2nd Sem Dec 2019

Course: Business Low
Internal Assignment Applicable for December 2019 Examination
1. Explain the mechanism of a Digital Signatures which is recognized under the

Information Technology Act, 2000 and state at least two (2) of its applications
Answer: The Information Technology Act, 2000 became effective on October 17, 2000. It is
pertinent to the entire of India. It additionally applies to any offense or negation submitted
under the Act by any individual outside India (with the exception of as generally gave under
the Act). The Information Technology (Amendment) Act, 2008 was enacted on February 5,
2009. Are view of the amendments indicating that there are several provisions relating to data
protection and privacy, as well as provisions to curb terrorism using electronic and digital
medium that have been introduced into the new Act. The Act was passed with the view to
give a boost to the growth of electronically based transactions, provide legal recognition for
e-commerce and e-transactions, facilitate e-governance, prevent computer based crimes and
ensure security practices and procedures in the context of widest possible use of information
technology worldwide.
According to Section 3 of the Act, the mode of verifying the electronic records is through
digital signature. Certain provisions which should be taken into account for digital signatures
are as follows:
a) Any subscriber can authenticate an electronic record by affixing the digital signature.
b) The authentication of this electronic record shall be affected by the use of asymmetric
crypto system and hash function which envelop and transform the initial electronic record
into another electronic record. In order to explain the above statement we need to be clear
about the terms used above.
c) Hash function is an algorithm mapping that translates a sequence of bits into smaller
sequence of bits
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2. Explain in details two (2) real-life instances of Anti-Competitive Agreements which

have been prohibited by the Competition Commission of India.
Answer: The Competition Act of 2002 was passed for the following objectives:
● Prevention of practices that result in adverse effects on healthy competition
● Promotion and sustaining of healthy competition
● Protection of consumer interests
● Protection of freedom of trade by all participants in the market place
Duties of commission
Section 18 provides that it shall be the duty of the Commission to:
● Eliminate practices having adverse effect on competition
● Promote and sustain competition
● Protect the interests of consumers and
● Ensure freedom
3. Abhay and Seema have entered into a commercial agreement to license content.
However, Abhay did not deliver the content to the satisfaction of Seema. Hence, there
are disputes arisen between Abhay and Seema. Abhay and Seema do not want to go
through a protracted litigation process in Indian courts. Can you advise them on:
a. What should be done to conduct an arbitration between Abhay and Seema to resolve
their disputes
b. The difference between Arbitration, Conciliation and Mediation? What is the
advantages and disadvantages of each of these.
Answer: a) Conflict involves the struggle of a person with another person, or a thing or a
situation. It is a problem or disagreement, a situation that needs resolution. Every employee
faces an issue of conflict at work. Conflicts can be resolved if dealt the right way. Conflict
resolution is the process of finding a solution to a conflict. Resolving conflicts effectively
creates more understanding among those involved in conflict, increases team work, as
members develop stronger bonds., It also increases mutual respect, and improves self-
knowledge as conflict is a testing time, when the members can examine themselves.
There are many methods of dispute resolution which are simple and provide quick solution
than typical litigation process and arbitration is one of them. In this method, a third party
called the arbitrator is involved and is typically a private judge. The conflicting parties agree
in advance the choice of arbitrator and certify that they will abide by the arbitrator's decision.
The
arbitrator reviews the case presented by both sides of the disputing teams. The arbitrator then
imposes a decision that is legally binding for both sides. Arbitration offers a faster resolution
than through a

