 On March 1, 1888, some native Filipinos and mestizos marched in procession to the official residence

of Jose Centeno and presented a petition demanding the immediate expulsion of the friars of the
religious orders, and of the Archbishop, whom they declared unworthy to occupy the Primacy of the
Islands.

 On March 2, 1847, Cayetano L. Arellano, the first Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the
Philippines under American Civil Government, was born in Orion, Bataan.

 On March 3, 1894, educator Paz Marquez-Benitez, who authored the first Filipino modern English-
language short story "Dead Stars", was born in Lucena City, Quezon.

 On March 4, 1879, Rosa Sevilla de Alvero, educator, writer and one of the notable suffragists in Asia
who fought for the Filipino women's right to vote, was born in Tondo, Manila.

 On March 5, 1899 the Central Methodist Episcopal Church, the first Protestant church in the
Philippines, was founded during the American occupation.

 On March 6, 1909, the University of the Philippines Los Baños (UPLB) founded by American botanist
Edwin B. Copeland, was officially established.

 On March 7, 1867, Tomas A. Remigio, one of the finest playwright during American Period, was
born in Sampaloc, Manila.

 On March 8, 1902, Gregorio Y. Zara, a well-known Filipino scientist with 30 devices and equipment
patented to his name, was born in Lipa City, Batangas.

 On March 9, 1891, Jose P. Laurel, president of the Japanese-sponsored Republic of the Philippines
during World War II, from 1943 to 1945, was born in Tanauan, Batangas.

 On March 10, 1906, Alejandro G. Abadilla, regarded as "Father of Modern Tagalog Poetry", was
born in Rosario, Cavite.

 On March 11, 1947, the Filipino people ratified in a nationwide plebiscite the "parity amendment" to
the 1935 Constitution.

 On March 12, 1996, the Philippine Judicial Academy was created by the Supreme Court in
accordance with Republic Act No. 8557 as a “training school for justices, judges, court personnel,
lawyers and aspirants to judicial posts."
 On March 13, 1877, General Leandro Fullon, a revolutionary leader and the liberator of Antique
during the Philippine Revolution, was born in Hamtik, Antique.

 On March 14, 1903, the Manila Electric Company (Meralco), which supplies electric power to Metro
Manila residents at present, was established.

 On March 15, 1565, the so-called Sandugo or blood compact was made between Bohol chieftain
Sikatuna and Spanish explorer Miguel Lopez de Legazpi in Bohol.

 On March 16, 1960, Araneta Coliseum, considered the biggest coliseum in Asia during its time, was
inaugurated.

 On March 17, 1957, President Ramon F. Magsaysay, the so-called champion of the Filipino masses,
died at the age of 49 in a plane crash in Cebu.

 On March 18, 1928, Fidel Valdez Ramos, the 12th president of the Philippines, was born in
Lingayen, Pangasinan.

 On March 19, 1723, Josefa Gabriela Silang, the first Filipino woman to lead a revolt during the
Spanish colonization of the Philippines, was born in Santa, Ilocos Sur.

 On March 20, 1843, Ambrocio Flores, a general of the Philippine Revolutionary Army who
succeeded General Antonio Luna as secretary of war after his assassination, was born in Manila.

 On March 21, 1897, Marcela Marcelo, the Woman General of the revolution died in the Battle of
Pasong Santol (Dasmariñas), Cavite.

 On March 22, 1869, Emilio Aguinaldo, the President of the First Philippine Republic, was born in
Cavite El Viejo (present day Kawit), Cavite.

 On March 23, 1863, Mariano Ponce, a Filipino physician noted for his works and contribution in the
Philippine Revolution, was born in Baliuag, Bulacan.

 On March 24, 2001, Roselle Ambubuyog became the first visually-impaired Filipina to emerge as
summa cum laude graduate of the Ateneo de Manila University (ADMU).

 On March 25, 1936, Philippine Commonwealth President Manuel L. Quezon issued Executive Order
No. 23 which prescribed the technical description and specifications of the national flag.
 On March 26, 1867, Braulio Rivera, one of the "Thirteen Martyrs of Bagumbayan", was born in
Gitna (now renamed after him), Tondo, Manila, near the corner of Zabala and Sto. Cristo Streets,
Manila. Braulio was the son of Jose Rivera, a worker at the tobacco monopoly administration.

