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Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
FORMULARIO DE ALGEBRA
1. Espacio vectorial
1.1. Sistema de coordenadas
1.1.1. Unidimensional
( , )=| − |=| − |= ( , )
={ ∈ : < < } ∪ { , }
= −
+
= , ≠ 1
1+
+
=
2
1.1.2. Bidimensional
( , )= | − | +| − |
+ +
= → ( )=( , )= ;
1+ 1+
1.1.3. Tridimensional
( , , )= | − | +| − | +| − |
+ + +
= → ( )=( , , )= ; ;
1+ 1+ 1+
+ = +
∃! ∈ ⁄ + = + =
∃! (− ) ∈ ⁄ + (− ) = (− ) + =
( + )= + , ∀ ∈
( + ) = + , ∀ , ∈
( )=( ) , ∀ , ∈
1. = ,1 ∈
− = + (− )
− =( − , − , − ,…, − )
. =( , , , … , )( , , , … , )
. =( + + +. . . + )
⃗. ⃗ = ⃗. ⃗ , ∈
⃗ ⃗ + ⃗ = ⃗ ⃗ + ⃗ ⃗ , , ∈
⃗⃗ ≥0
⃗⃗ = 0↔ ⃗ =
⃗ = ( , )→ = (− , ) ∈ ℝ
⃗ = ( , , )→ = (− , , )∈ℝ
‖ ⃗‖ = ‖( , , ,…, )‖ = + + +. . . +
‖ ⃗‖ ≥ 0
‖ ⃗‖ = | |‖ ⃗‖
⃗ + ⃗ = ‖ ⃗‖ + ⃗
⃗. ⃗ = ‖ ⃗‖
⃗+ ⃗ ⃗+ ⃗ = ⃗+ ⃗ = ‖ ⃗‖ + 2 ⃗ ⃗ + ⃗
⃗− ⃗ ⃗ − ⃗ = ⃗ − ⃗ = ‖ ⃗‖ − 2 ⃗ ⃗ + ⃗
⃗ ⊥ ⃗ → ⃗ + ⃗ = ⃗ − ⃗
2.2. Propiedades
Lim =
→
lim ( )= lim ( )
→ →
lim [ ( ) ± ( )] = lim ( ) ± lim ( )
→ → →
( ) lim ( )
→
lim =
→ ( ) lim ( )
→
lim [ ( )] = lim ( )
→ →
lim ln ( ) = ln lim ( )
→ →
( ) < ℎ( ) < ( ) lim ( ) = lim ( ) → lim ℎ( ) =
→ → →
lim ( ) = ∧ lim ( ) = → =
→ →
lim ( + +⋯+ + + )
→
=( + +⋯+ + + )
lim ( ) = lim ( + ℎ)
→ →
− = ( − )( + + +⋯+ + )
− = ( − ) ( , )
lim ( , ) = lim = lim
→ → →
−
√ − =
( . )
lim ( . )= lim √ = lim
→ → →
lim sin( ) = 0
→
lim cos( ) = 1
→
sin( )
lim = 1
→
1 − cos( )
lim = 0
→
1 − cos( ) 1
lim =
→ 2
tan( )
lim = 1
→
sin ( )
lim =1
→
tan ∓ tan
tan( ± ) =
1 ∓ tan tan