Final Lecture

Prestress Losses
 Example-4
For the beam of cross section shown in Figure, analyze the flexural
stresses at midspan at transfer and in service. The beam is prestressed
with Grade-250 steel with 1/2 in strands providing a total area Aps=1.25
in2, use f c = 6000 psi, and assume that the concrete has attained a
strength of 5000 psi at the time of transfer. The initial prestress at jacking
is 0.8 fpu. Compute the losses and find the stresses at service. The
service dead load = 0.25 kip/ft, which does not include the weight of the
beam. The service live load = 1.0 kip/ft. Use n = 7. Assume that the
entire cross section is effective and use the transformed area (neglecting
displaced concrete) for the moment of inertia.
Example-4
Example-4
Prestressing steel Grade 250 fpu =250 ksi

Area od steel Aps= 1.25 in2

Jacking stress = 0.80 fpu = 0.80(250)=200 ksi

Initial prestressing force = 200*1.25 = 250 kips

 Example-4 Stress at Transfer
The stresses a. Initial prestress The stresses due to the beam weight
 Example-4 Prestress Losses PCI
Elastic Shortening

Stress due Stress due to Stress due Stress at

Elastic Shortening to P/S Eccen. of P/S to self wt Transfer
Losses (ES)
E ps From the Stress diagram above fcir = -1.04-0.67+0.189= -1.52 ksi
ES  f cir n = Eps/Eci = 7.2
Eci From the equation
250 250×4.722 28.1×12×4.72
𝑓𝑐𝑖𝑟 = − 240 − + =-1.519 ksi
8331 8331

fcir Concrete stress @ level of tendon Elastic Shortening ES = 7.2 x 1.52 = 6.384 ksi
due to prestressing effect @ transfer
and self-weight of member
Example-4 Prestress Losses PCI
Stress Loss due to Creep
Creep Loss (CR) Ep Kcr = 2.0 for pretensioned members
CR  K cr  f cir  f cds 
Ec Eps/Ec = n = 6.568
250 250×4.722 28.1×12×4.72
From the previous slide 𝑓𝑐𝑖𝑟 = − 240 − 8331 + =-1.519 ksi
8331

M e fcds : concrete stress at center of gravity of the tendons due to all dead
f cds  sd loads except the dead load present at transfer
Ig

28.1×12×4.72
M sd 𝑓𝑐𝑑𝑠 = + = 0.191 ksi
8331

Creep (CR) = 2.0 x 6.568 x (1.52 -0.191) = 17.46 ksi

Example-4 Prestress Losses PCI
Stress Loss due to Shrinkage
Shrinkage Loss (SH) 𝑉
𝑆𝐻 = 8.2 × 10−6 𝐾𝑠ℎ 𝐸𝑝𝑠 (1 − 0.06 )(100 − 𝑅𝐻
𝑆
Ksh = 1.0 for pretensioned members RH = Relative Humidity =50%
V/S = 20x12/(2x40+2x12) = 2.31

𝑆𝐻 = 8.2 × 10−6 × 1.0 × 29000(1 − 0.06 × 2.31)(100 − 50) = 10.24 ksi

Shrinkage Loss (SH) = 10.24 ksi

Example-4 Prestress Losses PCI
Stress Loss due to Relaxation of Steel
Relaxation Loss (SH) 𝑅𝐸 = [𝐾𝑟𝑒 − 𝐽 𝑆𝐻 + 𝐶𝑅 + 𝐸𝑆 𝐶
Kre = 18500 for stress relieved strand of 250 grade
J = 0.14 C=1.0 for low relaxation and stress relieved strands

𝑅𝐸 = 18.500 − 0.14 6.38 + 17.46 + 10.24 1.0 = 13.73 𝑘𝑠𝑖

Relaxation Loss (RE) = 13.73 ksi
Total Loss (TL) = ES + SH + CR + RE = 47.8 ksi

𝐴𝑠 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝐴𝐶𝐼 = 50 𝑘𝑠𝑖