 On March 27, 1890, Ruperto Kangleon, a legend in the resistance movement during the Japanese
occupation, was born to Braulio Kangleon and Flora Kadava in Macrohon, Leyte (now part of Southern
Leyte).

 On March 28, 1979, President Ferdinand E. Marcos signed into law the Dairy Industry Development
Act of 1979, meant to accelerate the production, processing, marketing and distribution of local milk
products.

 On March 29, 1936, Dr. Quirino O. Navarro, a noted Filipino chemist, was born in Pinamalayan,
Oriental Mindoro.

 On March 30, 1591, a municipal ordinance was issued forbidding the natives to wear silks and other
"stuffs" from China.

 On March 31, 1884, Teodoro M. Kalaw, the so-called Father of Philippine Libraries, was born in
Lipa, Batangas.

 On April 1, 1989, Colonel James Rowe of the US Army was killed by hit squad ambush. He was the
first serving US Army officer to be killed by a rebel group in the Philippines.

 On April 2, 1788, Prominent Filipino poet Francisco Baltazar, the Philippine counterpart of famed
English writer William Shakespeare, was born in Panginay, Bigaa, Bulacan.

 On April 3, 1939, Catalino Ortiz Brocka, better known as Lino Brocka, one of the greatest film
directors of the Philippines and National Artist for Films (1997), was born in Pilar, Sorsogon.

 On April 4, 1868, Felipe Calderon, a lawyer, statesman, and known as the "Father of Malolos
Constitution", was born in Santa Cruz de Malabon (now Tanza), Cavite to Don Jose Gonzales
Calderon and Doña Manuela Roca.

 On April 5, 1964, General Douglas MacArthur died in the Walter Reed Medical Center, Washington
DC, of biliary cirrhosis, early afternoon Sunday, 3:39am Manila time.
 On April 6, 1828, King of Spain, Ferdinand VII, issued a decree establishing a public bank in the
Philippines to meet the requirements of increasing commerce and trade in the islands.

 On April 7, 1871, Epifanio de los Santos, nationalist, writer and scholar, lawyer, researcher,
musician, politician, painter, among others, was born in Malabon Rizal, now a city of Metro Manila.

 On April 8, 1975, a Friendship Tower symbolizing the restored friendship between the Philippines
and Japan following World War II, was inaugurated in the municipality of Bagac on Bataan peninsula.

 At dawn of April 9, 1942, Major General Edward P. King, commander of the Bataan forces, was
forced to surrender together with his men when the Filipino and American soldiers could no longer
defend the Bataan peninsula from the invasion of Japanese troops.

 On April 10, 1866, General Isidoro Torres, a scion of prominent families in Bulacan who established
many Katipunan chapters, was born in Malolos, Bulacan.

 On April 11, 1867, Leonor Rivera, Dr. Jose Rizal's sweetheart who became model for the Maria
Clara character in Noli Me Tangere, was born in Camiling, Tarlac.

 On April 12, 1895, Andres Bonifacio first declared Philippine independence inside a cave called
Pamitinan in Montalban (now Rodriguez town) in Rizal.

 On April 13, 1872, Ramon Avanceña, Chief Justice of the Supreme Court who contributed
immensely in enriching Philippine jurisprudence, was born in Molo, Iloilo.

 On April 14, 1521, Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan serving the Spanish royalty erected a
wooden cross on the shores of Cebu, where the Filipinos could see it.

 In April 15, 1947, the Philippine National Red Cross (PNRC) was established by virtue of Republic
Act No. 95. Dona Aurora Aragon Quezon, wife of Commonwealth President Manuel L. Quezon,
became its first president.

 On April 16, 1902, General Miguel Malvar surrendered to General Franklin Bell in Tanauan,
Batangas, after having been surrounded by forces of Bell, General Mariano Trias, and General Juan
Cailles. In the words of Felipe Buencamino, Trias and Cailles "cooperated a good deal" with Bell to
effect the surrender of Malvar.
 On April 17, 1898, General Francisco Makabulos, leader of the Katipunan revolutionary forces in
Tarlac, established the Makabulos Republic with the promulgation of the Makabulos Constitution.

