List of National Waterways in India

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

There are 111 designated National Waterways in India identified for the purposes of inland water
transport.[1]

OSM Length
Name River States
relation of NW

NW1 Allahabad-Haldia stretch of the Ganga—Bhagirathi-Hooghly Rivers 1,620 km

NW2 Sadiya-Dhubri Stretch of Brahmaputra River 891 km

Kollam-Kozhikode Stretch of West Coast Canal and Champakara

NW3 205 km
and Udyogmandal Canals
 Kakinada-Puducherry Stretch of Canals and the Kaluvelly Tank,
Nashik-Bhadrachalam-Rajahmundry Stretch of River Godavari and
NW4 1078 km
Bridge near village Galagali-Wazirabad-Vijayawada Stretch of
River Krishna

Talcher-Dhamra Stretch of Brahmani-Kharsua-Tantighai-Pandua

Nala-Dudhei Nala-Kani Dhamra-river system, Geonkhali-Charbatia
NW5 588 km
Stretch of East Coast Canal,harbatia-Dhamra Stretch of Matai River
and Mahanadi Delta Rivers

NW6 Aai River

NW7 Ajoy River

NW8 Alappuzha-Changanassery Canal

NW9 Alappuzha-Kottayam Athirampuzha Canal

NW10 Amba River

NW11 Arunawati Aran River System

NW12 Asi River

NW13 AVM Canal

NW14 Baitarni River

NW15 Bakreswar Mayurakshi River System

NW16 Barak River 121 km

NW17 Beas River

NW18 Beki River

NW19 Betwa River

NW20 Bhavani River

NW21 Bheema River

Birupa Badi Genguti Brahmani River

NW22
System

NW23 Budha Balanga River

NW24 Chambal River
NW25 Chapora River
NW26 Chenab River
NW27 Cumberjua River
NW28 Dabhol Creek Vashishti River
NW29 Damodar River
NW30 Dehing River
NW31 Dhansiri/Chathe River
NW32 Dikhu River
NW33 Doyans River
NW34 DVC Canal
NW35 Dwarakeswar River
NW36 Dwarka River
NW37 Gandak River
NW38 Gangadhar River
NW39 Ganol River
NW40 Ghaghra River
NW41 Ghataprabha River
NW42 Gomti River
NW43 Gurupur River
NW44 Ichamati River
NW45 Indira Gandhi Canal
NW46 Indus River
NW47 Jalangi River
NW48 Jawai-Luni Rivers and Rann of Kutch
NW49 Jhelum River
NW50 Jinjiram River
NW51 Kabini River
NW52 Kali River
Kalyan-Thane-Mumbai Waterway, Vasai
NW53
Creek and Ulhas River

NW54 Karamnasa River

NW55 Kaveri Kollidam River
NW56 Kherkai River
NW57 Kopili River
NW58 Kosi River
NW59 Kottayam-Vaikom Canal
NW60 Kumari River
NW61 Kumari River
NW62 Lohit River
NW63 Luni River
NW64 Mahanadi River
NW65 Mahananda River
NW66 Mahi River
NW67 Malaprabha River
NW68 Mandovir River
NW69 Manimutharu River
NW70 Manjara River
NW71 Mapusa/Moide River
NW72 Nag River
NW73 Narmada River
NW74 Netravathi River
NW75 Palar River
NW76 Panchagangavali (Panchagangoli) River
NW77 Pazhyar River
NW78 Penganga Wardha River System
NW79 Pennar River
NW80 Ponniyar River
NW81 Punpun River
NW82 Puthimari River
NW83 Rajpuri Creek
NW84 Ravi River
NW85 Revadanda Creek Kundalika River System
NW86 Rupnarayan River
NW87 Sabarmati River
NW88 Sal River
NW89 Savitri River (Bankot Creek)
NW90 Sharavati River
NW91 Shastri River Jaigad Creek
NW92 Silabati River
NW93 Simsang River
NW94 Sone River
NW95 Subansiri River
NW96 Subarnrekha River
NW97 Sunderbans Waterways
NW98 Sutlej River
NW99 Tamaraparani River
NW100 Tapi River
NW101 Tizu and Zungki Rivers
NW102 Tlwang (Dhaleswari River)
NW103 Tons River
NW104 Tungabhadra River
NW105 Udayavara River
NW106 Umngot (Dwaki) River
NW107 Vaigai River
NW108 Varuna River
NW109 Wainganga Pranahita River System
NW110 Yamuna River
NW111 Zuari River

Passes in india
Mountain Passes in India
HEIGHT
Name of the Pass Location of the Pass (ft) BETWEEN/SEPERATING

