SEZ – SPECIAL ECONOMIC ZONE

Compiled by

Ar. K.Lavanya, Associate Professor

SELF SUSTAINED
COMMUNITIES
SUSTAINABLE DESIGN PRINCIPLES-
• Futurity
• Environmental diversity
• Equity / quality of life
• Local empowerment, etc.,
HOW SUSTAINABILITY HELPS URBAN DEVELOPMENT.?
-Is beautiful, distinctive, secure, healthy and which fosters a strong sense of pride,
social equity, cohesion, and identity

-Supports a vibrant, balances, inclusive and equitable economy

-Treats land as a precious resource; reusing land, promoting compactness at a human

scale and concentrated decentralization regionally

-Supports city regions as a functioning integrated networks and systems, with an

integrated view of the urban and regional landscape

-Strategically locates new development to address resource conservation, biodiversity

public health needs and public transport efficiency

- Promotes mixed use development to maximize the benefits of proximity, vitality,

security and adaptability of the built form.
PILLARS OF SUSTAINABLE CITY
Sustainable Urbanism
Urban sustainability is the idea that a city can be organised without excessive reliance on the
surrounding countryside and be able to power itself with renewable sources of energy.

Sustainable urbanism aims to close the loop by eliminating environmental impact of urban
development by providing all resources locally. It looks at the full life cycle of the products
to make sure that everything is made sustainably, and sustainable urbanism also brings
things like electricity and food production into the city. This means that literally everything
that the town or city needs is right there making it truly self-sufficient and sustainable.
Defining Elements of Sustainable Urbanism
COMPACTNESS
Compactness, or density, plays an important role in sustainable urban development because
it supports reductions in per-capita resource use and benefits public transit developments.
The density of new development across the U.S. averages roughly two dwelling unit per acre,
which is too low to support efficient transit and walk-to destinations. Such low-density
development is a characteristic of urban sprawl, which is the major cause of high
dependence on private automobiles, inefficient infrastructure, increased obesity, loss of
farmlands and natural habitats, pollution, and so on. For these reasons, sustainable urbanism
requires minimum development densities roughly four times higher than two dwelling units
per acre.
Increasing neighborhood population density
also supports improved public transit service.
Concentrating development density in and
around transit stops and corridors maximizes
people's willingness to walk and thus reduces
car ownership and use. Sustainable urbanism
seeks to integrate infrastructure design increase
with density, because a concentrated mixed-use
development required less per capita
infrastructure usage compared to detached
single-family housing.
BIOPHILIA

The concept of Biophilia hypothesis was introduced by E. O. Wilson. It refers to the

connection between humans and other living systems. Within this concept, humans are
biologically predisposed to caring for nature. In Douglass Farr’s book, Sustainable Urbanism:
Urban Design with Nature, he links open spaces such as parks and recreational areas,
sustainable food production and agricultural land use practices with humans’ concern and
relationship with natural systems. Therefore, biophilia is a crucial underlying component of
sustainable urbanism.
SUSTAINABLE CORRIDORS

Sustainable corridors are similar to a wildlife corridor in that they connect one area to another
efficiently, cheaply, and safely. They allow people to pass from their immediate proximity to
another without relying on cars or other wasteful and inefficient products. It also relys on
accessibility to all people in the community so that the mode of transportation is the most
convenient and easiest to use for everyone. Sustainable Corridors also include biodiversity
corridors to allow animals to move around communities so that they may still live in and
around cities.
HIGH PERFORMANCE BUILDINGS
High performance buildings are designed and constructed to maximize operational energy
savings and minimize environmental impacts of the construction and operation of the
buildings. Building construction and operation generates a great deal of ‘externalized costs’
such as material waste, energy inefficiencies and pollution. High performance buildings aim
to minimize these and make the process much more efficient and less harmful.

The amount of energy use of a building is determined by two types of heating/cooling loads
or in other words the amount of heating or cooling needed to keep the interior at a
reasonable temperature. Internal loads: the lighting, people, equipment, and ventilation
system used inside the building, and external loads: the construction of the walls, roofs, and
windows and how that influences energy flow.

