
Hazardous waste- a waste with properties that make it
potentially dangerous or harmful to human health or the
environment. It can be in the form of liquids, solids, or
contained gases. It can also possibly be the by-products of
manufacturing processes, discarded used materials, or
discarded un used commercial products.
Nuisance- a thing that is annoying that causes trouble or
problem
13
CHAPTER III
RESEARCH DESIGN
This chapter presents the methods of research, sources
of data, data gathering instuments, data gathering
procedure, and statistical technic of data.
3.1.Methods of Research used in the study
The study used quantitative method of research, to
determine the relationship between three variables with the
primary goal to analyze and represent that relationship
mathematically through statistical analysis.
3.2. Sources of Data
The sources of data were the two group of respondents
– the students, and the teachers and administration in the
Marikina Polytechnic College community. 60 from students,
10 from teachers, for total of 70 respondents.
The target respondents were chosen considering the
whole community of Marikina Polytechnic College (MPC) that
may benefit from the research. Each were ennlightened and
gained awareness of the Electronic wastes present in MPC.

14
3.3. Data Gathering Instruments
A survey questionnaire was constructed as the data
gathering instrument. The questionnaire was administered to
students and teachers in the Marikina Polytechnic College
community. The questionnaire was divided into three aspects
regarding E-wastes – Understanding, Chemical Components,
and Disposal of E-waste materials.

15
September 14, 2017
Dear Respondent,
The undersigned are students of Bachelor of Technical Teacher Education major in

Physics for Technology of the college currently enrolled in PHY 416(Special Research).
One of the requirements of the said subject is to conduct a research relative to
Education and Science and Technology. The working title of thesis is “EXTENT OF
IMPLEMENTATION O E-WASTE MANAGEMENT IN MPC: BASIS FOR DEVELOPING
POLICY ON ELECTRONIC WASTE
The objective of our research paper is to determine the awareness of Marikina

Polytechnic College community in electronic waste management. Specifically, it sought
to attain the following objectives:
1. identify the possible effects of E-waste on humans and in the

environment;
2. identify the impact of proper disposal of E-waste in the community and;
3. know the possibility of creating a policy to be implemented regarding
electronic waste management.
Thank you very much for your cooperation and God bless.
Sincerely yours,
FULGUERINAS, KENNETH C. JUGANAS, JESS ALFRED A.

Researcher Researcher
GALBAN, EPHRAIM JOHN A. TAN, MARIA YZABELLE ALVINA C.

Researcher Researcher
MANGAMPO, AMBERLY V.
Researcher
16
Questionnaire
Name(optional):_______________________________________
Student: Teacher:
Please rate by checking (/) the cell that corresponds to your answer with regards
to electronic waste using the scale:
4 - Highly aware 2 – Slightly aware

3 - Aware 1 – Not aware
Criteria 4 3 2 1
A. Understanding
1. Electronic waste (discarded electrical or
electronic devices).
2. 3 R’s in waste management (Reuse,Reduce,Recycle)
3. Laws implemented pertaining to E-waste.
4. Chemical composition on electronic devices.
5. Local programs about E-waste management.
B. Chemical components and Effects
1. 10 grams of lead can contaminate 25 tons of soil.
2. CFC gas in refrigerators can cause the depletion of ozone
layer.
3. Mercury in fluorescent lamps makes 30 liters of water
unusable.
4. Batteries of mobile phones have lead that can affect our
nervous system.
5. The carcinogenic phosphorus found in monitor known as CTR
C. Disposal of E-waste materials
1. Acid Bath (soaking of the electronic circuits in the
powerful sulphuric, hydrochloric or nitric acid solutions).
2. Backyard dumping
3. Direct fire
4. Reuse of electronic devices (second hand product).
5. Recycling of electronic waste into new device.
17
3.4. Procedure
A survey questionnaire was constructed by the
researcher and validated by the teachers.
The survey has been administered to the two groups of
respondents, that served as the sources of data. The data
gathered were tallied, analyzed, and interpreted.
3.5. Statistical Techniques Used
The responses of the respondents were statistically
treated by (1) Mean to determine the level of awareness of
the respondents about the extent of implementation of
electronic waste management, (2) independent T-test to
determine the significant difference between the awareness
in the extent of implementation of e-waste management in
teachers and students.

