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EXPERIMENT No.4
1.0 Title:
To identify the type of flow by using Reynolds Apparatus.
2.0 Prior concepts:
Density, viscosity, discharge.
1.0 New concepts:
Proposition 1: Reynold’s number.
Reynolds number ‘Re’ is the ratio of inertia force to the viscous force where viscous
force Is the product of shear stress and area inertia force is the product of mass and
acceleration.
Inertia force
Re =
Viscous force
pVD
Re =
µ
Where,
Re = Reynolds number
V = Velocity of fluid (m/s)
D = Diameter of Pipe (m)
µ = Co-efficient of Dynamic viscosity (N – s/m2 )
1.0 Learning Objectives :
Intellectual skill:
1.To know the concept of Reynolds number.
2.To know and identify the types of flow laminar, turbulent and transition.
Motor skill:
1.Ability to measure the dimensions of measuring tank.
2.Ability to observe dye filament to clarify the type of flow.
3.Ability to operate valves gradually and carefully.
4.To measure actual discharge and recording observations.
2.0 Apparatus :
1.Reynolds’s apparatus which consists glass tube, water tank and a small dye container at the
top of tank.
2.Potassium permanganate (dye).
3.Thermometer.
4.Measuring tank.
5.Stop watch.
3.0 Diagram :
Inlet control valve Dye Tank
Control valve for dye
Pipe Control valve
Tank
Glass pipe
Measuring Tank
Piezometer
Piezometer
Waste
Dye line
Control valve
a) Laminar
b) Transition
c) Turbulent
Type of flow can be decided by using the limits of Reynolds number as given below.
5.0 Observations:
1.Inner diameter of glass tube, D = ……………………..
pD2
2.Cross – sectional area of glass tube = A=
4
3.Mass density of water = p=………………..
4.Average Room temperature= ……………………….
5.Dynamic viscosity of water at room temp = µ = ……………………
6.Area of tank = l x b = ……………………….
7.Name of dye used = ……………………….
Observation Table
Table for Calculating Reynolds number