DEPARTMENT OF CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING &

MANAGEMENT
SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION (CEM-812)
TERM PROJECT REPORT
Topic:
Energy Rating Systems with Focus on LEED

Group Members:
Faizan ur Rehman

Muhammad Khan

Muhammad Maaz Khan

Asadullah

Instructor: Sir Jibran Hashmi

 Contents

Introduction

Description of some rating systems.

LEED

Case Study

Some LEED certified Products in Pakistan

References
 Introduction to Green Building Rating Systems
Buildings have extensive direct and indirect impacts on the environment. During their construction,
occupancy, renovation, repurposing, and demolition, buildings use energy, water, and raw materials,
generate waste, and emit potentially harmful atmospheric emissions. These facts have prompted the creation
of green building standards, certifications, and rating systems aimed at mitigating the impact of buildings
on the natural environment through sustainable design. During the late 20th century, awareness of the
impact of technology and the expanding human population on the Earth increased. People started to expand
their efforts to reduce their environmental impact and buildings started to become recognized as major
contributors to the world's energy usage, landfill waste and diminishing green space

The push toward sustainable design increased in the 1990s with the creation of Building Research
Establishment's Environmental Assessment Method (BREEAM), the first green building rating system in
the U.K. In 2000, the U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC) followed suit and developed and released
criteria also aimed at improving the environmental performance of buildings through its Leadership in
Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) rating system for new construction.

Green building rating or certification systems broaden the focus beyond the product to consider the
project as a whole. Rating systems are a type of building certification system that rates or rewards relative
levels of compliance or performance with specific environmental goals and requirements. Rating systems
and certification systems are frequently used interchangeably.

Green building rating and certification systems require an integrated design process to create projects that
are environmentally responsible and resource-efficient throughout a building's life-cycle: from siting to
design, construction, operation, maintenance, renovation, and demolition. A few of these programs are
single-attribute, focusing solely on water or energy, while others are multi-attribute addressing emissions,
toxicity, and overall environmental performance in addition to water and energy. While the philosophy,
approach, and certification method vary across these the systems, a common objective is that projects
awarded or certified within these programs are designed to reduce the overall impact of the built
environment on human health and the natural environment.

There are four principles that should be considered when evaluating a building rating or certification system:

• Science-based — Results and decisions must be reproducible by others using the same standard.

• Transparent — Standards and process for awarding the certification should be transparent and
open for examination.

• Objective — Certification body should be free of conflict.

• Progressive — Standards should advance industry practices, not simply reward business as usual.

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 Why Pursue A Green Building Rating Or Certification?

The reasons for pursuing a green building certification for a project are varied. Certification through any
rating system provides verification of the green nature of the project, and can be a valuable educational and
marketing tool for owners and design and construction teams through the process of creating a more
sustainable building. Green building certification can also be a way to provide an incentive for clients,
owners, designers, and users to develop and promote highly sustainable construction practices. It is
important to note that a building does not have to be certified to be sustainable and well-built.
The guidelines within rating systems also help to clarify a market filled with "green" options. Rating
systems also clearly outline what green standards need to be followed and what types of green products
should be included in construction specifications.

Benefits of Using Green Building Standards and Certification Systems

There are a wide range of economic and environmental benefits to sustainable design, often achieved
through the use of standards, rating, and certification systems. According to a study of LEED certified
buildings, the USGBC has found that energy; carbon, water, and waste can be reduced, resulting in savings
of 30 to 97% respectively. Operating costs of green buildings can also be reduced by 8-9% while increasing
in value up to 7.5%. Many sustainable buildings have also seen increases of up to 6.6% on return on
investment, 3.5% increases in occupancy, and rent increases of 3%. Other benefits of green buildings, such
as higher productivity and increased occupant health, have been attributed to better indoor environmental
quality, increases in natural day lighting, and healthier materials and products within green buildings.

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 Summary of Green Building Rating and Certification Systems

The following table and the expanded information directly below it outlines several of the most commonly used
and respected green building rating and certification systems in the marketplace.

Type of Standard /
Managing Categories/ Areas of
System Certification/ Rating Certification levels
Organization Focus/ Issues
Schemes

• New
Construction
• Energy and
• Communities
water use
• In Use
Buildings • Internal
environment
• Eco-Homes
BREEAM • Health and • Pass
• Courts
(UK, EU, well-being • Good
• Education
EFTA BRE Global • Pollution • Very good
• Healthcare
member • Transport • Excellent
• Industrial
states) • Materials • Outstanding
• International
• Waste
• Offices
• Ecology and
• Prisons
land use
• Retail
• Management
• Multi-
residential

• Site aspects
• Material
aspects
• Existing • Water use
Business
BEAM Building • Energy use • Gold
Environment
(Hong Kong) • New • Indoor • Platinum
Council
Buildings environment
al quality
• Innovations
and additions

