A Report on the Course Project of

Engineering Exploration course (15ECRP101)

titled

MISSILE LAUNCHER
By

Prashant V Hurakadli 425

Prashant S Mathapati 423
Nikhit B Kamble 403
Pundaleek .I. S. 428

Under the guidance of

Mr. Vinay M Talageri M. Tech

Course instructor, Centre for engineering education research.

Center for Engineering Education Research

 MISSILE LAUNCHER

Center for Engineering Education Research

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the project entitled “MISSILE LAUNCHER” is carried

out by below mentioned students as part of Engineering Exploration Course
(15ECRP101), KLE Technological University, Hubballi, during 1st Semester of B.E
program for the academic year 2016-17. The project report fulfills the
requirements prescribed.

Prashant V Hurakadli 425

Prashant S Mathapati 423
Pundaleek I Sattennavar 428
Nikhit B Kamble 403

Guide Course Instructor

Mr. Vinay M Talageri Mrs. Preethi Baligar

____________________ ___________________
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DECLARATION

We hereby declare that the project work entitled “MISSILE LAUNCHER” submitted as a part of Engineering
Exploration Course during 1st semester of academic year 2016-2017 to KLE Technological University, Hubballi, is a
record of an original work done by us under the guidance of Mr. Vinay M Talageri Neither project work nor part
of this report is plagiarized to the best of our knowledge.

Date: 25/11/2016

Prashant V Hurakadli Prashant S Mathapati Pundaleek I Sattennavar Nikhit B Kamble

425 423 428 403

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We have taken efforts in this project. However, it would not have been possible without the kind support and help of many
individuals and teachers. We would like to extend my sincere thanks to all of them.

We are highly indebted to Mr. Vinay M Talageri and the entire team of Engineering exploration for their guidance and constant
supervision as well as for providing necessary information regarding the project & also for their support in completing the project.
We would like to express our gratitude towards our parents & Mr. Vinay M Talageri for their kind co-operation and encouragement
which help us in completion of this project.
We would like to express our special gratitude and thanks to everyone in engineering exploration lab for giving us such attention and
time.
Our thanks and appreciations also go to our colleague in developing the project and people who have willingly helped us out with
their abilities.

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Abstract:
Introduction: With the rise in the wars it necessary for us to create launchers which are eco-friendly, and doesn’t affect the
environment. It is necessary for the defense purpose because of the incoming threats. An extended application of this project could
support the defense systems.

Problem Statement: To design a missile launcher to launch a ping-pong ball, which is made up of plastic. the diameter of ping-pong
ball is 39mm to 40mm and its weight is 6-8 grams, which can be projected up to 1.5-4 meters’ long.

Procedures: We approached our seniors, surfed the internet for more details about the project.

Results: It finds the obstacle and launches the ball according to the program given. It senses and launches 3 balls over a span of 3
seconds

Conclusions: It is safe and movable and doesn’t cause any harm to the environment and it is eco- friendly.

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Contents:

1. Problem Statement 7

2. Project Schedule 8

3. Feasible Design Considerations and their Prioritization 9

4. Pertinent information regarding established problem 11

5. Feasible alternate solutions 17

6. Analysis of alternatives 21

7. Detailed design of final solution 24

8. Implementation 31

9. Testing 38

10. Limitations of Present work and Future Scope 39

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1. Problem Statement
“Design a missile launcher to launch a ping-pong ball, which is made up of plastic. the diameter of ping-pong ball
is 39mm to 40mm and its weight is 6-8 grams, which can be projected up to 3-6 meters’ long.

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2. Project Management

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3. Feasible Design Considerations and their Prioritization

The following is a list of preliminary criteria for MISSILE LAUNCHER.

