S C I E N C E - a colloid of a gas in a liquid

“Colloids
“Whipped cream
- a heterogeneous mixture where very small particles
- is a foam of air in cream
of one substance are evenly distributed throughout
4. Emulsion
another substance.
- a colloid of liquid or solid in a liquid and a liquid in
“Colloids
a solid.
- their particles are suspended in the mixture rather
“Mayonnaise
than fully dissolved.
- an emulsion of egg yolk in oil
- some of them have the qualities of homogeneous
“Milk
mixtures that it’s hard to tell the difference just by
- a mixture of liquid butterfat dispersed and
looking at them.
suspended in water
“Key Characteristic of Colloids
>Comparison of Solutions, Colloids and Suspension<
- heterogeneous butt may look homogeneous
Solution
- particle size lies between that of the solution and
- Homogeneous
suspension
- Do not separate on standing
- Tyndall effect
- Cannot be separated by filtration
“Particles of Colloids
- Do not scatter light
- they will not settle to the bottom but they will stay
Colloids
suspended or float permanently in the middle. - Heterogeneous
“Colloidal solution
- Do not separate on standing
- when mixed they remain evenly distributed without
- Cannot be separated by filtration
settling out. They are larger than those of a solution - Scatter light (Tyndall effect)
but smaller than those of a suspension. Suspensions
“Colloidal dispersion - Heterogeneous
- consists of colloid particles in a dispersing medium - Particles settle out
“True solution - Can be separated by filtration
- particle size less than 10-7cm - May scatter light, but are not transparent
“Colloid
- particle size between 10-7cm and 10-5cm “Tyndall Effect
“Suspensions - the scattering of light by colloidal particles.
- particle size greater than 10-5cm - headlights in the fog.
“Four kinds of Colloids “Tyndall effect test
1. Gel - pour some of the liquid into a smooth, clear glass.
- a colloid of a solid in a liquid - hold it against a dark background and point the
“Pudding light from a small flashlight with a narrow beam
- a gel of starch and water through the liquid
“Quick sand - if the beam of light is visible, the liquid is colloid
- a colloid of sand in water. - the large particles in a colloid will scatter the light
2. Aerosol - can also be seen in a dusty room on a sunny day
- a colloid of a solid or liquid in a gas “Dust particles
“Smoke - it scatter the light making the sunbeam visible.
- an aerosol of solid in a gas “Air particles
“Fog - are too small to scatter light
- is an aerosol of water in air ‘’Smaller particles
3. Foam
- if the beam of light going through a liquid is not
visible
>Ways of Separating the Components of Mixtures<
1. Physical Separation/ Picking Out
- this method is done when the components of a
mixture are big enough to be picked out and they
are of different sizes
- it involves the use of bare hands in separating
substances or common materials such as spoon, fork
and tongs
- can also sort different sizes of fruits or eggs from a
container using your hands
2. Winnowing
- means to scatter or sift out by the wind
- this method also used in separating mango seeds
from the tiny leaves and seed coats which are mixed
when you buy a pack of mango
3. Magnetic Separation
- this method is used for separating magnetic
materials from nonmagnetic materials.
- when looking for a lost needle on the floor just
move the magnet on the floor and all the magnetic
materials will stick to the magnet, including the lost
needle
4. Filtration
- it is good for separating an insoluble solid from a
liquid
- in a mixture of sand and water placed in aquarium,
sand can be separated from the mixture using
filtration
- used in cooking and baking to separate various
ingredients and purify liquids
‘’Residue
- the particles accumulated in the filter
“Filtrate
- purified water
5. Evaporation
- the process of turning liquids into gas
- involves the heating and boiling of the mixture until
the water evaporates leaving the solid component,
salt in the evaporating dish
6. Sedimentation
- the process of separating an insoluble solid from a
liquid in which it is suspended by allowing it to settle
to the bottom of the container
7. Gravity Separation
- used to separate the components of a mixture of
immiscible liquids
>>Liquid is said to be Immiscible when it does not
mix with the other liquid or liquids in the mixtures
“Separating Funnel
- used in this method which is designed based on the
differences on the densities of the liquids
8. Distillation
1. Simple Distillation
- good for separating a liquid from a solution
2. Fractional Distillation
- used for separating two or more liquids from each
other
- alcohol can be separated from a solution of alcohol
and water by fractional distillation, this method works
because the two liquids have different boiling points
and volatility
“Volatility
- the ability of a liquid to evaporate
“Volatile liquids
- such as alcohol and acetone evaporate faster
compared to water
>Water is not volatile
“Components of Crude Petroleum
- are separated by the process of fractional
distillation into different fractions like gasoline,
diesel, kerosene, lubricating oil
9. Decantation
- the process of pouring liquids gently into another
container
- used inn separating liquids with different densities.
10. Centrifugation
- a process of separating mixtures with suspended
solid particles in a liquid by centrifugal force
“Centrifuge
- this process involves the use of a machine
- the container, usually test tube, then placed in the
centrifuge
- is set for a desired time to rotate allowing the solids
particles to settle more rapidly at the bottom
>Processes that Separate Mixture<
1. Evaporation - it is connected by ligaments
2. Filtering “Ligaments
“Water filters - tough connective tissues that can be stretched
- used to improve the taste and purify tap water “Tendons
“Commercial water filters - muscles are connected to the bones by connective
- used to remove impurities from the water during tissues
the production of different food products - made up of tough materials so body movements
“Air filters are made possible
- often used in building ventilation systems and clean
industrial rooms to ensure that the air is free of dust
and other substances >Parts of skeleton
3. Magnetic separation “Appendicular skeleton
4. Sifting - composed of the collar bones, shoulder blades, hip
- separates the denser metal-containing rocks from bones and the bones of the arms and legs
lighter rock material, which has very little metal - total of 126 bones
content, to make it easier to remove the metals from “Axial skeleton
the rocks - composed of the skull, backbone, sternum or
5. Panning breastbone and the ribs
- a separation process developed by early searchers - made up of 80 bones
6. Separating Industrial Mixtures “Skull
“Skeleton - composed of the cheek, nose and jawbones,
- gives your body shape, support, and allows encases and protects the brain
movement to take place - made up of 23 connected bones fused at lines
>>Human body is composed of 206 bones called sutures
“Bones >Spinal Column
- made up of bone cells surrounded by proteins and “Vertebra
minerals - made up of a series of 26 hallow bones
“Proteins - supports the head and the trunk
- make the bones flexible - it allows them to bend, turn and protect the spinal
“Calcium and Phosphorus cord
- make the bones strong and hard >Rib Cage
“Marrow - composed of the sternum or breastbone and the
- most bones are hollow and are filled with a soft ribs
tissue - contains 12 pairs of ribs, 10 of them are attached to
“Fats the sternum
- stored in yellow marrow “Floating ribs
“Red blood cells - the remaining 2 pairs are unattached
- produced in the red marrow of some bones “Sternum
“Cartilage - a flat long bone found in the middle of the chest
- a smooth and slippery fibrous tissue >Bones of the Arms and Legs
“Synovial fluid “Shoulder Girdle
- produces a certain fluid that lubricates the bones - composed of the collar bones/clavicles and the
- gives shape to the ears and the tip of the nose shoulder blades/scapulae
“Joint “Clavicles and Scapulae
- where two or more bones meet
- stabilize the rib cage and connect the shoulder to - a disease of the bone common to older people
arm 5. Osteoporosis
“Humerus - a disease of the bone due to calcium deficiency
- upper arm bone 6. Scoliosis
“Ulna and Radius - a bone disease where the person suffering from the
- lower arm bones illness posseses an abnormal curvature of the spine
“Hip bone or Pelvis - can be treated if it is detected on its early stage
- below the waist - can be corrected by putting a brace from the waist
- supports the weight of the body and connects the to the chest
backbone and the legs “Muscle fibers
“Femur - muscles are composed of bundles of thin cells
- leg bones are made up of an upper leg bone that - they are wrapped by a thin covering of connective
extends from the hips to the kneed and is the longest tissues and have blood vessels and nerve fibers
bone of the body within them
“Tibia and Fibula
- lower leg bones
“Patella or Kneecap “Skeletal muscles
- between the upper leg and the lower leg - the muscles connected to the bones that are
>Common Injuries, Diseases and Disorders of the responsible for your body movements
Skeletal System - they are voluntary muscles
“Fracture “Muscles of the face
- break or cut in a bone - directly attached to the skull
- caused by a fall, vehicular accident or strenuous “Tendons
activity - muscles of the arms and legs are attached to the
1. Simple/Closed Fracture bones through the tendons
- takes place when the bones break but the fractured - these are tough white dense connective tissues that
end does not protrude out of the skin connect muscles to the bones
2. Compound/Open Fracture “Biceps
- the bone breaks and protrudes from the skin - when you bend the muscle of your arms, the upper
“Joint Injuries muscle contracts and shortens
1. Sprain “Triceps
- occurs when great pressure is exerted on the - when you bend the muscle of your arms, the lower
tendons and ligaments around an ankle joint, causing muscle relaxes and lengthens
them to be overstretched “Smooth muscles
2. Dislocation - muscles which are not attached to the bones
- it happens when the ends of the bone are pulled - it works automatically so they are also called
out of the joint usually accompanied by a torn involuntary muscles
ligament or sometimes a bone fracture “Involuntary muscles
3. Torn Cartilage - they are found in the walls of the blood vessels,
- occurs when a joint experiences a strong blow or allowing blood to flow
impact from an outside force often on knees of “Peristalsis movement
athletes - swallowing of food is made possible through the
- usually undergoes surgery to remove the damaged peristalsis movement of thee smooth muscles of the
parts food tube
4. Arthritis “Diaphragm
- breathing, even if you are asleep, is made possible
“Cardiac muscles
- found only in the heart
- responsible for the continuous beating of the heart
- it allows the circulation of the blood throughout the
body
- normal heartbeat ranges from 70-80 times per
minute
>Common Injuries and Disorders of the Muscular
System
1. Bruise
- an injury of the muscles characterized by the
formation of bluish-black spot on the affected area
- occurs when the muscle receives a strong blow or
bump against a hard object