Asirgarh Madhya Pradesh

Auden’s Col Uttarakhand 17,552

Jammu and Kashmir(Jammu,

Banihal Pass Kashmir) 9,291 Jammu & Kashmir

Bara-lacha-la Himachal Pradesh 16,400

Bomdila Arunachal Pradesh

Changla Pass Jammu and Kashmir(Ladakh) 17,585 Leh & Changthang

Chanshal Pass Himachal Pradesh 14,830

Dehra Compass Jammu and Kashmir(Ladakh)

Debsa Pass Himachal Pradesh 17,520

Dongkhala Sikkim 12,000

Dhumdhar Kandi
Pass Uttarakhand

Fotu La Jammu and Kashmir(Ladakh) 13,451

Goecha LA Sikkim 16,207

Haldighati Pass Rajasthan

Indrahar Pass Himachal Pradesh 14,473

Jelep La Sikkim 14,300

Khardung La Jammu and Kashmir(Ladakh) 17,582 Leh & Nubra

Kongka Pass Jammu and Kashmir(Ladakh) 16,965 Ladakh & Aksai Chin

Lanak Pass Jammu and Kashmir(Ladakh) 17,933 Ladakh & Tibet

Himachal Pradesh (Lahaul &

Kunzum Pass Spiti) 14,931 Lahaul & Spiti

Karakoram Pass Jammu and Kashmir(Ladakh) Ladakh & Xinjiang

Lipulekh Pass Uttarakhand 17,500

Lungalacha La Jammu and Kashmir(Ladakh) 16,600

Lamkhaga Pass Himachal Pradesh 17,336

Marsimik La Jammu and Kashmir(Ladakh) 18,314

Mayali Pass Uttarakhand 16,371

Nama Pass Uttarakhand 18,399

Namika La Jammu and Kashmir(Ladakh) 12,139

Nathu La Sikkim 14,410 Sikkim & Tibet

Palakkad Gap Kerela 750 Kerela & Tamil Nadu

Thamarassery
Pass Wayanad Kerela 1,700 Malabar & Mysore

Shenkottai Pass Kollam Kerela 690 Travancore & Tamil Nadu

Pensi La Jammu and Kashmir(Ladakh)

Rezang La Jammu and Kashmir(Ladakh)

Rohtang Pass Himachal Pradesh 13,051 Manali & Lahaul

Sasser La Jammu and Kashmir(Ladakh) 17,753 Nubra & Siachen Glacier

Sela Pass Arunachal Pradesh 14,000

Shipki La Himachal Pradesh

Jammu and Kashmir(Siachen

Sia La Glacier) 18,337

Shingo La Jammu and Kashmir(Ladakh)

Spangur Gap Jammu and Kashmir(Ladakh)

 Jammu and Kashmir(Siachen
Gyong La Glacier) 18,655

Jammu and Kashmir(Siachen

Bilafond La Glacier) 17,881

Sin La Uttarakhand

Tanglang La Jammu and Kashmir(Ladakh) 17,583

Traill’s Pass Uttarakhand 17,100

Jammu and
Zojila Pass Kashmir(Kashmir, Ladakh) 12,400 Kashmir & Ladakh

OR
Mountain Passes – India & Himalayas

⟪ ⟪ ⟪ Himalayas – Glaciers, Valleys, Snowline

Indo – Gangetic – Brahmaputra Plain ⟫ ⟫ ⟫

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January 17, 2016 By PMF 3 Comments

Table of Contents
 1 Major Passes in India and Indian Sub-continent
 2 Major Passes of the Himalayas
o 2.1 Passes of the Western Himalayas
 2.1.1 Jammu and Kashmir
 2.1.2 Himachal Pradesh
 2.1.3 Uttarakhand
o 2.2 Passes of the Eastern Himalayas
 2.2.1 Sikkim
 2.2.2 Arunachal Pradesh
In this post: Major Passes – India, Himalayas, Indian Sub-continent — Khyber pass, Gomal
pass, Bolan pass, Banihal Pass, Pensi La, Zoji La, Bara Lacha La, Rohtang Pass, Shipki La,
Nathu La, Jelep La, Bom Di La, Dihang Pass, Pal Ghat, Bhor Ghat etc. and Major Passes of the
Himalayas.