 On April 18, 1877, Vicente Yap Sotto, son of Marcelino Sotto and Pascuala Yap, a patriot, lawyer and
publicist, acknowledged Father of Cebuano Journalism, Literature, and Language, was born in Cebu
City.

 On April 19, 1937, Joseph "Erap" Ejercito Estrada, the 13th President of the Philippines, was born in
Tondo, Manila to Emilio Ejercito, an Engineer, and Maria Marcelo. His parent moved to San Juan
where he grew up.

 On April 20, 1874, Servillano Aquino, a Katipunero and patriarch of Aquino family, was born in
Angeles, Pampanga to Braulio Lacsamana Aquino and Antonina Petrona Henson Aguilar. When he was
young, his family migrated to Tarlac.

 On April 21, 1899, the first Presbyterian Mission led by Reverend Dr. James B. Rodgers, arrived in
the Philippines. Rodgers pioneered in evangelistic, educational, and ecumenical work, being
instrumental in the founding of the Philippine Evangelical Union in 1901.

 On April 22, 1822, the Paco Cemetery, once the burial place of notable and prominent figures,
including the national hero Dr. Jose Rizal, was completed.

 On April 23, 1946, Manuel A. Roxas was elected President of the Commonwealth of the Philippines.
 On April 24, 1982, the First Cecil Awards night, an annual recognition of individuals and institutions
who have contributed to the development of Philippine music, was held at the Cultural Center of the
Philippines.

 On April 25, 1888, Juan Marcos Arellano y de Guzman, a Filipino architect and painter, best known
as architect of Manila's Metropolitan Theater, was born in Tondo, Manila.

 On April 27, 1521, Spanish explorer Ferdinand Magellan was defeated and killed by warriors of Lapu-
Lapu, a native chieftain of Mactan Island.

 On April 28, 1949, Mrs. Aurora Quezon, her daughter Maria Aurora, her son-in-law, Philip
Buencamino III, together with nine others including Mayor Ponciano Bernardo of Quezon City, were
shockingly murdered in a machine-gun ambuscade by a band of Hukbalahaps while on their way to
Baler, the birthplace of former President Quezon. Mrs. Quezon was the widow of the former
President.
 On April 29, 1980, Lungsod ng Kabataan, one of the most modern children's hospitals in the
Philippines, was inaugurated in Quezon City. The facility was created by virtue of Presidential decree
#1631 during the administration of President Ferdinand Marcos.

 On April 30, 1865, Patrocinio Gamboa, the revolutionary heroine of Iloilo more popularly known as
"Tia Patron", was born in Jaro, Iloilo.

 On May 1, 1903, the first Labor Day celebration in the Philippines took place. It was organized by the
Union Obrera Democratica de Filipinas, the first labor federation in the country.

 On May 2, 1902, on urgent recommendation of the Philippine Commission, the US Congress passed
an act authorizing a coinage system for the Philippines with a standard Philippine dollar, or "peso",
worth fifty cents of American money and exchangeable at government treasuries for this amount.

 On May 3, 1859, Enrique Mendiola, educator and textbook author, was born in San Miguel, Manila
to Quintin Mendiola, a blacksmith, and Maria Escolastica Victorino.

 On May 4, 1917, Nicomedes "Nick" Joaquin, historian, journalist and a National Artist of the
Philippines for Literature who is also widely known with his nome de plume Quijano de Manila, was
born in Paco, Manila.

 On May 5, 1869, Fabian Cueto de la Rosa, regarded as foremost Filipino painter during the American
period, was born in Paco, Manila.

 On May 6, 1942, Corregidor, the strongest fortress of the United States in the Orient, was
surrendered unconditionally to the Japanese army.

 On May 7, 1892, Private Tomas Mateo Claudio, a former Bureau of Prisons employee, the first
Filipino soldier to die in First World War was born in Morong, Rizal.