• The design should not be detrimental to the environment

• The ping-pong ball must travel a distance of 3-6 meters.
• The missile launcher moves in all directions.
• The missile launcher is smart

They can be simply written as

 Technology
 Efficiency
 Cost
 Appearance

Criteria Appearance Cost Efficiency Technology Row Normalized

total value

Appearance - 2 0 0 2 0.0833

Cost 2 - 1 0 3 0.1250

Efficiency 4 3 - 0 7 0.2917

Technology 4 4 4 - 12 0.5

Column total 24 1.000

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The design criteria for better mouse trap design according to priority are as mentioned below

1. Technology
2. Efficiency
3. Cost
4. Appearance

The reasons for choosing and prioritizing the criteria are as follows:-
 The missile launcher must use modern technology for better result of the project.
 The missile launcher must be efficient in order to avoid waste materials, energy,
efforts, money and time in producing a desired result.
 The cost of the launcher must be the very low so that everyone can afford it and if
the cost is low then it will be sold in market.
 The missile launcher should be aesthetically pleasing, so that it attracts the
audience to buy the product and it gives a good impression.
 Also, the launcher should have less weight, so that it can be easily carried

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4. Pertinent information regarding established problem

Before you can go further in the design process, you need to collect all the information
available that relates to the problem. Novice designers (Beginners) will quickly skip over this
step and proceed to the generation of alternative solutions. You will find, however, that effort
spent searching for information about your problem will pay big dividends later in the design
process. Gathering pertinent information can reveal facts about the problem that result in a
redefinition of the problem. You may discover mistakes and false starts made by other
designers. Information gathering for most design problems begins with asking the following
questions. If the problem addresses a need that is new, then there are no existing solutions to
the problems, so obviously some of the questions would not be asked.

Literature Survey on established problem:

∙ What historical benchmarks in technology are associated with your

project?
∙ The earliest rockets documented in imperial China consisted of arrows modified by the
attachment of a rocket motor to the shaft a few inches behind the arrowhead. The
rocket is propelled by the burning of the black powder in the motor. (These rockets
should not be confused with "rocket arrows" which are conventional arrows carrying
small tubes of black powder as an incendiary that ignites only after the arrow reaches its
target. A fuse is lit before release of the arrow.) The rocket launchers were constructed
of wood, basketry, and bamboo tubes.[1] The launchers divided the rockets with frames
meant to keep them separated, and the launchers were capable of firing multiple rockets
at once. Textual evidence and illustrations of various early rocket launchers are found in
the 1510 edition of the Wujing Zongyao translated by Needham and others at Princeton
University. (The original Wujing Zongyao was compiled between 1040 and 1044 and
described the discovery of black powder but preceded the invention of the rocket. Partial
copies of the original survived and Wujing Zongyao was republished in 1231 during
the Southern South Dynasty, including military developments since the original 1044
publication. Historian Joseph Needham asserts that the 1510 edition is the most reliable
in its faithfulness to the original and 1231 versions, since it was printed from blocks that
were re-carved directly from tracings of the edition made in 1231 AD. The 1510 Wujing
Zongyao describes the "long serpent" rocket launcher, a rocket launcher constructed of
wood and carried with a wheelbarrow, and the "hundred tiger" rocket launcher, a rocket

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launcher made of wood and capable of firing 320 rocket arrows. The text also describes a
portable rocket carrier consisting of a sling and a bamboo tube.
∙ Rockets were introduced to western warfare during the Napoleonic Wars; the Congreve
rockets was a British weapon devised by Sir William Congreve in 1804 after
experiencing Indian rockets at the Seige of Seringapatam (1799) Congreve rockets were
launched from an iron trough about 18 inches (45 centimetres) in length, called a
"chamber". These chambers could be fixed to the ground for horizontal launching,
secured to a folding copper tripod for high angle fire or mounted on frames on carts or
the decks of warships.
∙ What are the existing solutions to the problem? (Search through Internet,
Journals, Patents, Books, Local Shops and Online shopping Sites etc.
Collect information about 4 existing products)

Missile launcher

http://www.larsentoubro.com/heavy-engineering/products-
services/defence-aerospace/land-weapon-systems/missile-launchers/

It is an all-electric system with low voltage DC Servo Drives for quick response and accurate
positioning. The Launcher is equipped with three Surface-to-Air Akash missiles. AAFL is
designed for tracking and launching missiles in single or salvo mode, based on commands
received from the launch centre. It is fitted with electro-mechanical outriggers with an auto-
levelling feature, which stabilises the launcher.

