BRUCE MK4 Handling Procedure

BRUCE ANCHOR LIMITED
ANCHOR HOUSE, CRONKBOURNE, DOUGLAS,

ISLE OF MAN, IM4 4QE, BRITISH ISLES
Tel No: +44-1624-629203 Fax No: +44-1624-622227
E-mail: engineering@bruceanchor.co.uk
Website: www.bruceanchor.co.uk
BRUCE (FFTS) MK4
ANCHOR HANDLING PROCEDURE

BRUCE (FFTS) MK4 ANCHOR
HANDLING PROCEDURE
COPYRIGHT BRUCE ANCHOR LTD
IMPORTANT
This document should be read and understood by all directing staff involved in anchor deployment and
recovery before operations commence. This will include masters of the anchor handling vessels and
winch operators.
The procedures herein refer to typical semi-submersible applications using BRUCE Flat Fluke Twin
Shank (FFTS) MK4 anchors and wire/chain mooring lines but the general principles will remain the
same for other applications.
BRUCE ANCHOR LTD would be grateful for any information, suggestions or recommendations to
improve the procedures described in this manual.
Page 2 of 81 BRUCE (FFTS) MK4 Anchor Handling Procedure

RELEASE APPROVAL STAMP
BRUCE (FFTS) MK4 Anchor Handling Procedure Page 3 of 81

CONTENTS
LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................................................................ 5
DOCUMENT REVISIONS.............................................................................................................................. 7
PART 1.0 INTRODUCTION..................................................................................................................... 8

1.1 BRUCE FLAT FLUKE TWIN SHANK (FFTS) MK4 ANCHOR .................................................................. 9
1.2 BRUCE RING CHASER ................................................................................................................... 11
1.3 BRUCE ANCHOR SHACKLE ............................................................................................................. 12
1.4 MOORING SYSTEM USING THE BRUCE (FFTS) MK4 ANCHOR ......................................................... 13
PART 2.0 ASSEMBLY AND DISASSEMBLY INSTRUCTIONS........................................................... 14
2.1 BRUCE (FFTS) MK4 ANCHOR ASSEMBLY INSTRUCTIONS.................................................... 15
2.2 BRUCE SHACKLE ASSEMBLY AND DISASSEMBLY INSTRUCTIONS ....................................................... 24
PART 3.0 BRUCE (FFTS) MK4 ANCHOR HANDLING PROCEDURES.............................................. 27
3.1 BRUCE (FFTS) MK4 ANCHOR HANDLING PROCEDURE USING BRUCE RING CHASER..... 28
3.1.1 Anchor Deployment............................................................................................................... 29
Stage 1 Drop Of The First Anchor............................................................................................... 30
Stage 2 Chaser Pendant Line Transfer ...................................................................................... 31
Stage 3 Hauling Out The Anchor. ............................................................................................... 32
Stage 4 Lowering The Anchor..................................................................................................... 33
Stage 5 Return Of Chaser To Rig And Setting The Anchor........................................................ 35
3.1.2 Anchor Recovery................................................................................................................... 37
Stage 1 Chaser Transfer From Rig To The AHV ........................................................................ 38
Stage 2 Breaking The Anchor Out Of The Seabed..................................................................... 40
Stage 3 Return Of AHV And Anchor To The Rig ........................................................................ 43
Stage 4 Transfer Of Anchor To Rig ............................................................................................ 44
3.1.3 Decking Procedure For BRUCE (FFTS) Mk4 Anchor ........................................................... 47
Stage 1 Hauling In The Chaser................................................................................................... 48
Stage 2 Hauling In The Anchor................................................................................................... 49
3.1.4 Alternative Procedure For Decking A BRUCE (FFTS) MK4 Anchor Onto The AHV............. 53
Stage 1 Hauling In The Chaser And Anchor............................................................................... 53
Stage 2 Hauling In The Anchor After Adjusting Its Attitude ........................................................ 53
3.1.5 Redeploying A Decked BRUCE (FFTS) MK4 Anchor ........................................................... 55
Stage 1 Orientation ..................................................................................................................... 55
Stage 2 Redeployment................................................................................................................ 57
3.1.6 BRUCE (FFTS) MK4 Anchor Fluke Angle Adjustment Onboard An Anchor Handling Vessel59
3.2 ANCHOR HANDLING PROCEDURE FOR BRUCE (FFTS) MK4 ANCHORS WITHOUT A BRUCE
RING CHASER ........................................................................................................................................ 63
3.2.1 Anchor Deployment Without The Crown Pendant Line......................................................... 64
Stage 1 Deployment.................................................................................................................... 64
Stage 2 Laying On Seabed ......................................................................................................... 65
3.2.2 Anchor Deployment By The Crown Pendant Line................................................................. 66
Stage 1 Deployment From AHV.................................................................................................. 66
Stage 2 Laying On Seabed ......................................................................................................... 67
3.2.3 Recovery Of An Anchor By The Crown Pendant Line .......................................................... 68
Stage 1 Break Out From The Seabed......................................................................................... 68
Stage 2 Decking Onboard AHV .................................................................................................. 69
3.2.4 Recovery Of An Anchor Without The Crown Pendant Line Attached (Short Scope Method)70
Stage 1 Break Out From Seabed................................................................................................ 70
Stage 2 Decking On Board AHV ................................................................................................. 71
APPENDICES.............................................................................................................................................. 74
A. BRUCE FABRICATED ORIENTATION LINK ......................................................................................... 75
B. BRUCE ORIENTATION LINK SHACKLE .............................................................................................. 76
C. BRUCE (FFTS) MK4 ANCHOR - FORWARD PIN INSERTION AND REMOVAL TOOL ............................... 77
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS............................................................................................................................ 81