2. Cramp
- an uncontrolled and painful contraction of the
muscles E N G L I S H
- occurs if the person is engaged in strenuous and “Metaphor
repetitive physical activity, losing a lot of body fluids - a figure of speech that is directly compare traits of
in the form of sweat people, animals and things
- common to athletes like basketball players, “Simile
swimmers, runners, volleyball players and bikers - a figure of speech that makes use of like/as.
- due to poor blood circulation “Francisco Quisumbing
3. Muscle strain - the ball pensarepowered be quick ink which was
- when a person overuses his muscle when discovered of fish inventor
performing physical activities “Ruperta David
- causes the muscle to be stretched, accompanied by - she accidentaly discovered of the fish sauce putting
swelling and pain in a Jar
4. Torn muscle or Tendon “Dr. Fe del Mundo
- happens when a person lifts a very heavy object or - she was the 1st Asian to have entered the
exerts too much force in moving an object prestigious Harvard University School of Medicine
- muscles are abruptly pulled resulting in a torn “Pedro Flores
muscle - he made the popular toys for all ages
5. Muscle atrophy “Future Tense
- thee decrease in the muscle mass - refers to action in the future time
- can be a partial complete wasting away of a muscle “Past Tense
- refers to action that take place at present
“Dyslexia
- this condition is the brain based difference
“Simile
- make use of ‘’like’’ and ‘’as’’
1. The promise of success is as sweet as jam
2. Her triumph is like a diamond in the coal
3. Her determination is as frim as the strands of hair
on the scalp
“Metaphor
- is directly compare traits or people with things
1. Her heart is pure gold
2. Her faith is a rock and she can’t be shaken
3. Why is it important to embrace not just the
positive but also negative things that happen in your
lives?
4. What do you learn from the unfavorable
experiences that you have life?
5. Do you think the speaker was able to achieve his
desire to become a better person after everything?
Why do you say so?

Embracing All
Light that lies deep inside of me
Come forth in all thy majesty
Show me thy gaze M A T H E M A T I C S
Teach me thy ways “Decimal
That I a better person may be - relating to or denoting a system of numbers and
arithmetic based on the number 10.
Darkness that lies deep inside of me “Period
Come forth in all thy mystery - the length of one full cycle
Show me thy gaze “Multiplication
Teach me thy ways - process or skill of combining matrices, ventors or
That I a better person may be others qualities under specific rules to obtain their
product
“Division
Love that lies deep inside of me - the operation which is the opposite of
Come forth in all thy majesty multiplication
Show me thy gaze “Problem solving
Teach me thy ways - process of working through details of a problem to
That I a better person may be reach a solution
“Word clues
1. Why is the poem entitled, ‘’Embracing All’’? - the words that the lecturer used to indicate the
2. What did the speaker in the poem embrace? angle to take when you answer the question
“Make plan
- it’s thinking the best strategy to solve the problem
“Look back
- it’s checking the answer if it is correct and sensible
“Pesosian
- this symbol was added to the Unicode Standard
Inversion 3.2 and assigned UT 20B1
A R A L I N G P A N L I P U N A N
“Hulyo 7, 1892
- ang kilusang mapanghimagsik ay itinatag matapos
mapabalita ang pagpapatapon kay Rizal sa Dapitan,
Zamboanga del Norte
“Kataas-taasan Kagalang-galang na Katipunan ng
mga Anak ng Bayan
- KKK
- sa pangunguna ni Bonifacio kasama sina Valentin
Diaz, Teodoro Plata, Ladislao Diwa, Deodato Arellano
at iba pa, naitatag ng palihim ang organisasyon na
ito.
>Pangunahing layunin ng KKK<
1. Pagsisikap na matamo ng Pilipinas ang kasarinlan
mula sa Espanyol
2. Pagtuturo at pag-aaral ng kagandahang-asal,
kalinisan, mabuting pakikipagkapuwa, at pagtalikod
sa panatisismo
3. Pagtutulungan at pagtatanggol ng mga naapi lalo
na ang mahihirap
“Paraang tatsulok
- ginamit ito ng mga Katipunero sa malaking
paghahangad na makakalap ng mga kasapi
- ang bawat kasapi ay nangalap ng dalawang nais
sumapit
“Oktubre 1892
- naging mabagal ang paraang tasulok kaya’t
pinayagan na ang mga Katipunero na tuwiran nang
mangalap ng kahit ilang kasapi
“Balangkas at Antas ng mga kasapi ng Katipunan
1. Katipon
*Kasuotan; itim na talukbong na may tasulok na may
putting hangganan, sa loob ng tatsulok ay nakasulat
ang mga titik na ‘’Z. LI. B.
*Hudyat; Anak ng Bayan
2. Kawal
*Kasuotan; 1. Berdeng talukbong, na may tatsulok na
may outing hangganan, sa tatlong anggulo ng
tatsulok ay nakasulat ang mga titik na ‘’Z. LI. B.’’
2. Nakasabit sa leeg ang isang medalyong
may nakaukit na letrang ‘’K’’ sa sinaunang baybayin
sa gitna
*Hudyat; GomBurZa
3. Bayani
*Kasuotan; 1. Pulang mascara na may putting
tatsulok, kung saan nakasulat sa loob ang
sumusunod;
K
K K
Z. LI. B.
2. Pulang laso sa baywang na may
berdeng hangganan
*Hudyat; Rial
>Kartilya ngg Katipunan ni Emilio Jacinto<
1. Ang buhay na hindi ginugugol sa isang Malaki at
banal na kadahilanan ay kahoy na walang lilim, kundi
damong makamandag
2. Ang gawaing magaling na nagbubuhat sa
pagpupita sa sarilim at hindi sa talagang nasang
gumawa ng kagalingan ay di kabaitan
3. Ang tunay na kabanalan ay ang
pagkakawanggawa, ang pag-ibig sa kapuwa at ang
isukat ang bawat kilos, gawa’t pangungusap sa
talagang katuwiran
4. Maitim man o mapiti ang kulay ng balat, lahat ng
tao ay magkakapantay, mangyaring ang isa’y higitam
sa dunning, sa yaman, sa ganda, ngunit di
mahihigitan sa pagkatao
5. Ang may mataas na kalooban, inuuna ang puri sa
pagpipita sa sarili, ang may hamak na kalooban,
inuuna ang pagpipita sa sarili sa puri
6. Sa taong may hiya, salita’y panunumpa
7. Huwag mong sayangin ang panahon. Ang yamang
nawawala’y maaring magbalik, ngunit ang panahong
nagdaan na’y di na muli pang magdadaan
8. Ipagtanggol ang inaapi at kabakahin ang umaapi.
9. Ang taong matalino’y ang may pag-iingat sa bawat
sasabihin, at matutong ipaglihim ang dapat ipaglihim
10. Sa daang matinik ng kabuhayan, lalaki ang siyang
patnugot ng asawa’t mga anaka, kung ang umaakay
ay tungo sa sama,m ang patutunguhan ng inaakay ay
kasamaan
1. Noong Hunyo 7, 1896 sinugo ni Andres Bonifacio
si Pio Valenzuela upang makipagkita kay Jose Rizal sa
Dapitan.
2. Para kay Rizal, hindi pa napapanahon ang
himagsikan noong 1896 dahil wala pang sapat na
sandata ang mga rebolusyonaryo.
3. Ikinumpisal ni Teodoro Oatino kay Padre Mariano
Gil ang lihim ng Katipunan.
4. Ang pagkakatuklas ng Katipunan noong Agosto
19, 1896 ay naging hudyat ng pagwawakas ng
paghihimagsik laban sa mga Espanyol
5. Ang pagpunit ng sedula ng mga Katipunero at ang
pagsigaw ng ‘’Mabuhhay ang Pilipinas’’ ay kilala
bilang Sigaw sa Pugadlawin.
6. Nahati ang pangkat ng mga Katipunero sa Cavite
sa dalawa ang Magdiwang at Magdalo.
7. Noong Disyembre 31, 1896 isang kapulungan ang
idinaos sa Imus para pag-usapan ang pagtatatag ng
isang bagong pamahalaan na hahalili sa pamahalaan
ng Katipunan.
8. Nabigo ang Kasunduan sa Biak-na-Bato dahil sa
kawalan ng pagtitiwala sa isa’t isa ng mga
manghihimagsik na Pilipino at mga Espanyol
9. Ang Iglesia Filipina Independiente ay ang
simabahang itinatag na pinamunuan ni gregorio
Aglipay noong 1902.
10. Si Emilio Jacinto na isang propagandista at
manunulat ang nagtatag ng unang samahin ng mga
manggagawa sa Pilipiinas ang Union Obrera
Democratica.
“Felipe Calderon
- pinuno ng lupon na gumawa ng Saligang Batas ng
Malolos
“Apolinario Mabini
- ang nagpayo kay Aguinaldo ng Pagpapalit ng uri
ng pamahalaan mula diktatoryal tungo sa
rebolusyonaryo
“Pedro Paterno
- Nahalal na pangulo ng Kongreso ng Malolos
“Marcela Agoncillo
- ang naatasan ni Aguinaldo na tumahi ng ating
bandila
“Julian felipe
- ang naglapat ng musika sa ating pambansang awit
“Felipe Agoncillio
- siya ang nanguna na makuha ang pagkilala ng
ibang mga bansa sa kasarinlan ng Pilipinas
“Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista
- sumulat at nagbasa ng proklamasyon ng kalayaan
ng Pilipinas noong Hunyo 12, 1898 sa Kawit, Cavite
“Emilio Aguinaldo
- ang pangulo ng Unang Republika ng Pilipinas
“Jose Palma
- ang titik ng pambansang awit ay nagmula sa isang
tula na isinulat niya
“Mariano Ponce
- ang naatasan ni Aguinaldo na maghanda ng isang
saligang batas na magtatag ng isang republikong
pamahalaan
 - ito ay diptonngo dahil magkatabi ang patiinig na I
at malapatinig na W
3. aklat
- sa isang pantig salitang-ugat
4. aklatan
- -an ang ginamit na panlapi sa salitang ugat na aklat
‘’Mula sa Wala, Isang Himala’’ Page 65
>Salitang may salungguhit
1. Biglang-biglang may tumubo
- di-namalayan
2. Sinag ng liwanag
- silahis
3. Malakas na bumagsak
- nangahuhulog
4. Hitik sa bunga
- maraming marami
5. Tumubo sa kapatagan
- nabuhay
6. Di-akalaing mabuhay
- himala
7. Tumubo ang halaman; may ugat at sanga
- di-namalayan
8. Sigaw sa kalawakan
- hiyaw
9. Tumayo na parang taong may buhay
- tumindig