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Course: Business Statistics

Fixed acidity Volatile acidity Citric acid Residual sugar Chlorides

7.4 0.7 0 1.9 0.076
7.8 0.88 0 2.6 0.098
7.8 0.76 0.04 2.3 0.092
11.2 0.28 0.56 1.9 0.075
7.4 0.7 0 1.9 0.076
7.4 0.66 0 1.8 0.075
7.9 0.6 0.06 1.6 0.069
7.3 0.65 0 1.2 0.065
7.8 0.58 0.02 2 0.073
7.5 0.5 0.36 6.1 0.071
6.7 0.58 0.08 1.8 0.097
7.5 0.5 0.36 6.1 0.071
5.6 0.615 0 1.6 0.089
7.8 0.61 0.29 1.6 0.114
8.9 0.62 0.18 3.8 0.176
8.9 0.62 0.19 3.9 0.17
8.5 0.28 0.56 1.8 0.092
8.1 0.56 0.28 1.7 0.368
7.4 0.59 0.08 4.4 0.086
7.9 0.32 0.51 1.8 0.341
8.9 0.22 0.48 1.8 0.077
7.6 0.39 0.31 2.3 0.082
7.9 0.43 0.21 1.6 0.106
8.5 0.49 0.11 2.3 0.084
6.9 0.4 0.14 2.4 0.085
6.3 0.39 0.16 1.4 0.08
1. For the data on 26 red wines given above, conduct the following analysis:
i. Provide five-number summary i.e. the minimum, 1st quartile, median, 3rd quartile
and maximum value for fixed acidity. Arrange them in increasing order on a straight
line, draw a box plot and interpret what it means.
ii. Calculate the correlation coefficient between fixed acidity and volatile acidity and
between residual sugar and chlorides. Comment on the strength and direction of
association for the two variable pairs.
iii. What can be stated about the cause-effect relationship between fixed acidity and
volatile acidity, based on the correlation coefficient score?
Answer: I) Five-number summary of fixed acidity is as follows:

Fixed acidity
Minimum value 5.6
1st quartile 7.4
Median 7.8
rd
3 quartile 8.2
Maximum value 11.2
Interpretation: The measures of central tendency and measures of dispersion summarise

mass data in terms of its two important features.
● With respect to nature of data to cluster around a central value
● With respect to their spread from their central value
In the given case, data is distributed normally.

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2. For the data in the table below:

i. What do high kurtosis and skewness figures denote?
ii. Free Sulphur dioxide and total Sulphur dioxide have mean, median and modes that
differ substantially from each other. What can you infer from this?
iii. By looking at the descriptive stats of the variables, identify two that may be closest to
being normally distributed. Why?
Answer: Kurtosis: Kurtosis is a statistical measure that defines how heavily the tails of a
distribution differ from the tails of a normal distribution. In other words, kurtosis identifies
whether the tails of a given distribution contain extreme values.
Skewness: Skewness is asymmetry in a statistical distribution, in which the curve appears
distorted or skewed either to the left or to the right. Skewness can be quantified to define the
extent to which a distribution differs from a normal distribution.
The "mean" is the "average" you're used to, where you add up all the numbers and then
divide by the number of numbers.
The "median" is the "middle
3. Lok Sabha in India is to discuss a key constitutional amendment, and there will be
four rounds of voting. In each round of voting, assume that the ruling party has a 60%
chance of winning, i.e. getting the resolution passed by majority vote. Further assuming
that the voting rounds are independent of each other, what is the probability that:
a. The ruling party will win 0 rounds, 1 round, 2 rounds, 3 rounds or all 4 rounds of
voting?
b. The ruling party will win at least 1 round?
Answer: 1. There are 4 rounds

Therefore, n = 4
Probability of winning of ruling party = 0.6
Therefore, p = 0.6
Let X be the number of time ruling party won election.

X = 0,1,2,3,4
P = probability of winning ruling party
q=1-P
= 1 – 0.6

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Course: Essentials of HRM

1. Kanye Apparels Pvt. Limited is a home grown brand. It has come long way from
being a family business to a mid-sized organisation. Traditionally they always believed
in appraising employees through checklist method. Recently many employees have
come out being very vocal about their displeasure on the traditional way of appraisal
and feel it is an unjust way of assessing them. You have been hired as a consultant to
propose a new appraisal system. Also, conclude by justifying your selection for the
choice of appraisal method.
Answer: Performance appraisal is the process of obtaining, analysing and recording

