PREFACE

Practical
 Acknowledgement
I express my sincere thank to training and placement officer (
 Index

S.NO. TOPICS PAGE NO.

Introduction
 Project Overview

 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY :-

1. Project :- PROJECT MEETING HALL & 4 V.I.P SUITS BLOCK AT

CIRCUIT HOUSE,CAMPUS BARIELLY.
2. Duration:- a) Commencement date – Jun,2019
b) Completion date- Dec,2020

3. Client:-

4. Contractor:- Aslam Khan

5. Estimated project cost :- Rs

 TECHNICAL INFORMATION:-

1. Grade of cement :-
2. Type of mixture :-
3. Size of aggregates :-
4. Bricks standard :-
5. Reinforcements used :-
6. Methods of mixing :-
7. Vibrators used :-
 Main Elements of PROJECT

1. Planning.
2. Quality and quantity control.
3. Substructure (Foundation planning) :-
 Excavation.
 PPC(Plain Cement Concrete).
 Footings.
 Plinth beam.
4. Superstructure:-
 Brickwork.
 PLANNING
Construction planning involves identifying all the required steps to build a structure, splitting
them into defined activities, ordering these steps logically, and determining the necessary
materials, manpower, and equipment.

1. What is the importance of planning in project ?

Project management is important because it ensures the right people do the right things, at the
right time – it ensures proper project process is followed throughout the project lifecycle.
Surprisingly, many large and well-known companies have reactive planning processes

2. What is the benefit of planning?

1. Planning helps decision makers by providing guidelines and goals for future decisions.
2. Planning helps a manager exercise more control in a situation, establish goals
"proactively" and consider contingencies.

A project plan defines the parameters and purpose of individual business projects. It clarifies
why the plan is being implemented and the ultimate purpose the plan will serve. The plan also
serves as a tool for keeping everyone associated with the project on track and focusing on the
same details and information.
BEFORE STAT

1. COLLECTING THE INFROMATION.:-

 QUALITY AND CONTROL TEST
OF MATERIALS

 Field tests for CEMENT :-

 Date of Manufacturing: As the strength of cement reduces with age, the date
of manufacturing of cement bags should be checked.
 Cement Color: The color of cement should be uniform. It should be typical
cement color i.e. gray color with a light greenish shade.
 Whether Hard Lumps are Formed: Cement should be free from hard lumps.
Such lumps are formed by the absorption of moisture from the atmosphere.
 Temperature Inside Cement Bag: If the hand is plunged into a bag of
cement, it should be cool inside the cement bag. If hydration reaction takes
place inside the bag, it will become warm
 Smoothness Test: When cement is touched or rubbed in between fingers, it
should give a smooth feeling. If it felt rough, it indicates adulteration with sand.
 Water Sinking Test: If a small quantity of cement is thrown into the water, it
should float some time before finally sinking.
 The smell of Cement Paste: A thin paste of cement with water should feel
sticky between the fingers. If the cement contains too much-pounded clay and
silt as an adulterant, the paste will give an earthy smell.
 Glass Plate Test: A thick paste of cement with water is made on a piece of a
glass plate and it is kept under water for 24 hours. It should set and not crack.
 Block Test: A 25mm × 25mm × 200mm (1”×1”×8”) block of cement with water
is made. The block is then immersed in water for three days. After removing, it
is supported 150mm apart and a weight of 15kg uniformly placed over it. If it
shows no sign of failure the cement is good.
 Field tests for AGGREGATES :-

 TEST FOR ORGANIC IMPURITIES IN FINE AGGREGATE

The aggregate must be checked for organic impurities such as decayed vegetations,
humus, and coal dust, etc. Colour test is a reliable indicator of the presence of harmful
organic matter in aggregates except in areas where there are deposits of lignite.

 TEST FOR SILT CONTENT OF FINE AGGREGATE

It is important to use clean aggregate for concrete. If the aggregates are coated with
dirt, silt or clay, it will result in a poor concrete because the dirt will prevent the
cement from setting and also weaken the bond between the aggregates and the cement
paste. Further owing to their fineness and therefore large surface area, increases the
amount of water necessary to wet all the particulars in the mix, this also resulted more
shrinkage of concrete. As determine with the given field test, the sand shall not
contain more than 8% of silt.

 TEST FOR MOISTURE CONTENT OF CONCRETE AGGREGATE

The various stages in which the aggregate may exist are (a) over dry (b) air dry (c)
saturated surface dry (d) damp or moist. On the construction site, the sand (fine
aggregate) usually carries some free moisture. Total internal moisture content of an
aggregate in the saturated surface dry condition may be termed as “Absorption
capacity” although it is sometimes referred to simply as the absorption. The amount of
water required to bring an aggregate from the air dry condition to the saturated surface
dry condition is termed as “effective absorption”. The absorption is determined by
finding the weight of a surface dried sample after it has been soaked for 24 hours and
again finding the weight after the sample has been dried, the difference in weights,
expressed as a percentage of dry sample weight, is the absorption capacity.
 Field tests for BRICKS :-

 Absorption Test on Bricks :-

Absorption test is conducted on brick to find out the amount of moisture content
absorbed by brick under extreme conditions. In this test, sample dry bricks are taken
and weighed. After weighing these bricks are placed in water with full immersing for
a period of 24 hours. Then weigh the wet brick and note down its value. The
difference between dry and wet brick weights will give the amount of water
absorption. For a good quality brick the amount of water absorption should not exceed
20% of weight of dry brick.

 Hardness Test on Bricks :-

A good brick should resist scratches against sharp things. So, for this test a sharp tool or
finger nail is used to make scratch on brick. If there is no scratch impression on brick then
it is said to be hard brick.

 Shape and Size Test on Bricks :-

Shape and size of bricks are very important consideration. All bricks used for construction
should be of same size. The shape of bricks should be purely rectangular with sharp edges.
Standard brick size consists length x breadth x height as 19cm x 9cm x 9cm. To perform
this test, select 20 bricks randomly from brick group and stack them along its length ,
breadth and height and compare. So, if all bricks similar size then they are qualified for
construction work.

 Color Test of Bricks :-

A good brick should possess bright and uniform color throughout its body.

 Soundness Test of Bricks :-

Soundness test of bricks shows the nature of bricks against sudden impact. In this test, 2
bricks are chosen randomly and struck with one another. Then sound produced should be
clear bell ringing sound and brick should not break. Then it is said to be good brick.

 Efflorescence Test on Bricks

A good quality brick should not contain any soluble salts in it. If soluble salts are there,
then it will cause efflorescence on brick surfaces.
 Field tests for STEEL REINFORCEMENTS :-

When a lot of steel received at site, First check the Manufacturer test certificate for its
actual properties.
With each lot of steel, manufacturer should send a test certificate of same lot for test
done at their laboratory.
Check for grade of steel mention in certificate and is as per the order or not.

Steel bars may have rusting on it, do check closely to know either it is acceptable or
not.
Steel received should be free from any contamination like, mud, dust, oil and any other
foreign material etc.
Bars should not have splits and any other deformation on it.

A brownish bars showing little rusting due to weathering are good for use.
Small amount of rust is good for bonding of steel and concrete.
If excessive scaling observed on the surface of bar, it should not be accepted.
SUBSTRUCTURE

1. EXCAVATION
2. PCC(PLAIN CEMENT CONCRETE)
3. FOOTINGS
4. COLUMNS
5. PLINTH BEAMS
 SUPERSTRUCTURE

BRICKWORK MASIONARY
CONCLUSION
THANKYOU