“Kalinisan” Page 73
“Intonasyon
- ang pagtaas at pagbaba ng tinig habang
nagsasalita

“Isang Tanawin… Biyaya Natin” Page 79

“Payak
- walang panlapi
F I L I P I N O (ex.) araw, mesa, halaman
“Aba, Tag-ulan Na!’’ Page 63
>Ang salita ay maaring magtagkay ng kambal- “Inuulit
katinig o klaster, diptonggo, salitang-ugat at panlapi - may gitling
Halimbawa; (ex.) araw-araw, tayo-tayo, sila-sila
1. blangket “Tambalan
- ito ay kkambal-katinig o klaster dahil magkatabi - may gitling
ang B at L sa isang pantig (ex.) bahay-kubo, pusong, mamon, bantay-salakay
2. aliw
>Uri ng Payak na Pangugusap
1. Payak na simuno at payak na panaguri
- may isang simuno at isang panaguri
(ex.) Si Sinukuan ang pinakamagandang dalaga sa
Arayat.
2. Tambalang simuno at payak na panaguri
- may dalawang simuno at isang panaguri
(ex.) Si Sinukuan at si Mingan ay nag-uusap nang
seryoso
3. Payak na simuno at tambalang panaguri
- may isang simuno at dalawang panaguri
(ex.) Si Sinukuan ay isang maganda at matapang na
dalaga
4. Tambalang simuno at tambalang panaguri
- may dalawang simuno at dalawang panaguri
(ex.) Si Sinukuan at si Mingan ay nag-uusap at
nagkikita sa bundok ng Arayat
“Tambalang Pangungusap
- kapag dalawa ang diwang ipinapahayag
- ginagamitan ng mga pangatnig uupang
pagdugtungin ang dalawang diwang ito
{at, o, saka, samantalang, habang, subalit, pero
datapwat}
“Hugnayang Pangungusap
- na may isang diwang makapag-iisa at isang diwang
di makapag-iisa.
“Diwang makapag-iisa
- maari ring tawaging “Sugnay na makapag-iisa
- pinag-uugnay ng mga pangatnig na nagbigay
kahulugan sa sanhi, o bunga; isang kundisyon o
isang kahihinatnan
>Tatlong Pangungusap ayon sa Kayarian
1. Payak
- isang diwa lamang ang ipinapahayag
2. Tambalan
- nagpapahayag ng dalawang kaisipan at pinag-
uugnay ng mga pangatnig
3. Hugnayan
- binubuo ng sugnay na makapag-iisa at sugnay na
di makapag-iisa
“Tono
- dito malalaman kung galit, masaya o malungkot
ang tauhan sa kuwento o tula
“Intonasyon
- ito ay tumatalakay sa pinagmulan o dahilan ng
isang pangyayari
“Sanhi
- ito ay pagtataas ng tinig habang nagsasalita
“Bunga
- ito ay ang kinalabasan o dulot ng naturang
pangyayyari
“Payak
- isang diwa lamang ang pinahayag
“Tambalan
- nagpapahayag ng dalawang kaisipan at
pinaguugnay ng pangatnig
“Hugnayan
- binubuo ng sugnay na nakapag-iisa at sugnay na
dii mapag-iisa
“Payak
- ito ay mayroong isang simuno at panagurii
“
- salitang binubuo ng pag-uulit ng isang bahagi ng
salita o ng buong salita
“
- salitang binubuo sa pamamagitan ng pagsasama o
pagtatambal ng dalawang salita
Proseso A
1. Aalis na ako / habang tulog ba si beybi
2. Magluluto na ba si ate / 0 mamamalengke muna
siya
3. Mabait na bata si Arnold / datapwat huwag niyo
siyang gagalitin
4. Malakas kumain si Andy / pero hindi pa rin
tumataba
5. Nagbabasa at nagsusulat ng takda / sina Jerico at
Jerry
6. Tunay bang siya ang nanalo / at pararangalan sya
sa Linggo?
7. Salamat sa Diyos, at magkakatrabaho na si Richard
8. Sina Vincent at Jaclyn / ay magpinsan at
magkaibigan
9. Maliligo raw sa ilog si Ike/ at mamimingwit ng isda
10. Bumili ka ng suka / at patis kay Mang Doming
“Banal na Aklat
- Ang parabulang ito ay madalas sabihin ni Hesus.
“Magsasaka
- Ang akdang ito ay tungkol sa manghahasik.
“Butong pananim
- Kailangan ng magsasaka ang binhi bago ito itanim
sa bukid.
“Kinain
- Tinuka ng ibon ang binhing nalaglag sa batuhan.
“Matabang lupa
- Mabilis tumubo ang binhi sa halumigmig na lupa.
1. Magbigay ng isang pangungusap na sinabi ni
Hesus sa mga tao ng sila ay magtipon-tipon
2. Saan-saan nalaglag ang binhing tinapon ng Diyos
3. Ano ang nangyari sa binhing laglag sa batuhan.
4. Paano maikukumpara sa tao ang mga binhing
nahulog sa matabang lupa. Ipaliwanag
5. Ayon sa inyong palagay anong binhi ang dapat
tularan ng isang mag-aaral na tulad mo?
V A L U E S
“Steve Jobs
- the acknowledged creator of iPhones, iPads and
iPods
- he was fired or dumped by the board of directors of
Apple, the company he himself had co-founded with
his bosom friend, Steve Wozniak.
“Michael Jordan
- the most famous basketball star in history
- experienced rejection from his high school
basketball team
“Rudyard Kipling
- one of the greatest geniuses of literature, was given
a rejection slip by the San Francisco Examiner
- he knew nothing about the proper use of the
English Language.
“Elvis Presley
- the most popular rock and roll singer
- he was thrown out of his first performance
- the owner of the club told him to simply, ‘’Stick to
driving trucks!!”
“The Siblings” Page 45
1. What happened to the siblings that used to love
and help each other?
- they had a minor misunderstanding and escalated
until the two stopped talking to each other
completely and they also stopped helping and caring
for each other.
2. What did the younger brother do that incensed
the older brother? Why do you think the younger
brother did that?
- he made a thick line using a bulldozer which
became the pond.
- to annoy his older brother because the argument
that they had
3. To get even, what did the older brother think of
doing? Why did he think of doing it?
- he thought to use the planks to build a fence
between their fields
- to have a revenge on his younger brother
4. The carpenter played a huge part in their
reconciliation. How did he manage to accomplish
this?
- he worked the whole day without stopping and
made a wooden bridge complete with handrails on
each side.
5. In any type of relationship, what should we build-
walls or bridge? Explain you answer.
- when you make a bridge or a way to connect with
other people it will gives you a chance to become a
better vision of yourself it is because you can have a
lot of experiences that you will never experience
when you keep on making a wall to other people.
C O M P U T E R
“Douglas Carl Engelbart
- invented the computer mouse
- helped with the development of a GUI while at
Xerox PARC
“Dov Moran
- founder and chairman of M-Systems company
- who invented the Disk on Key (also known as flash
drives/thumb drives)
- sold M-Systems to SanDisk for the amount of $1.6B
(2006)
“Evan Williams
- American Entrepreneur and founded of two of the
Internet’s top 10 websites, Blogger and Twitter.
- he invented the term ‘’blogger’’
- he was instrumental in the popularization of the
term ‘’blog’’
“Gary Kildall
- the man who gave Bill Gated the world
- American Computer Scientist and Microcomputer
Entrepreneur who invented the CP/M operating
system and founded Digital Research, Inc. (DRI)
“Gary Robinson
- known for his mathematical algorithms that fight
spam (SpamBayes, SpamAssassin)
- patented a procedure to use web browser cookies
to monitor consumers across different web sites
- allowing marketers to better match advertisements
with consumers
“Gary Starkweather
- invented the laser printer while working at Xerox
- invented color management technology and led the
development of Colorsync.
“Greg Chesson
- inventor of the Xpress Transfer Protocol (XTP), a
flexible transport protocol created for high-speed
networks
- often referred to as the godfather of networking
because of his many contributions to the area
“James Russell
- inventor of the digital compact disc in the late
1960’s.
- he was among the first to use a color TV screen and
keyboard as the sole interface between computer
and operator
- he designed and built the first electron beam
walker
“Jeff Hawkins
- founder of Palm Computing
- inventor of the PalmPilot and of Handspring’s Treo.
“Martin Cooper
- led the team at Motorola that developed the
handheld mobile phone, the early cellphone
- made the first cellphone call on April 3, 1973
“Mark Zuckerberg
- best known as one of five co-founders of the social
networking website Facebook.
- he is the chairman and chief executive of Facebook,
Inc. Wikipedia
“Philippe Kahn
- credited with creating the first camera phone
solution sharing pictured instantly on public
networks
- he has founded 4 technology companies;
1. Fullpower Technologies
2. Starfish Software
3. Lightsurf Technologies
4. Borland
“Radia Joy Perlamnn
- considered as the “Mother of the Internet”
- software designer and network engineer.
- best known of her invention of the spanning-tree
protocol (STP), which is fundamental to the operation
of network bridges
“Ralph H. Baer
- known as “The Father of Videogames”
- best known for leading the development of the
Brown box and Magnavox Odyssey, the 1st home
video game console and his pioneering patented
work in establishing video games
“Reynold B. Johnson
- American inventor and computer pioneer known as
the father of the disk drive
- he also invented the Videocassette tape
“Richard Francis Lyon
- known for inventing the optical mouse
- created early Global Positioning System (GPS)
Test transmitters
- inventor of the first single-chip Ethernet device
“Seymour Papert
- one of the pioneers of artificial intelligence
- inventor of the Logo programming language
“Steven Paul Jobs
- owner of Pixar
- inventor or co-inventor of 342 US Patents relating
to computers and portable devices
- spearheaded and the advent of the iPod, iTunes,
iPhone and iPad while CEO of Apple
“Analyst Programmers
- they write, test, design and develop computer
software and programs
- software and applications programmers will
develop code in accordance with end user
requirements
“Computer Network Professionals
- they do research and analyze network strategies
and make well thought out recommendations upon
their findings
- it provides user support and troubleshoot and
diagnose issues within the network
“ICT Support Technicians
- they work to solve problems within a computers
infrastructure
- the technical aspects of this job tend to revolve
around the resolution of computer based issues
“Multimedia Specialists
- they use a variety of software and techniques to
create digital or visual graphic images for multimedia
- they should have strong technical abilities with
software and scripting programs
“Programmers
- they create and edit computer programs by
converting the requirements of a project into code.
- they also write and develop computer programs in
order to locate, retrieve and store specific data,
information, or documents
- they may also program specific websites
“Front of Computer Case
1. Optical Disc Drive
2. USB (Universal Serial Bus) Port
3. Audio In/Audio Out
4. Power Button

