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gement in Energy Efficient Buildings Using RETSCREEN Software-A Case Study Analysis

December 2013 with 276 Reads  FEATURED VIDEOS

Sai Babu Ch
a
19.72 · Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Kakinada

tya Prasad
Nehru Technological University, Kakinada
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cient buildings have recently become a trend for future building industry. The major challenge in the control system
ding is to minimize the power consumption without compromising the customers comfort. Buildings have the physical
iluted and sometimes unpredictable renewable energy. The building envelope and the ground constitute the basic
autonomous buildings. It is widely accepted that if any country has to reduce greenhouse gas emissions it must
energy end use in the building sector. Simulation of building performance is increasingly being used in design practice
occupants in finished buildings. In this thesis, the simulation results shows that the proposed intelligent control system
s the user's preferences for thermal and illuminance comfort, indoor air quality and the energy conservation by using
re. The present work attempts to overcome certain inadequacies of contemporary simulation applications with respect
rol systems, by developing novel building control systems modeling schemes. These schemes are then integrated
mulation environment so that they can be employed in practice.

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11/15/2019 (PDF) Energy and Comfort Management in Energy Efficient Buildings Using RETSCREEN Software-A Case Study Analysis

hrough flow chart A Building model For a building, a state of Financial analysis
measured with initial… balance practically means Q loss = Q gain…

ai Babu Ch Author content Download full-text PDF

t to copyright.

ya Lalita. P et al Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Application www.ijera.com

N : 2248-9622, Vol. 3, Issue 6, Nov-Dec 2013, pp.378-381

ESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS

ergy and Comfort Management in Energy Efficient Buildings

ing RETSCREEN Software-A Case Study Analysis
aya Lalita. P*, Dr. Ch. Saibabu**, G. R. K. D. Satya Prasad***
Student, JNTUK, Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh)
Professor in EEE, Director of Academic Planning JNTUK; Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh, INDIA)
Research Scholar, JNTU Kakinada, Assoc. Professor, GIET, Gunupur, ODISHA)

STRACT
rt and energy-efficient buildings have recently become a trend for future building industry. The majo
enge in the control system design for such a building is to minimize the power consumption withou
promising the customers comfort. Buildings have the physical potential to harness diluted and sometimes
edictable renewable energy. The building envelope and the ground constitute the basic resources for energy
nomous buildings. It is widely accepted that if any country has to reduce greenhouse gas emissions it mus
essively address energy end use in the building sector.
ulation of building performance is increasingly being used in design practice to predict comfort of occupants
nished buildings. In this thesis, the simulation results shows that the proposed intelligent control system
essfully manages the user’s preferences for thermal and illuminance comfort, indoor air quality and the
gy conservation by using RETSCREEN software. The present work attempts to overcome certain
equacies of contemporary simulation applications with respect to environmental control systems, by
loping novel building control systems modeling schemes. These schemes are then integrated within a state
t simulation environment so that they can be employed in practice.
words – Building materials, Energy Efficient buildings, Energy performance index, HVAC parameters,
SCREEN software.