information about the relative worth of an employee. The focus of the performance appraisal
is measuring and improving the actual performance and also the future potential of the
employee. Its aim is to measure what an employee does. According to E. B. Flippo,
"performance appraisal is the systematic, periodic and an impartial rating of an employee’s
excellence in the matters pertaining to his present job and his potential for a better job."
Performance appraisal is a systematic way of reviewing and assessing the performance of an
employee during a given period of time and planning for the future as well.
It is a method of evaluating the behaviour of employees in a work place in both quantitative

and qualitative aspects of job performance. It is a process which involves determining and
communicating to an employee how their performance has been and ideally, establishing a
plan for further improvement. In other words, you can say that performance appraisal means
evaluating the current or past performance of an employee relating to their potential and
performance standard. The data related to performance assessment is recorded and used for
promotion, confirmation,
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2. Alaya infrastructure is a small sized organisation having 150 employees. The
organisation never had a formal induction training. You are their first ever HR
Manager and you strongly feel the need to have induction training. You are asked to
present the concept and need for induction training to senior management. Conclude by
emphasizing on the importance/advantages of induction training.
Answer: An induction program is a very important step when new employees join an
organisation. It provides an introduction to the working environment and the role of the
employee in the organisation. Induction covers the employer and employee rights and, the
terms and conditions of employment. An induction program definitely covers any legal and
compliance requirements of the organization. Also it definitely tells employees about the
health and safety precautions to be taken in certain situations. Induction is meant to enable a
new employee to become productive and get integrated with the team faster and hence start
feeling good about his/her joining the new firm. The aim is not to “throw someone into the
deep end”. But to create an environment for the new employee to become productive and part
of the team in a
3. A web content creation organization name Natika which is into humor based content
is expanding and wants to hire a social media intern. Advertisement has to be placed for
the vacancy. Based on this
a. Write a job description for social media intern for the above organisation.
b. Write job specification for the above profile.
Answer: a) The job description describes in detail the various aspects of a job such as the
tasks involved, the responsibilities of the job and the deliverables. It also describes the setting
and work environment of the job. The scope and nature of the work, including all important
relationships of the work and duties of the position should be clearly laid out. Kind of work,
degree of complexity, degree of skill required, responsibility for each phase of work, etc.
Supervisory responsibility should be explained to employee in brief.
The job description is basically an outline of how the job fits in to the company. In the first
stage, the job analyst writes down the title of the job and clearly identifies to whom the job
holder will be
Course: Financial accounting and analysis

1. Wildcat Ltd, a manufacturing company sold a machinery for Rs 8 lacs at the year
end. The company had purchased the machinery four years back for Rs 15 lacs and had
depreciated the same using written down value method of depreciation @ 20%. As an
accounts executive of Wildcat Ltd, calculate the WDV of the asset for the four years,
accumulated depreciation for four years and profit/loss on sale, if any.
Answer:
Machinery account
Date Particulars Amount Date Particulars Amount
1st year 1st year
Apr-01 To bank a/c 1500000 Mar-31 By depreciation a/c 300000
Mar-31 By balance c/d 1200000
1500000 1500000
2nd year 2nd year
Apr-01 To balance b/d 1200000 Mar-31 By depreciation a/c 240000
Mar-31 By balance c/d 960000
1200000 1200000

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2. Mr. Shil Wants to record the financial transactions of his newly started business.
Discuss what accounting steps/stages he need to adhere so that the transactions can be
duly recorded and processed in order to prepare the financial statements.
Answer: A business is started with a view to earn profits, to grow and to sustain in the long
run. Profits are earned through the transactions like purchases, sale of goods and services,
incurring various expenditures etc. As a business person you would like to know in detail the
various types and amount of earnings as well as expenses also, the nature and value of assets
possessed during a particular period.
A systematic
3 a. Following information is available in respect of a company named, as Beta Ltd