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2) Missile Tanker

http://aermech.in/s-400-sa-21-growler-air-defence-missile-systemindian-army/

S-400 Triumph Design and Features

The S-400 Triumph can engage all types of aerial targets including aircrafts, unmanned aerial vehicles
(UAV),and ballistic and cruise missile within the range of 400-600 km. The system also capable of
engaging stealth aircraft at an altitude of up to 56 km. The system can simultaneously engage 36 targets
at one time.

− What is working principle behind the existing products?

Law of moment of conversation is the principle of missile launcher how much force
apply to launch the ping-pong ball.

F1=-F2

M1V1=-M1V2

If momentum lost by one object is gained by the other objects.

The impulses are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction.

F1t1=-F2t2

−
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− What are the different components or sub components of the

existing products?
− Components
1) Ping-pong ball
2) DC-motor
3) Pipe
4) Battery
5) Spring
6) Wheels
7) Arduino UNO

Based on the knowledge about existing products, what all

technology, components or modules are needed for the design of
your product.

(*) DC-Motor

(*) Battery

− Do you have the expertise about the technology, components or

modules needed for your course project?
No, we do not have any expertise about the technology, components or modules
needed for our components.

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− Can you identify the people of different expertise which you need
for designing across the institute?
No, we couldn’t identify

− Have you met and discussed with any other teams who have
selected the same need statement.

Yes, we have discussed

− What are their solution ideas to design the product?

They are using programing technology

− When compared with your problem statement, what is wrong with

the way the problem that will be solved by other teams?
They are using pipe which is 4cm in diameter, the ping pong ball itself is 4cm the ball
would get stuck in the pipe.

The distance is too large for the ball to launch.

− When compared with your problem statement, what is right about

the way the problem that will be solved by other teams?
Distance for the ball to travel is around 3-6 meters.

360-degree rotation.

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∙ How much will people pay for a solution to the problem?

300 rupees only

∙ What other factors are important to the problem solution (such as safety,
aesthetics and environmental issues)?
∙ It is eco-friendly and it does not harm anyone.

Bibliography

1) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rocket_launcher
2) Joseph Needham (1974). Science and Civilization in China: Military Technology The Gunpowder
Epic
3) Congreve, William (1814), The Details of the Rocket System J. Whiting, London
4) Bailey, Jonathan B. A. (2004), Field Artillery and Firepower, Naval Institute Press, Anapolis, ISBN
1-59114-029-3 (p.177)
5) https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics/discoveries/projectile-launcher/v/build-a-ping-
pong-ball-launcher
6) http://www.instructables.com/howto/Mini%20missile%20launcher/

https://cdn.instructables.com/FQG/3YHN/GW88TOLY/FQG3YHNGW88TOLY.MEDIUM.jpg

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5. Feasible alternate solutions

Idea no: 1.

Here ping pong ball is launched as a catapult, where the motor rotates the wheel
which in turn connected to hook, the motor rotates slowly and then there the
restoring force is stored in a spring where the motor stops automatically, the
restored force force pushes the catapult forward.

The catapult will be stopped by the thread connected to it and again the motor
starts and again the thread will and restoring force is generated and this process
is continued.

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Idea no: 2.

The above ping pong ball launcher is an automated device which can move
on its own. When the launcher starts moving with the help of the wheels
which are connected to the motors it moves till the IR sensor senses an
obstacle, when the IR sensor senses an obstacle, the wheels stop moving and
3 balls are launched for 3 seconds it is programmed through Arduino.

Idea no: 3.

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The missile launcher launches the ping pong ball automatically with desired angle.
The launching process is done by using spring where the restoring force is
generated with the help of motor and the mechanical hands linked between the
spring and motor. The whole launcher can be moved up to 3-4 meters.