“Back of Computer Case

1. Power Socket
2. Audio In/Audio Out
3. Ethernet Port
4. USB Port
5. Monitor Port
6. Serial Port
M U S I C
“Duration
- the length of time of a note or rest
“Rhythmic pattern
- organized into patterns of notes and rests
“Bar lines
- divide group of notes into measure
>Times Signature Chart<
“Top Number
- beats in each measure
“Bottom Number
- note receiving 1 beat
“Beat patterns
- the art of directing a musical performance by way
of visible gestures
- helps in unifying the performers, set the tempo and
execute clear preparations and beats
“Broken measure
- some musical pieces begin in the 2nd or 3rd beat
>Different Time Signatures<
“2
4

“3
4
“4 “Emphasis
4 - refers to an area or an object within the artwork
that draws attention and becomes a focal point
“Harmony
- in visual design means all parts of the visual image
relate to and complement each other
“Slow6 - it pulls the pieces of a visual image together
8 - can be achieved through repetition and rhythm
“Analogous colors
- any 3 colors which are side y side on a 12 part color
wheel
“Monochromatic color
“Moderate 6 - one color in many shades
8 “Complementary colors
- any 2 colors which are directly opposite each other
“Triad colors
“Fast 6 - colors forming a triangle
8
P H Y S I C A L E D U C A T I O N
>Ball handling drills
“Ball slap
A R T - player holds the ball with the right hand and slap it
“Drawing with the left hand
- a form of visual art in which a person uses various - procedure is repeated many times
drawing instruments “Ball pat
“Logo - the player should use both hands
- a sign, symbol, trademark or badge which conveys - move the ball back and forth between both hands,
the identity or ownership of a product keeping the ball out in front
“Cartoon Character >Passing drills
- a fictional character depicted in an animated film or “Two-handed chest pass
a comic strip - 2 players face each other 10 feet apart
“Yo-Kai - start by holding the ball with both hands
- means a little cute specter or specters - the ball is thrown to the other partner using 2
‘’Shape hands away from the chest
- a self-contained defined area of geometric or “Bounce-pass
organic form - one is a passer, the other is the receiver
“Space - the passer calls out the receiver’s name
- an element of art that refers to distances or areas - the ball is passed bouncing towards the receiver
around, between or within components of a piece >Shooting drills
- it can be positive (white/light) or negative “Two-handed set shot
(black/dark), open or closed, shallow or deep and 2 - player starts with the ball close to the body
dimensional or 3 dimensional - fingers of both hands are placed under the ball,
“Color thumbs pointing upward so that the rim of the
- the element of art that is produced when light, basket can be seen
striking an object, is reflected back to the eye
>The officials in basketball are the Referee, Umpire, “Height
Timekeeper and Scorer - one of the indicators of a student’s past nutritional
>What is the aim of the basketball game? status
- shows whether he/ she is tall, short or has normal
height suited for his/her age
“Weight
- an ideal ratio of weight to height should be
maintained to prevent cardiovascular disease
>General characteristics of a cleans and safe school
1. Wastes are segregated properly
2. Facilities and equipment are available for the
students
3. Students feel a friendly and cordial atmosphere
4. Trees and other plants are visible within the school
5. The school is free from smoking, liquor, and other
undesirable elements
>Community Health Resources
1. The surroundings are clean and tidy
2. Playground, parks, and sports facilities are clean
and safe
3. Roads and sidewalks are safe and free from wastes
4. Plants and trees surrounds the community
H E A L T H 5. People are safe
>Oral or Dental Concerns H E L E
- it is always best to observe proper oral hygiene to >Hog Breeds
keep the mouth healthy and free from any disease ‘’Duroc Jersey
>Oral problems include; - it is solid red in color, and a cross breed between
1. Halitosis the cherry red Duroc from New York and the red hog
- another term used for bad breath from New Jersey
2. Gingivitis “Large White
- an inflammation of the gum tissues caused by - has a solid white color and deep long body with
plague or tartar slightly arched back
3. Perodontitis - the face is slightly dished out and the ears are erect
- a gum infection caused by bacteria that been and inclined forward
damage “Landrace
‘’Posture - has solid white color, dropping ears, and deep long
The ability of body to sustain its position in space body with slightly arched back
‘’ scoliosis - has excellent mothering ability, produces large
Shown on the sideways curve of the spine litters and performs well under confinement
‘’ Lordosis “Berkshire
- known as swayback - has a black body and head with white in the nose,
- it affects the lower back legs and tail
‘’Kyphosis - the dished face is erect but slightly inclined forward
- known as hunchback ears.
- it affects the upper back - it is very prolific and quite easy to propagate
“Hampshire
- it is originated in Hampshire England
- it is the easiest to identify
- it is black with a white belt around the body in the
region of the shoulders and front legs
“Poland China
- this hog is black except for a small patch of white
usually found on the feet, nose, and end of the tail
>Livestock Diseases and Parasites
“Arthritis
- damp, cold, and rough floors with little bedding
may be one cause of this disease.
- the joint of the pig become soft and swollen at first
but become firm as the condition continues
- if unchecked, the pig may become permanently
lame
“Baby-Pig-Hypoglycemia
- it affects the baby pigs during the first three days
after the pig is farrowed
“Hog Cholera
- young hogs are more susceptible to the disease
than older hogs.
- there is no treatment for the disease.
- infected animals must be slaughtered
“Clostridium Enteritis
- affects pigs during the 1st week after farrowing.
- pigs may die within 10 days or the disease may
become chronic and they die later
“Swine Vesicular Disease
- the chief symptom of SVD is the formation of
blisters on the lips, tongue, snout, and above and
between claws of the feet
- the pig loses appetite as the body temperature rises
“Tapeworms
- attack pigs of all ages
“Roundworms
- these are large round worms living in the intestines
- the cause heavy losses to the raiser due to stunting
development of a potbelly
“Lungworms
- these are long worms, slender, whitish, and thread
like in diameter
- these weaken the pig and cause them to cough and
breathe with difficulty and grow more slowly
“Whipworms
- it will begin to scour in about 3 weeks after being
moved from the farrowing house to the nursery or
pasture
- the pig lose weight and become gaunt
- they may die after 30 to 60 days
“Mange
- the most serious and most contagious skin disease
- it is caused by a very small mite that lives on the
skin of the pig
- if feeds on the skin tissue and as a result, the pig’s
skin become dry, rough, and scaly
“Lice
- hog lice sucks the blood of the pig
- because of its blood sucking habits, hog raises
believe it may be responsible for the spread of
infection
>Cattle Breeds
*For meat
“Ongole/Nellore
- colored white but its hump and neck are dark gray
- mature male weighs 730-834 kg
- female weighs 420-625 kg
“Santa Gertrudes
- color is red to cherry red
- has loose hide w/ skin folds on the neck and sheath
or navel flap
- hair is short and straight in warm climates
- usually horned
- male weighs 750-1000 kg
- female weighs 563-670 kg
“Bali or Banteng
- color is brown which changes to black for adult
males
- body is neat, compact and deep with well
developed forequarters
- the medium sized horn curve up and slightly
backward
- male weighs 350-375 kg
- females average about 210 kg
- the udder is small with no distinct dewlap
*For dairy
“Brahman - average milk production is 6kg/day
- color varies from gray to white, brown, red, and “Red Sindhi
black with occasional spots - may be red, dark-red or light yellow with occasional
- has a prominent hump over the shoulders with white spots on the forehead
loose, pendulous skin under the throat - matured male weighs 415 kg
- has a long face with dropping ears - female weighs 310 kg
- male weighs 726-998 kg - average milk production is 6kg/day
- female weighs 454-635 kg “Knowledge
- it is highly tolerant to heat and resistant to insects - it is a source of income for a family or big time hot
and diseases raise
“Holstein Friesian
- its color combination of black and white may vary
from a spotted white to almost all black
- quiet and docile
- male weighs 818 kg
- female weighs 568 kg
- average milk production is 22kg/day
“Brown Swiss
- color ranges from fawn to almost black with light
colored muzzle and a stripe along the back
- male weighs 909kg
- female weighs 591 kg
- average milk production is 17kg/day