I. INTRODUCTION energies, and useful strategies to reduce carbo

Energy consumption of buildings (both dioxide emissions [2].
ntial and commercial) has steadily increased, The concept of EEB has gained wid
ng figures between 20% and 40% in developed international attention during last few years and
now seen as the future target for the design
i Th i f d d i b ildi ill
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 11/15/2019 (PDF) Energy and Comfort Management in Energy Efficient Buildings Using RETSCREEN Software-A Case Study Analysis
ies. The rise of energy demand in buildings will
ue in the near future because of growth in
ation, long-term use of buildings, and increasing
d for improved building comfort levels.
fore, the energy efficiency of buildings is of
concern for anyone wishing to identify energy
s. To this end, automated meter reading and
metering systems have been employed to collect
ng energy data [1]. The aim of these data is to
e greater insight into how a building consumes
y and, therefore, what improvements are likely to
ost effective in reducing consumption. Energy
ent Building (EEB) design has become a high
y for present situations where power crisis is
ting to higher levels. The present study of EEB
allenging task for multi-disciplinary technology,
se designing a EEB involves the knowledge of
mechanical, electrical, environmental and
ectural engineers. The scientific evidences for
e changes and the associated impacts of
house gas emissions are becoming increasingly
us. Most of the countries, buildings are
sible for 47% of national energy consumption.
ists and built environment professionals are
to find advanced technologies, renewable
ww.ijera.com
a Lalita. P et al Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Application www.ijera.com
: 2248-9622, Vol. 3, Issue 6, Nov-Dec 2013, pp.378-381
will be less. But, all these can be achieved without
omising the comforts and luxuries of the
mer.
A systematic approach is required to plan an
without sacrificing the requirements of the
mer. A good EEB design requires the
logies of civil, thermal, mechanical, electrical
rchitectural tools. Hence the below flow chart
in “Fig.1” will gives an approach to plan an
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/271199732_Energy_and_Comfort_Management_in_Energy_Efficient_Buildings_Using_RETSCREEN_Soft…
buildings. However, before being fully implemente
in the national building codes and internation
standards, the EEB concept requires clear an
consistent definition and a commonly agreed energ
calculation methodology.
This paper focuses on the review of the mo
of the existing EEB definitions and the variou
approaches towards possible EEB calculatio
methodologies. It presents and discusses possib
answers to the above mentioned issues in order
facilitate the development of a consistent EE
definition and robust energy calculatio
methodologies are provided [3].
II. AN APPROACH TO PLAN EEB
Buildings are usually evaluated according
the amount of energy required by the building an
therefore expressed in terms of kWh/m2/year an
termed as Energy Performance Index (EPI). Th
assessment of the energy demand for the climat
control of a building can only be dealt with if the lev
of the indoor environmental comfort and it is direct
related to EPI. If the value of EPI is less, then th
consumption of energy is less and hence the electrici
378 | P a g e
Where, qH is the thermal load of the buildin
in watts. The first two terms on the right express th
thermal losses ( ), which is th
more important part of any building study, while t
last two terms are the thermal gains of the buildin
qcond are the thermal losses through the building
envelope, qinf are the infiltration loss caused by t
entrance of fresh air. Respectively, qsol are the net sol
thermal gains and qint are the internal thermal gai
(people, lighting, equipment operation etc.).
Fig.2: Building model
For a building, a state of balance practical
means Qloss = Qgain and therefore the thermal load q
= 0 shown in “Fig.3”. All building losses are depende
for the temperature difference ( ΔΤ=Ti-To) of th
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11/15/2019 (PDF) Energy and Comfort Management in Energy Efficient Buildings Using RETSCREEN Software-A Case Study Analysis
Fig. 1: Planning of an EEB through flow chart
A base building will be measured with initial
nd if it measures 350 kwh/m2/year. By envelope
zation and with building materials in roof and
the EPI can decrease to 225 kWh /m2/year.
rly with lighting optimization to 175
m2/year and with HVAC optimization 125
m2/year and finally with Controls, sensors, rain
waste water harvesting it will reach to 95
m2/year. All these results will be simulated by
RETSCREEN software by considering a case
MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF EEB
A Simplified Building Energy model will be
ed by considering a room with thermal
eters. The net heat energy loss (or gain) of a
ng can be defined at any moment from the
al balance of the building (first law). For example
he calculation of the thermal load the
taneous steady-state thermal balance of a
ng is given by
(1)
w.ijera.com
a Lalita. P et al Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Application www.ijera.com
: 2248-9622, Vol. 3, Issue 6, Nov-Dec 2013, pp.378-381
IV. CASE STUDY ANALYSIS BY
RETSCREEN
The RETSCREEN Software Building
ope Model can be used worldwide to evaluate the
y use and savings, costs, emission reductions,
ial viability and risk for building envelope
y efficiency measures. The software can model a
variety of projects ranging from passive solar
s for houses, to energy efficient window use in
ercial buildings, to complete energy efficient
uction practices on the entire building envelope
ge institutional and industrial buildings [7]. The
re also includes product, project and climate
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/271199732_Energy_and_Comfort_Management_in_Energy_Efficient_Buildings_Using_RETSCREEN_Soft…
internal (Ti) and the external ( To) of the buildin
Thus, when, Qloss > Qgain something that usual
happens during the winter period where th
temperature differences ΔΤ are high, then qH > 0, an
so qH expresses the additional thermal load in wat
that the building demands in order to return to i
thermal equilibrium state and in the end specifies th
building’s heating demand in time.[5]
The thermal load of a building, after th
introduction of a Building total Loss Coefficie
(BLC) is given then by:
QH = QLoss – Qgain = BLC × (Ti – To) – Qgain (2