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Idea no :4

The ping pong ball launcher is made up of using servo, two dc motors, two 0 rings,
Arduino, and motor controller and IR sensor.

Above is built first and then on it the body is built we use a servo motors to
dispense the ball. Two motors with wheels are attached to give speed to the balls
and shoot them. This is a ping pong ball launcher designed to be controlled by an
Arduino. If we to shoot more than two balls at a time we can add a PVC pipe on its
top. In order to let the servo lift more. The launcher maybe extended. The base is
fitted with wheels so that it is made to move around and an IR sensor is attached
to the launcher to detect an obstacle. This way the ping pong ball launcher works.

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6. Analysis of alternatives
The weightage given for the design considerations are as mentioned below.

 Appearance: 8 percent (8 points)

 Cost: 12 percent (12 points)
 Efficiency: 30 percent (30 points)
 Technology: 50 percent (50 points)

The percent indicating the weightages for the criteria are decided in pairwise comparison chart.
Below is the decision matrix for analyzing and selecting the best solution out of four feasible
ones.

Criteria Weight (%) Design 1 Design 2 Design 3 Design 4

Appearance 8 8 6 9
8%
Rate X Weight 64 64 48 72

Cost 5 6 9 4
12%
Rate X Weight 60 72 108 48

Efficiency 8 8 7 9
30%
Rate X Weight 240 240 210 270

Technology 8 7 6 9
50%
Rate X Weight 400 350 300 450

Total 100% 764 726 666 840

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Design 1:

Appearance: 8 points. The appearance of this design is more pleasing when compared to the
design 3 and 4.

Cost: 5 points. This design when compared with design 2 and 3, is having low cost.

Efficiency: 8 points. This design is more efficient than design 3.

Technology: 8 points. This design has more use of technology than design 2 and 3.

Design 2:

Appearance: 8 points. The appearance of this design is more pleasing when compared to the
design 3 and 4.

Cost: 6 points. This design when compared with other designs other than design 3 it is having
high cost.

Efficiency: 8 points. This design is more efficient than design 3.

Technology: 7 points. This design has more use of technology than design 3. But design 1 has
more use of technology.

Design 3:

Appearance: 6 points. The appearance of this design is less pleasing when compared to the all
other designs.

Low Cost: 9 points. This design when compared with other designs it has the highest cost.
Therefore, it is rejected.

Efficiency: 7 points. This design is least efficient when compared to the other designs.

Technology: 6 points. This design has the least use of technology when compared to the other
designs.

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Design 4:

Appearance: 9 points. The appearance of this design is more aesthetically pleasing when
compared to the other designs.

Low Cost: 4 points. This design when compared to all other designs it is having the lowest cost

Efficiency: 9 points. This design is the most efficient when compared to the other designs.

Technology: 9 points. This design has the most use of technology when compared to the other
designs.

Based on the decision matrix created we have come to a conclusion that design idea no. 4 is the
best alternative and is selected as final design.

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7. Detailed design of final solution

Detailed Drawing

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Electrical/Electronic Circuit Diagram

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Arduino Program
int irstate;
void setup()
{

pinMode(11,OUTPUT); //INPUT 1 L1
pinMode(10,OUTPUT); // INPUT 2 L1
pinMode(9,OUTPUT); //INPUT 3 L1
pinMode(8,OUTPUT); //INPUT 4 L1
pinMode(7,INPUT); //IR SENSOR

pinMode(5,OUTPUT); //INPUT 1 L2
pinMode(4,OUTPUT); //INPUT 2 L2
}
void loop()
{
irstate=digitalRead(7); //READING OF IR
if (irstate==HIGH) //OBSTACLE SENSED
{

digitalWrite(11,LOW);
digitalWrite(10,LOW);
digitalWrite(9,LOW);
digitalWrite(8,LOW);
digitalWrite(5,LOW); //BM ROTATES CLKW
digitalWrite(4,HIGH);
delay(5000);
digitalWrite(11,LOW);
digitalWrite(10,LOW);
digitalWrite(9,LOW);
digitalWrite(8,HIGH);
delay(5000);