*Dual Purpose (Milk/Meat)

“Sahiwal
-reddish brown with or without white markings
- the massive hump in male frequently falls to one
side
- the body is heavily symmetrical with a short and
lean neck
- male weighs 540 kg
- female weighs 370 kg
- average milk production is 8kg/day
“Tharparkar
- may be white or gray with a light gray along the
backbone
- the color deepens when pregnant
- male weighs 540 kg
- female weighs 385 kg
F I L I P I N O 22. Nakakainis
>Kasalungat na Kahulugan - nakakatuwa
1. Ibinubulong 23. Tinuturuan
- isinisigaw - minamali
2. Nagliliitan 24. Palayasin
- naglalakihan - pigilan
3. Natalo 25. Hintayin
- nanalo - iwanan
4. Pigilan 26. Madalas
- palayasin - madalang
5. Umalis 27. Suwerte
- pigilan - malas
6. Kakaunti 28. Gusto
- marami - ayaw
7. Sagana sa makakain >Magkatulad na dalawang salita
- malusog 1. Naiinis
8. Mahina - nasusuya
- malakas 2. Nasisiyahan
9. Inayos - naliligayahan
- itinambak 3. Katulad
10. Sariwa - kawangis
- tuyo 4. Gabay
11. Tag-lamig - patnubay
- tag-init 5. Sinasabi
12. Guminhawa - sinasalita
- naghirap 6. Tangkilikin
13. Gumising - suportahan
- nakatulog 7. Daan
14. Mabisa - landas
- walang epekto 8. Gabay
15. Gayahin - patnubay
- ibahin 9. Marami
16. Napili - sagana
- itinapon 10. Malaya
17. Natuwa - independyente
- nagtampo 11. Pagsimba
18. Banyaga - pagsamba
- katutubo 12. Nakatingin
19. Mahirap - nakamasid
- mayaman 13. Pagsasalita
20. Sikat - pagsabi
- laos 14. Kasama
21. Bagalan - karamay
- bilisan 15. Takot
- pangamba
16. Pagmasdan >Kaganapang Pansumo
- tingnan - kapag ang pangalan ay ginamit pagkatapos ng “ay”
17. Sinag sa pangungusap
- liwanag >Panawag
18. Aliw - kapag ang pangalan ay ginamit bilang pantawag sa
- saya pangungusap
>Magkaiba na dalawang salita >Pamuno
1. Pagmamahal - kapag ang pangalan ay nagdaragdag ng tungkol sa
- paghihiganti simuno
2. Lumisan
- patnubay
3. Malayo
- malapit
4. Marami
- kaunti
5. Malaya
- nakakulong
6. Pagsimba
- pagsuway
7. Nakatingin
- nakapikit
8. Pagsasalita
- pananahimik
9. Kasama
- kaaway
10. Takot
- tapang
11. Pagmasdan
- irap
12. Sinag
- dilim
13. Aliw
- lungkot
>Kaganapang Pansimuno
- ito’y makikita sa hulihan ng pangungusap
pagkatapos ng “ay’’
>Paghalip panaklaw
- ito’y ginagamitu sa pagsaklwa ng pangkat o dami
ng tao
>Pinaglalaanan
- ito’y nangangahulugang na inilalaan ang sinasabi
ng pandiwa sa ginamit na panghalip
- simuno o paksa ng pangungusap
A R A L I N G P A N L I P U N A N >Bakit madaling nalusob ng mga Amerikano ang
>Mga Malupit na parusa na ginamit ng mga Maynila at ang mga karatig na lugar?
Amerikano sa mga Pilipino - dahil malakas ang puwersa at ang mga armas ng
1. Water Cure mga Amerikano
- ang mga bihag ay pinaiinom ng galon-galong tubig >Sino si Heneral Marcus Meller, Heneral Martin
at kapag puno na ang tiyan ng mga ito, tatapakan ito Delgado? Nahirapan ba ang mga Amerikano sa
hanggang sila’y magsuka pagsalakay sa Visayas? Bakit?
2. Rope Cure - Si Heneral Marcus Meller ang sumalakay sa Iloilo sa
- tinatalian ang mga biktima sa leeg at baywang. pulo ng Panay sa utos ni Otis at si Heneral Martin
Lalagyan ng kahoy sa pagitan at saka pipilipitin ang Delgado naman ang namumuno sa Iloilo at madaling
kahoy. nasakop ng mga Amerikano ang Visayas dahil sila ay
nakisapi sa mga Negrense kung saan itinaas nila ang
1. Dayuhan bandila ng US.
- banyaga >Ano ang Bates Treaty? Ano-ano ang nilalaman ng
2. Ipaglaban kasunduan?
- ipagtanggol - ito ay ang kasunduang namamagitan sa mga
3. Imbestigasyon Amerikano at Muslim sa Mindanao at Sulu kung saan
- pagsusuri sinasaad rito ang walang tangkang sakupin ng mga
4. Puwersa Amerikano ang Muslim at pagkilala ng sultanato sa
- lakas soberanya ng US sa buong kapuluan ng Sulu at pati
5. Tinugis narin ang mga Amerikano ay babayaran ang pinuno
- hinabol ng mga Muslim at hindi pakikialaman ang mga
6. Soberanya gawaing panrelihiyon at hindi parurusahan ang
- kalayaan sinoman.
7. Malupit >Paano ipinamalas ng mga Amerikano ang kanilang
- mabagsik kalupitan sa Pilipinas?
8. Himagsikan - higit nilang isinagawa ang pagmamalupit sa mga
- rebolusyon Pilipino tulad ng Water cure at Rope cure
9. Bihag >Paano rin naging malupit ang mga kawal na
- gerilya Pilipino sa mga biktimang Amerikano?
10. Winasak - pinarusahan nila ang mga ito sa pamamagitan ng
- sinira pagtapyas ng ilong at tainga, paglalagay ng asin sa
sugat, paninipa, pananampal at pagdura sa mga ito.
>Bakit sinisikap ng mga Amerikano na mahuli si >Ano ang naganap sa Pilipinas matapos mahuli si
Emilio Aguinaldo sa simula ng labanan? Emilio Aguinaldo? Nawalan ba ng loob ang mga
- dahil iniisip ng mga Amerikano na ang pagdakip manghihimagsik? Patunayan.
kay Emilio ay nangunguhulugan ng pagtatatapos ng - nagpatuloy si Miguel Malvar sa paglaban sa mga
labanan. Amerikano at siyay gumamit ng mga taktika ng mga
>Ano ang naganap sa kanto ng Kalye Sociego at gerilya pati narin si Macario Sakay na ang
Kalye Silencio sa Sta. Mesa, Maynila noong Pebrero 4, nagpapatatag ng Reoublika ng Katagalugan at siyay
1899? sinumportahan ng mga taong bayan
- binaril ni Private William W. Grayson ang dalawang
naglalakad na kawal na Pilipino at ito ang naging
upang matuklasan na may plano ang mga Amerikano
na sakupin ang Pilipinas
1. Ang naganap na barilan noong Pebrero 4, 1899 sa 5. Antonio Luna
kanto ng Kalye Sociego at Kalye Silencio sa Santa - heneral na nagtatag ng Republika ng katagalugan
Mesa, Maynila ang naging mitsa ng pagsiklab ng 6. Jamalul Kiram II
Digmaang Pilipino-Amerikano - ang sultan ng Sulu na lumagda sa Bates Treaty na
2. Nagtangkang magpaliwanag si Pangulong Emilio kumikilala sa magandang relasyong ng mga
Aguinaldo kay Heneral Elwell Otis na ang naganap na Amerikano at mga Muslim
putukan sa Sta. Mesa, Maynila ay hindi niya 7. Jose Torres Bugallon
kagustuhan. Subalit galit na nagpahayag ito na ang - ang bayani sa naganap na sagupaan sa La Loma sa
sinimulang labanan ay magpapatuloy hanggang sa pagitan ng mga Pilipino at Amerikano
matapos ito 8. Emilio Aguinaldo
3. Malakas ang puwersa ng mga Amerikano kaya’t - ang pangulo ng Republika ng Pilipinas nang
naging madali ang pagsalakay nila sa maraming sakupin ito ng mga Amerikano
lugar sa kapuluan 9. Martin Delgado
4. Si Heneral Lawton ang nanguna sa pagsalakay sa - ang heneral ng mga kawal na Pilipino sa naganap
hilaga at si Heneral Otis naman ang nanguna sa na labanan sa Iloilo laban sa mga Amerikano
timog na bahagi ng bansa 10. Tomas Mascardo
5. Parating tinutugis ng mga Amerikano si Pangulong - ang kapuwa heneral ni Luna na tumangging
Emilio Aguinaldo. Nang tinugis siya sa Malolos, tumulong rito nang si Luna ay mapasubo sa isang
Bulacan, inilipat niya ang kaital sa San Isidro, Nuva malaking sagupaan laban sa mga Amerikano.
Ecija
6. Sa utos ni Heneral Elwell Otis, sinalakay ni Heneral
Marcus Miller ang Iloilo na isang lalawigan sa Pulo ng
Panay. Matapang na lumaban sa sumalakay sa
sundalong Amerikano ang mga kawal na Pilipino sa
pangunguna ni Datukiram
7. Nilagdaan ang Bates Treaty ni Heneral Bate bilang
kinatawan ng mga Amerikano at ni Heneral Delgado
kasama ang kaniyang mga datu na inatawan ng
Sultano ng Sulu
8. Kulang sa armas ang mga kawal ng Pilipino kaya’t
naging madali ang pagsalakay ng mga Amerikano sa
maraming lugar.