• Hotels
• Multi-use Ministry of • First Grade
• Multi-use Land, Ministry of Land, Green
KGBC/GBCS dwelling
Transport and Transport and Building
(South • Office Maritime Maritime Affairs of • Certification
Korea) buildings Affairs of South Korea Grade Green
• Residential South Korea Building
• Schools
• Stores

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 Type of Standard /
Managing Categories/ Areas of
System Certification/ Rating Certification levels
Organization Focus/ Issues
Schemes

• Sustainable
• New Sites
Construction • Water
(NC) Efficiency
• Existing • Energy &
Buildings, Atmosphere
Operations &
• Materials &
Maintenance Resources
(EB O&M) • Indoor
• Commercial Environment • Certified
LEED Interiors (CI) U.S. Green al Quality • Silver
(United • Core & Shell Building • Locations & • Gold
States) (CS) Council Linkages
• Platinum
• Schools • Awareness
(SCH) & Education
• Retail • Innovation in
• Healthcare Design
(HC) • Regional
• Homes Priority
• Neighborhood through a set
Development of
(ND) prerequisites
and credits

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 • Management
• Design and as
• Indoor
built
Environment al
communities: Green Quality
performance,
interiors
Building • Energy
Council of • Transport • 4 Star •
• Legacy rating
Australia, • Water 5 Star
Green Star tools:
New Zealand • Materials • 6 Star
(Australia, or South • Land Use & for design and as-built
education,
New Zealand Africa Ecology communities and
health care,
administers • Emissions interiors
South Africa) industrial,
program
multiunit • Innovation • 1-6 Star for
Independent
residential,
assessors to • Governance performance
office, office
assess and • Design
interiors, retail • Livability
score projects
center and • Economic
public prosperity
building
• Environment

Type of Standard /
Managing Categories/ Areas of
System Certification/ Rating Certification levels
Organization Focus/ Issues
Schemes

CASBEE • Pre-design JSBC (Japan • Energy • S(Excellent)

(Japan) • New Sustainable efficiency • A
Construction Building • Resource • B+
• Existing Consortium) efficiency • B-
Building and its • Local • C (Poor)
• Heat island affiliated sub- environment,
• Home committees and
• Renovation • Indoor
• Urban area environment
and buildings
• Urban
development

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Green Globes Green building Green Environmental • BOMA Best
guidance and Building assessment areas to level 1
assessment program Initiative in earn credits in:
• BOMA Best
for: the U.S.
level 2
BOMA • Energy
• Existing Canada • Indoor • BOMA Best
buildings Environment level 3
• New • Site • BOMA Best
construction • Water level 4
• Resources
• Emissions
• Project/Envir
onmental
Management

No prerequisites

Green Building types Pertubuhan • Energy • Certified

Building covered: Akitek Efficiency • Silver
Index (GBI) i. Residential Malaysia • Indoor • Gold
- Malaysia ii. Non- (PAM) and Environment • Platinum
Residential the Quality
Association of • Sustainable
Consulting Site Planning
Engineers & Mgmt:
Malaysia • Materials &
(ACEM) Resources
• Water
Efficiency
• Innovation

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BREEAM® Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Method:

BREEAM is the world's leading sustainability assessment method for master

planning projects, infrastructure and buildings. It addresses a number of
lifecycle stages such as New Construction, Refurbishment and In-Use. Globally
there are more than 530,000 BREEAM certified developments, since it was first
launched in 1990 throughout the UK, EU, EFTA member states.

BREEAM provides different types of assessments, including:

o Pre-assessment. o Design and procurement assessments. o Management and operation
assessments.
o Post construction reviews and covers the whole life cycle of buildings.

BEAM Plus® The Building Environmental Assessment Method:

BEAM was established as a voluntary certification system by the Hong Kong

Environmental Assessment Method (HK-BEAM) society in 1996. In 2010,
Hong Kong Green Building Council (HKGBC) took the existing rating system
and launched a new assessment tool and revamped the rating system, now
BEAM Plus.

BEAM is intended to:

o Stimulate demand for more sustainable buildings in HK and other regions. o Giving recognition
for improved performance and minimizing false claims.
o Provide a common set of performance Reduce the environmental impacts of buildings throughout
the planning, design, construction, management and demolition life cycle.
o Increase awareness in the building community, and ensure that environmental considerations are
integrated at the beginning of a project.

KGBC Korean Green Building Council:

Green Building Certification System (GBCS) was established in 2002 in South

Korea, by the Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs, taking turns
every two years with the Ministry of Environment to operate the jointly
adopted plan. It is currently known as the Korea Green Building Certification
(KGBC).

KGBC rating is achieved through earning points in each of these categories:

o Energy efficiency and load on the environment o Indoor environmental quality

o Land use o Transportation o Ecology

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GREEN STAR®:

Green Star is the green building rating system used in Australia, and has been
adapted and licensed to the New Zealand (Green Star NZ) and South Africa
(Green Star SA) green building councils for use in their respective markets.
It was launched by the Green Building Council of Australia in 2003.

