SMART CITY

INTRODUCTION
The first question is what is meant by a ‘smart city’. The answer is,
there is no universally accepted definition of a smart city. It means
different things to different people. The conceptualisation of Smart
City, therefore, varies from city to city and country to country,
depending on the level of development,

By 2050, 60% of the world population is expected to live in urban areas,

the challenge will be to supply these population with basic resources
while also ensuring overall economic, social and 1 environmental
sustainability (Sustainable Development). Cities worldwide have
started to look for solutions which enable these three element of
sustainable to be implemented. Many of the new approaches related
to urban services have been based on harnessing technologies,
including ICT and helping to create what some call “smart cities.”

Need of Smart City

Basic infrastructure ,uses ‘smart’ solutions to make infrastructure and
services better, and relies on Area based development. It also make
things easy.

As India is urbanizing at an unprecedented rate, so much that estimates

suggest nearly 600 million of Indians will be living in cities by 2030, up
from 290 million as reported in the 2001 census.
History of Smart City Project
Throughout history, a city’s evolution has been marked by the needs
of its residents and by its ability to integrate new innovations into its
structure and way of life. In this regard, it is important to note the
fundamental role played by technology.
Water and sanitation distribution networks, electricity and gas
networks and intercity transport systems are all clear examples of
technological applications that have changed city life. The next step in
this constant process of evolution will undoubtedly focus on the
introduction of ‘smart’ urban infrastructure and service management
through the application of information and communications systems.

FEATURES
• Smart parking
• Intelligent transport system
• Tele-care
• Traffic management
• Smart grids
• Smart urban lighting
• Waste management
• Smart city maintenance
• Smart taxi
• Digital-signage.
 Some typical features of comprehensive development in Smart Cities
are described below.
1. Promoting mixed land use in area-based developments — planning
for ‘unplanned areas’ containing a range of compatible activities
and land uses close to one another in order to make land use more
efficient. The States will enable some flexibility in land use and
building bye-laws to adapt to change
2. Housing and inclusiveness — expand housing opportunities for all
3. Creating walkable localities — reduce congestion, air pollution and
resource depletion, boost local economy, promote interactions and
ensure security. The road network is created or refurbished not
only for vehicles and public transport, but also for pedestrians and
cyclists, and necessary administrative services are offered within
walking or cycling distance
4. Preserving and developing open spaces — parks, playgrounds, and
recreational spaces in order to enhance the quality of life of
citizens, reduce the urban heat effects in Areas and generally
promote eco-balance
5. Promoting a variety of transport options — Transit Oriented
Development (TOD), public transport and last mile para-transport
connectivity
6. Making governance citizen-friendly and cost effective —
increasingly rely on online services to bring about accountability
and transparency, especially using mobiles to reduce cost of
services and providing services without having to go to municipal
offices; form e-groups to listen to people and obtain feedback and
use online monitoring of programs and activities with the aid of
cyber tour of worksites
7. Giving an identity to the city — based on its main economic activity,
such as local cuisine, health, education, arts and craft, culture,
sports goods, furniture, hosiery, textile, dairy, etc
8. Applying Smart Solutions to infrastructure and services in area-
based development in order to make them better.
 THE CORE INFRASTRUCTURE ELEMENTS IN A SMART
CITY WOULD INCLUDE:
1. Adequate Water Supply
2. Assured Electricity Supply
3. Sanitation, including Solid Waste Management
4. Efficient Urban Mobility and Public Transport
5. Affordable housing, especially for the poor
6. Robust IT connectivity and digitalization
7. Good governance, especially e-Governance and citizen participation
8. Sustainable environment
9. Safety and security of citizens, particularly women, children and the
elderly.

Working principal of Smart City

Smart cities use data and technology to create efficiencies, improve
sustainability, create economic development, and enhance quality of
life factors for people living and working in the city. It also means that
the city has a smarter energy infrastructure.

Challenges
• Strategy of area-based development.
• Citizen involvement is a key to the success of the Smart Cities
Mission.
• The involvement has to start from beginning to the end.
• The Smart Cities Mission requires smart people who actively
participate in governance and reforms. Citizen involvement is
much more than a ceremonial participation in governance. Smart
people involve themselves in the definition of the Smart City,
 decisions on deploying Smart Solutions, implementing reforms,
doing more with less and oversight during implementing and
designing post-project structures in order to make the Smart City
developments sustainable.

Advantages of Smart City

• More effective, data-driven decision-making.
• Enhanced citizen and government engagement.
• Safer communities.
• Reduced environmental footprint.
• Improved transportation.
• Increased digital equity.
• New economic development opportunities
• Efficient public utilities.