1. William Grayson
- ang nagturo ng lihim na daan tungo sa Pasong
Tirad
2. Miguel Malvar
- ang nagpatuloy ng himagsikan laban sa mga
Amerikano matapos madakip ng mga ito si
Aguinaldo
3. Macario Sakay
- heneral na namatay sa kamay ng mga kawal na
Pilipino
4. Gregorio del Pilar
- Bayani ng Tirad Pass
V A L U E S C O M P U T E R
>1 Timothy 6:18 >Software
- Command them to do good, to be rich in good - a generic term for organized collections of
deeds, and to be generous and willing to share computer data
1. Why did the man ignore the cries of the little girl >Operating System
at first? - a system software that manages computer
- because he thought that it could be just an animal hardware & software resources
2. Why did he decide to find her later on? - a component of the system software in a computer
- when he heard that the cries grew louder he system
thought of the smiling face of his own 4-year old - provides common services for computer programs
daughter, Sarah >Utility Program
3. What could have happened if he had just let other - a specific task related to the management of
people save the girl? Why? computer functions, resources, or files, as password
- there was a possibility that no one will save her own protection, memory management, virus protection,
child until she gets drowned and file compression
4. Have you ever done something without waiting for >Device Driver
someone else to do it or without being told and it - a small piece of software that tells the operating
resulted in something great, important, or life- system & other software how to communicate w/ a
changing? What was it? How did you feel? piece of hardware
- >Application Software or App
- allows you to perform specific tasks
>Desktop Applications
- applications for desktops
>Mobile Apps
- applications for mobile devices
>James 5;12 >Word Processor Software
“Above all, my brothers and sisters, do not swear – - allows you to write a letter, design a flyer
not by heaven or by earth or by anything else. - create many other type of documents
1. What promise did the father want the boy to *Microsoft word
make? Why? - most well-known word processor
- he wanted to buy medicine for because he ran out >Spreadsheet Software
of medicine - a program that ability to calculate values using
2. Did the boy promise his father to buy the medicine mathematical formulas and the data in cells
as soon as possible? *Most known Spreadsheets are;
- he didn’t instead he said that he doesn’t have to - Microsoft Excel
worry about it. - Lotus 1-2-3
3. Why did the boy fail to keep his promise? What >Presentation Software
was the result? - sometimes called “Presentation Graphics”
- he eagerly accepted that invite of his friend to play - a category of application program used to create
baseball and when he got home, his father was very sequences of words and pictures that tell a story
ill. >Web browser software
4. What lesson did you learn from the story? - the tool you use to access the Internet
- Time is gold, do not waste the time when you are *Examples;
able to spend your life with people that are special to - Internet Explorer
you. - Firefox
- Google Chrome M U S I C
- Netscape, Opera and Software >Melody (tune, voice or line)
>Data base software - a linear succession of musical tones that the listener
- used for storing, modifying, extracting and hears
searching for information within a data base >Melodies
*Examples; - melodic motion or the pitches or the intervals
- Microsoft Access between the pitches
- Oracle >Interval
- SQL et.al. - the distance between two pitches
>Kinds of Monitor >Vertical or Harmonic
- LED - if it pertains to simultaneously sounding tones
- LCDs >Scale
>Kinds of keyboard - a set of notes or pitches arranged in ascending or
- wired descending order
- wireless - from the Italian word Scala meaning “Stairs or
- ergonomic Steps”
- multimedia >Diatonic Scales
>Kind of Mouse - scales that include half and whole steps
- optical *Dia means 2 or group and tonic means sound or
- mechanical tones
>Mouse Alternatives >Step
- trackball - a small distance or interval between two notes
- touchpad - can be either be a half step or a whole step
- trackpad >Half Step
- a distance between two notes without a key in
between
>Whole Step
- distance between two notes with a key or a note in
between
>Draw the keyboard of the Piano
A R T P H Y S I C A L E D U C A T I O N
>Shape >Volleyball
- a self- contained defined area of geometric or - played by 2 teams of 6 players in each team
organic form >Service
- positive shape in a painting automatically creates a - the act of putting the ball in play
negative shape >Spike
>Space - hitting a ball in play at net level or above
- an element of art that refers to distances or areas >Toss
around, between or within components of a piece - to receive the ball
- it can be positive (white or light) - to position the ball for a good spike
- or negative (black or dark) >Pass
>Color - to pass the ball to a teammate
- the element of art that is produced when light, >Block
striking an object, is reflected back to the eye - to stop a strong ball coming from the opponents
>Primary colors court
- hues yellow, blue and red >Ball
- hues that in theory can be mixed to make all other - not more that 65-67 cm. in circumference with a
colors weight of not more than 262 grams
>Secondary colors >Draw a service area of volleyball
- by mixing two primary hues together
- hues green, violet, and orange
*Orange
- produced by mixing red and yellow
*Violet
- mixing blue and red
*Green
- from yellow and blue
>Tertiary colors
- known as tertiary or intermediate colors
- made by mixing adjacent primary and secondary
hues
- yellow-green, blue-violet, red-violet, red-orange,
yellow-orange
>Draw Geometric picture
H E A L T H H E L E
>Community Health >Thoughts on setting boundaries in a friendship
- a field of health science that is concerned with how 1. Learn from your past friendships
the environment affects human health 2. Socialize in safe places rather than in malls
>Wastes 3. Go slowly
- things that are not necessary and no longer needed 4. Observe how the person treats others
>Waste Storage 5. Inquire about the person’s family
- should be disposed separately on separate 6. Be honest
containers 7. Respect your own time
>Biodegradable wastes >How to meet new people without creeping them
- wastes that are decomposable out
- should be separated from non-biodegradable 1. Don’t be needy
wastes 2. Stay confident
- should be placed in a tight fitting container to 3. Be positive
avoid unpleasant smell >Common stains and their suggested remedies
>Waste disposal 1. Paint
1. Composting - soak the stained part in kerosene or turpentine
- organic wastes can be used as compost to serve thinner
fertilizer and help provide nutrients to the soil 2. Blood
2. Recycling - soak stained spot in cold water with detergent or
- waste products like paper, metal, glass and plastic rub it off with cotton moistened by hydrogen
can be recycled into new and usable products peroxide or vinegar
3. Proper disposal of hazardous wastes 3. Fruit sap
- dangerous wastes that are produced from mining, - immediately soak in basin of soapy water with a
power generation, the defense industry and medical teaspoon of ammonia
and scientific research should be disposed properly 4. Chewing Gum
>5 examples of Non-biodegradable - harden the gum by applying ice cubes then scrape
- plastics it with a knife
- Styrofoam 5. Mud
- glass - let it dry and rub off the dried stain
- cans 6. Chocolate
- old car ties - soak in cold water and pour boiling water on the
>5 examples of Hazardous wastes stained area
- chemicals 7. Soft drinks
- used batteries - wash immediately with soapy water
- expired medicines 8. Oil
- gas tanks - wash immediately with warm soapy water
- pesticides 9. Rust
- wash immediately with salt and calamansi
10. Ink
- wash immediately with soap and vinegar
1. Chef Ophel uses 1.5 kg of garlic daily for cooking
several menus. For how many days can she consume
22.5kg of garlic?

2. Aling Sophia needs P0.25 coins in her store. She

changed her fifty peso bill to 0.25 coins. How many
pieces of 0.25 coins does she have?

3. Mr. Arenas paid P1,022.56 for 22 liters of gasoline.

How much does a liter of gasoline cost?

4. Mrs. Salgado bought 4 tickets to the birthday

concert of a popular artist. She paid P2,242.00 for the
tickets, but her eldest daughter wants to go with
them. How much does Mrs. Salgado need to pay
more?

5. The gymnastics trainer has 31.5 meters of ribbon.

She cut the ribbon into pieces each measuring 1.5
meters. How many pieces of ribbon did she cut?

6. A civic organization solicited 1,155 kilograms of

rice to be distributed equally among the victims of
the typhoon. If each family was given 10.5 kilograms,
how many families received the donation?

7. Michael has a part-time job every Saturday. He

receives P425.50 every time he does the job. How
many Saturdays will take it him to earn P5,106?

8. St. Agatha parochial school paid P25,980.00 for the

120 math books that they purchased from the
publisher. How much is the cost of each book?

9. Elyssa paid P1,870 for the 5.5 kilograms of shrimp.

How much is the cost of a kilogram of shrimp?

10. Mang Arnulfo had 10 hectares of land. He divided

the land equally among his children who each
received 1.25 hectares. How many children does he
have?