By incorporating environmentally sound

materials and systems, improving indoor
air quality and using natural or high
efficiency lighting, it minimizes a building
impact on its natural surroundings;
additionally, those who work or live in
these buildings directly benefit from these
differences.
 Examples refer
Masdar city or Copenhagen
CASE STUDY COPENHAGEN
CITY
 Copenhagen: A Sustainable City
• Copenhagen is a city built for biking and whether it is raining,
snowing or sunshine, you will see Copenhageners using their
bike to get around for every occasion. Copenhagen is a city
where bikes outnumber the cars and Copenhagen's biking
culture is just one of the many cases, that make the city green
and sustainable. The city also aims to become the world’s first
carbon-neutral capital by 2025. The aim is to take the city’s
CO2 consumption from its current level of around 2.5 million
tons to under 1.2 million tons in less than two decades.
The initiatives that make Copenhagen
a green city:

1. Green roofs
Copenhagen is one of the leading cities
in sustainable design and infrastructure. In
2010 Copenhagen began integrating green
roofs into its urban development strategies
and mandated that every new building
should have a green roof.
2. Bike city Copenhagen
Copenhagen is world famous for its biking
culture and has won several awards for the best
city for cyclists. Copenhagen has also been voted
as one of the most bike-friendly cities in the
World. The Danes are well known for their love
of cycling and cities all around the world are now
looking at ways to copy this phenomenon. In
fact, daily, 50 % of the inhabitants of
Copenhagen ride a bicycle to work or school.
3. Electric busses/cars and public transport

• Copenhagen’s buses will make the switch from diesel to electric when
current bus contracts expire in 2019.
• The goals are that even more people will use public transport instead of
cars and that public busses will be carbon neutral by 2025.
• The city is encouraging the transition to green mobility by creating the
necessary infrastructure, such as charging stations for electric vehicles.
• The public transportation in Copenhagen is very reliable and punctual.
4. Green areas and clean waters
• There are about 2,260 hectares of green areas with public access in
Copenhagen, as well as 92 kilometers of coastline.
• A total of 96 % of the Copenhageners can reach at least one of these green
areas on foot in 15 minutes.
• In the period 2015-2025, the Municipality of Copenhagen has a goal to plant
100,000 new trees.
• Many of these trees will be planted together near Islands Brygge with a view
to create a forest in the middle of the city center.
• Islands Brygge is also home to the famous harbour baths, which have become
an iconic Copenhagen landmark.
• The water in Copenhagen harbour is so clean that you can swim in it, and a lot
of fish and plants thrive very well in the water.
5. Clean tap water

• Denmark has some of the cleanest

water in the world and the tap water
undergoes strict daily quality controls,
ensuring that it is perfectly safe to drink.
• Copenhagen consists of more than 60
drinking fountains, where you can enjoy
the Danish tap water for free.
6. Ocean Quay: the sustainable turnaround port

• Ocean Quay is the sustainable turnaround port in Copenhagen.

• As part of a wider sustainable growth and development plan, the
three buildings at the Ocean Quay cruise terminal are furnished with
9,900 square-meter green roofs.
• This roof consists of live vegetation and as a result, the plants on the
roof both subdue noise pollution and purify rainwater.
• Technical solutions are in place at the terminals for dealing with both
black water that is flushed out from toilets, and grey water from baths,
showers, washing-up and laundry.
• Permanent facilities for wastewater have been installed at Ocean
Quay, which can carry the waste of three ships simultaneously.
• The cruise ships pump their wastewater to these facilities, which convey the
water in pipes to the sewage treatment plant.
• The entire pier at Ocean Quay is environmentally friendly, as docked ships can
plug into the land power grid, eliminating the need to run auxiliary engines.
• The south side of the Ocean Quay terminal is equipped with solar PV panels
and is filled with natural light from skylights above.
• If additional heating or lightning is required, energy comes from a CO neutral
source.
SMART CITIES
A City equipped with basic infrastructure to give a decent
quality of life, a clean and sustainable environment through
application of smart solutions.[Public information,
grievance redressal , electronic service delivery,
citizens engagement, waste to energy & fuel , waste to
compost, 100% treatment of waste water, smart meter
& management, monitoring water quality, renewable
source of energy, smart parking]

