Welcome to the hydroelectric calculator made to get the optimal energy from your water so

matches your water sources' flow and head specifics to the perfect turgo turbine and genera
you the most efficient micro-hydroelectric system on the market.
To avoid changing any formulas, only click on and change the cells that are highlighted in yellow.

Enter the gallons per minute available from your stream. It is best to enter 80% of
the flow at your water sources' lowest yearly flow to be safe. GPM=

Enter the feet of elevation that the water drops from the collection point to your
generator. HEAD=

Enter the length of your pipe in feet from the collection point to the generator.
PENSTOCK
LENGTH=

Below are the inner diameters of different types of pipe.

Pipe "Size"- 1 1.5 2
Actual inner diameter for PVC SH 40- 1.05 1.61 2.07
Actual inner diameter for PVC SH 80- 0.96 1.50 1.94
Note: Schedule 80 pipe is thicker and more suitable for greater pressures. The PSI ratings may vary so check with your pipe supplier before making
be able to use SH40 for the top of your penstock and SH80 for the lower part which is at greater pressure.

To choose an adequate pipe for your system, enter an inner diameter here. Find a
diameter that keeps the head loss below 8%. You also want to keep the flow rate
below 5 feet per second, especially with pressures higher than 80 PSI, or in pipe Inner
larger than 2". This calculator is based on the Hazen-Williams formula, which is the
industry standard, yet it is empirical and not 100% accurate. It is based on smooth Diameter=
PVC pipe sides, in a straight pipe with a minimal amount of joints and bends, and a
water temperature between 60-70 degrees F.

Static PSI 21.65

PSI loss due to pipe friction- 0.58
PSI Loss Percentage- 2.7% This number should be below 8%! The lower the
Flow Velocity in Feet Per Second- 2.55 This number should be below 5, and preferably 3

TIP! If you are planning on doing

Enter a friction loss multiplier here to account for the number 0.0 system leave this as a 0 since you w
and type of joints in your system. all!

If pipe is relatively straight, with minimal straight joints and only one Enter a 1.0
or two 45 degree joints… above

If pipe has minimal straight joints, only one or two 45 degree joints, Enter a 1.2
and one or two 90 degree joints… above
 Enter a 1.5
If pipe has multiple, energy sapping 90 degree joints… above

If this number is greater than 10% we suggest y

Total estimated percentage loss- 0.0% diameter for your system, reduce the penstock le
in your system, or reduce the number of fric

Here is a summary of your system:

Static PSI- 21.65
Net PSI- 21.65
Flow (GPM)- 100
Inner Pipe Diameter- 4

This is not a guarantee! However, we have erred on the co

Watts Available- 500 you will be pleasantly surprised by your system's true efficie
receiving an additional 10% than what is calc

KWH (kilo-watt-hours) produced in one day- 12.00 These numbers are based on "water to wire" efficiency and
KWH (kilo-watt-hours) produced in one year- 4380.00 other parts of your system. (chargers, inve

Cost of a KWH in your area- (Usually $.08 to $0.190

$0.25 )
$ saved per month- $69.350
$ saved per year- $832.20

$ saved 10 years with 5% increase in price per year- $10,467.32

Now that you have a reasonable estimate of your net PSI, GPM, and the watts your stream s
produce, you can begin to build your system.

Based on your GPM and PSI, you can have either:

1 nozzle that has a bore in MM of- 21.55

2 nozzles with bores in MM of- 15.24

Your turbine works most efficiently at 48% of the velocity of the water jet. Based on
your NET psi, the following table shows your target RPMs with different turbine
wheel sizes:

Turbine Model Turbine Diameter TARGET RPM

Note - Stainless Steel metal turgos are re
Blue 20 82.3 1926 350 feet, and are required for heads abo
Blue 26 (stainless only) 99.4 1595 the more econnomical injection-molded
fine.
Orange 16 149.1 1063
 Note - Stainless Steel metal turgos are re
350 feet, and are required for heads abo
the more econnomical injection-molded
fine.

Orange 24 198.3 799

As you can see, there are different RPM options based on the turbine size. Next, RockyHydro matches a motor that w
your have available at these RPMs to make an incredibly efficent hydro system. We have over 400 systems available to
site. Please head back to our website www.rockyhydro.com to purchase your system online, or email us at sales@rock
any questions or if you aren't finding exactly what you are looking for.
ergy from your water source. RockyHydro
urgo turbine and generator combo to give
tem on the market.
at are highlighted in yellow.

100

50

200

2.5 3 4
2.47 3.07 4.03
2.32 2.90 3.83
with your pipe supplier before making your final decision. You may
art which is at greater pressure.

d be below 8%! The lower the better!

d be below 5, and preferably 3 or less.