List Of Figures
Figure 1.1.1 BRUCE Flat Fluke Twin Shank (FFTS) MK4 Anchor ...................................................9
Figure 1.2.1 BRUCE Ring Chaser ..................................................................................................11
Figure 1.3.1 BRUCE Anchor Shackle .............................................................................................12
Figure 1.4.1 Mooring System Using The BRUCE (FFTS) MK4 Anchor..........................................13
Figure 2.1.1 Location Of Identification Marks On The BRUCE (FFTS) MK4 Anchor .....................16
Figure 2.1.2 Offering The Shank Up To The Fluke.........................................................................17
Figure 2.1.3 Assembly Aids 1 .........................................................................................................18
Figure 2.1.4 Forward Pin Assembly Detail......................................................................................19
Figure 2.1.5 Fluke Angle Setting Before Pin Assembly ..................................................................20
Figure 2.1.6 Fitting Rear Pins .........................................................................................................21
Figure 2.1.7 Fluke Angle Setting Before Rear Pin Assembly..........................................................22
Figure 2.2.1 Locking Pin Assembly 1....................................................................................................... 25
Figure 2.2.2 Locking Pin Removal 1 ...............................................................................................26
Figure 3.1.1 Racked BRUCE (FFTS) MK4 Anchor.........................................................................29
Figure 3.1.2 Deployment Of The First Anchor From Rig ................................................................30
Figure 3.1.3 Transfer Of Chaser Pendant Line From Rig To AHV .................................................31
Figure 3.1.4 Hauling Out The Anchor Using The AHV ...................................................................32
Figure 3.1.5 Lowering The Anchor To The Seabed........................................................................33
Figure 3.1.6 Setting The Anchor On The Seabed In The Correct Attitude .....................................34
Figure 3.1.7 Returning The Chaser To The Rig..............................................................................35
Figure 3.1.8 Transferring The Chaser From The AHV To The Rig ................................................36
Figure 3.1.9a Anchor Recovery - Transfer Of The Chaser From The Rig To The AHV...................38
Figure 3.1.9b Anchor Recovery - Running The Chaser From The Rig To The AHV........................39
Figure 3.1.10a Anchor Recovery - Short Scooping The Anchor With The AHV.................................40
Figure 3.1.10b Breaking The Anchor Out Of The Seabed..................................................................42
Figure 3.1.11 Returning The Anchor To The Rig..............................................................................43
Figure 3.1.12 Initial Racking 1...........................................................................................................44
Figure 3.1.13 Transfer Of Chaser Pendant From AHV To Rig .........................................................45
Figure 3.1.14 Operation Of The BRUCE (FFTS) MK4 Orientation Fin .............................................46
Figure 3.1.15 Anchor Decking - Hauling Up From The Seabed .......................................................47
Figure 3.1.16 Anchor At The Stern Roller In The Correct Attitude....................................................48
Figure 3.1.17a Decking Anchor In The Correct Attitude .....................................................................49
Figure 3.1.17b Anchor Engaged On The Stern Roller ........................................................................49
Figure 3.1.18 Stoppering Off The Mooring Line And Pulling A Bight Of Chain Through The Chaser50
Figure 3.1.19 Tugger Winch Attachement Points .............................................................................51
Figure 3.1.20a Anchor Rotation By Way Of Co-ordination Tugger Winch Operator ..........................52
Figure 3.1.20b Alternative Method Of Anchor Rotation Using The No.2 AHV Winch.........................54
Figure 3.1.21 Correct (FFTS) MK4 And Ring Chaser Configuration On The AHV Deck Prior To
Release Of The Jaw Stopper......................................................................................55
Figure 3.1.22 Commencement Of Deployment ................................................................................56
Figure 3.1.23 Use Of Tugger Winches To Ensure The Correct Anchor Attitude..............................56
Figure 3.1.24 Anchor Negotiating The Stern Roller ..........................................................................57
Figure 3.1.25 Final Deployment Stage 1...........................................................................................58
Figure 3.1.26 Definition Of The Fluke Angle And Location Of The Forward And Rear Pins For Fluke
Angle Adjustment........................................................................................................59
Figure 3.1.27 Correct Decking Attitude Prior To Fluke Angle Adjustment........................................61
Figure 3.1.28 Attachment Of Tugger Winches For Fluke Angle Adjustment....................................61
Figure 3.1.29 Removal Of Rear Pins ................................................................................................62
Figure 3.1.30 Co-ordination Ot Tugger Winches For Fluke Angle Adjustment ................................62
Figure 3.2.1 Anchor Deployment Using The Mooring Line .............................................................64
Figure 3.2.2 Laying The Anchor On The Seabed Using The Mooring Line ....................................65
Figure 3.2.3 Anchor Deployment Using The Crown Pendant Line .................................................66
Figure 3.2.4 Laying The Anchor On The Seabed Using The Crown Pendant Line ........................67
Figure 3.2.5 Breaking The Anchor Out Of The Seabed Using The Crown Pendant Line...............68
Figure 3.2.6 Anchor Decking Using The Crown Pendant Line .......................................................69
Figure 3.2.7 Breaking The Anchor Out Of The Seabed Using The Mooring Line ..........................70
Figure 3.2.8 Anchor Decking Using The Mooring Line ...................................................................71
Figure 3.2.9a Anchor Attitude Adjustment At The Stern Roller Using Tugger Winches (Anchor
Recovery – Transfer Of The Chaser From The Rig To The AHV) ................................ 72

Figure 3.2.9b Anchor Attitude Adjustment At The Stern Roller Using Tugger Winches (Anchor
Recovery – Running The Chaser To The Anchor)..................................................... 73
Figure A.1 BRUCE Orientation Link 1 ......................................................................................... 75
Figure B.1 BRUCE Orientation Link Shackle............................................................................... 76
Figure C.1 Forward Pin Insertion ................................................................................................. 77
Figure C.2 Forward Pin Removal – First Stage ........................................................................... 79
Figure C.3 Forward Pin Removal – Subsequent Stages .................................................................... 80

DOCUMENT REVISIONS
ISSUE DATE AUTHOR COMMENTS & SIGNATURE
0 SEP 92 IF NEW DOCUMENT ISSUED FOR APPROVAL
1 OCT 92 PEF BREAKOUT PROCEDURE UPDATED AND FIG. 3.1.10

ALTERED. ISSUED FOR GENERAL RELEASE
(CONTROLLED COPIES ONLY).
2 NOV 92 IF COMMENTS BY CAPT. ALEC JOHNSON. SECTIONS

3.1.1, 2, 3, 4 & 6 AND 3.2.2 & 4 ALTERED. FLUKE ANGLE
OF 36 DEG. INCLUDED.
3 OCT 93 PB FIGURES INTEGRATED INTO TEXT.

BREAKOUT PROCEDURE UPDATED -SECTION 3.1.2.
4 FEB 92 PEF REVISION TO SECTION 3.1.2, PARAGRAPHS 4 & 5
5 JAN 95 JSN TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS CORRECTED.
6 APR 96 PB REVISION TO SECTIONS 2.1 & 3.1.2. CHASER RIB

ADDED THROUGHOUT.
7 JUL 96 IMJ TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS CORRECTED.
8 APR 97 PEF SECTION 3.1.3 STAGE 2 - MAXIMUM “NEVER EXCEED”

LOAD OF 85 TONNES ADDED.

PART 1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BRUCE Flat Fluke Twin Shank (FFTS) MK4 Anchor

1.2 BRUCE Ring Chaser
1.3 BRUCE Anchor Shackle
1.4 Mooring System Using The BRUCE (FFTS) MK4 Anchor

1.1 BRUCE Flat Fluke Twin Shank (FFTS) MK4 Anchor
Figure 1.1.1 BRUCE Flat Fluke Twin Shank (FFTS) MK4 Anchor

The accompanying diagram (ref. fig 1.1.1) shows the general arrangement of the BRUCE Flat Fluke
Twin Shank (FFTS) MK4 Anchor.
The BRUCE (FFTS) MK4 Anchor is a self-righting, general purpose, high holding power anchor.
Should the anchor land upside down on the seabed with the shank under the fluke, on being dragged,
one of the fluke tips will tip into engagement with the seabed causing the anchor to roll over until it is in
a vertical burying attitude.
Clearly, deployment attitude is not important with this anchor, however, in order to minimise the drag
distance, every effort should be made to deposit the anchor on the seabed in the correct fluke down
position.
The shank/fluke angle is adjustable giving superior holding performance in a variety of seabed
conditions. The shank of the anchor is attached to the fluke by a pin arrangement, which allows the
fluke angle to be increased for very soft bottom conditions. This also allows dismantling of the shank
from the fluke for easier, lower cost anchor transport. The fluke angle adjustment procedure is given in
Section 3.1.6 and the general assembly and disassembly procedure is given in Section 2.1 of this
manual.
The BRUCE (FFTS) MK4 anchor is type approved by Lloyd’s Register of Shipping (L.R.S.), Det Norske
Veritas (D.N.V.), Registro Italiano Navale (R.I.N.A.), Bureau Veritas (B.V.) and the American Bureau of
Shipping (A.B.S.) as a High Holding Power, General Purpose Offshore Anchor.

1.2 BRUCE Ring Chaser
Figure 1.2.1 BRUCE Ring Chaser
The BRUCE Ring Chaser shown in the accompanying diagram (ref. fig. 1.2.1) has been specifically
designed as a multiple application chaser suitable for use on chain and/or wire mooring lines and for
use with a wide variety of anchors.
The smoothly curved and hardened sliding surfaces with large radii result in low resistance when riding
along either chain or wire whilst at the same time minimising wear to both the chaser and the mooring
line.
The aperture of the chaser is large enough to negotiate connectors, sockets and shackles but will
engage with the forward portion of the anchor shank (or orientation device if fitted - see appendix A of
this manual) when breaking the anchor out of the seabed.

1.3 BRUCE Anchor Shackle
Figure 1.3.1 BRUCE Anchor Shackle
The BRUCE Anchor Shackle connects the anchor to the mooring chain/line.
It is available in a range of load ratings to suit different anchor sizes and incorporates the patented
streamlined BRUCE shackle bolt and nut locking system.
Downtime as a result of seizure of conventional shackle bolt locking mechanisms is eliminated with this
system.
Additionally, the streamlined profile of the nut and bolt heads makes for easier chasing and anchor
orientation, during both AHV decking and bolster bar racking operations.
Assembly and disassembly procedures for these components are given in section 2.2 of this manual.