Green star rating schemes, which are:

o Design and as built communities: performance, interiors;
o Legacy rating tools: education, health care, industrial, multiunit residential, office, office
interiors, retail center and public building.

CASBEE® Comprehensive Assessment System for Environment Efficiency:

CASBEE developed by Japan Green Building Council (JaGBC) and Japan
Sustainable Building Consortium (JSCB). It was established in 2003.

CASBEE has six categories. Points are awarded in each category, then
weighted and divided into two sections:

1. Quality (Q), which includes:

• Indoor environment.
• Quality of service.
• Outdoor environment on site.
2. Loading (L), which includes:
• Energy.
• Resources and materials.
• Offsite environment

GREEN GLOBES®:

It was originated in Canada and was brought to the U.S. by the Green
Building Initiative (GBI) in 2004. It is now cited in many Federal, State, and
Municipal mandates.

Buildings are rated on a 1,000 point scale spread across seven categories:

o Energy.
o Indoor Environment. o Site. o Water. o Resources. o Emissions. o Project/Environmental
Management.
Users can indicate that certain credits may not be applicable to a project, a feature unique to Green Globes.
It also does not have prerequisites. A Green Globes rating requires a Green Globes Assessor to perform an
onsite assessment of the building. This ensures that the self-reported claims made in the online
documentation are verified. Both new construction and existing buildings can be evaluated using Green
Globes; commercial or multifamily.

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 GREEN BUILDING INDEX (GBI)- MALAYSIA®:

The Green Building Index (GBI) is Malaysia’s industry recognized green

rating tool for buildings to promote sustainability in the built
environment and raise awareness among Developers, Architects,
Engineers, Planners, Designers, Contractors and the Public about
environmental issues and our responsibility to the future generations.

The assessment of commercial and residential properties under the GBI rating tool is based on six main
criteria as follows:

• Energy Efficiency (EE)

• Indoor Environment Quality (EQ)
• Sustainable Site Planning & MANAGEMENT (SM)
• Materials & Resources (MR)
• Water Efficiency (WE)
• Innovation (IN

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 LEED® Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design:

LEED is used throughout North America as well as in more than 30 countries with over 6,300 projects
currently certified across the globe and over 21,000 projects registered. It was established in 1998.

The Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) rating system was developed by the U.S.
Green Building Council (USGBC). The first LEED rating system developed was for new construction.
Currently, LEED has been expanded to include several additional rating systems.

Most of the LEED rating systems focus on the design and construction stages of a building. LEED for
Existing Buildings Operations and Maintenance (LEED-EBOM), which was referred to as LEED for
Existing Buildings (LEED-EB) until 2009, is for existing buildings and for buildings that were originally
certified under new construction and are seeking recertification.

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Overall, certification processes for both new and existing buildings are nearly the same. The existing
building certification process also requires a performance period of three months to two years during which
performance data, such as energy and water usage, is collected. As of 2013, LEED launched LEED v4
which includes variations for data centers, warehouses and distribution centers, hospitality, existing schools
and retail and mid-rise residential projects. LEED v4 allows the opportunity for LEED to fit the unique
aspects of different projects.

LEED Designations along with their features:

• LEED-NC: New Construction, for commercial, institutional, and high-rise residential buildings.

• LEED-EB: Existing Buildings, which includes criteria for maintenance, operations, and
refurbishments.

• LEED-CI: Commercial Interiors, for tenant fir-outs.

• LEED-CS: Core and Shell, which covers a building’s structure, envelope, and basic mechanical/
electrical/plumbing systems.

• LEED-H: Homes, a collaborative effort with local green homes programs, include single and
multiunit versions.

• LEED for Schools

• LEED for Retail, which includes new construction, and commercial interiors versions.

• LEED Neighborhood Development.

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LEED Categories:

LEED rating is achieved through earning points in each of these seven categories:

• Sustainable Sites

• Water Efficiency

• Energy and Atmosphere

• Materials and Resources

• Indoor Environmental Quality

• Regional Priority

• Innovation in Design.

Outside of the United States, there are two options for using the LEED system. One is to adapt the LEED
ratings to the local system by working with the U.S. Green Building Council. Under this option, certification
would be completed by the local system.
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Many countries have implemented and adapted this option or are in the process of adopting LEED for their
own usage, including but not limited to Brazil, China, Canada, India, Philippines and Spain. These
countries have their own versions of LEED that are regulated by the Green Building Council within each
country (IGBC 2008; Spain GBC 2010; Canada GBC 2010; GBCB 2008). Several other countries are also
developing their own versions of LEED.