11. A meat vendor has 120 kilograms of pork to sell.

If each buyer bought 2.5 kilograms of pork and
nothing was left, how many buyers bought the pork?
E N G L I S H 5. Have you ever seen a beautiful hidden place like
1. Famous the Verdivia falls? Where was it? Briefly narrate your
- known by many people experience in three sentences
2. Resource - I visited the Balite Falls here in Amadeo, Cavite and
- stock or supply of money, materials, staff and it was also a beautiful falls as Verdivia falls. There was
others a lot of trees around the falls. And also there is a
- sets that can be drawn by a person or organization swimming pool near the falls so if you want to make
3. Topography your kids safe, you can use the swimming pool.
- arrangement of natural and artificial physical
features
4. Landforms
- an natural features of earth surface
5. Adventures
- usual and exiting typical hazardous experience
6. Tourist
- person who is travelling a place for pleasures
7. Scenery
- natural features of a landscape considered in terms
of their appearance
8. ASIAN
- relating to Asia or its people customs or languages
9. Ancient
- be longing to the very distant past and no longer
existence
10. Rapid
- happening in a short time or at the past pace
___A Hidden Beauty___ Page 139
1. Why is it interesting to visit San Miguel, Bulacan?
- Because it is a historical place because many
significant events took place here.
2. What should explorers and travelers anticipate if
they are planning go to Verdivia falls?
- it is not a very high falls but it is still amazing
because of the cold water that is truly refreshing
3. What can the government do to preserve places
like the Verdivia falls?
- they should keep it clean and keep on planting
trees around it so that it can maintain the beautiful
sceneries but also the tourists.
4. As a tourist, how can you help preserve these
places?
- I won’t throw a garbage in the water.
M A T H E M A T I C S S C I E N C E
1. Ratio 1. Trachea
- a relationship of 2 numbers indicating how many - found at the bottom part of the larynx
times from the 1st number contains the second 2. Bronchial Tubes
2. Proportion - tubes that are connect the trachea to the lungs
- say that 2 fraction or equal 3. Common colds
3. Comparison - result in the inflammation of the membranes that
- math expression is different from a math equation line up the air passages
4. Inverse 4. Pneumonia
- it means the opposite of effect - characterized by inflammation of the lungs due to
5. Identify bacteria virus or fungal infection
- an equal relation A=B, produce the same value as 5. Bronchitis
each other regardless of what values are substituted - an acute inflammation in the lining of the bronchial
for the variables tubes of the lungs
6. Colon form 6. Tuberchlosis
- used in number of different way in mathematics - a highly infection disease of the lungs due to a
7. Coefficient bacteria called tubercle bacillus
- a number used to multiply a variables 7. Asthma
8. Equations - a disorder of the respiratory system characterized
- statement that the values of 2 mathematical by wheezing and difficulty in breathing
expression are equal 8. Emphysema
9. Value - a disorder in w/c the lungs lose their power to
- a result of a calculation deflate and become distended with air
9. Lung Cancer
- considered the most common cancer in the world
10. Skin
- the biggest organ in the body
11. Epidermis
- the outmost layer of the skin
- made up of a flat and dead cells
12. Melanin
- the pigment that determines the skin color of a
person
13. Dermis
- next layer of the skin
- it is located at this part are alive and have the ability
to multiply
14. Sebum
- the oil produced by the oil glands
- acts as a natural moisturizers of the skin
15. Sweat Glands & Oil Glands
- are the glands found on the skin
*Sweat Glands
- helps in regulating body temperature and remove
excess water and salts
*Oil Gland
- provides natural moisturizer to the skin
>Common Ailments and Disorders of the Circulatory
System
1. Cardiovascular diseases
- are the most common causes of death
2. Hypertension
- a sudden rise in blood pressure when the heart
pumps harder
- the heart is forced to pump harder because the
arteries become narrow due to the presence of fatty
substances
*Common causes
- obesity, smoking, eating salt food, lack of exercise
and emotional stress
*Symptoms
- fatigue, dizziness and palpitations of the heart
3. Atherosclerosis
- a disease of the circulatory system caused by the
build-up of plaque inside the arteries
- compose of cell debris, cholesterol
- can lead to serious problems like heart attack and
stroke
4. Coronary heart disease
- the narrowing of the small blood vessels that
supply blood and oxygen to the heart
- also called coronary artery disease
- if it gets serious, the person may experience chest
pain
5. Rheumatic heart disease
- results from rheumatic fever as a complication of
untreated strep throat caused by a group A-
streptococcus bacteria
- it weakens the heart due to the inflammation of its
inner lining or the failure of a heart valve to close
6. Stroke
- an ailment caused by clotting of the blood that
blocks the arteries leading to the brain
- it may lead to paralysis or even death
7. Anemia
- an illness due to the decrease of hemoglobin in the
red blood cells or iron and vitamin B12 deficiencies in
the blood
*Iron
- combines w/ oxygen to give the blood its red color
*Symptoms
- fatigue, rapid pulse, shortness of breath,
palpitations of the heart, paleness and general
weakness
>Ways on how to be kind to your circulatory system
1. Eat a balanced diet, which is made up of different
types of nutrients that the body needs, and drink at
least eight glasses of water a day
2. Avoid fatty and salty foods. Fatty food contains
cholesterol that cause clogging of the arteries and
salty food may also cause high blood pressure
3. Avoid smoking and drinking beverages that can
harm your heart, lungs, blood vessels, and other
parts of the body
4. Exercise regularly to have a healthy body and to
improve blood circulation
5. Get enough rest and sleep to lessen stress
6. Consult the doctor at once if you feel any
discomfort or pain in your body for proper treatment
and to avoid further complications
>Proverbs 4:23
“Keep your heart with all diligence…for out of it
springs the issues of life.”
>HEART
H – Habits
E – Emotions
A – Attitudes
R – Remarks or Words that you utter
T – Thoughts
F I L I P I N O MEMORIZE THIS!!!!!!
1. Pang-uri Sama-Sama, Tulong-tulong, Kapit-bisig
- naglalarawan ng isang tao, bagay, pook, o ni Pat V. Villafuerte
pangyayari Pilipinas ang pangalan nitong baying sinilangan,
>Apat na anyo ng pang-uri Kinakalkihan, nagbigay ng biyayang inaasam;
1. Payak Kasama ko sa layunin, kadalangin sa Maykapal,
- binubuo ito ng salitang-ugat na naglalarawan Kabakilat sa pangarap, ssa tungkuling at tagumpay
2. Panlapi Kung ang baya’y nagugulo’t waring nasa panganib,
- binubuo ng mga panlapi at salitang-ugat na Kami’y handa sa pagtulong nang ang gulo’y di
naglalarawan sumapit
3. Inuulit Sama-sama, tulong-tulong, lahat kami’y kapit-bisig,
- ito ay inuulit at ginagamitan ng pang-akop na ‘’na’’ Sa paglaya nitong bayan, buhay naming ay kapalit
4. Tambalan
- binubuo ng dalawang salitang naglalarawan
>Iba’t ibang uri ng pangungusap na ginamit sa
usapan
1. Pasalaysay
- kung nagkukuwento sa pamamagitan ng
pagbibigay ng impormasyon
(ex.) Masayang nagkakasundo ang magkakapatid
(ex.) Mahilig sa sining ang magkakapatid
2. Patanong
- kung may himig pagtatanong
(ex.) Matutuloy ba ang konsiterto sa LPU?
(ex.) Manonood k aba ng programa o hindi?
3. Padamdam
- kung nagsasaad ng matinding damdamin
(ex.) Aba, nandito ka pala
(ex.) Aray, nayapakan mo ako!
4. Pautos
- kung ang himig ay pag-uutos
(ex.) Hiramin mo ang kanyang bandurya
(ex.) Pumunta ka sa Baybayin, Rosario, Batangas
5. Sukat
- bilang ng mga pantig sa loob ng isang taludtod
V A L U E S A R A L I N G P A N L I P U N A N
1. Truth 1. Benevolent Assimilation
- quality or state of being true - mapagkawang gawang asimilasyon
2. Criticism 2. Pamahalaang Militar
- expression of disapproval of someone or something - layunin ng pamahalaang ito ang sugpuin ang mga
based in literature or speech pakikibakang Pilipino kaban sa mga Amerikano
3. Humor 3. Heneral Wesley
- quality of being amusing or comic, especially as - siya ang namuno bilang gobernador-militar
expressed in literature of speech 4. Sedition Law
4. Ability - itinatag noong 1901 upang parusahan ang
- possession of the means or skill to do something sinumang mangangampanya para sa kalayaan
5. Echoes 5. Reconcentration Act
- a sound or series of sounds caused by the reflection - ito ay nagdalayong palipatin ng tirahan ang mga
of sound waves from a surface back to the listener tao mula sa mga lugar kung saan aktibo ang mga
6. Kind gerilya papunta sa mmga lugar na kontrolado ng
- a group of people or things having similar mga Amerikano
characteristics 6. Ladrones
7. Praise - mula sa salitang espanyol na lardon na
- express warm approval or admiration for someone ngangahulugang magnanakaw
or something - ito ay nagbabawal sa pagwagayway ng bandilang
8. Wound pilipinas
- inflicted a wound injured 7. Colonial Mentality
9. Friend - ang kaisipan na mas matibay at maganda ang
- a person whom one knows and with whom on has produkto ng ibang bansa kaysa satin
bond of mutual affection 8. Bungalo
10. Forgive - isang bahay na isang palapag lamang at malimit na
- action or process of forgiving or being forgiven may veranda
9. Chalet
- bahay na gawa sa kahoy na may padahilig na
bubong
10. Thomasites
- tawag sa gurong Amerikano na nagtuturo sa mga
Pilipino
>Pagtapatin-tapatin
1. Tydings-McDuffie – Henry Allen Cooper
2. Hare-Hawes Cutting – OsRox Mission
3. Sakdalista – Benigno Ramos
4. Jones Law – William Atkinson Jones
5. Philippines Bill of 1902 – Henry Allen Cooper
6. Partido Komunista – Crisanto Evangelista
>Apat na paaralang itinatag ng mga Amerikano
1. Unibersidad ng Pilipinas noong 1908
2. Centro Escolar de Senoritas
3. Instituto de Mujeres
4. Philippine Wome’s College
>Tatlong relihiyon na pinalaganap ng mga
Amerikano
1. Methodist
2. Baptist
3. Lutheran
>Proses II