TIP! If you are planning on doing a finished LOW-HEAD

ystem leave this as a 0 since you won't have a penstock at
all!
 greater than 10% we suggest you select a larger pipe
system, reduce the penstock length, plan on less GPM
m, or reduce the number of friction-causing joints!

ee! However, we have erred on the conservative side and believe

surprised by your system's true efficiency. We've heard of systems
ng an additional 10% than what is calculated here.

ased on "water to wire" efficiency and do not account for losses in

er parts of your system. (chargers, inverters, ect;)

the watts your stream should be able to

r system.

te - Stainless Steel metal turgos are recommended for heads above

0 feet, and are required for heads above 600 feet. Other than that,
e more econnomical injection-molded hard plastic turgos work just
fine.
te - Stainless Steel metal turgos are recommended for heads above
0 feet, and are required for heads above 600 feet. Other than that,
e more econnomical injection-molded hard plastic turgos work just
fine.

Hydro matches a motor that will produce the power

over 400 systems available to ensure one will fit your
line, or email us at sales@rockyhydro.com if you have
ou are looking for.
ENTER RPM- 3000
APROX VOLTS
AT SELECTED APROX WATTS AT
MOTOR MODEL RATED RPM RPM SELECTED RPM NOTES
341s24v3000 3000 20 61
341s48v-3200 3200 32 57
342s24v3000 3000 18 121
342s30v3000 3000 22 121
342s48v3200 3200 37 113
343s30v3000 3000 21 242
343s48v3200 3200 41 227
343s160v3000 3000 130 242
343s240v3000 3000 163 242
344s48v3200 3200 35 340
344s240v3000 3000 179 363
362s24v3500 3500 17 214
362s36v3500 3500 30 214
362s48v3500 3500 39 214
362s160v3500 3500 126 214
362s320v3500 3500 240 214
363s48v3500 3500 35 321
363s160v3000 3000 133 413
363s160v5000 5000 81 135
364s24v1800 1800 33 458 RPM TOO FAST FOR THIS MODEL
364s48v3500 3500 35 429
364s160v3000 3000 114 550
364s160v5000 5000 80 180
482s48v4000 4000 34 495
482s160v3500 3500 120 643
482s320v3500 3500 240 643
483s48v4000 4000 23 726
483s160v3500 3500 120 943
483s320v3500 3500 240 943
235S-24V-500-01 500 144 36 RPM TOO FAST FOR THIS MODEL
DC540 1200 100 260 RPM TOO FAST FOR THIS MODEL
DC520 2000 100 480 RPM TOO FAST FOR THIS MODEL
DC512 2000+ 47 395 RPM TOO FAST FOR THIS MODEL
DC500 10000 30 750
0 TABLE OF MOTOR OUTPUTS PER
100 RPM 200 RPM

RATED APROX APROX APROX

MOTOR MODEL RPM VOLTS WATTS VOLTS
341s24v3000 3000 1 0 1
341s48v-3200 3200 1 0 2
342s24v3000 3000 1 0 1
342s30v3000 3000 1 0 1
342s48v3200 3200 1 0 2
343s30v3000 3000 1 0 1
343s48v3200 3200 1 0 3
343s160v3000 3000 4 0 9
343s240v3000 3000 5 0 11
344s48v3200 3200 1 0 2
344s240v3000 3000 6 0 12
362s24v3500 3500 1 0 1
362s36v3500 3500 1 0 2
362s48v3500 3500 1 0 3
362s160v3500 3500 4 0 8
362s320v3500 3500 8 0 16
363s48v3500 3500 1 0 2
363s160v3000 3000 4 0 9
363s160v5000 5000 3 0 5
HIS MODEL 364s24v1800 1800 1 0 2
364s48v3500 3500 1 0 2
364s160v3000 3000 4 0 8
364s160v5000 5000 3 0 5
482s48v4000 4000 1 0 2
482s160v3500 3500 4 0 8
482s320v3500 3500 8 0 16
483s48v4000 4000 1 0 2
483s160v3500 3500 4 0 8
483s320v3500 3500 8 0 16
HIS MODEL 235S-24V-500-01 500 5 0 10
HIS MODEL DC540 1200 #N/A #N/A 15
HIS MODEL DC520 2000 #N/A #N/A 8
HIS MODEL DC512 2000+ #N/A #N/A 5
DC500 10000 #N/A #N/A #N/A
UTPUTS PER RPM. SHADED AREAS REPRESENT RPMS TH
200 RPM 300 RPM 400 RPM 500 RPM 1000 RPM 1500 RPM