The second option for using LEED outside of the United States is to certify the international system under
the U.S. version of LEED. If this option is pursued, the building is subject to the codes and regulations of
the United States and the USGBC, and the regional priority credits are not available. When used in the
United States, the regional priority credits give greater weight to certain credits based on the region of the
U.S. in which the building is located. However, in other countries some of these credits may not be
sustainable solutions. As all documentation for certification is submitted through the LEED online system,
it is not necessary for an assessor to come to the project site (Julien, 2009).

LEED Certification Process and Accredited Professionals

The first step in achieving LEED certification is to register the building with the Green Building
Certification Institute (GBCI). Although the U.S. Green Building Council develops and manages the LEED
rating systems, the GBCI is responsible for all certification applications. The GBCI administers an
accreditation program for LEED Green Associates and LEED Accredited Professionals (LEED AP).The
LEED Green Associate designation is designed to be the first step in accreditation with GBCI and may be
held by those with a nontechnical background, such as marketing professionals.

Since you are required to have worked on a LEED project prior to applying for the LEED AP, this
accreditation is meant for those with a more technical background and who have demonstrated experience
in helping guide others through the LEED process. While involving a LEED Accredited Professional in a
LEED project is not mandatory, it can help streamline the certification process, provide valuable
information on achieving certification and allow one credit toward certification.

Steps to Register a Project with LEED:

1. Determine which rating system you will use.

2. Registration fee- $900 for USGBC (United State Green Building Council) $1200 for non-
members.
3. Submit your certification application.
4. Await the application review.
5. Receive the certification decision.

USGBC provides checklists for each rating system that cover the prerequisites and credits. The checklists
can be used to identify the possibility of earning each credit as a yes, no or maybe. The prerequisites must
be achieved in order to submit for certification.

The checklist should be used at the beginning of the process to determine which credits are feasible for the
building and what level of certification should be sought.

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Certification levels are:

Certified (40-49 points)

Silver (50-59 points)

Gold (60-79 points)

Platinum (80+ points)

LEED V-4 SCORECARD along with Distribution and Criteria of Credit Points:

 A project must earn a minimum 40 points on a 110-point LEED rating system scale.

 Projects earn points to satisfy green building requirements.

 The number of points the project earns determines its level of LEED certification.

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When evaluating the credits, consider the cost of achieving each credit. Costs for LEED registration can be
found at www.gbci.org. Once a project is registered, the team will have access to the USGBC's LEED
online system. This system provides online templates that must be completed for each prerequisite and
credit, and is used to upload supporting documentation. As the project progresses, be sure to document
necessary data. The LEED online system also has credit interpretation rulings that provide technical
answers to the questions officially submitted by other users. It is important to note that achieving some
credits requires that the building be occupied for a certain period of time after construction. Once all of the
documentation is assembled and the construction is finished, the documentation is submitted to the GBCI
for review and certification. The entire LEED process typically takes anywhere from one to five years,
depending on the type and requirements of the desired certification.

LEED Process: The diagram below enumerates about the traditional communication and contractual links
between various parties involved in a LEED-Design and Construction:

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  LEED needs to be integrated with the design of the building which will be the main responsibility
of LEED AP/Architect.

 Over all project team member need to buy-in the LEED instructions given by the architect in order
to make energy efficient building which will lock its opportunity to be LEED-Certified in the future.

 LEED – type of systematic construction can be accomplished through any project delivery method
(not necessarily traditional one).

Benefits of LEED:

LEED-certified buildings are designed to provide the following benefits:

• Environmental Benefits:
o Enhance and protect ecosystems and biodiversity. o Improve air and
water quality.
o Reduce solid waste.
o Conserve natural resources.
• Economic benefits:
o Reduce operating costs. o Enhance asset value and profits. o Improve
employee productivity and satisfaction.
o Optimize life-cycle economic performance.
• Health and community benefits:
o Improve air, thermal, and acoustic environments. o Enhance occupant
comfort and health. o Minimize strain on local infrastructure. o
Contribute to overall quality of life.

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 CASE STUDY ON LEED:

1. BLACKSTONE SOUTH OFFICE

46 Blackstone Street, Cambridge, MA 02139,USA

(LEED FOR EXISTING BUILDINGS V3 LEED PLATINUM, JANUARY 2012)

 In 2006 it pursued certification under the LEED for New Construction system, and earned a
Platinum rating.

 After construction, Campus Services department was particularly interested in ensuring that
the building was performing to its rigorous design specifications.

 When the building was first occupied the facility was consuming 30% more energy than the
model predicted.

 Once the energy consumption of Blackstone was reconciled to levels below the energy model
predictions, a decision was made to pursue LEED-EB certification.

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Systems installed in the Blackstone Office building:

 Heating: Hot water from steam.

 Cooling: Ground source heat pumps (GSHP).

 Ventilation: Decoupled from heating and cooling and equipped with an energy recovery
wheel.

 Special systems: Dedicated Liebert cooling unit for the Operations Center with 5 months of
free cooling (operates 24/7/365).

Lessons learned during the development of Blackstone Office Building:

 Metering
Electric sub-meters weren’t installed during the first two years, which made pinpointing early
problems difficult.