 On May 8, 1967, Republic Act No. 4867 was passed into law. It divided the Province of Davao into
three provinces namely Davao del Norte, Davao del Sur and, Davao Oriental.

 On May 9, 1872, Gregorio Torres Singian, the so-called Father of Philippine Surgery, was born in San
Fernando, Pampanga.
 On May 10, 1884, Maria Paz Mendoza Guazon, the first woman to graduate from the first medical
school in the country, the UP College of Medicine in 1912, was born in Pandacan, Manila as Maria Paz
Mendoza.

 On May 11, 1818, Francisco Mercado, father of the national hero Dr. Jose Rizal, was born in Biñan,
Laguna.

 On May 12, 1962, President Diosdado Macapagal moved the Philippine Independence Day
celebration from July 4 to June 12.

 On May 13, 1903, Apolinario Mabini, often referred to as "the Sublime Paralytic", died of cholera in
Manila at the age of 38.

 On May 14, 1935, the Constitution of the Philippines was ratified by a large majority of the Filipino
people.

 On May 15, 1893, Jose Nepomuceno, known as the Father of Philippine Movies, was born in Manila.

 On May 16, 1899, La Democracia, the first Filipino newspaper to recognize the sovereignty of the
United States in the country, started publication.

 On May 17, 1843, General Pascual V. Ledesma, Visayan revolutionary leader and the first officer-in-
command of the Philippine Navy, was born in Himamaylan, Negros Occidental.

 May 18, 1268 The Principality of Antioch, a crusader state, falls to the Mamluk Sultan Baibars in the
Battle of Antioch

 On May 19, 1893, the Maura Law was promulgated. Named after its author Antonio Maura y
Montañer, who was then the Minister of Colonies of Spain.

 On May 20, 1865, the Secondary Education in the Philippines was organized with schools divided into
public and private.

 On May 21, 1963, General Emilio Aguinaldo, at the Veteran Memorial Hospital, signed a deed
donating his historic house at Kawit, Cavite to the Philippine Government on condition that he will
have the right to continue to live there until his death.

 On May 22, 1867, Julio Nakpil, a Filipino composer who also fought during the Philippine revolution
against Spain, was born in Quiapo, Manila.
 On May 23, 1578, Governor Francisco de Sande, who had taken possession of Borneo for Spain, sent
off an officer, Esteban Rodriguez de Figueroa, to subdue the Sulu Islands, instructing him to convert
(as gently as he can) the pirates of that place into peaceful farmers, paying tribute to the Spanish
Crown.

 On May 24, 1915, the board of regents of the University of the Philippines (UP) elected Ignacio
Villamor as president of the university. Villamor was the first Filipino president of the UP.

 On May 25, 1895, Governor General Ramon Blanco ordered the exile of 9 prominent citizens of
Malolos, Bulacan, mostly friends and relatives of Marcelo H. Del Pilar some to Mindanao and some to
Palawan for conspiracy against the Church.

 On May 26, 1859, Felipe Agoncillo, considered as the first Filipino diplomat assigned by the
Revolutionary Government to campaign for recognition of Philippine independence by foreign
countries, was born in Taal, Batangas.

 On May 27, 1893, Magdalena Gonzaga Jalandoni, a Hiligaynon poet, playwright and novelist, was
born in Jaro, Iloilo City.

 On May 28, 1898, the battle of Alapan between the Filipino revolutionary forces led by General
Emilio Aguinaldo and the Spanish naval infantry led by Captain Pedro Castila, was fought in Alapan,
Imus, Cavite.

 On May 29, 1963, Doña Maria Agoncillo, second wife of General Emilio Aguinaldo, died at the
Veterans Memorial Hospital, Quezon City, at the age of 84.

 On May 30, 1892, Fernando Amorsolo, declared as the first National Artist in Painting in 1972 and
the so-called "Grand Old Man of Philippine Art", was born in Paco, Manila.

 On May 31, 1764, the Spanish troops led by Simon de Anda y Salazar re-entered Manila, took back
possession of the city in line with the terms of the peace treaty at Paris, ending the British occupation
of Manila.