1.4 Mooring System Using The BRUCE (FFTS) MK4 Anchor
Figure 1.4.1 Mooring System Using The BRUCE (FFTS) MK4 Anchor
The above diagram (ref. fig. 1.4.1) shows a typical mooring system assembly using the BRUCE
(FFTS) MK4 anchor.
If there is initially no ring chaser present in the system, the ring chaser may be threaded into the
system by decking the anchor on the Anchor Handling Vessel. The anchor shackle is disconnected
after securing the anchor chain on the deck of the AHV winch and the chain is passed through the
aperture in the chaser. The anchor shackle is then reconnected through the open end link.
An orientation link is an option that may also be included in the system. See Appendix A for the
general arrangement of the mooring system with this component included.

PART 2.0 ASSEMBLY AND DISASSEMBLY INSTRUCTIONS
2.1 BRUCE (FFTS) MK4 Anchor Assembly Instructions

2.2 BRUCE Shackle Assembly and Disassembly Instructions

2.1 BRUCE (FFTS) MK4 ANCHOR ASSEMBLY INSTRUCTIONS
These assembly instructions are a suggested method of satisfactory assembly of BRUCE (FFTS) MK4
anchors. They reflect the level of equipment and facilities usually available when assembling at
quayside locations.
Parts List Per Anchor
1 X Shank
1 X Fluke
2 X Forward (large, flanged) pin
2 X Rear (small, plain) pin
2 X Forward pin locking plate split pin
4 X Rear pin locking split pin
Equipment Required
1 X Crane capable of lifting the assembled anchor complete with necessary lifting slings/chains.
1 X Hammer (e.g. 5 lb sledge)
1 X Crow bar
2 X Steel wedges (typically 10° included angle)
2 X Scrap steel bars (typically 25mm diameter, 150mm long)

Procedure
Figure 2.1.1 Location Of Identification Marks On The BRUCE (FFTS) MK4 Anchor
1. If more than one anchor is to be assembled, ensure that the shanks are matched to the correct
flukes. The correct shank and fluke combination can be identified by matching the anchor
identification markings on the shank and fluke at, or around, the locations shown.
2. Check that the correct number of parts for each anchor as listed above has been supplied.
3. Ensure all pins, holes, lugs and clevises are cleaned and then greased before assembly,
checking particularly the bottom of each forward fluke clevis is free from debris as this may
prevent the shank lugs fully entering the fluke slots.

Figure 2.1.2 Offering The Shank Up To The Fluke
4. Place the fluke on firm ground in a flat, horizontal attitude and if necessary use scrap timbers to
prevent the fluke from rocking (ref. fig. 2.1.2)
5. Sling the shank so that it is picked up at an attitude of approximately 45°, either by slings around
the forward depressor plates or by slings around the shank side plates, as shown.

Figure 2.1.3 Assembly Aids 1
6. Lift the shank up, over the fluke and lower it so that the shank rear lugs engage in the rear clevis
slots in the fluke (ref. fig. 2.1.3). Continue lowering until the first holes in the rear lugs roughly
line up with the clevis holes and insert a scrap steel bar into each to locate the shank.

Figure 2.1.4 Forward Pin Assembly Detail
7. Lower the shank so that it rotates forwards about the scrap steel bars in the rear holes, until the
forward shank lugs engage in the forward fluke slots (ref. fig. 2.1.4). Carefully continue lowering
the shank until the holes in the shank forward lugs and fluke forward clevis plates are aligned,
checking by feel until this is achieved.

Figure 2.1.5 Fluke Angle Setting Before Pin Assembly
8. Lower the forward pins into the fluke through the access slots in the fluke main plate and slide
them fully home until the flange bears against the clevis outer face (ref. fig. 2.1.5). Lock in place
using the forward pin locking plates and secure these with split pins through the hole in the
locking plate leg which projects through the fluke underside.

Figure 2.1.6 Fitting Rear Pins
9. With the forward pins installed, use the crane to take the shank weight off the scrap steel bars in
the rear holes and remove the bars (ref. fig. 2.1.6). Adjust the shank until the rear lug holes line
up with the rear clevis holes at the required fluke angle, checking by feel for correct alignment.
(For fluke angles available on the (FFTS) MK4 anchor, see fig 2.1.7 and section 3.1.6).
To make small adjustments in shank position forwards or backwards relative to the fluke, a crow
bar or steel wedges may be driven between the shank forward lug and the fluke clevis end walls.
To make small adjustments in height between the fluke and shank a crow bar or steel wedges
may be driven between the shank arch and the fluke top surface.

Figure 2.1.7 Fluke Angle Setting Before Rear Pin Assembly
10. Insert the rear pins until fully home and lock in place with split pins. Note that it should not be
necessary to drive any of the pins home if the holes are correctly aligned before inserting the
pins.

Disassembly Procedure
1. If the anchor is to be disassembled after a prolonged period submerged, the regions around the
forward and rear pins should be cleaned as thoroughly as is possible using power tools and high
pressure steam if available.
2. Turn the anchor over on to its side or back and remove the forward pin locking plate split pins
using a suitably sized drift and then tap out the locking plates themselves by applying a light
blow to the ‘tangs’ protruding from the underside of the fluke.
3. Lay the anchor on the fluke as shown in Fig 2.1.1 and support the weight of the shank with lifting
slings as described in the assembly procedure.
4. Removal of the rear pins is simply the reverse of the assembly procedure. Both the locking pins
and the rear pins themselves may be removed by use of suitably sized drifts.
5. As with the rear pins, front pin removal is the reverse of the assembly procedure. A crow bar is
applied to the knob on the end of the pin. By levering it against suitable sized pieces of timber,
the pin can be removed.
6. The fluke may require to be tied securely down to facilitate shank removal against any
resistance caused by caking of soil and/or corrosion in the clevis joints. The shank can then be
lifted away from the fluke.
PIN INSERTION / REMOVAL TOOL - SEE APPENDIX C
BRUCE ANCHOR LTD can supply a purpose designed tool for inserting and removing the (FFTS) MK4
forward pins. The procedure for its use is similar to that described here when using a crow bar and
pieces of timber. Appendix C describes the insertion and removal operations using this tool.

2.2 BRUCE Shackle Assembly and Disassembly Instructions
Assembly Procedure
This procedure can be applied to all BRUCE shackles incorporating the BRUCE patented nut locking
pin and nylon plug.
Parts Per Shackle No. Off

Shackle Body X1
Bolt X1
Conical Cap Nut X1
Waisted Locking Pin X1
Nylon Locking Plug X1

Procedure
Figure 2.2.1 Locking Pin Assembly 1
1. Prior to assembly of the shackle and after ensuring that all of the parts listed above are present
and clean, apply a liberal coat of a suitable proprietary grease (e.g. ROCOL J166) to the shackle
bolt, especially to the threaded portion (ref. fig. 2.2.1).
2. Insert the nylon locking plug into the recess in the bolt end and rotate it so as to align the hole
through it with the holes through the bolt.
3. Assembly the shackle bolt through the shackle body eyes.
4. Screw on the conical cap nut until it is hard against the end of the bolt so that the holes for the
waisted locking pins are aligned.
5. Tap the waisted locking pin into place in the aligned holes and centralise it in the conical nut as
shown. Check that it is centralised correctly by observing the presence of a few millimetres of
axial free play of the locking pin when its waisted portion is located in the constriction inside the
nylon locking plug. This constriction traps the locking pin centrally in place within the conical cap
nut.

Disassembly Procedure
Figure 2.2.2 Locking Pin Removal 1
1. Using a suitable drift, knock the locking pin through and out of the nut. This is simply the
reverse of the assembly procedure (ref. fig. 2.2.2).
2. Rotate the shackle bolt until the recess in the bolt head lines up with the blind hole in the shackle
body.
3. Now use the locking pin to prevent the shackle bolt from rotating by inserting it into the blind hole
in the shackle body through the recess in the bolt head.
4. Unscrew the conical nut (a special spanner is available from BRUCE ANCHOR LTD if required)
and remove it from the bolt.
5. Remove the bolt from the shackle body.