Smart city uses digital technology & information and

communication technologies (ICT) to better quality and
performance this engage more effectively and actively with
its citizens
INTEGRATED TOWNSHIPS
 Why Integrated Township?
Integrated Township are becoming More popular &
essential to reduce pressure of the existing city
infrastructure like Road network, Water Supply, Sewage &
Garbage Disposal & pollution, arising due to rapid
urbanization & increase in the growth of city, economy,
business & Population.

With urban areas getting more & more crowded and no

space to accommodate the future development potential,
integrated townships have been identified as a potential
solution for this crises. Hence a strong identity has to be
created for a successful development in the future of the
city.
 What is Integrated Township?

Integrated townships is a self-sustained

development with all the basic modern amenities
developed in an plot area of more than 20 acres on
outskirts adjoining to existing city having a number
of developments that include residential,
commercial, retail, recreational, educational, as
well as industrial areas in some cases.

They should have a proper balance of residential &

commercial spaces along with well-developed
Modern infrastructure & recreational amenities
besides green and open spaces
 Benefits of Integrated Township
The main focus of a township development should
ensure safety and security that involves in evolution of a
healthy township which supports a wholesome living
without pollution with certain key concepts.
• 1. Walkability 6. Traditional neighbourhood
• 2. Connectivity structure
• 3. Mixed use and diversity
7. Increased density
• 4. Mixed housing
• 5. Quality architecture and 8. Green transportation
urban design 9. Sustainability
10. Quality of life
 Other Facilities needED in a Township

• School
• Hospital
• Café
• Restaurants
• Parks
• Landscaped
gardens
• Leisure facility
• Retail outlets
(including
domestic &
international
 What to consider while providing
facility?
• Integrated townships is a self-sustaining environment
that has become a necessity rather than a luxury.
• Keeping in mind the requirements of the home buyers,
the designers should study their needs in order to
achieve everything under one roof.
 How integrated city can be Designed?
• To set an OPEN LIVING (not only spacious homes).
• Proper privacy
• Direct ventilation & lighting
• Meticulous planning of infrastructure
• Extensive landscaping
• Open area
• Play area of children
• Gathering for senior citizen
• Separate jogging & cycle track
• Internal road network
• Traffic flow planning and provision of pedestrian
walkways that encourages safe.
• Pleasant and comfortable life style within the townships.
What would be the consequential
thought process?
• Dynamically zoned spaces which would encourage holistic living promote

lively surroundings.

• The main spine road should designed properly to segregate the vehicular

traffic of Residential, Academic & Commercial zone and give proper axis

to all the cluster in the all the zone and commercial & academic zone

should be easily accessible from all the cluster & Effective proper

utilization of the OSR Space for landscape, With Green Sustainability,

effective usage of Rain water, recycled water & Recycling of garbage waste

effectively Residential zone can be planned and divide into number of

cluster of building.

• Each cluster building in the Integrated township should be designed with

proper Common amenities like club house, Swimming pool, Gymnasium,

Indoor & Outdoor games, Children's play area, Senior citizen recreation,
• Thus Integrated township should be designed with
all the basic modern amenities with meticulous
planning of the infrastructure with proper balance
of residential, academic & commercial spaces with
recreational amenities besides green and open
spaces that encourages safe, pleasant and
comfortable life style atmosphere & encourages
Walk to work, Walk to school to reduce the
vehicular traffic & pollution with in Township.
 GENERAL SERVICES

ROADS DRAINAGE
I. Pavement (side I. Basic
walkways)- construction of
along with sub drains
signs II. Headwalls
II. Driveways III. Manholes
III. Traffic signals IV. Sewage
IV. Street lights V. Catch basin
V. Fencing VI. Sump pump
VI. Clearing and discharge service
grubbing VII. Open ditches
WATER
I. Water main details
II. Hydrant
III. Valves
IV. Service connection
V. Water quality and treatment
VI. High lift pumps and controls
VII. Process pumping and plumbing
VIII. Testing and disinfection
IX. Utilities