Particulars Amount
Profit before taxes Rs 50 lakhs
Dividend declared per share Rs2
Price of the share prevalent on stock exchange Rs 200
Applicable tax rate 35%
Share capital of company 5 lakh shares of Rs 10 each
Calculate-
Earnings per share
Dividend Pay-out Ratio
Price earnings ratio
Answer: Earnings per share
Earnings per share = Profit available for equity shareholders

Number of equity shares
Calculation of Profit available for equity shareholders

Profit before taxes Rs 50 lakhs
Less: tax @ 35% Rs 17.50 lakhs
Profit (after tax) available for equity shareholders Rs 32.50 lakhs
Earnings per share = 32.50 lakhs

5 lakhs
= Rs. 6.5 per
Course: MARKETING MANAGEMENT

“Balwaan Gyms and Akhadas” is a new enterprise started by two young fitness freak
entrepreneurs Mr. Balraj and Mr. Balbuddhi. Balwaan Gyms and Akhadas is a chain
of gyms with a vision to make everyone healthy. The company has already opened 15
Gyms and Akhadas across five cities namely Mumbai, Bangalore, Pune, Delhi and
Kolkata. The gym has all modern facilities and amenities like 24*7 security, convenient
parking, flexi hours, group Classes on fitness, Personal Training, Private restrooms for
males and females. The most unique thing about Balwaan is that it also has all Indian
style akhadas where traditional body building is taught. Balwaan’s every store has a
healthy café where they serve traditional healthy food and drinks at extra cost. The
membership fees for the same is 24,000 per annum without a personal trainer. The
company has been relying only on word of mouth for yearly memberships. The
company has not undertaken any marketing promotion campaigns for the same. The
company is falling short of its expectation when it comes to membership and revenues.
Assume the company has hired you as a Marketing consultant and they want you to
advise them on the following issues:
1. List and discuss the major bases for segmentation of consumer markets. Explain the
four variables in detail for Balwaan.
Answer: A market segment is a portion of a larger market in which the individuals, groups,
or organisations share one or more characteristics that cause them to have relatively similar
product needs.
Five conditions must exist for segmentation to be meaningful:

1. A marketer must determine whether the market is heterogeneous. If the consumers‟
product needs are homogeneous, then it is senseless to segment the market.
2. There must be some logical Your last date is 2 December 2019
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2. How will you promote the Brand Balwaan Gyms and Akhadas online? Explain five
platforms that you will use to promote the same.
Answer: Online marketing can be quite challenging, as there is no direct, face-to-face

interaction with the customer. However, a good e-marketing strategy can overcome this
challenge and build a large customer base by proper planning and adopting the appropriate
strategies.
These days we find almost everything online as it saves our time and we get good discount as
well. As the company is expanding itself to the national market, going online will help it in a
big way. Apart from normal shops or through wholesalers and retailers, company may also
sell its products on various online websites which offer groceries etc. Online selling will help
the brand and company will achieve its desired objectives. Customers research online first,
whether they buy online or in-store
3.a. Explain various levels of product with reference to Balwaan Gyms and Akhadas.
3.b. Which celebrity will you select as a brand ambassador for the Balwaan Gyms and
Akhadas? Explain the choice of your celebrity with five reasons.
Answer: a) The product concept is based on the idea that consumers will favour those
products
that offer attributes like quality, performance, and other innovative features. Managers focus
on developing superior products and improving the existing product lines over a period of
time. The focus of the total product concept is on the product attributes. The problem with
this orientation is that managers forget to read the customer’s mind and launch products
based on their own technological research and scientific innovations. Prof. Theodore Levitt of
Harvard Business School termed this as ‘marketing myopia’. He recommended that
companies should not be short-sighted and adapt to the changing needs of the customers and
environment.
Levels of product with reference to Balwaan Gyms and Akhadas

The core product – This explains the reasons for which the customer purchases the product.
The essential benefit associated