Where QH is the thermal load in watt, Ti is th
necessary internal temperature of the building (or eve
the design temperature of the building in 0C) and T0
the outside temperature.
The BLC is calculated in Watt/0C, modifie
to include both the thermal losses through th
buildings envelope and the infiltration losses. For an
building, BLC can be normally calculated as:
(3)
Where UT,I is the thermal conductance
Watt/(m2 K) of the building components (outsid
walls, floors, doors, windows etc., ) Ai is the respectiv
components areas in m2, minf is the mass flow rate
infiltration air in kg/sec (Lt/sec), Cpa is the specific he
capacity of air at constant pressure in KJ/(Kg0K). In th
BLC, they are also considered the relative he
capacities of the building components within which
is stored an additional thermal load that might com
either from the heat gains or the heat losses of t
building[6].
379 | P a g e
show the data of climatic conditions of the considere
location. While the latitude and longitude values a
entered, the values of Air temperature, Relativ
humidity, Daily radiation-horizontal, Atmospheri
wind speed, Earth temperature, Heating Degree day
Cooling degree days are obtained for monthly basi
The data obtained is only for reference purpose not
run the model.
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11/15/2019 (PDF) Energy and Comfort Management in Energy Efficient Buildings Using RETSCREEN Software-A Case Study Analysis
ses, and a detailed user manual.
In this case the analysis is considered for
College of Engineering Kakinada. For this
is the procedure is as follows:
ig. 3: Energy model sheet of RETSCREEN
The project type is of Energy efficient
res, this is of institutional facility type and the
is method is considered as method 1. The
g value reference is considered as LHV. Higher
g value is typically used in cold locations like
a and USA, while lower heating value is used in
st of the world. Hence LHV is selected. This is
ernational wide software hence we can get the
cy what we required. The climatic data
ions are obtained for this location which is
ed in Site reference conditions.
Fig.4: Climate data base
To access the RETSCREEN Climate
ase click on the "Select climate data location"
ink or use the RETSCREEN menu or toolbar.
This is the extension of first window which
w.ijera.com
a Lalita. P et al Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Application www.ijera.com
: 2248-9622, Vol. 3, Issue 6, Nov-Dec 2013, pp.378-381
ancial analysis:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/271199732_Energy_and_Comfort_Management_in_Energy_Efficient_Buildings_Using_RETSCREEN_Soft…
Fig 5: Building parameters
In this tool, enter the information about th
facility characteristics, for the base case and th
proposed case facilities. The user clicks on the blu
hyperlinks (e.g. Heating system, Cooling system
Building envelope, ventilation, lighting etc.) to acce
the data entry forms used to describe the facility.
addition, the key results of the model are displayed
this section (e.g. fuel saved, simple payback, etc.).
In this analysis the electrical equipments li
fans, tube lights and computer are taken. For the
equipments the base case and proposed case a
considered. By using efficient devices the pow
saving is of 36.2%. Although the initial cost may b
high, at last there is a lot of saving. For buildin
envelope the payback period is 8.3 years and f
electrical equipments there is no payback perio
means when we invest the money immediately we ca
get the savings.
A. Emission Analysis:
Fig.6: Emission analysis
Comparing to base case the proposed ca
will cut short the emissions to 28%. That is equivale
to 6 cars not used per year. In a larger scale it can ea
the carbon credits to the project and it will support th
additional revenue to the project.
380 | P a g e
[4] Guglielmo S. Aglietti,Harnessing Hig
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11/15/2019 (PDF) Energy and Comfort Management in Energy Efficient Buildings Using RETSCREEN Software-A Case Study Analysis
Fig.7: Financial analysis
In financial analysis, the fuel rate for base
with proposed cases are compared even though
itial investment is high the payback period is
ess in some times it may be neglected also. Here
oject life is considered for 30years.
V. CONCLUSIONS
The results obtained by using RETSCREEN
re can be very realistic and gives very
sing results for Energy Efficient Buildings. The
feature of this software is; it will integrates the
limatic conditions and hence planning of energy
s are simpler.
The building simulation results, found that
arious parameters in energy dependence can be
sed by step by step and finally gives the
ion in energy needs. However, as the
eration of equipments was done optimistically
e desired building load and net profits will be
than the results in simulation by considering
n credits and subsidies from government
zations.
VI. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
I thank the Department of EEE, JNTU
ada for giving the information regarding to
ng particulars.
rences
Xiaoli Li, Chris P. Bowers, and Thorsten
Schnier, Classification of Energy
Consumption in Buildings With Outlier
Detection, IEEE transactions on industrial
electronics, vol. 57, no. 11, November 2010
Liping Wang, Julie Gwilliam, Phil Jones,
Welsh school of Architecture, Cardiff
University, on Case study of zero energy
house design in UK, Elsevier, Energy and
Buildings 41 (2009) 1215–1222
A.J. Marszala, P. Heiselberg, J.S.
Bourrelle, E. Musall, K.Vossc, I. Sartori,
A.Napolitano Zero Energy Building – A
review of definitions and calculation
methodologies, Elsevier, Energy and
Buildings 43 (2011) 971–979
w.ijera.com
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/271199732_Energy_and_Comfort_Management_in_Energy_Efficient_Buildings_Using_RETSCREEN_Soft…
Altitude Solar Power, IEEE, transactions o
energy conversion, vol. 24, no. 2, june 2009
[5] Mohan Kolhe Techno-Economic Optimu
Sizing of a Stand-Alone Solar Photovolta
System, , IEEE TRANSACTIONS O
ENERGY CONVERSION, VOL. 24, NO.
JUNE 2009
[6] Electricity, Resources, and Building System
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Laboratory, David Mooney Nation
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[7] Creating Low-Cost Energy-Manageme
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Foulks, John O. Troxler, and Robert W. Co
978-1-4244-2893-9/09/ 2009 IEEE
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Reddy, Dr. CH. Saibabu M.Tech., Ph.D
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