}
if(irstate==LOW)
{
//digitalWrite(1,LOW); //BM STOPS
//digitalWrite(6,LOW); //FM STOPS
// digitalWrite(13,HIGH); //W1 STARTS
//digitalWrite(12,HIGH); //W2 STARTS
digitalWrite(11,LOW); //W1 ROTATES CLKW
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digitalWrite(10,HIGH);
digitalWrite(9,LOW); //W2 ROTATES CLKW
digitalWrite(8,HIGH);
digitalWrite(5,LOW);
digitalWrite(4,LOW);
delay(10);
// digitalWrite(3,LOW);
// digitalWrite(2,LOW);
}
}

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Bill of materials

Sl. Part Name Material with Description about part Quantit

No
1 Arduino Uno which
-- the Uno y1
part is made require
2 Motor Driver -- L298 2
up of d
3 Wheel Plastic Dia-6cm 3
4 Pipe PVC 20cm-length and dia-5cm 1
5 DC Motor -- 100 rpm,1500rpm 4
6 Jumper wires Copper Male to Female 15
7 Ping Pong balls Plastic 40 cm dia 6
8 Chases Iron 20*11cm 1
9 12v Battery -- Rechargeable Lead Acid 1
10 9V Battery -- Use and Throw 2
11 Elbow PVC Connecting pipe 1
12 Wires Copper 3M 1
13 Two way stick -- -- 5
14 Insulating Tape Plastic -- 5
15 Breadboard -- -- 1
16 IR Sensor -- -- 1
17 Switch -- -- 1
18 Screw Iron -- 5

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8. Implementation

While construction of the prototype.

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Working on the circuit connections

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Ball successfully launching

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The launcher senses the bottles and then executes 3 ping pong ball.

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Financial Bill

Sl. No Item with description Quantity Price in Rs.

1 Arduino Uno 1 375
2 Motor Driver 2 500
3 Wheel 3 150
4 Pipe 1 50
5 DC Motor 4 360
6 Jumper wires 15 45
7 Ping Pong balls 6 -
8 Chases 1 120
9 12v Battery 1 450
10 9V Battery 2 40
11 Elbow 1 20
12 Wires 1 -
13 Two way stick 5 40
14 Insulating Tape 5 40
15 Bread Board 1 -
16 IR Sensor 1 45
17 Screw 12 10
18 Switch 1 10
Total 2,255

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9. Testing:
Initially, after choosing the best design from the alternative designs. The program was
uploaded, and then the connections were made according to the circuit and then the
balls were made to launch. Ensured that our solution is working by checking the working
of the prototype.

Our solution hasn’t satisfied all the criteria that we have set earlier, because our
prototype’s upper movement is not moving.

We test our prototype by checking the program that we have uploaded and by checking
the connections as per the program, and checking the flow of current in the L298 driver
by using the multimeter.

Yes, we came across failure of connections while testing.

By neatly checking the connections.

By correcting the connections.

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10. Limitations of Present work and Future Scope

LIMITATIONS: -

 The sensor senses the obstacle within a short range.

 The model doesn’t work on terrain or rough surfaces.
 At the places where there is continuous light, the ball keeps launching.
 The ball cant travel a distance more than 5m.
 Model can’t be switched on for a long time, it will drain power from the battery.
 The ball is launched only at 45 degree. It can’t be launched at any other angle other than
45.

FUTURE SCOPE:

In future the scope of this model is high, because this model is eco-friendly, and it is very easy
to use and operate. The manufacturing process for this model is very easy, and can be done in a
short period of time. This model can be used by the table tennis player for practicing when
there is no opponent. This model can be useful for the defense purpose, because of low cost
and it can be easily moved around. It is likely that technological advances in the near future
could significantly improve the model or facilitate its construction.

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