 New Technologies
The building management had no prior experience with GSHPs or energy recovery wheels.

 Design Assumptions
The original design didn’t include free cooling, and 24-hour operation of the air handling unit
was unnecessary.

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Energy Audit Reports of Blackstone Office Building:

 2008 Energy Audit provided Energy Conservation Measures, which are listed in table
below and implemented to reduce energy consumption and meet required design.

In 2011, Blackstone conducted another energy audit that identified seven measures with the
potential to further reduce the building’s energy consumption by 3%, with a simple payback period
of 1.4 years. These measures were implemented as part of the LEED-EB process.

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 Blackstone South LEED EB v.2009 Scorecard

26 Notes

4 In 2007, Blackstone South Office Building was certified LEED for New
Construction Platinum. As a result of that certification, the project earned 4
SSc1 LEED Certified Design and points under the Existing Building rating system.
Construction
1 SSc2 Building Exterior and The intent of this credit is to implement an environmentally sensitive, low
Hardscape Mgmt Plan* impact, building exterior and hardscape management plan. The scope of the
plan extends to 46 Blackstone and its associated grounds. The use of low decibel
landscaping equipment, de-icing agents containing magnesium chloride, and
low VOC paints and sealants, helped achieve this credit.

1 SSc3 Integrated Pest Mgmt, The intent of this management plan is to reduce harmful chemical use, energy
Erosion Control, and Landscape and water waste, air pollution, solid waste and chemical runoff on the project
site, while protecting its natural components. Regular inspections, pest
population monitoring, use of non toxic and non chemical controlling methods,
are implemented 100% of the time at Blackstone.

10 SSc4 Alternative Commuting The goal of this plan was to promote and document the use of an alternative
Transportation 10% commuting program whether its through carpooling, public transportation,
biking/walking, or a shared ride/drop off program. The occupants of 46
Blackstone averaged a weekly AVR (Average Vehicle Ridership) of 2.

1 SSc5 Reduced Site Disturbance - The intent of this management plan is to conserve existing natural site areas
Protect or Restore Open Space and restore damaged site areas to provide habitat and promote biodiversity. It
is required to cover a minimum of 25% of the total site area. Through the
planting of two native tree species, the Acer Rubrum and Betula Nigra, 46
Blackstone satisfied these requirements.

1 SSc6 Stormwater Quality The intent of this plan aimed to limit the disruption of natural hydrology by
Control* reducing impervious cover, increasing on-site infiltration, and reducing
pollution from stormwater runoff. With the implementation and upkeep of a
bioswale, which filters the stormwater run-off from the site, the stormwater
management plan has resulted in a 12.97% decrease in site imperviousness

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1 The intent of the Heat Island Reduction plan is to minimize impacts of
microclimates on human and wildlife habitats. Through the bi-annual cleaning
SSc7.2 Heat Island Reduction : of 46 Blackstone's roof, which has a high solar reflectance index (SRI), the
Roof project site will reduce its heat island effect.

1 SSc8 Light Pollution Reduction The intent of this plan aims to minimize light trespass from the building and
site, reduce sky glow to increase night sky access, and improve nighttime
visibility through glare reduction. With the installation of occupancy sensors, 46
Blackstone is saving a significant amount of electrical energy both during and
after operational hours of the day.

11 WATER Notes
EFFICIENCY

Y WEp1 Min The intent of this plan is to reduce indoor fixture and fitting water use within buildings
Indoor to reduce the burdens on potable water supply and wastewater systems. With the
Plumbing installation of efficient fixtures and fittings during construction, 46 Blackstone was able
Fixture and to reduce its water use by 44.85%.
Fitting
Efficiency

1 WEc1.1 Water The goal of this plan is to measure building water performance over time to
Performance understand consumption patterns and identify additional opportunities for water
Measurement: savings. In 46 Blackstone's Basement, a water meter is actively reporting domestic
Whole
Building water use. The municipality notifies occupants of any abnormalities of water use in
Metering order to ensure a reduction in water consumption.

5 WEc2 The intent of this plan is to reduce indoor fixture and fitting water use within buildings
Additional to reduce the burdens on potable water supply and wastewater systems. With the
Indoor installation of efficient fixtures and fittings during construction, 46 Blackstone was able
Plumbing to reduce its water use by 44.85%.
Fixture and
Fitting
Efficiency

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5 WEc3 Water The intent of this plan is to reduce or eliminate the use of potable water for landscape
Efficient irrigation. By taking advantage of the native vegetation, no permanent irrigation
Landscaping systems are required on the project site.

26 ENERGY & Notes

ATMOSPHERE

Y EAp1 Energy The intents of this plan promotes a continuity of information to ensure that energy
Efficiency Best efficient operating strategies are maintained and provide a foundation for training
Mgmt Practices and system analysis. Since 2007, 46 Blackstone has implemented a comprehensive
preventive maintenance plan for all of the building's mechanical, electrical, and
plumbing equipment. The buildings mechanical equipment and a portion of its
electrical equipment is constantly monitored and controlled through the building
automation system.

