Stars

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The temperature of a star depends on the color of it. Red may seem like the hottest color, but it
is actually the coolest of all the colors of stars. On the diagram above, it shows that on the far
right, red is less than 3,500 degrees Celsius. As the color fades and turns into blue towards the
left, the full blue star on the left side is above 30,000 degrees Celsius which is much more hotter
than the red star to the far right. The color of a star also has to do with how old it is. For
example, if a star is blue, it is probably a new or young star. If it is red it probably is an older
star.
Atoms
The electromagnetic force is responsible for generating visible light as well as 
radiation in other wavebands not detectable by the human eye. As electrons and 
protons ​fly around bumping into each other in a light source, the electromagnetic 
force produces photons of all wavelengths across the electromagnetic spectrum. 
Slow, randomly moving charged particles create radio, infrared, optical and 
ultraviolet photons with wavelengths, respectively, from meters to microns to 
thousands of nanometers to hundreds of nanometers. Fast moving particles may 
create X-rays. These forms of radiation are referred to as thermal radiation because 
the energy of the photons depends on the temperature of the gas. Other processes 
such as a directed motion of charged particles in magnetic fields or decays of 
particles into photons create additional radiation that is referred to as non-thermal 
radiation because the main cause of the radiation is something other than the 
temperature of the gas. It is often difficult to say how a particular photon is created 
because they have similar wavelengths. The highest energy radiation, known as 
gamma rays, is usually non-thermal radiation. 

Space and Heat 

The wavelength and energy of a photon relate to how fast ​electrons​ are accelerated. Low energy radiation comes
from cool regions of molecular gas, and high energy radiation comes from hot spots where atoms are fully ionized.
The combined images provide insight into the structure, temperature, and chemical composition of the Whirlpool
Galaxy. The stars in the infrared image represent most of the mass of the galaxy, excluding dark matter, which can't
be seen. The optical image represents a slightly smaller amount of mass and the other three images represent only
traces of mass in molecules (radio image) massive hot stars, (ultraviolet image) and hot plasma (x-ray image).
Source:Astro physics