Disadvantage
• Privacy concerns for its citizen
• Security and Safety concerns
• Cost of living
• Awareness of citizens
• Battery replacement and charging issues.

Future of Smart Cities

In future smart cities the first thing is if we talk about current condition
citizens are not able to accept that things can be that much easy in
future people will easily accept the fact.

The technology will be more accurate or we can say there are some
lags we are facing presently like if we talk about India there is a huge
problem of internet speed so we have to overcome this and many
other problem similar to this problem.

➢ Smart Transportation
You have probably seen a lot of companies create vehicles that they
believe will play a major role in the coming age of the smart city.
From Toyota to Renault, these companies have showcased fully
autonomous vehicles, cars capable of understanding their
surrounding environment to make decisions.

➢ Smart Energy
The idea of having a zero emission city is not too far away from
becoming reality.
The future smart city will include a host of clean energy sources to
power its city. Energy in smart cities is efficient, using less energy
because of the constant real-time data collection and analysis

➢ Smart Infrastructure
As hinted on above, the large collection and analysis of data will play a
big role in the planning of more smart cities down the road. With the
data collected, city planners and architects could create buildings that
are optimized for people based on previous data.
City areas or technologies that were nonexistent can be tested on
citizens to ensure that they truly benefit citizens.
Even more so, smart infrastructure allows for the prevention of public
health issues, potentially stopping airborne illnesses or water
contaminations before they even happen.

➢ Smart security system

Video Surveillance and Analytics
There has been a growing shift to IP based CCTV cameras that provide
significant advantages such as scalability, remote monitoring over
internet and easy sorting of digital video files. These IP-based
solutions also support intelligent video analytics that augment the
video surveillance systems with real-time detection and alerts for
defined events.
Collaborative Monitoring
Many cities typically have surveillance systems deployed by multiple public
and private establishments. A safe city solution with a collaborative
framework can receive video feeds from these systems and sub-systems to
ensure real-time responses.
Automatic Number Plate Recognition (ANPR)
This surveillance solution uses optical character recognition on images
to read the license plates on vehicles. This is mostly used at borders
or traffic signals to identify and cross-check vehicles with a
comprehensive vehicles database to provide actionable intelligence in
case of vehicle theft, etc
Facial Recognition System (FRS)
This solution is a computer application which automatically identifies
or verifies a person from a digital image, or a video frame from a
video source. This solution uses a combination of eye zone extraction
and facial recognition on neural network technology. Recognitions are
regardless of vantage point and facial changes (glasses, beard and
expression). The system has a short processing time and a high
recognition rate of upto 100 faces per image/frame
References:
Wikipedia

Smartcities.gov.in

www.techopedia.com

https://economictimes.indiantimes.com

www.quora.com

www.bestcurrentaffairs.com

www.globalsign.com

www.strate.education

www.allerin.com

www.govtech.com
INDEX:
➢ Introduction
➢ Need of Smart City
➢ History of Smart city
➢ Feature of Smart City
➢ Working principle of Smart City
➢ Challenges
➢ Advantages
➢ Disadvantages
➢ Future of Smart City
➢ Conclusion
➢ References
 Conclusion:
The smart cities concept has gained a lot of attention lately and it will
most likely continue to do so in the future. Cities are publishing smart
plans, related conferences are trending and more and more books are
being written on the subject.

Smart technologies can provide solutions for cities by helping them

save money, reduce carbon emissions and manage traffic flows. But
the complexity of the agenda is hindering its progress. It involves a
large number of stakeholders (local authorities, citizens, technology
companies and academics) each having their own vision of what a
smart city should be; most of the debate gets bogged down on trying
to understand what ‘smart’ means rather than focusing on how it can
help cities meet their goals. Moreover, since the market for smart
technologies is relatively new, it needs new business models and ways
of working which are yet to be developed and implemented.

Cities should find their own definition of what ‘smart’ means, mainly
by:
• Integrating smarter technologies with their economic development
and public services plans and considering how technology or use of
data might help them achieve existing objectives more effectively
• Focusing on pragmatic approaches
• Adopting a participatory approach to setting and delivering
strategies and initiatives.
The private sector should:
• Work in partnership with cities on designing products and services
that are financially viable and respond to local needs and challenges
• Work with relevant parties on identifying and building the business
models needed to enable to take projects forward.
The Government should continue to make funding available to test
new products and initiatives and also make sure that:
• Efforts are coordinated rather than isolated (across the different
Catapults for example, where there is currently a risk of unintended
duplication)
• Initiatives like the Smart Cities Forum involve representatives and
gather insights from all the relevant sectors