18
CHAPTER IV
PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
This chapter presents the presentation, analysis of
data, and interpretation of data.
Cluster A
Table 1 Cluster A-Understanding (Using T-Test)
No. of T Df p Mean Std. Error

Respondents Difference Difference
70 1.322 68 .191 0.3033 0.22701
Using Weighted Mean
Respondents Computed Mean
Student: 60 2.60
Teacher: 10 2.90
In table 1, the mean was computed to determine the
respondent‟s knowledge about e-waste. The computed mean for
the two sets of respondents, teachers and students, were
2.90 and 2.60, respectively. After the mean has computed,

19
the P-value followed which resulted to 0.191. It shows that
there was no significant difference. This means that both
of the set of respondents have knowledge about e-waste,
regardless of their category.
Cluster B
Table 2 Cluster B-Chemical compositions
No. of t dF P Mean Std. Error

70 2.760 68 0.007 0.62667 0.22071
Using Weighted Mean
Student: 60 2.33
Teacher: 10 2.96
respondent‟s knowledge about chemical compositions of e-
waste materials. The computed mean in table 2 of variable B
for teachers is 2.96 and 2.33 for students. The computed P-
value is 0.007, which means that there is a significant
difference for both sets of respondents. This means that

20
teachers are more aware about the chemical composition of
e-waste materials than the students.
Cluster C
Table 3 Cluster C- Disposal of E-waste materials
No. of T dF P Mean Std. Error

70 3.259 68 0.02 0.81667 0.25060
Using Weighted Mean
Student: 60 2.48
Teacher: 10 3.30
respondent‟s knowledge about the proper disposal of E-waste
materials. The computed mean for the two sets of
respondents, teachers and students were 3.30 and 2.48
respectively. The computed P-value is 0.02, which means
that there is a significant difference for both sets of
respondents. This means that teachers are more aware about
the proper disposal of E-waste materials than the students.

21
CHAPTER V
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
This chapter presents the summary, conclusion and
recommendation of the study.
Summary
This study attempts to determine the extent of the
implementation of E-waste management in Marikina
Polytechnic College and its effect to the students and
teachers. Specifically, This study sought to answer the
following questions:
1. Are the students and teachers of the MPC aware of the
E-waste base of the following aspects?
a. Understanding E-waste
b. Chemical Components and its Effect
c. E-waste management Disposal
2. Does the health factor of the students get affected by
the presence of E-waste?
3. Is there any significant difference between the
extents of implementation of E-waste management as
perceived by the two groups of respondents?

22
Null Hypothesis
The result of the data gathered showed that there was
no significant difference between the extent of
implementation of E-waste management as perceived by the
two groups of respondents.
The study used quantitative method of research, to
determine the relationship between the three variables with
the primary goal to analyze and represent that relationship
mathematically through statistical analysis.
A letter was passed to the administration office and
office, allowing the conduction of the research upon
approval. At the same time, a survey questionnaire have
been formulated and validated.
The survey has been administered to the two groups of
respondents, that served as the sources of data. The data
gathered were tallied, analyzed, and interpreted.
A survey questionnaire was constructed as the data
gathering instrument. The questionnaire was administered to
students and teachers in the Marikina Polytechnic College
community. The questionnaire was divided into three aspects

23
regarding E-wastes – Understanding, Chemical Components,
and Disposal of E-waste materials.
Conclusion
Based on the findings of the study, the following
conclusions arrived:
1. In terms of knowledge about E-waste, the teachers and
the students have the same insights.
2. The teachers are more knowledgeable about the chemical
composition of e-waste while the students were not.
3. In disposing the e-waste materials, the researchers
would say that teachers are more educated while the
students were not.
4. The teachers of MPC are aware about the ongoing e-
waste now a days while the students are not but they
have some knowledge about e-waste but not as deep as
the teachers know.
Recommendation
Based on the findings the researchers recommend the
school administrations and teachers to :