APROX APROX APROX APROX APROX APROX APROX APROX APROX APROX
WATTS VOLTS WATTS VOLTS WATTS VOLTS WATTS VOLTS WATTS VOLTS
0 2 0 3 0 3 0 7 0 10
0 3 0 4 0 5 0 11 0 16
0 2 0 2 0 3 0 6 0 9
0 2 0 3 0 4 0 7 0 11
0 4 0 5 0 6 0 12 0 18
0 2 0 3 0 4 0 7 0 11
0 4 0 5 0 7 0 14 0 20
0 13 0 17 0 22 0 43 0 65
0 16 0 22 0 27 0 54 0 81
0 3 0 5 0 6 0 12 0 17
0 18 0 24 0 30 0 60 0 90
0 2 0 2 0 3 0 6 0 9
0 3 0 4 0 5 0 10 0 15
0 4 0 5 0 7 0 13 0 20
0 13 0 17 0 21 0 42 0 63
0 24 0 32 0 40 0 80 0 120
0 4 0 5 0 6 0 12 0 18
0 13 0 18 0 22 0 44 0 67
0 8 0 11 0 14 0 27 0 41
0 3 0 4 0 6 0 11 83 17
0 4 0 5 0 6 0 12 0 18
0 11 0 15 0 19 0 38 0 57
0 8 0 11 0 13 0 27 0 40
0 3 0 5 0 6 0 11 0 17
0 12 0 16 0 20 0 40 0 60
0 24 0 32 0 40 0 80 0 120
0 2 0 3 0 4 0 8 0 12
0 12 0 16 0 20 0 40 0 60
0 24 0 32 0 40 0 80 0 120
0 14 2 19 4 24 6 48 12 72
6 26 156 26 31 42 76 90 216 100
3 12 96 12 19 20 48 37 148 66
10 8 120 8 24 12 43 24 154 34
#N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A 10 170 15
T RPMS THAT ARE TOO LOW OR TOO HIGH FOR THE MO
1500 RPM 2000 RPM 2500 RPM 3000 RPM 3500 RPM 4000 RPM

APROX APROX APROX APROX APROX APROX APROX APROX APROX APROX
WATTS VOLTS WATTS VOLTS WATTS VOLTS WATTS VOLTS WATTS VOLTS
11 13 28 16 46 20 61 23 71 26
10 21 26 26 38 32 57 37 66 42
22 12 56 15 92 18 121 21 141 24
22 14 56 18 92 22 121 25 141 29
21 24 52 31 76 37 113 43 132 49
44 14 111 18 183 21 242 25 282 29
41 27 105 34 151 41 227 47 265 54
44 86 111 108 183 130 242 151 282 173
44 109 111 136 183 163 242 190 282 217
62 23 157 29 227 35 340 40 397 46
66 119 167 149 275 179 363 209 424 239
43 12 86 15 157 17 214 20 275 23
43 20 86 25 157 30 214 35 275 40
43 26 86 33 157 39 214 46 275 52
43 84 86 105 157 126 214 147 275 168
43 160 86 200 157 240 214 280 275 320
64 23 129 29 236 35 321 41 413 47
75 89 190 111 313 133 413 155 481 178
0 54 0 68 75 81 135 95 200 108
208 22 306 28 382 33 458 39 535 44
86 23 171 29 314 35 429 41 550 47
100 76 253 95 417 114 550 133 642 152
0 53 0 67 100 80 180 93 266 107
0 23 150 29 356 34 495 40 656 46
129 80 257 100 471 120 643 140 825 160
129 160 257 200 471 240 643 280 825 320
0 15 220 19 523 23 726 27 963 31
189 80 377 100 691 120 943 140 1210 160
189 160 377 200 691 240 943 280 1210 320
18 96 24 120 30 144 36 168 42 192
260 100 260 100 260 100 260 100 260 100
304 100 480 100 480 100 480 100 480 100
258 47 395 47 395 47 395 47 395 47
300 20 460 25 600 30 750 35 882 40
OR THE MOTOR.
4000 RPM 6000 RPM 8000 RPM

APROX APROX APROX APROX APROX

WATTS VOLTS WATTS VOLTS WATTS
81 39 121 52 161
76 63 113 84 151
161 36 242 48 323
161 43 242 58 323
151 73 227 98 303
323 43 484 57 645
303 81 454 108 605
323 259 484 346 645
323 326 484 434 645
454 69 681 92 908
484 358 726 478 968
314 35 471 46 629
314 60 471 80 629
314 78 471 104 629
314 252 471 336 629
314 480 471 640 629
471 70 707 94 943
550 266 825 355 1100
264 163 495 217 660
611 66 917 88 1222
629 70 943 94 1257
733 228 1100 304 1467
352 160 660 214 880
825 68 1238 91 1650
943 240 1414 320 1886
943 480 1414 640 1886
1210 46 1815 62 2420
1383 240 2074 320 2766
1383 480 2074 640 2766
48 288 73 384 97
260 100 260 100 260
480 100 480 100 480
395 47 395 47 395
1016 60 1620 80 2320