1. Si Heneral Douglas MacArthur ang tagapayong
military ng Commonwealth (TAMA)
2. Batay sa Cebuano ang pambansang wikang
inirekomenda ng Surian ng Wikang Pambansa noong
1937 (MALI)
3. Hanggang pitong oras lamang ang legal at
nararapat na oras ng pagtatrabaho ng isang
empleyado sa isang araw, ayon sa isang batas na
pinagtibay ng Pambansang Asamblea (TAMA)
4. Itinakda ng pamahalaang Commonwealth ang
pagkakaroon ng minimum wage (TAMA)
5. Gumamit ng mga puppet ang mga dayuhan upang
makapagmay-ari ng mga kompanya ang mga
dayuhan sa bansa (TAMA)
6. Bumuo ng mga pamayanang agricultural sa
Mindanao upang mahimok ang mga walang lupang
magsasaka na lumipat doon (TAMA)
C O M P U T E R
1. Cyber law
- refers to all the legal and regulatory aspects of
Internet and the World Wide Web (WWW)
- term that encapsulates the legal issues related to
use of the Internet
2. Social Networking/Sharing on the Web
- are taking off in ways we may never have imagines
- fun social aspects come significant questions about
privacy
3. Legal Issues
- what you share on social media is written
documentation that can be traced back to you if
required by law
4. Behavior Tracking
- collects data on your online activity and preferences
5. Geolocation
- uses GPS to share your current location with others
- can also provide criminals with information on your
habits and whereabouts
6. Child Protection
- who are active online face all the same potential
dangers as adults, but they don’t necessarily have the
knowledge or maturity to protect themselves
7. Image and Persona
- damaging and embarrassing information about a
person can be spread quickly, widely, and
permanently
8. Cybercrime
- sharing personal information like your birthday,
address, and place of work
9. Illegal Access
- access to the whole or any part of a computer
system without permission
10. Illegal Interception
- made by technical means without permission of any
non-public transmission of computer data to, from,
or within a computer system including
electromagnetic emissions from a computer system
11. Virus
- a self-replicating program that is designed to infect
a computer by rapidly spreading from one file to
another
12. Pharming 4. Department of Justice (DOJ)
- a technique used to redirect a legitimate website’s >Common LINGO in the Cyber World
traffic to another illegitimate website in order to gain 1. Sockpuppet
access 2. Avatar
13. Phishing 3. Troll
- is mail or instant message scams that are disguised 4. Dooced
to look like official communications from a legitimate 5. Flamewar
website 6. Screen name
14. Malware
- intentionally malicious software or code that is
designed to damage your computer or collect
information
15. Spam
- is unsolicited e-mail or junk mail
- it comes from legitimate companies
- can also be used for scams, phishing and malware
16. Hoax
- an email chain letter that warns of impending
viruses
17. Spyware
- a type of malware that collects information about
users without their knowledge
- to track browsing habits and to create pop-up
advertisements
- sometimes bundled with other software
18. Avatar
- a virtual representation of yourself
- term usually refers to a virtual image
- use to protect your privacy instead of using your
picture
19. Troll
- a person who posts comments just to get a rise out
of people and cause of distraction
20. Flame war
- a heated argument in a social media outlet such as
a web forum, mailing list or chat room
21. Screen name
- sometimes called a user name
- a virtual name that is used to identify users of a
website
>Government Agencies (Report Cybercrime Cases)
1. Philippine National Police (PNP)
2. National Bureau of Investigation (NBI)
3. Cybercrime Investigation and Coordinating Center
(CICC)
M U S I C
]=]\ A R T S
-O9I]9KM . C-major 1. Radial Balance
- a scale using all the white notes of the piano - any type of balance based on a circle with its design
keyboard extending from centers
2. Step Interval 2. Asymmetric balance
- a kind of interval where notes are sounded - an informal balance design has varying elements
simultaneous and spaces on both sides
3. F-major 3. Symmetric balance
- a scale with one flat - a formal balance design equal elements on both
4. Interval sides
- distance between two notes or pitches - it is like a mirror image
5. Vertical 4. Balance
- the linear succession of musical tones that the - it is refers to the way in w/c the elements lines,
listener hear shapes, texture
6. Stop 5. Rhythm
- the first and last note of scale - it is related or organized movement
7. Minor scale 6. Contrast
- derive from its relative major scale - a principle of art that refers the arrangement of
8. Key signature opposite elements
- when a piece use a particular scale 7. Shape
- the combination of sharp and flat - an area that is contained by an implied or visual line
9. C-major key 8. Digital painting
- has no sharp and no flat and plays all the white key - an emerging art form in w/c traditional painting
of the keyboard techniques such as water color, oils etc. are applied
10. Major scale 9. Graphic design
- composed of series of eight notes - the art of combining text and pictures in
11. Draw the A minor scale advertisements
12. Draw the D minor scale
P H Y S I C A L E D U C A T I O N H E A L T H
1. Volleyball 1. Community Health
- played by 2 teams of players in each team - should be managed to keep the community
2. William C. Morgan 2. Biodegradable
- he discovered the game volleyball - plastic bags from groceries can be used as garbage
3. Japan container
- in this place, it was first held the Olympic game 3. Waste storage
volleyball in 1964 - waste should be disposed separately on the
4. Ball separate container
- it has a site of not more than 65-67 cm in 4. Composting
circumference with a weight of not more than - organic wastes can be used as compost to serve
262grams. fertilizer and help provide nutrients to the soil
5. Service 5. Recycling
- it is the 1st act of putting the ball in play - waste product like paper, metal glass and plastic
6. Spike can be recycled
- hitting the ball in play at net level or above so that 6. Hazardous wastes
it is driven downward over the net - dangerous wastes that are produced from mining,
7. Toss power waste generation
- it is to receive the ball and to position the ball - the defense industry and medical scientific research
8. should be disposed properly
- it is to stop a strong ball coming from the 7. Biodegradable wastes
opponent court - should be separate from non-biodegradable
9. Pass
- to pass the ball to a team mates
10. 1895
- in this year, the girls first started to played volleyball
H E L E
>Key qualities of family living
1. Cooperation
- achieved when family members share both the
work and fun
2. Communication
- keeping the lines of communication open for
everyone will make the family aware of one’s likes
and dislikes
3. Trust
- ability to make people believe in him/her can
become his/her most valued quality as he/she
becomes an adult
4. Responsibility
- accepting one’s responsibilities is a manifestation of
maturity
5. Consideration and Respect
- always think of others feelings and rights
6. Loyalty
- believing on others, being faithful to someone, and
standing for a family member who is in trouble
7. Caring
- felt in the family by showing concern to what is
happening to a family member
8. Concern
- manifested by demonstrating care and giving
importance to family members and others
9. Commitment
- accepting everyone as he/she is not only in good
times but also during periods of hardship
10. Companionship
- shown where everyone finds time to be with each
other especially during important occasions
>Desirable Filipino Family Values
1. Faith in God (Paniniwala sa Diyos)
- praying together before and after meals, family
devotion at night, and bible study show Filipino’s
belief in God
2. Respect for Parents and Elders (Paggalang)
- giving deep respect for a person
- using po, opo or even ho, when talking to elder
3. Strong Family Ties (Pagpapahalaga sa Pamilya
- no other person in the world give so much
importance to their families as much as the Filipinos
do
4. Sense of Gratitude (Utang na Loob)
- a system of obligation
>Development of Babies at Various Stage
1. Newborn
- has remarkable reflexes
- his/her head tends to wobble because the muscles
in the neck are not yet fully-developed
- he/she cannot balance his/her head yet
- crying is the only kind of expression
- gentle touching and rocking will quiet him/her
down
2. One Month
- lifts head for short periods of time
- moves head from side to side
- prefers the human face to other shapes
- makes jerky, arm movements
- brings hands to face
- has strong reflex movements
- can focus on item 8 to 12 inches away
- responds to loud sounds
- blinks at bright lights
3. Two months
- smiles
- tracks objects with his/her eyes
- makes noises other than crying
- may repeat vowel noises, such as ‘’ah’’ or ‘’ooh’’
4. Three months
- raises head and chest when put on tummy
- lifts head up 45 degrees
- kicks and straightens legs when on back
- opens and shut hands
- pushes down with legs when placed on a hard
surface
- begins to develop social smile
- brings both hands together
5. Four months
- may sleep about 6 hours at night before waking up
- rolls over
- sits with support
- lifts head up 90 degrees
- can follow a moving object for a 180-degree arc
- responds to all colors and shads
- communicates pain, fear, loneliness and discomfort
through crying
- responds to a rattle or bell
>Basic Needs of Child
1. Social
- should be given a chance to play and mingle with
other children
2. Emotional
- should let child feel that he is love, supported and
accepted by his parents and other members in the
family
3. Moral
- should set the right examples
- should be very careful in your words and actions so
as not to confuse the child on practices that should
be observed
>Article 46 of the Philippine Constitution gives the
general duties of parents toward children
1. To give them affection, companionship, and
understanding
2. To extend to them the benefits of moral guidance,
self-discipline, and religious institution
3. To supervise his/her activities, including his/her
recreation