PART 3.0 BRUCE (FFTS) MK4 ANCHOR HANDLING
PROCEDURES
3.1 BRUCE (FFTS) MK4 Anchor Handling Procedures Using A BRUCE Ring
Chaser
3.2 Anchor Handling Procedure For BRUCE (FFTS) MK4 Anchors Without A
BRUCE Ring Chaser

3.1 BRUCE (FFTS) MK4 ANCHOR HANDLING PROCEDURE USING
BRUCE RING CHASER
3.1.1 Anchor Deployment

3.1.2 Anchor Recovery
3.1.3 Decking Procedure For BRUCE (FFTS) MK4 Anchor
3.1.4 Alternative Procedure For Decking A BRUCE (FFTS) MK4 Anchor Onto The
AHV
3.1.5 Redeploying A Decked BRUCE (FFTS) MK4 Anchor
3.1.6 BRUCE (FFTS) MK4 Anchor - Fluke Angle Adjustment Onboard An Anchor
Handling Vessel (AHV)

3.1.1 Anchor Deployment
Figure 3.1.1 Racked BRUCE (FFTS) MK4 Anchor
The initial conditions for anchor deployment are assumed to be as follows:
Each anchor is in a stowed position on the bolster bar with the chaser suspended between the lower
fairleader and anchor from its stowed pendant line (ref. fig. 3.1.1).
The rig can be either under its own power with no towing vessel or under its own power with a towing
vessel.

Stage 1 Drop Of The First Anchor
Figure 3.1.2 Deployment Of The First Anchor From Rig
1. As the rig approaches the first anchor position, one stern anchor is lowered off the bolster bar
most of the depth to the seabed. The chaser for this anchor should be held midway between
fairleader and bolster bar so that the anchor chain runs freely through it (ref. fig. 3.1.2).
2. As the rig passes over the first anchor position the anchor is laid on the seabed.
3. While the rig moves across the mooring pattern towards the centre, pay out the stern anchor
line.
4. With the rig at centre of the mooring pattern, stop paying out on the stern anchor line and set the
anchor into the seabed by using the rig engines (and tug if towing). Then stop the rig engines.
Stow the chaser either under tension against the lower fairleader (on custom-built mountings if
provided) or hung-off on the anchor line about 30 feet below the water level so as to be clear of
the wave action zone.

Stage 2 Chaser Pendant Line Transfer
(Second and subsequent Anchor Deployments)
Figure 3.1.3 Transfer Of Chaser Pendant Line From Rig To AHV
5. On the anchor opposite the one already set, connect the crane line to the chaser pendant line.
Unclamp the pendant line at the rig deck and lower the chaser until it engages the anchor shank
tip (ref. fig. 3.1.3).
6. Pass the pendant line from the rig crane to the anchor handling vessel (AHV). This is done by
making the pendant line fast on deck, connecting it to the AHV winch wire and disconnecting the
crane line.
7. Pay out approximately six links of anchor chain from the rig winch until the side wings of the
fluke are clear of the bolster bar but with the forward portion of the anchor shank still in contact
with the bolster bar.

Stage 3 Hauling Out The Anchor.
Figure 3.1.4 Hauling Out The Anchor Using The AHV
8. Pull on the pendant line with the AHV using engine thrust so that the chaser engages firmly on
the forward portion of the shank and continue pulling to swing the anchor clear of the bolster bar.
The anchor will be hanging with its fluke pointing towards the rig (ref. fig. 3.1.4).

Figure 3.1.5 Lowering The Anchor To The Seabed
9. Continue pulling with the AHV engine thrust and allow the rig winch to “walk back” against the
brake to maintain not less that 35 tonnes tension in the anchor chain. This will ensure the
chaser remains seated on the anchor shank tip while the AHV hauls the pendant line inboard.
Stop the AHV winch when the anchor still hangs clear of the AHV propeller wash (ref. fig. 3.1.5).
10. Increase the AHV engine power to haul out the rig chain while the rig winch operator maintains
the required back tension on the rig winch brake. The back tension from the rig winch ensures
the chaser remains seated on the forward portion of the anchor shank as the chain is hauled
out. The pendulum effect of the anchor hanging clear of the propeller wash will prevent turns
being inserted in the chain.
Proceed to the anchor setting location.
When the catenary of the hauled-out chain sags into contact with the sea bottom, drag forces on
the chain will occur and may be progressively substituted for the applied back-tension from the
rig winch brake so that all of the AHV engine thrust is available for pulling out chain.
Stage 4 Lowering The Anchor
11. When the anchor chain is fully hauled out the anchor is lowered towards the seabed. Pay out
the AHV winch at between 100 and 200 ft/minute while the AHV engines are kept running
sufficiently to keep the anchor chain stretched out and the chaser engaged on the anchor shank
tip.

Figure 3.1.6 Setting The Anchor On The Seabed In The Correct Attitude
12. When the length of towing wire and pendant line outboard of the stern roller of the AHV is equal
to water depth plus twenty percent, the winch is stopped. The AHV engines are now slowed so
that the weight of the anchor and chaser pulls the AHV astern until the anchor makes contact
with the seabed. This will be indicated by a sudden sagging of the otherwise taut towing wire
stretched between the winch and stern roller of the AHV.
13. Immediately the anchor contacts the seabed, the rig winch operator hauls in 30 to 50 feet of
anchor line to tip the anchor towards the rig and set the anchor fluke into the seabed.

Stage 5 Return Of Chaser To Rig And Setting The Anchor
Figure 3.1.7 Returning The Chaser To The Rig
14. Once the anchor has been tipped towards the rig and the fluke partially set in the seabed (ref.
fig. 3.1.7), the AHV steams astern over the anchor to pull the chaser towards the rig clear of the
anchor shank.
“Twitching” of the towing wire, indicates the chaser is clear of the anchor shank and riding freely
link by link under the anchor chain.
15. When the chaser is clear of the anchor shank and approximately 500’ along the anchor chain,
the rig winch can commence setting the anchor fully into the seabed. Meanwhile the chaser will
continue to be returned to the rig by the AHV running astern. Alternatively, if desired, the AHV
can turn 180° and steam ahead back to the rig.
16. The rig winch continues to haul in until the required anchor setting tension is achieved. The rig
winch is stopped and the tension is monitored for 10 minutes.
Alternatively, anchor setting may be carried out when all of the anchors have been deployed and
partially set in the seabed.
If 90% of the setting tension remains after the elapse of 10 minutes the anchor is considered to
be holding whereupon the rig winch pays out to decrease tension to the level required for drilling.
If 90% of the setting tension does not persist after 10 minutes re-running of the anchor may be
necessary.

Figure 3.1.8 Transferring The Chaser From The AHV To The Rig
17. The AHV meanwhile, returns to the rig and takes up a position with its stern roller within reach of
the rig crane off the anchor bolster bar (ref. fig. 3.1.8). The chaser towing line is then hauled up
by the AHV winch until the pendant line connection comes on deck. The pendant line is made
fast onboard the AHV and the towing wire is disconnected. The pendant line is attached to the
rig crane via a light safety wire or a shear pin shackle to protect the rig crane from dangerous
overloads that may occur if the chaser picked up a bight of anchor chain in the event of the
anchor chain losing tension at this time. The pendant line is transferred to the rig from the AHV
and stowed in a suitable clamp.
18. The chaser may be stowed under tension against the lower fairleader (on custom-built
mountings if provided) or hung-off on the anchor line about 30 feet below the water level so as to
be well clear of the wave action zone.
This completes deployment of the first two anchors. Further anchors are deployed in a similar
manner to the second anchor described above.

3.1.2 Anchor Recovery
The initial conditions are assumed to be as follows:
All anchors have been deployed and are set in the seabed.
All anchor lines are at drilling tensions.
Each chaser has a sliding shoe providing support over at least three links of chain.
The chasers are stowed at the rig as described in section 3.1.1, step 18.
This procedure should be applied to the most heavily loaded anchors first so that the reaction tension
can be spread amongst the least loaded anchors. The lesser loaded anchors can be broken out of the
seabed using this technique on each anchor in order of decreasing applied load due to storms.
Ultimately the last anchor may be broken out by the rig hauling vertically on the anchor line.
Preliminary Step
Maintain the anchor line at drilling tension prior to commencing chasing to prevent the chaser catching
a bight in the chain.

