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Similarly the waste glass are collected from the shops are
used. The collected glasses are crushed to sand size and it
could be used an alternate material for natural sand as
partial replacement.
In brief, successful utilization of glass as fine aggregate will
turn this waste material into a valuable resource.
METHODOLOGY
Collection and properties
of materials
Test on concrete
Fine Aggregate
Fine Aggregate, in building and construction, material used for
mixing with cement, bitumen, lime, gypsum, or other adhesive to form
concrete or mortar. Fine aggregate size conforming to sieve passing
through 2.36mm
COARSE AGGREGATE:
Coarse aggregates are particles greater than 4.75mm, but
generally range between 9.5mm to 37.5mm in diameter. size of coarse
aggregate:20mm
GLASS POWDER:
Using waste glass in the concrete construction sector is
advantageous, as the production cost of concrete will go down. Waste
glasses are used as aggregates for concrete.
WATER:
The quantity of water in the mix plays a vital role on the strength
of the concrete. The pH valueof water,hall be not less than6.
MATERIAL TESTING:
TEST FOR SPECIFIC GRAVITY AND WATER ABSORPTION:
Using the pyconometer the test for specific gravity and water absorption is
done
25 14
30 21
35 27
40 33
1 20 Very low
2 50 Low
3 90 Medium
Mix design:
The specimens are to be cast with concrete of characteristics strength
20 N/mm2 .the physical properties of constituent materials are
investigated and presented as follows.
Step 1:
Characteristics strength required = 20 N/mm2
Grade of concrete = M20
Max nominal size of aggregate = 20mm
Max water cement ratio = 0.55
Min cement content = 300kg/m3
Max water cement content = 77mm (slump)
Degree of supervision = good
Exposure condition = mild
Step 2:
Type of cement = opc -53 grade
Specific gravity of coarse aggregate = 2.70
Specific gravity of fine aggregate = 2.65
Specific gravity of cement = 3.15
Water absorption of
Coarse aggregate = 0.5%
Fine aggregate = 1%
Free surface moisture
Coarse aggregate = nil
Fine aggregate = 2
Step 3:
Mean target strength = fck + Ks
= 20 + 1.65 *4
= 26.6N/mm2
Standard deviation , s = 4N/mm2
Step 4:
Water cement ratio:
Cement = 53 grade
Water cement ratio = 0.45
As per IS 456 – 2000
Max water cement ratio = 0.55(mild exposure)
Minimum cement content =300 kg/m3
Step 5:
Water content:
For 20 mm nominal size, nominal size aggregate and sand aggregate to
zone-II
Water content per m of concrete = 186 kg
Step 6:
Adjustments of w/c ratio, compaction factor and sand belonging to zone
II
Required water content = [186*(6/100)}
= 197.16 kg/m3
Step 7:
Determination of cement content
Water cement ratio = 0.55
Water = 197.16 *0.95 = 187.302 kg /m3
Cement content = 187.302/0.55= 356kg/m3
From table no s IS 456 minimum cement content =300 kg/m3 < 356
kg/m3
Step 8:
Proportion of volume of coarse aggregate corresponding to 20mm size
aggregate and fine aggregate zone I for water – cement ratio of 0.45 to
0.60
Step 9:
Mix calculation
The mix calculations per unit volume of concrete shall be as follows
*volume of concrete = 1 m3
Volume of cement = 350/3.15* 1/1000
= 0.111m3
Volume of water = 0.197
Mass of coarse aggregate = 0.692 *0.6*2.55*1000
= 1058kg
Mass of fine aggregate = 0.692 *0.4*2.279*1000
=630 kg
Mass of cement = 356 kg/m3
Mass of water = 140 kg /m3
350/350: 630/350: 1058/350
The mix proportion for the above calculation is 1:1.8:3.03
MANUFACTURE OF FRESH CONCRETE
CASTING AND CURING:
The partial glass powder and the aggregates were first mixed
together for about 3minutes. The liquid component of the
mixture and cement was then added to the dry materials and the
mixing continued for further about 4min to manufacture the
fresh concrete.
Experimental Plan
MIX PROPORTION
In this section the result of the compressive test, tensile test, flexure test
of the partial replacement of fine aggregate by glass powder is
tabulated.
compressive test result:
18
16
14
STRENGTH
12
10
0
0%replacement 10%replacement 15%replacement 20%replacement 30%replacement
%REPLACEMENT
SPLIT TENSILE STRENGTH:
The concrete cylinder cured at room temperature are tested to
find thetensile strength of the concrete using compressive testing
machine (CTM).The same specimen is also tested on 7th, 28th
day to study tensile strength property of replacement of fine
aggregate by glass powder.
Mix proportion and their respective wt.
1 10% 3.59 4 5
5.35
%REPLACEMENT 5.5
5
5
4.68 4.8
4
4 4.04 4
3.59
3
3 3
2.78
0
0%replacement 10%replacement 15%replacement 20%replacement
FLEXURAL STRENGTH TEST:
6.4
6
5.5
strength 5