Running head: PSYCHOLOGY 1

PSYCHOLOGY
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1. Specifically, personality psychology addresses how people feel, think, and act.... the

three parts of the Psychological Triad. Explain the Triad and how it works, using

examples of how these facets are "intertwined."

How people think, feel and behave are what constitutes the Psychological Triad.

Inconsistencies between the components of the Triad are common enough in that they make us

dubious that the human brain is not a simple place. Each of the phenomena that constitutes the

Triad is significant on its own, but in combination they are even more fascinating, especially

when they exhibit a clash. An example of inconsistency is when the feeling of love towards

someone is overtaken by what you think about the person especially if the person is of unsuitable

character.

2. What are the FIVE BASIC approaches to personality psychology - and briefly explain

each. (A brief explanation is fine, as we'll delve deeper into these each week).

i. Trait approach- this approach generally focuses on the means that individuals contrast

psychologically from each other and how these dissimilarities might be abstracted and

measured by the simple use of Personality traits.

ii. Phenomenological approach- It focuses on people’s cognizant world experience and

constitutes: Humanistic psychology and Cross-cultural psychology.

iii. Biological approach- it involves trying to understand the human mind in terms of the

physical body basing on inheritance, evolution, anatomy and physiology and their

importance for personality.

iv. Psychoanalytic approach- this approach is concerned with the functioning of the sub-

conscious mind, as well as the nature and resolving of internal conflict.

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v. Learning and cognitive approach- this approach focusses on concentration on the ways in

which individuals modify what they do, simply as because of experiences in life-learning.

3. Why does your author refer to personality psychology as applying to "Funder's First

Law?" What does he mean by this?

This is because in life and in psychology, benefits and shortcomings are so tightly

interrelated and considered as to be inseparable. Usually great strengths happen to be great

weaknesses, and surprisingly the vice versa is true. And with no exception, Personality

psychology is an excellent example of this law, with its biggest advantage over other areas of

psychology being that it has an extensive directive to account for the psychology of whole

individuals and to be pertinent to real-life concerns.

4. Psychology is a science. Why does the author mention that some Psychologists suffer

from "Physics envy?"

According to Howell, Collisson & King (2014), Psychologists recognize their field as to

being less hypothetically and empirically chastised, and its most important outcomes less

considered than physics.

5. Read about the different kinds of data personality psychologists acquire in research.

Briefly describe the FOUR types of clues or "DATA" used in learning more about

someone's personality.

i. Self-judgment data encompass a person’s evaluation of his own personality.

ii. Informant data encompass the decisions of knowledgeable connections about the

personality qualities of the individual being studied.

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iii. Life data involve apparent life outcomes like being detained, getting ill, or graduating

from high school.

iv. Behavioral data comprise unswerving opinions of an individual doing something in a

challenging situation.

6. Describe the idea of "reliability" and contrast that to the idea of "validity."

Reliability refers to the steadiness of a measure. Psychologists cogitate three types of

reliability: Test-retest reliability, internal consistency and Inter-rater reliability. Validity on the

other hand is the degree to which the scores from an extent characterize the variable they are

projected to.

7. What is generalizability?

It refers to the level by which outcomes from a study can be stretched to the those in

ordinary settings, for example outside the lab.

8. When considering Ethnic and cultural diversity, what does the acronym WIERD stand

for?

W- Whole

I-Impossible

E- Ethnicity

R-Race

D-Diversity
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9. Briefly distinguish the differences between the Correlational Method and the

Experimental Method of research.

The correlation method recognizes variables and creates a relationship between them.

While the experimental method detaches and manipulates the independent variables to discern its

effect on the dependent variable.

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References

Howell, J. L., Collisson, B., & King, K. M. (2014). Physics envy: Psychologists’ perceptions of

psychology and agreement about core concepts. Teaching of Psychology, 41(4), 330-

334.