ELECTRICAL
LANDSCAPE
I. Tree planting
II. Park land
III. Top soil
IV. Hydro mulching and seeding
V. Weather and seasonal conditions
VI. sodding
VII. Specification of the supply, delivery and planting of woody
plant materials in open space sites
VIII. Walkways and fence specifying for path
IX. Lighting of path and walkways
X. Water supply in park
 ROAD NETWORKS
• Outer road- 30m.
• Service road- 8m.
• shopping streets-25m.
• Internal roads- 12m.
• Hierarchy of internal
road should be
followed within the
sectors shall be 25m,
18m and 12m.
• Major inner loop-
18m.
• Sector entry road-
18m.
• In T- JUNCTION,
center line distance
shall not less than
75m.
 OTHER AMENITIES
• TAXI STAND- in each sector.
• PETROL PUMP- every 100
hectare of gross residential
area (part of commercial
component).
• MILK BOOTH- for every 5000
population.
 TOWNSHIP CRITERIAS
• MAXIMUM GROUND COVER- 40% of the site area.
• MAXIMUM FAR (Floor Area Ratio)- not exceeding 1.5.
• BASEMENT- not used for habitable purpose. It is not counted in FAR.
• MAXIMUM HEIGHT- shall not exceed 30m. Should no exceed width of the
road.
• SET BACKS- shall not be less than1/3rd of the height of the building on each
side or 6 meter which ever is more.
• DISTANCE BETWEEN BUILDINGS- distance between the buildings shall not
be less than 2/3rd of the average height of the buildings. But not less than
2/5th of the average height of buildings when no air, light and ventilation is
drawn.
• OPEN SPACES- 25% for landscaping. Organized park area shall be 15%.
• BALCONIES
MAHINDRA WORLD CITY
CHENNAI

CASE STUDY
 MAHINDRA WORLD CITY - SECTORS

The city is divided into two sectors:

BUSINESS – ITeS
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
APPAREL& FASHION
AUTOMOTIVE
COMMERCIAL

LIFESTYLE – RESIDENTIAL
UTILITIES
LANDUSE PATTERN
OF MWC
ROAD NETWORK INSIDE
MWC
 RESIDENTIAL ZONE

• IRIS COURT
• SYLVAN COUNTY
• AQUALILY
• NOVA
 AQUALILY

• Spread over 55 acres

• Apartment type – 3BHK,4BHK duplex
and villas
• Sizes – 1595sq.ft to 5000sq.ft
• Total units – 610 Apartments and 151
Villas
 IRIS COURT

• Spread over 18 acres

• Apartment type – 3BHK+3T
• Sizes – 1375sq.ft to 1454sq.ft
• Total units – 702
NOVA
• Spread over 7.3 acres
• Apartment type – 1BHK and 2BHK
• Sizes – 589sq.ft to 836sq.ft
• Total units – 726
 COMMERCIAL ZONE

• MAHINDRA RESEARCH VALLEY

• JSP HOSPITAL
• MWC CLUB
• MAHINDRA WORLD SCHOOL

MAHINDRA WORLD SCHOOL

• Spread over 5 acres
• With 843 students and 65 staffs
• Kinder Garden to standard XII
• Designed by Hafeez contractors.
MAHINDRA RESEARCH VALLEY (MRV)

• Spread of 125 acres

• Designed by Charles Correa
• Tractor R&D facility in india
• Over 1500 engineers work in MRV

MWC CLUBHOUSE
• Spread of 4 acres
• Designed by Shilpa Architects
• Has a view of Kolavai Lake
ROOFTOP SOLAR PLANT IN MWC

• 75KW of electricity is generated

• Installed in an area of 800sq.m on the rooftop of the
canopy
• Expected to generate 1,16,000 units(KWh) of clean
electricity annually.
• This plant is a part of The Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar
Mission(JNNSM) policy for off-grid system
• This solar system is equipped with a remote monitoring
system.
QUERIES
?