Stage 1 Chaser Transfer From Rig To The AHV
Figure 3.1.9a Anchor Recovery - Transfer Of The Chaser From The Rig To The AHV
1. The stowed chaser pendant line is attached to the rig crane and the line is unclamped. (ref. fig.
3.1.9a).
2. The pendant line is passed from the rig crane to the AHV, which is standing by within crane
reach of the rig.
The pendant line is made fast on the AHV deck, disconnected from the rig crane line and
attached to the AHV winch towing wire.

Figure 3.1.9b Anchor Recovery - Running The Chaser From The Rig To The AHV
3. Pendant line equal to water depth is paid out by the AHV winch and the AHV steams away from
the rig to the location of the buried anchor (ref. fig. 3.1.9b).
Twitching of the towing line between AHV stern roller and winch as the chaser is being towed to
the anchor site indicates the chaser is running correctly link by link under the anchor chain,
disturbing the soil around the buried chain, and raising it to the mud-line. This reduces the grip
of the soil on the buried chain section.

Stage 2 Breaking The Anchor Out Of The Seabed.
Figure 3.1.10a Anchor Recovery - Short Scooping The Anchor With The AHV

4. When the chaser engages the portion of chain, which leads below the mud-line to a deeply
buried anchor, the load in the chaser pendant will increase rapidly due to soil resistance and
chain forces acting on the chaser. The AHV now reduces speed almost completely to stop the
chaser sliding further on the chain (but retains enough power to maintain heading) and the rig
winch commences to heave in anchor line to increase tension to maximum (ref. fig. 3.1.10a).
If the anchor does not start to drag due to the chain having been pulled from the grip of the soil
by the passage of the chaser, the AHV commences heaving in the chaser pendant to pull up on
the chain until the rig winch operator reports that anchor line is coming onboard and the anchor
is being dragged towards the rig. The AHV then stops heaving in the pendant to hold the chaser
in a now elevated position and so impose a high uplift angle in the anchor chain at the anchor.
The rig winch continues to heave in anchor line to drag the anchor at this high uplift towards the
rig. Due to the high uplift (effectively, short scope) caused by the chain sliding through the
elevated chaser, the initial dragging load of the anchor can be considerably less than the original
setting load if the chaser is sufficiently elevated and so be well within the capacity of the rig
winch.

Figure 3.1.10b Breaking The Anchor Out Of The Seabed
The load on the rig winch will progressively decrease due to the anchor rising to the mud line as it is
dragged at short scope. When the rig winch tension reaches about 25 per cent of the original setting
load, stop the winch. The AHV now pays out pendant slightly in excess of water depth and pulls the
chaser along the chain to seat it firmly onto the forward portion of the anchor shank close to the mud-
line. The anchor will now break out easily from the seabed soil (ref. fig. 3.1.10b).
5. It may be possible to break the anchor out directly using the chaser if it is not deeply buried or is
in a sand seabed. In this case the rig should maintain a steady back tension of about 30 tonnes
to prevent the chaser picking up a bight of chain while the AHV winch hauls in the chaser
pendant and breaks out the anchor.
If the anchor has been set to a line tension exceeding rig winch pulling power by a storm, it may
be necessary to pull in with two winches on the far side of the rig to cause the anchor to drag.
6. A noticeable drop in tension at the rig winch and/or at the AHV winch indicates the anchor has
broken out of the seabed. Stop the rig and AHV winches at this point.
7. The pendant line is hailed in by the AHV winch until the tow wire/chaser pendant connection
appears at the stern roller. The AHV winch is then stopped and the AHV employs engine thrust
to maintain a back tension in the anchor chain of at least 30 tonnes.

Stage 3 Return Of AHV And Anchor To The Rig
Figure 3.1.11 Returning The Anchor To The Rig
8. The rig winch now hauls in the anchor chain. The AHV, anchor and chaser are hauled back to
the rig winch against the back tension of the AHV thrust (ref. fig. 3.1.11).
The back tension of the AHV thrust ensures the chaser remains seated on the forward portion of
the anchor shank as the anchor chain is hauled in. The pendulum effect of the anchor hanging
clear of the propeller wash will prevent turns being inserted in the chain.
9. The rig winch hauls in the anchor chain until the AHV comes within rig crane reach off the
bolster bar. The AHV then holds this position.

Stage 4 Transfer Of Anchor To Rig
Figure 3.1.12 Initial Racking 1
10 The anchor and chaser are hauled towards the bolster bar by the rig winch while the AHV winch
adjusts the paid out length of pendant line accordingly (ref. fig. 3.1.12).

Figure 3.1.13 Transfer Of Chaser Pendant From AHV To Rig
11. When the forward portion of the anchor shank has cleared the bolster bar, observe the
orientation of the anchor as it approaches the bolster bar (ref. fig. 3.1.13).
12. If the anchor is hanging with the fluke toward the rig it can be hauled up by the rig winch until it
meets with and stows correctly on the bolster bar. The chaser pendant line can now be made
fast on the AHV deck, disconnected from the AHV winch, connected to the rig crane and
transferred to the rig.

Figure 3.1.14 Operation Of The BRUCE (FFTS) MK4 Orientation Fin
13. If, however, the anchor is not in the correct orientation to stow on the bolster bar process as
follows (ref. fig. 3.1.14):-
(a) Make fast the pendant line on the AHV deck, disconnect the pendant line from the AHV
winch towing wire, connect it to the rig crane and transfer the pendant line to the rig. Hold
the chaser in a position midway between the lower fairleader and the bolster bar.
(b) Lower the anchor until it is below the bolster bar then rehaul the anchor over the bolster
bar slowly. The orientation feature on the anchor shackle lug will turn the anchor over
onto its side as it traverses the bolster bar and, from this position, the anchor will
automatically roll fluke-down into the correct attitude for stowing.
(c) Haul in the anchor until it is firmly stowed on the bolster bar.
14. When the anchor is stowed the chaser can be stowed bearing against the fairleader (or on
custom-built mountings if provided) and the pendant line clamped.
This completes the recovery procedure for one anchor.
To recover all the anchors on the rig, repeat this procedure for the remaining anchors except the last
one. The last anchor can be recovered by chaser as already described or, alternatively, the rig can
move to a position above it and the anchor be broken out of the seabed directly by the rig winch and
hauled straight up into the stowed position on the bolster bar, correct orientation being ensured by the
orientation feature on the anchor shackle lug.

3.1.3 Decking Procedure For BRUCE (FFTS) Mk4 Anchor
Figure 3.1.15 Anchor Decking - Hauling Up From The Seabed
The initial conditions are assumed to be as follows (ref. fig. 3.1.15):-
The anchor is suspended from the AHV on the pendant wire and chaser, (e.g. after breaking the
anchor out of the seabed).

Stage 1 Hauling In The Chaser
Figure 3.1.16 Anchor At The Stern Roller In The Correct Attitude
1. The AHV winch hauls in the pendant line lifting the chaser and anchor up to the stern roller of
the AHV (ref. fig. 3.1.16).
2. As the chaser comes on deck turn the AHV so that the anchor chain is pulled to one side of the
stern roller away from the suspended anchor.
3. Ensure the anchor chain does not foul the anchor in its suspended position off the stern roller of
the AHV. If fouling does occur, lower the anchor and then rehaul it clear of the chain.

Stage 2 Hauling In The Anchor
Figure 3.1.17a Decking Anchor In The Correct Attitude
4. The anchor is hauled slowly over the AHV stern roller by the AHV winch. If the anchor contacts
the roller on its back with the fluke away from the roller, it can be hauled up on deck and made
fast as shown in fig 3.1.17a.
Figure 3.1.17b Anchor Engaged On The Stern Roller
If for any reason the anchor does not contact the stern roller in this manner and/or engages on the
stern roller as shown in fig. 3.1.17b, the following steps should be followed.