Y EAp2 Minimum The goal of this plan is to establish a minimum level of operating energy efficiency
Energy performance, relative to typical buildings of similar use. Since 2007, building
Efficiency management has improved the building's energy performance from an ENERGY STAR
Performance - rating of 52 to 94 through the use of the building's energy model created during
ENERGY STAR construction, and comparing its predictions to the consumption reported by building's
Rating of 69 sub-meters.

Y EAp3 The intent of this plan is to help reduce stratospheric ozone depletion by specifying
Refrigerant HVAC equipment that does not use of CFC (chlorofluorocarbon) based refrigerants.
Mgmt - Ozone
Protection

17 EAc1 Optimize As a result of improving the building's energy consumption patterns and documenting
Energy its performance through ENERGY STAR's Portfolio Manager, Blackstone achieved a
Efficiency rating of 94. As a result, this contributed 17 points to its LEED certification total.
Performance

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2 The intent of this plan is to develop an understanding of the buildings major energy
EAc2.1 Existing using systems, and evaluate options for optimizing energy performance. 46
Building Blackstone has installed several submeters that monitor all of the electric sub
Commissioning systems and help track the savings that have been implemented through energy
- Investigation conservation recommendations identified through energy audits. Examples of these

and Analysis savings were found in replacing incandescent lighting with more efficient
alternatives and installing occupancy sensors.

2 EAc2.2 Existing The goal of this credit is to implement the measures identified in EAc2.1. Moreover,
Building any implemented changes need to be reviewed with building management in order to
Commissioning ensure the building continues to function at its most efficient and sustainable level.
-
Implementation

1 EAc3.1 The intent of the building automation system (BAS) is to provide information to
Performance support the ongoing accountability and optimization of building energy
Measurement - performance. 46 Blackstone has a Siemens system which controls all the major
Building systems in the building including space heating, space cooling, and ventilation. In
Automation order to achieve this credit, the Team implemented a preventive maintenance plan
System for the BAS that is being performed by in-house mechanical technicians.

2 EAc3.2 With system-level metering, one is able to first compare actual energy consumption
Performance by end use to the levels predicted in the energy model. Second, it helps verify
Measurement - changes that have been made to the building to see if they have produced the
System-Level anticipated energy saving results. Submetering data was incredibly helpful during
Metering 40% the two energy audit processes conducted at the building.

1 EAc5 The intent of this plan is to reduce depletion of the ozone by using refrigerants with a
Refrigerant minimal impact on ozone depletion and global warming. Through the use of
Mgmt environmentally-preferable refrigerants like R-134a, 46 Blackstone is successfully
helping protect the ozone layer and reducing the amount of green house gases being
released into the atmosphere.

1 EAc6 Emissions The goal of this plan is to track and record emissions reduction produced through
Reduction energy efficient measures in 46 Blackstone. As the building reported its energy
Reporting consumption with Portfolio Manager, greenhouse gas data was producted for the
facility.

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3 MATERIALS & RESOURCES Notes

Y MRp1 Sustainable Purchasing The purpose of this policy is to reduce the environmental impacts of
Policy materials acquired for use in the operations, maintenance, and
upgrades of buildings. Within Blackstone, consumer goods like paper
toner and paper towels, durable goods like electric tools, and
furniture are monitored and analyzed to optimize efficiency.

Y MRp2 Solid Waste Mgmt The intent of this plan is to facilitate the reduction of waste generated
Policy by building occupants that is hauled to and disposed of in landfills .
Blackstone's facility manager oversees the daily recycling of consumer
goods, durable goods, construction waste, and any mercury-containing
lamps. Through 2 waste stream audits a year, Blackstone hopes to cut
ongoing consumables, durable goods, and mercury containing light
bulbs by 100% and facility alteration waste by 75%.

1 The intent of this plan aims to reduce the environmental and air
quality impacts of the materials acquired for use in the operations and
maintenance of the building. In an effort to follow through with this
MRc2.2 Sustainable Purchasing plan, 46 Blackstone recently purchased MIRRA office chairs which
- Durable Goods, furniture have zero carbon footprint, zero landfill, zero hazardous waste
generation, and zero VOC's. These chairs contributed to a sustainable
purchasing program of items that are replaced infrequently and/or may
require capital program outlays to purchase.

1 The intent of this plan is to establish and maintain a toxic material

source reduction program to reduce the amount of mercury brought
MRc4.1 Sustainable Purchasing
- Reduced Mercury in Lamps
onto the building site through purchases of lamps. Through a specific
purchasing period, Blackstone acquired various low mercury bulbs and
installed them throughout the building.