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Course: Strategic Management
1. You have been appointed as a Strategy Consultant to a Swiss shoe making brand
namely “Bally” wanting to enter India. Which one of Porter’s Generic Strategies would
you choose to be operational in India & explain the reasons in detail behind your choice
of strategy? Once the strategy has been chosen, explain the categories of customers you
would target?
Answer: Porter evolved the theory that there are three generic strategic options available to
companies. These are:
• Cost leadership
• Focused cost leadership
• Differentiation
Porter’s theory is based on the concepts of niche marketing and mass marketing and product
proposition to be offered by different companies. Two dimensions of the strategy analysis are
market coverage and basis of product performance.
Cost leadership strategy is based on exploiting some aspects of the production process,
which can be Your last date is 2 December 2019
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2. UNIQLO is a Japanese casual wear designer, manufacturer and retailer that wishes
to enter India’s Retail market. Conduct a PESTLE analysis for Uniqlo in India &
suggest whether Uniqlo should enter India or otherwise.
Answer: PESTLE Analysis

● Political factors: The developments in the political environment strongly influence
marketing decisions. The constituents of political environment include laws, statutes,
government agencies and political parties. The marketers should use the political
climate in favour of their products. Legislation affecting business has increased
steadily over the years.
● Economic factors: Marketers are required to follow rules and regulations framed
under the law of the operating country with regards to pricing, advertising and all
marketing activities.
● Social factors: Social trends influence individuals, which increases the demand for a
particular product. For example, India’s shift towards younger population, the
migration of young peopl
3. You are the Chairman of Isuzu Motors in Japan. Your Indian subsidiary Isuzu India
has managed to gain only under 2% of the market share so far & Competitor brands
such as Maruti & Hyundai account for 50% & 17% of the market shares respectively.
a. What turnaround strategies can you suggest to arrest the decline of revenues &
profitability of your company?
b. In your opinion, would it be considered appropriate to pursue a Combination
Strategy? State your response with appropriate justifications & reasons.
Answer: a) Corporate turnaround may be defined as organizational recovery from business

decline or crisis. Business decline for a company means continuous fall in turnover or
revenue, eroding profit, or accrual or accumulation of losses. So, business or organizational
decline, like business performance, is understood in relative terms, that are, compared with
the past. But, some strategy analysts describe business decline in terms of current
comparisons also; for example, relative to industry rates or averages or even relative to
economic growth of the country. Corporate crisis means deepening or perpetuation of a
decline. Turnaround strategies are usually required for crisis situations. If organizational
decline is not

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2nd Sem Dec 2019

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Course: Business Low

Internal Assignment Applicable for December 2019 Examination

1. Explain the mechanism of a Digital Signatures which is recognized under the

2. Explain in details two (2) real-life instances of Anti-Competitive Agreements which

Your last date is 2 December 2019

Course: Business Statistics

Fixed acidity Volatile acidity Citric acid Residual sugar Chlorides

Answer: I) Five-number summary of fixed acidity is as follows:

Interpretation: The measures of central tendency and measures of dispersion summarise

Your last date is 2 December 2019

2. For the data in the table below:

The "median" is the "middle

Answer: 1. There are 4 rounds

Let X be the number of time ruling party won election.

Your last date is 2 December 2019

Course: Essentials of HRM

Answer: Performance appraisal is the process of obtaining, analysing and recording

It is a method of evaluating the behaviour of employees in a work place in both quantitative

Course: Financial accounting and analysis

Your last date is 2 December 2019

3 a. Following information is available in respect of a company named, as Beta Ltd

Answer: Earnings per share

Earnings per share = Profit available for equity shareholders

Calculation of Profit available for equity shareholders

Earnings per share = 32.50 lakhs

= Rs. 6.5 per

Course: MARKETING MANAGEMENT

Five conditions must exist for segmentation to be meaningful:

Answer: Online marketing can be quite challenging, as there is no direct, face-to-face

Levels of product with reference to Balwaan Gyms and Akhadas

Your last date is 2 December 2019

Answer: PESTLE Analysis

Answer: a) Corporate turnaround may be defined as organizational recovery from business

Your last date is 2 December 2019

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