Figure 3.1.18 Stoppering Off The Mooring Line And Pulling A Bight Of Chain Through The Chaser
5. (a) Slack back on the pendant line until the anchor falls just clear of the roller. Heave in again
on the pendant until the fluke engages firmly with the stern roller as shown in fig 3.1.17b
and 3.1.18. Carry on heaving in so that the chaser rides up the mooring line and pulls a
bight of chain up onto the deck of the AHV. When the length of the bight of chain is about
15 feet stop the winch.
(b) Make fast the mooring line that leads back to the rig in the shark’s jaw stopper. (ref fig
3.1.18).
(c) Maintain a tension in the chaser pendant line and attach tugger winch lines by shackles to
the shank of the anchor as follows.
IMPORTANT OPERATIONAL LIMIT NOTE
During anchor decking, should the anchor become engaged or snagged on the stern roller by one of its
outer flukes DO NOT try to haul it onboard by simply pulling harder. This will likely damage the
vessel roller and may cause some damage to the anchor. In the event that the anchor does become
snagged, lower it back into the water and wash it round with the vessel propellers until it is in the
correct attitude for decking, then pull it up again. Alternatively, use the decking procedures described
here in sections 3.1.3 & 3.1.4.
The MAXIMUM “NEVER EXCEED” LOAD which may be applied to BRUCE (FFTS)
MK4 anchors in the range 9000kg to 18000kg when hooked by one outer fluke or single fluke tip is 85
TONNES.
(d) The lines from the tugger winches at each side of the stern roller are paid out.

(e) Assuming the anchor is on the stern roller with the anchor chain clear of it to starboard,
the starboard tugger line is passed over the anchor line and over the shank of the anchor
and is shackled to the hole at the upper edge of the port oblique side plate of the anchor
shank.
Figure 3.1.19 Tugger Winch Attachment Points
(f) The port side tugger line is passed under the shank and is shackled to the hole on the
starboard oblique plate of the anchor shank. (ref rig 3.1.19).
(g) Slack off the pendant line and the two tugger lines simultaneously and allow the anchor to
fall just clear of the stern roller.

(h) Adjust the tensions in the tugger winch lines so as to rotate the hanging anchor until the
fluke tips point away from the AHV. (Ref fig 3.1.20a).
Figure 3.1.20a Anchor Rotation By Way Of Co-ordination Tugger Winch Operator
6. Pull in the anchor again on the chaser pendant wire so that it decks properly on its back onto the
AHV as shown in fig 3.1.17a. The tugger winch lines may have to be used at the same time to
prevent the anchor turning again and also to keep the anchor central over the stern roller.
7. Remove the tugger winch lines from the anchor.
SAFETY NOTE.
When the anchor has been decked successfully, the AHV winch operator must ensure that the chaser
is engaged on the anchor shank before the shark’s jaw stopper is released from the anchor chain in
order to prevent the anchor from being pulled up the deck at a dangerous speed by the weight of chain
outboard of the AHV stern roller.
This is achieved by heaving in the pendant line to move the anchor slowly up the deck until the anchor
shank engages in the chaser as shown in fig. 3.1.21. The shark’s jaw stopper may now be released
and the weight of the chain taken safely by the chaser pendant line.

3.1.4 Alternative Procedure For Decking A BRUCE (FFTS) MK4 Anchor Onto
The AHV
This procedure forms an alternative to that described in 3.1.3, from the same initial conditions, and is
as follows:-
Stage 1 Hauling In The Chaser And Anchor
1. When the anchor has been broken out of the seabed, haul the chaser in, so lifting the anchor
to the surface. When the chaser appears on the stern roller veer the AHV so that the
suspended anchor line does not foul the anchor.
2. As the anchor appears at the stern roller, observe its attitude. If it is lying with the flukes
pointing away from the AHV, haul in the chaser further so pulling the anchor up on deck on
its back.
Stage 2 Hauling In The Anchor After Adjusting Its Attitude
3. If the anchor has its fluke pointing towards the vessel, haul the chaser in slowly so that the
fluke engages on the stern roller.
4. Continue to pull in the chaser so that a bight of the anchor cable is brought up on deck.
Stopper off the anchor cable in the sharks jaw (ref. fig 3.1.18 in section 3.1.3.).

Figure 3.1.20b Alternative Method Of Anchor Rotation Using The No.2 AHV Winch
5. Pay out the second AHV winch wire down the deck to the anchor shank. Attach the second wire
to one side plate of the anchor shank using a shackle located in one of the holes provided near
the upper edges of the oblique side plates of the shank (ref. fig. 3.1.20b).
6. With the second wire placed well to one side of the anchor cable, pay out on both winch drums
to lower the anchor back into the water,
7. When the anchor is just below the stern roller, stop paying out. Slowly haul in on the second
winch drum. The forward portion of the shank now contacts the roller and turns the anchor until
the fluke points away from the AHV.
8. Heave the anchor over the roller onto the deck using the second winch drum.
9. During decking by the second winch drum, the first drum can be used to control the actual
decking once the anchor has been rotated, and also to keep the slack anchor chain clear of the
anchor shank.

3.1.5 Redeploying A Decked BRUCE (FFTS) MK4 Anchor
The following initial conditions are assumed:-
The anchor, and chaser both lie on the AHV deck. The anchor chain is held fast at the stern of the
AHV in the shark’s jaw stopper.
Stage 1 Orientation
Figure 3.1.21 Correct (FFTS) MK4 And Ring Chaser Configuration On The AHV Deck Prior To
Release Of The Jaw Stopper
1. The AHV winch hauls the chaser forward on the AHV deck so pulling the anchor up to the
chaser until the anchor shank tip firmly engages in the chaser (ref. fig. 3.1.21).

2. The AHV winch takes up the tension in the anchor chain via the pendant line so that the chain
can be released from its stopper.
Figure 3.1.22 Commencement Of Deployment
3. The AHV is brought into the position such that the anchor chain lies directly down the centre of
the deck. The anchor is positioned using tugger winches so that its shank lies parallel to and
alongside the chain (ref. fig. 3.1.22).
Figure 3.1.23 Use Of Tugger Winches To Ensure The Correct Anchor Attitude
4. Again using tugger winches, tip the anchor over onto one side so that the anchor shank and
fluke effectively straddle the chain on the deck (ref. fig. 3.1.23).

Stage 2 Redeployment
Figure 3.1.24 Anchor Negotiating The Stern Roller
6. The weight of anchor chain is used to pull the anchor and chaser along the deck towards the
stern roller against the AHV winch brake, which controls the movement. The back tension in the
pendant line from the AHV winch should be maintained in excess of 30 tonnes so as to keep the
chaser in the desired attitude (ref. fig. 3.1.24).
Any tendency for the anchor to slew too far sidewards will be prevented by the anchor fluke
engaging on the chain.
7. As the anchor goes over the stern roller of the vessel, the AHV is turned so that the anchor chain
does not foul the anchor in its suspended position.
8. The anchor and chaser are lowered away until the chaser pendant line connection reaches the
stern roller of the AHV whereupon the AHV winch is stopped but taking care to maintain a
minimum of 30 tonnes tension in the pendant line by use of AHV engine thrust.

Figure 3.1.25 Final Deployment Stage 1
9. The AHV is turned back stern-on towards the rig.
The anchor is now suspended about 45 feet below the AHV (ref. fig. 3.1.25).
This completes the redeployment of an anchor from the AHV deck.

