UNIVERSITY TECHNOLOGY MARA

FACULTY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

ELC501
ENGLISH FOR CRITICAL ACADEMIC READING ASSIGNMENT 1

PREPARED FOR :

PN. ZURINA BINTI ZUBIR

PREPARED BY :

 HAZIMAN BIN ZAKARIA

 MOHD AIMRAN BIN SUAID

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The author of ‘why are animal used in research’ try to deal with the issue of is it proper
to uses animal in research. His introduce reader with a hard statement that infectious disease
cannot be cured without having animal research and it is contributing to better nutrition and
sanitation. When some medical technique or medicine is developing animal should be used
rather than human in ethical aspect. Other than that, the animal can offer experimental model
such as fed identical and closely monitored diets that mostly impossible if using human subjects.
Beside the advantage using animals in research there are some limitation which only mammal
is essential for research due to its close to human in evolutionary terms. Another issue arises is
the percentage animal die in a research lab is lower than another factor and the pain that animal
will experience in the research procedure.

Most in the article the author’s position is biased to approving and supporting the issue
to uses animal in research. The author claim that animal research has even contributed to better
nutrition and sanitation. Besides that it is possible to obtain information that cannot be learned
in any other way. He also claims that increase in the field of biotechnology with a low number
of animal abuse, including deaths, breed, pain and discomfort. Although some of the animals
may experience acute or prolonged pain during research but most of the institutional
committees, including the author consider the animal pain just a small problem compared to
the solution they need for human beings. Finally, he take into account that if the uses of animal
in research is band of law, there only little hope to overcome human suffering.

There are few types of supporting detail that the author uses in bringing the issue. Most
of the author claim are more from its opinion and point of view. In paragraph one he stated that
animal research makes people healthier and even contributed to better nutrient and sanitation.
He also claims that without animal research there is almost possible to obtain some information
in paragraph 2 and in the last paragraph he once again claim that without animal research there
are little hope to eliminate the widespread of human infection reflect his personal opinion.
Beside that he also takes in some opinion from the expert on the last paragraph where they
believe that animal discomfort and pain experience is a small problem compared to the
statistical amount of human suffering. Other than that author use case studied in paragraph two,
some example in paragraph two and three, statistical data at paragraph five and seven, and
research finding in paragraph six to support his claim.

In this article the author fulfills the aspect of relevance, objectivity, completeness,
credibility and validity. The support is directly related to the argument for example only animal
can be fed identically and closely monitored diet and on the other hand it still has some
biological similarities to human so its related to the argument impossible by using human
subject in the experimental model. Most of the support consists fact and clear evidence such as
data from the 1998 Animal Welfare Enforcement Report by Department of Agriculture prove
that the author's argument has objectivity. Animal research is essential in alleviating this
widespread human suffering compare that they abuse in animal show the argument is complete.
Low percentage of animal abuse in laboratory, low number of dead involve a lab animal, better
nutrition and sanitation in animal research and social confrontation in using human subject to
show the argument has validity and credibility.

Based on the article, there will be a lot more goodness and cures that can be developed
in the future. There will be sometime a helpful cure may be found from this method. Even
though there look like cruel to use an animal as a subject, but it should be continuous because
in future it may be helpful and save a lot of human life.

The tone that's been used by the author was supportive tone. ”As much as it benefits
the human, animal used in research takes its toll on the condition of the animal itself. The author
was being optimistic. The author's belief that most of the animals only experience minimal pain
while being experimented. The author also stated that the usage of animal has been producing
lots progressive. They're also a gentle touch by the author when being considerate about the
American that suffer from chronic pain.

From the article, the author's purpose was to inform about the animal used in the
experiment. From the research on the animal. The facts is polio vaccine was developed from
it. Author is also informing the reader, that no animal was abused while being used as
experimental. According to the 1998 Animal Welfare Enforcement Report by Department of
Agriculture, about 94 percent of all animals reported are not exposed to painful procedures or
given drugs to relieve any pain caused by a procedure.

Finally, the intended group that the author wan tackle was general public. Since the
author would like to share the knowledge and the word used aren’t highly scientific so it’s easy
for the reader to digest it. Another clue was the resource of the article. The article was published
publicly on the internet for all.
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