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12 INDOOR ENVIRONMENTAL
QUALITY
Y EQp1 Outdoor Air Introduction The intent of this plan is to establish minimum indoor air quality
and Exhaust Systems
Y EQp2 ETS Control
Y EQp3 Green Cleaning Policy
1 EQc1.1 IAQ Best Mgmt Practices The intent of this plan aims to enhance indoor air quality by
- IAQ Mgmt Program
1 EQc1.4 IAQ Best Mgmt Practices The intent of this plan is to reduce exposure of building occupants and
- Reduce Particulates in Air
Distribution*
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Notes
performance to enhance indoor air quality in buildings, thus
contributing to the health and well-being of the occupants. 46
Blackstone has a 100% outside air air-handling unit.
The intent of this plan is to prevent or minimize exposure of building
occupants, indoor systems and surfaces to environmental tobacco
smoke (ETS). 46 Blackstone has a no smoking policy inside or on the
surrounding grounds, keeping any ETS away from the occupants and
their workspaces.
The intent of this plan aims to reduce the exposure of building
occupants and maintenance personnel to potentially hazardous
chemical, biological and particulate contaminants. At Blackstone, a
minimum of 20% of all cleaning products used in the building are
"Green Cleaning Chemicals" and annual Green Cleaning training
programs are implemented at 46 Blackstone.
optimizing practices to prevent the development of indoor air quality
problems in the building, correcting indoor air quality problems when
they occur and maintain the well-being of the occupants. During the
performance period, building management completed the IBEAM
assessment of the building's exterior, interior, and HVAC system,
documented the issues from the audit, and addressed the no-cost
issues.
maintenance personnel to potentially hazardous particulate
contaminants. 46 Blackstone has Varicel and Green Pleat air filters
that exceed the LEED required rating of 13 minimum efficiency
reporting value (MERV) with 14. These filters are changed twice per
year with a comprehensive Preventative Maintenance in April and a
filter change test and inspection in July.
1 EQc1.5 IAQ Best Mgmt Practices The intent of this plan is to prevent indoor air quality problems
- IAQ Mgmt During Construction resulting from any construction or renovation projects to help sustain
the comfort and well being of construction workers and building
occupants. In order to satisfy these standards, any future construction
or renovation at 46 Blackstone will adhere to certain guides; Isolating
and ventilating exhaust fumes from toxic materials, specifying low
VOC finish materials, isolating occupied work areas, and coordinating
construction activities to minimize disruption of operations in the
occupied portions of the building.

1 EQc2.2 Controllability of The intent of this plan is to provide a high level of lighting system
Systems: Lighting control by individual occupants or groups in multi occupant spaces to
promote the productivity, comfort and well-being of building

occupants. 46 Blackstone provides task lighting, controllable at the

desire of the user, at all work desks and conference areas.

1 EQc2.3 Occupant Comfort -
Thermal Comfort Monitoring
The intent of this plan is to support the appropriate operations and
maintenance of buildings and building systems so that they continue
to meet target building performance goals. Blackstone undergoes a
measurement analysis every 12 months in which air speed and mean
radiant temperature readings are recorded in all occupied spaces in
order to ensure a comfortable environment is being kept.

1 EQc2.4 Occupant Comfort - As a result of the original construction, over 90% of workspaces are
Daylight and Views,(min 50%) provided with ample daylight and views to the outdoors.

1 EQc3.1 Green Cleaning - High The intent of this plan is to reduce the exposure of building occupants
Performance Cleaning Program and maintenance personnel to potentially hazardous chemical,
biological and particulate contaminants, which adversely affect air
quality, human health, building finishes, building systems and the
environment. 46 Blackstone incorporates an extensive maintenance
and cleaning program that uses low environmental impact cleaning
materials according to Green Seal standards. Maintenance also uses
micro-fiber technology where possible, disposable janitorial paper
products and trash bags, and records logs of their cleaning schedules
to ensure a consistently clean and healthy environment.

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1 EQc3.2 Custodial Effectiveness
Assessment, <3
In accordance to the APPA Leadership in Educational Facilities, 46.
Blackstone must average a score equal to or less than 3 under the
"Custodial Staffing Guidelines" Within Blackstone, the washroom,
public circulation areas, offices spaces with carpet, and the multi
purpose room all scored a 2, resulting in an overall facility
appearance level of 2.

1 EQc3.3 Green Cleaning - The intent of this plan is to reduce the environmental impacts of
Sustainable Cleaning Products, cleaning products, disposable janitorial paper products and trash
30% bags. Through sustainable purchasing, 43% of Blackstone's total
cleaning costs are used towards products like ECOsoft and Delta that
ensure low environmental impact and healthy work spaces.

1 EQc3.4 Green Cleaning - The janitorial and maintenance staff at 46 Blackstone only use
Sustainable Cleaning Equipment equipment that is CRI Green Label tested and operate with less than
90 dBA. All equipment is routinely maintained and all 7 equipment
products meet the sustainability criteria as defined by LEED.