3.1.6 BRUCE (FFTS) MK4 Anchor Fluke Angle Adjustment Onboard An
Anchor Handling Vessel
Introduction
Fluke angle “A” is defined as the angle between the central plane of the fluke and a straight line
through the anchor shackle eye and the rear upper edge of the fluke (ref. fig. 3.1.26).
Figure 3.1.26 Definition Of The Fluke Angle And Location Of The Forward And Rear Pins For Fluke
Angle Adjustment

The fluke angle of the BRUCE (FFTS) MK4 Anchor is set by the position of the shank relative to the
fluke, as is the case for all normal anchors.
The shank of the BRUCE (FFTS) MK4 is connected to the fluke by four plain pins, two forward ones
which are fixed for adjustment purposes and are within the body of the fluke, and two rear ones which
are located in lugs on top of the fluke surface (see the assembly/disassembly procedure of Section
2.1). Only the rear pins need to be removed to alter the fluke angle.
Adjustment of the anchor’s fluke angle is facilitated by a series of holes in the shank rear lugs, which
allow settings of 30°, 36° or 50°. The 30° setting is typically for a firm seabed e.g. sands, firm clays,
and gravel. The 36° setting is for use in loose sand seabeds, peculiar stratified soils or as a
compromise fluke angle capable to providing reasonable holding capacity in all seabeds. The 50°
setting is for a soft seabed e.g. deep soft mud.
On the deck on an AHV the fluke angle can be altered without the need for any special tooling,
provided tugger winches are available on the vessel.
This procedure does not necessarily need to be followed if the anchor is situated at the dockside or in
a workshop where the facilities may allow alternative methods to be used.

Procedure
Figure 3.1.27 Correct Decking Attitude Prior To Fluke Angle Adjustment
1. The anchor is decked onto the AHV on its back (ref. fig. 3.1.27).
For the procedure for correct recovery of the (FFTS) MK4 onto the deck of the AHV, see section
3.1.3.
Figure 3.1.28 Attachment Of Tugger Winches For Fluke Angle Adjustment
2. Tugger winch lines are attached to the anchor fluke as shown (ref. fig. 3.1.28).
A load is then applied to take the weight of the fluke off the rear pins. This will help in the
removal of the rear pins (see the next step).

Figure 3.1.29 Removal Of Rear Pins
3. Remove each rear pin retaining split pin (1 off each side of the shank) and knock out the rear
pins (from inside the shank outwards) using a hammer and suitable drift (e.g. a smaller piece of
bar) (ref. fig. 3.1.29).
Figure 3.1.30 Co-ordination Ot Tugger Winches For Fluke Angle Adjustment
4. Use the tugger winches to rotate the fluke relative to the shank until the desired fluke angle
pinhole alignment is achieved. Insert the rear pins at the new position and lock in place with the
retaining split pins (ref. fig. 3.1.30).

3.2 ANCHOR HANDLING PROCEDURE FOR BRUCE (FFTS) MK4
ANCHORS WITHOUT A BRUCE RING CHASER
3.2.1 Anchor Deployment Without The Crown Pendant Line

3.2.2 Anchor Deployment By The Crown Pendant Line
3.2.3 Recovery of an Anchor by the Crown Pendant Line
3.2.4 Recovery Of An Anchor Without The Crown Pendant Line Attached (Short
Scope Method)

3.2.1 Anchor Deployment Without The Crown Pendant Line
In the event of a BRUCE (FFTS) MK4 anchor being deployed from the deck of an AHV without a crown
pendant line as would be the case for the deployment, typically, of the first anchor in a group, (for
example, a group securing a buoy or prelaid moorings for semi-submersibles) the procedure is as
follows:-
Stage 1 Deployment
Figure 3.2.1 Anchor Deployment Using The Mooring Line
1. Tugger winches attached to the anchor are passed around blocks and used to pull the anchor
down the deck to the stern roller as the anchor line is paid out from the main winch of the AHV
(ref. fig. 3.2.1).
When the centre of gravity of the anchor is outboard of the stern roller, the tugger winches are
disconnected and the anchor passes over due to its own weight.
The descent of the anchor is controlled by the AHV winch slowly paying out the mooring line.

Stage 2 Laying On Seabed
Figure 3.2.2 Laying The Anchor On The Seabed Using The Mooring Line
2. The AHV pays out the mooring line to lower the anchor to the seabed. On set-down of the
anchor, the AHV pays out more of the mooring line and simultaneously starts heading slowly in
the required line of lay for the anchor line to avoid fouling the anchor with a bight of the line (ref.
fig. 3.2.2).
If the first anchor in a group were initially transported to site whilst held at the stern roller, then
deployment from the AHV would consist of paying out the mooring line and allowing the anchor
to pass into the water under its own weight.

3.2.2 Anchor Deployment By The Crown Pendant Line
Figure 3.2.3 Anchor Deployment Using The Crown Pendant Line
The BRUCE (FFTS) MK4 anchor incorporates a pendant line connection lug located centrally at the
rear of the anchor fluke and/or holes in the rear of the shank main plates for connection of a pendant
bridle (ref. fig. 3.2.3).
In the event of a BRUCE (FFTS) MK4 anchor being deployed from the deck of an AHV using a
conventional pendant line attached to the anchor fluke pendant line lug or shank holes, as would be the
case for the deployment of the second subsequent anchors in a group, (again, as in section 3.2.1,
securing a buoy for example) the procedure is as follows:-
Stage 1 Deployment From AHV
1. With the pendant line attached to the AHV winch, the anchor is pulled aft down the deck by the
weight of the suspended anchor line and over the stern roller against the brake of the winch,
which controls the deployment.
2. The anchor pendant is paid out to lower the anchor to the seabed.

Stage 2 Laying On Seabed
Figure 3.2.4 Laying The Anchor On The Seabed Using The Crown Pendant Line
3. The AHV lowers the anchor by paying out the pendant wire while using engine thrust to keep
some tension in the laid out anchor cable. Back tension on the anchor cable keeps it stretched
out and prevents any bights from occurring on the seabed during anchor set-down. The anchor
automatically hangs in the fluke-down attitude ready for penetrating the seabed soil (ref. fig.
3.2.4).
4. On the set-down the anchor pendant can be buoyed off at the surface or laid on the seabed for
recovery by a grapple or J chaser.

3.2.3 Recovery Of An Anchor By The Crown Pendant Line
This procedure covers typically the first up to and including the penultimate anchors in a group to be
recovered.
With the anchor buried firmly in the seabed, the procedure is as follows:-
Stage 1 Break Out From The Seabed
Figure 3.2.5 Breaking The Anchor Out Of The Seabed Using The Crown Pendant Line
1. The AHV retrieves the anchor pendant line and connects it to the AHV work wire (ref. fig. 3.2.5).
2. With the anchor line slack, the pendant wire is heaved in the break the anchor backwards out of
the seabed.
3. The pendant line is heaved in further until the anchor is hanging under the stern roller below the
propeller wash zone.

Stage 2 Decking Onboard AHV
Figure 3.2.6 Anchor Decking Using The Crown Pendant Line
4. The pendant line is hauled in to bring the anchor up to the stern roller (ref. fig. 3.2.6).
If the anchor is in the correct attitude for decking, as shown with its fluke away from the AHV
propellers, it may be heaved on board.
In this attitude, the anchor will traverse the stern roller in a stable manner and arrive on deck on
its back.
5. If the anchor is not in the correct attitude for decking, suspend the anchor in the propeller wash
zone and use the propellers to turn the anchor into the correct attitude for decking with its fluke
away from the AHV.
6. Heave the anchor onboard.

3.2.4 Recovery Of An Anchor Without The Crown Pendant Line Attached
(Short Scope Method)
This procedure typically concerns the final anchor in a group to be recovered (i.e. the first to be
deployed).
This method may apply to semi-submersible mooring systems.
Again, with the anchor buried firmly in the seabed, the procedure is as follows:
Stage 1 Break Out From Seabed
Figure 3.2.7 Breaking The Anchor Out Of The Seabed Using The Mooring Line
1. The AHV retrieves the anchor line and steams aft to come over the anchor (ref. fig. 3.2.7).
2. Slowly heaving in the anchor line vertically breaks the anchor out of the seabed as shown.

3. AHV heaves in the anchor line further until the anchor is hanging below the stern roller below the
propeller wash zone.
Stage 2 Decking On Board AHV
Figure 3.2.8 Anchor Decking Using The Mooring Line
4. To deck correctly and easily, the anchor must be in the attitude shown, with its fluke away from
the AHV, when it is heaved up into contact with the stern roller (ref. fig. 3.2.8).
In this attitude the anchor will traverse the stern roller smoothly and come on deck in a stable
manner.
If the anchor is not in the correct attitude, use the propellers when the anchor is hanging off the
stern roller of the AHV in the wash zone to turn the anchor so that its fluke is away from the AHV
propellers. As the anchor is heaved up over the stern roller, propeller wash may continue to be
used to maintain the anchor in the correct decking attitude.