24
1. conduct seminars to inform the students and
teachers on the hazards of E-waste since it is
dangerous to people and environment;
2. implement the policies regarding e-waste. Future
researches that may help develop the policies and
implementation may also help to develop E-waste
management in school official administering; and
3. further study of the development of policies of E –
waste base on the results of our study, also produce
research that might study the effect of
implementation of the E-waste policy in Marikina
Polytechnic College in terms of students, teachers,
faculty members and administrators for the future
researchers.
25
Bibliography
Alam, Zeba. (2016). The Assessment of the of E-Waste
Management Generated from Cellular Phones, Laptops,
and Personal Computers in the Philippines. De La
Salle University Publishing House.
Baldé, C.P., Wang, F., Kuehr, R., Huisman, J. (2015), The
global e-waste monitor – 2014, United Nations
http://cirt.gcu.edu>overview.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
http://digitalcommons.uri.edu/mgdr/vol1/iss1/5http://digi
talcommons.uri.edu/mgdr/vol1/iss1/5
http://ewasteguide.info/e_waste_definition
http://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archieve/2016/09/th
e-global-cost-of-electronic-waste/502019/2016
Kumar, Bipul and Bhaskar, Kalyan (2016) "Electronic Waste
and Sustainability: Reflections on a Rising Global
Challenge,"Markets, Globalization & Development
Review: Vol. 1: No. 1, Article 5. DOI: 10.23860/MGDR-
2016-01-01-05 Available at: Pe Benito, R.A.
Environmental Law: Pollution Control

26
Ramos, R.P. (2005). Infastructure Siting Development for
Land Surface Disposal of Toxic and Hazardous Wastes
in the Philippines. The University of Queensland
www.dtsc.ca.gov/HazardousWaste/upload/HWMP_DefiningHW111.
pdf

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Mayor Chanyungco Street, Sta. Elena, Marikina City 1800: Bachelor of Technical Teacher Education

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MARIKINA POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE

#2Mayor Chanyungco Street, Sta. Elena, Marikina City 1800

This chapter presents the background of the study, the

statement of the problem, the significance of the study and

its scope and delimitation of the study.

1.1 Background of the study

In the modern society, most of the people are heavily

rellying on information technologies, computers, and

electronic devices which become very useful to us. These

technologies and devices help us in our everyday lives,

making things easier and promote a quality kind of living.

Due to this, the consumption of electronic devices has a

parallel effect to its rapid increase of demand.

In today‟s generation, 89% of young adults ages 18-29

have their own smart phones while the older generation

owned Video Cassette Recorders (VCR‟s) at the same age,

having only 41% (Gallup poll, 2014). Which only signifies

the high partronization and consumption of technology

devices. However, the increase of comsumption and the

demand of the electronic devices lead to the increase of

the production of the electronic devices which results to

the rapid growth of electronic waste or also known as E –

waste. According to the report of United Nations

Environment Program entitled “Waste Crisis”, electronic

devices such as smart phones and computers are expected to

be wasted in 2017, reaching up to 50 million tons of E-

wastes compared in 2015 which has only 41 million tons of

E-wastes, making a 20% of increase. Which is a very

alarming issue, concerning on the environmental, health and

economical factor that this E-waste will affect.

Globally, Asia is the top contributor continent to the

stock of E-waste(Baldé et al. 2015).Between 2010 – 2015, 13

million of electronics were discarded in the 12 countries

of Asia namely Cambodia, China, Hongkong, Indonesia, Japan,

Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan,

Thailand and Vietnam. Among the all country aforelisted,

China is the most contributor, accounted for almost half of

e – waste per capita of 47.8 pounds together with Singapore

and Taiwan with 41.9 pounds per person, while Cambodia,

Philippines and Vietnam has low generation of E – wastes

with only 3 pounds per person(Honda et al. 2016).

Eventhough it is low, it may still cause hazards due to the

exposure on toxic chemical present in the electronic

devices (Mercury, Lead, etc.)

Department of Environment and Natural Resources(DENR)

implemented law that are concerned in the e-waste

management. This policy was concerned in protecting the

human health and environment by regulating the importation,

use and proper disposal of chemicals this law was known as

Administrative Order No. 2013-22 or “(Revise DAO 2004-36)”

the Guidelines on the Environmentally Sound Management(ESM)

of Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE).

1.2 Statement of the Problem

This study attempted to determine the extent of the

implementation of E-waste management in Marikina

Polytechnic College and its effect to the students and

teachers. Specifically, This study sought to answer the

1. Are the students and teachers of the MPC aware of the

E-waste base of the following aspects?

b. Chemical Components and its Effect

c. E-waste management Disposal

2. Does this study can help improved the implementation