1 EQc3.5 Green Cleaning - Indoor Routine procedures for maintaining entryways and walkways on the
Chemical and Pollutant Source site of 46 Blackstone have been consistently implemented. 12 to 20
Control feet of matting has been placed at all entryways in order to capture
any dirt or particles and prevent them from entering the building.
Along with this, regular inspections of the entry and walkways are
conducted to ensure cleanliness.

1 EQc3.6 Green Cleaning - Indoor The IPM (Integrated Pest Management) plan has ensured that no
Integrated Pest Management pesticide applications are used and a log describing what job was done
with which product is kept. Communication between maintenance
and the building occupants is also stressed so any occupants are
aware 72 hours before any pesticide are applied.

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6 0 INNOVATION AND DESIGN Notes
PROCESS

1 IDc1.1: Innovation in The project earned this innovation credit as a result of documenting
Operations: Water Use a reduction in water use by 44.85%. These strategies help protect the
Reduction natural water cycle and save water recourses for future generations.
With an average potable water reduction over the LEED
requirement of 35%, exemplary performance was achievable.

1 IDc1.2: Innovation in The project earned this innovation credit by providing ample
Operations: Daylight and daylight and views in over 90% of its occupied spaces.
Views

1 IDc1.3: Innovation in Project teams can earn 1 additional point by increasing sustainable
Operations: Durable Goods purchases of furniture to 80% of total furniture purchases. 46
- Furniture
Blackstone meets this requirement, with its sustainable furniture
purchases of 100% during the performance period.
1 IDc1.4: Innovation in Harvard has a goal of reducing GHG emissions 30 percent below the
Operations: University’s fiscal year 2006 baseline by FY2016, including growth. In
Corporationwide the period between FY2006 and FY2009, Harvard has reduced its
greenhouse gas emission green house gas production by 7%, keeping well on track for their
plan goal of 30% by FY2016. As this is a formal goal of the University that
goes beyond the scope of emissions at the building level, the project
earned an innovation credit.

1 IDc2 LEED AP
The intent of this plan is to support and encourage the operations,
maintenance, upgrade and project team integration required by LEED

to streamline the application and certification process. Kevin Bright

fulfills this requirement as a certified LEED Accredited Professional
(AP).

1 IDc3 Documenting The intent of this plan is to document sustainable building cost
Sustainable Building Cost impacts. 46 Blackstone has provided documentation from July of
Impacts 2007 to the current date showing all building operating expenses.

3 0 Regional Priority Credits Notes

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1 RPc1.1: Regional Priority As a result of earning SSc2, the project earned a regional priority
Credit: Building Exterior credit.
and Hardscape
Management

1 RPc1.2: Regional Priority As a result of earning SSc6, the project earned a regional priority
Credit: Stormwater Qualitycredit.
Control

1 RPc1.3: Regional Priority As a result of earning IEQc1.4, the project earned a regional priority
Credit: Reduce Particulates credit.
in Air Distribution

81 TOTAL

Certified 40-49 points Silver 50-59 points Gold 60-79 points Platinum 80+ points

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 SOME EXAMPLES OF LEED CERTIFIED PRODUCTS IN PAKISTAN

1. BRITISH COUNCIL LIBRARY

65- MOZANG ROAD, LAHORE, 54650, PAKISTAN

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 2. ARTISITC MILLINERS PVT LTD

PLOT#4, SECTOR 25, KARACHI 00000, PAKISTAN

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 3. SIKA PAKISTAN AD-MIX PLANT

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 REFERENCES

[1] LEED O+M: Existing Buildings v3 - LEED 2009 Blackstone South

https://www.usgbc.org/node/2552573.

[2] LEED BD+C: New Construction v3 - LEED 2009 SIKA Pakistan Ad-Mix Plant
https://www.usgbc.org/projects/sika-pakistan-admix-plant

[3] LEED BD+C: New Construction v3 - LEED 2009 British Council Library LAHORE
https://www.usgbc.org/projects/british-council-library

[4] LEED BD+C: New Construction v3 - LEED 2009 Artistic Milliners Pvt Ltd KARACHI
https://www.usgbc.org/projects/artistic-milliners-pvt-ltd

[5] https://www.usgbc.org

[6] For LEED https://new.usgbc.org/leed

[7] LEED AP https://new.usgbc.org/credentials#ap

[8] GREEN BUILDING INDEX http://new.greenbuildingindex.org/

[9] CASBEE http://www.ibec.or.jp/CASBEE/english/

[10] BREEAM https://www.breeam.com/

[11] HK BEAM https://www.hkgbc.org.hk/eng/

[12] GREEN STAR http://new.gbca.org.au/green-star/

[13] GREEN GLOBES http://www.greenglobes.com/home.asp

[14] KGBC http://www.asiagreenbuildings.com/13864/south-koreas-green-building-growth-korea-green-

building-council-chungha-cha/

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