Figure 3.2.9a Anchor Attitude Adjustment At The Stern Roller Using Tugger Winches (Anchor
Recovery – Transfer Of The Chaser From The Rig To The AHV)
5. If the anchor should come up to the stern roller in an attitude unsuitable for decking and engage
on the stern roller, tugger winches may be used to facilitate decking. The procedure is as
follows:
a) When the anchor engages on the stern roller as shown, hold the anchor on the roller and
attach tugger lines as in section 3.1.3.5 and in the inset diagram of fig. 3.2.9.
b) The port tugger is taken under the shank to the starboard oblique plate shackle hole and
the starboard tugger is taken over the shank to attach to the port oblique plate shackle
hole.
c) Lower the anchor back into water and turn it into the correct attitude using the tuggers.
d) Haul the anchor in as shown previously.
Alternatively, the method outlined in section 3.1.4 may be employed.
If the anchor in question is the last one to be recovered it may be appropriate to stow the anchor with
its fluke engaged under the stern roller as shown for transportation to the next location.

Figure 3.2.9b Anchor Attitude Adjustment At The Stern Roller Using Tugger Winches (Anchor
Recovery – Running The Chaser To The Anchor)

APPENDICES
A. BRUCE Fabricated Orientation Link
B. BRUCE Orientation Link Shackle
C. BRUCE (FFTS) MK4 Forward Pin Insertion and Removal Tool

A. BRUCE Fabricated Orientation Link
Figure A.1 BRUCE Orientation Link 1
The BRUCE orientation link is an option available with the (FFTS) MK4 anchor and has been designed
to fit in the main anchor line (ref. fig. A.1).
To avoid shackle damage due to kinking, the BRUCE Anchor short shackle is made captive in the rear
shackle hole of the orientation link by a stud welded in the shackle slot of the orientation link after the
shackle has been threaded through. A special BRUCE orientation link shackle is located in the front
shackle hole of the orientation link.
When fitted between the anchor and the main anchor line, the device will make the anchor turn onto its
back when negotiating the stern roller of the anchor handling vessel. This allows easy decking of the
anchor.
When racking the anchor against the bolster bar of the rig, the interaction of the vertical fin on the
orientation link with the bolster bar makes the anchor turn on its side and subsequently roll over to
achieve a fluke downwards attitude to engage the bolster bar correctly.

B. BRUCE Orientation Link Shackle
Figure B.1 BRUCE Orientation Link Shackle
The BRUCE Orientation Link Shackle is a special short bodied derivative of the BRUCE anchor
shackle (described in section 1.3) which connects the orientation link to the anchor chain (ref. fig. B.1).
It has a breaking load exceeding 1,000 tonnes and incorporates the BRUCE shackle bolt and nut
locking system. The bolt head and nut are domed to assist both the orientation process and passage
of the associated BRUCE Ring Chaser.
The BRUCE Orientation Link Shackle is similar in principle to the BRUCE Anchor Shackle - described
in section 1.3, with the assembly and disassembly procedures given in section 2.1.

C. BRUCE (FFTS) MK4 Anchor - Forward Pin Insertion and Removal Tool
This procedure should be used in conjunction with the (FFTS) MK4 assembly and disassembly
procedure described in section 2.1.
Inserting The Forward Pin
Figure C.1 Forward Pin Insertion
1. Position the shank lugs into the fluke clevis slot and line the holes up (ref. fig. C.1).
2. Place the pins on the guide rails inside the fluke and enter them into the fluke clevis lug bore as
far as possible by hand.

3. Place a spacer in the fluke access hole at its outer end.
4. Fit the tool slotted block onto the pin knob as shown.
5. Using a crow bar (pry bar), lever the tool against the spacer by pulling the crow bar away from
the anchor shank so that the pin is forced into the aligned shank lug and fluke clevis holes.
6. Continue levering until the tool cannot move any further.
7. If necessary use further spacer pieces to lever against until the pin is forced all the way into the
hole, so that the pin flange abuts against the outer surface of the fluke clevis plate. Repeat for
the second pin.

Extracting The Forward Pin
Figure C.2 Forward Pin Removal – First Stage
1. Remove the cover/locking plate from the fluke to reveal the pin end (ref. fig. C.2).
2. Place the tool slotted block onto the pin knob making sure the slotted block seats right down
onto the pin knob.
3. Using the crow bar, lever the tool against the fluke clevis plate. Pivoting take place at the roller
on the tool, which bears against the outer face of one clevis plate.
4. The pin is drawn out of the fluke by the levering and rolling action of the tool as the crow bar is
moved towards the shank.
5. Continue levering until the crow bar will not travel any further. The pin should now have been
drawn out about 60mm from the hole.

Figure C.3 Forward Pin Removal – Subsequent Stages
6. Move the crow bar down towards the fluke surface as far as it will travel (ref. fig. C.3).
7. Place a suitable spacer between the tool roller and the outer face of the clevis plate.
8. Use the crow bar again to lever the tool against the spacer to continue extracting the pin by
moving the crowbar towards the shank.
9. Continue levering until the pin is removed from hole.
10. Remove the spacer.
11. Remove the tool.
12. Remove the pin by hand. Repeat for the second pin.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The authors wish to thank Captain Ross Watson of Ross Maritime Ltd and Captain Alex Johnson for
suggestion and information used in the preparation of this manual.
Also, thanks go to Mr Andy Le Gault of Sonat Offshore (UK) Inc. for suggesting the procedure 3.1.4
using the second work-wire on the AHV.

BRUCE MK4 Handling Procedure

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BRUCE ANCHOR LIMITED

ANCHOR HOUSE, CRONKBOURNE, DOUGLAS,

BRUCE (FFTS) MK4

ANCHOR HANDLING PROCEDURE

COPYRIGHT BRUCE ANCHOR LTD

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LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................................................................ 5

PART 1.0 INTRODUCTION..................................................................................................................... 8

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ISSUE DATE AUTHOR COMMENTS & SIGNATURE

0 SEP 92 IF NEW DOCUMENT ISSUED FOR APPROVAL

1 OCT 92 PEF BREAKOUT PROCEDURE UPDATED AND FIG. 3.1.10

2 NOV 92 IF COMMENTS BY CAPT. ALEC JOHNSON. SECTIONS

3 OCT 93 PB FIGURES INTEGRATED INTO TEXT.

4 FEB 92 PEF REVISION TO SECTION 3.1.2, PARAGRAPHS 4 & 5

5 JAN 95 JSN TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS CORRECTED.

6 APR 96 PB REVISION TO SECTIONS 2.1 & 3.1.2. CHASER RIB

7 JUL 96 IMJ TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS CORRECTED.

8 APR 97 PEF SECTION 3.1.3 STAGE 2 - MAXIMUM “NEVER EXCEED”

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1.1 BRUCE Flat Fluke Twin Shank (FFTS) MK4 Anchor

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Figure 1.2.1 BRUCE Ring Chaser

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Figure 1.3.1 BRUCE Anchor Shackle

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2.1 BRUCE (FFTS) MK4 Anchor Assembly Instructions

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Parts List Per Anchor

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PIN INSERTION / REMOVAL TOOL - SEE APPENDIX C

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Parts Per Shackle No. Off

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Figure 2.2.1 Locking Pin Assembly 1

3. Assembly the shackle bolt through the shackle body eyes.

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Figure 2.2.2 Locking Pin Removal 1

5. Remove the bolt from the shackle body.

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3.1.1 Anchor Deployment

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Figure 3.1.1 Racked BRUCE (FFTS) MK4 Anchor

The initial conditions for anchor deployment are assumed to be as follows:

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Figure 3.1.2 Deployment Of The First Anchor From Rig

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(Second and subsequent Anchor Deployments)

Figure 3.1.3 Transfer Of Chaser Pendant Line From Rig To AHV

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