Major Passes in India and Indian Sub-

continent
Major Passes of the Himalayas
 Most of the passes remain closed in winter (Nov – Apr) due to heavy snow fall.
Passes of the Western Himalayas

Jammu and Kashmir

SIGNIFICANCE
NAME COMMENTS
(CONNECTS)

Mintaka Pass Kashmir and China  Trijunction of India

Parpik Pass Kashmir and China  East of Mintaka pass on

Khunjerab Pass Kashmir and China  Indo-China border

Ladakh region of India with the Xinjiang (Sinkiang)  5000 m above sea level.
Aghil Pass
Province of China  north of K2 Peak (the hig

 2832 m

Jammu and Srinigar  across the Pir-Panjal Ran

 remains snow covered d

Banihal Pass

 The road from Jammu to Srinagar transversed Banihal Pass until 1956 when J

through the tunnel and the Banihal Pass is no longer used for road transport.
 Another 11 km long tunnel provides railway link between Banihal and Kazigun
  altitude of 5360 m
Chang-La Ladakh with Tibet
 This has a temple dedica

 5602 m

The world’s highest mo

Khardung La near Leh in the Ladakh range

 remains closed in winter

India and China (Akasai-Chin area of Jammu and  this pass provides passag
Lanak La
Kashmir) has been constructed by

provides the shortest and

Pir-Panjal pass across the Pir Panjal range
But this route had to be c

Qara Tag La Indo-China borer across the Karakoram Range  located at an elevation o

Imis La Ladakh region of India and Tibet in China

Pensi La vital link between the Kashmir Valley and Kargil  remains closed to traffic

 The road passing through

important road link between Srinagar on one side
Zoji La  Border Road Organ
and Kargil and Leh on the other side
snow during winter. In sp
December to mid-May
Himachal Pradesh

 Elevation: 4,890 m

 National highway connec

Bara Lacha La Himachal Pradesh and Jammu and Kashmir
through this pass. Being

a transport route.

 elevation of 5270 m abo

Debsa Pass link between Kullu and Spiti districts  It offers a much easier an

Kullu and Spiti

 Elevation: 3979 m

 Border Road Organisatio

Rohtang Pass road link between Kullu, Lahul and Spiti Valleys
area. Rohtang pass is

common because this

 Elevation: 6000 m
Shipki La Himachal Pradesh and Tibet
 Remains closed in winter

Uttarakhand

Lipu Lekh trijunction of Uttarakhand (India), Tibet (China) This pass is used by pilgr
and Nepal borders
  elevation of 5610

Mana Pass Uttarakhand with Tibet  Situated a little north of

 Remains closed in winter

Mangsha Dhura Uttarakhand with Tibet It is used by pilgrims goin

Niti Pass Uttarakhand with Tibet  Remains closed in winter

 situated in the nort

Muling La Uttarakhand and Tibet
 at an elevation of 5669 m

Passes of the Eastern Himalayas

Sikkim

 altitude of 4310 m

 it forms part of an offsh

Nathu La Sikkim with Tibet  an important trade route

 It was closed after the Ch

governments of the two

  altitude of 4538 m

Jelep La Sikkim-Bhutan border  passes through Chumb

 important link between S

Arunachal Pradesh

 altitude of 4331 m

Bom Di La Arunachal Pradesh with Bhutan  Situated at an altitude of

pass connects Arunachal

Dihang Pass Arunachal Pradesh and Myanmar.  elevation of more than 4

Yonggyap Pass Arunachal Pradesh with Tibet

 easy access between Aru

Dipher Pass trijunction of India, China and Myanmar
route between India and

Kumjawng Pass Arunachal Pradesh with Myanmar

Hpungan Pass Arunachal Pradesh with Myanmar

Chankan Pass Arunachal Pradesh with

 Myanmar

List of all the major rivers of

India: Names, Origin and Length



Saturday, 12 December 2015 - 5:27pmARCHANA VENKATRAMAN

Rivers in India do not just play a big role in the agriculture and economy of the country.
They are also culturally important with many considering some rivers such as the Ganges
very holy. All the major rivers of India begin their journeys at one of the three main
watersheds – The Himalaya and Karakoram mountain ranges (Northern India); the
Sahyadri or the Western Ghats (Western India); or the Vindhya and Satpura mountain
ranges (Central India). Most of the major rivers of India end up joining the Bay of Bengal or
the Arabian Sea.
 River Ganga near its origin

Image courtesy: Wikimedia Commons (Atarax42 - Own work)

The Himalaya and Karakoram Glacier Rivers include:

 Ganga (Ganges)
 Brahmaputra
 Indus (Sindhu)

Ganga is the most sacred river of India and is known around the world for its significance of purity in the
Hindu culture. The Ganga and Indus Basin are themselves major river systems featuring 16 important
Indian rivers (10 rivers in Ganga basin and 6 major rivers in the Indus basin).

The Ganga River System includes the following rivers (10 major rivers plus Damodar river
and Hugli river):
Length
Rivers (KM) Origin End
Gangotri Glacier (Bhagirathi),
Ganga 2,525 Uttarakhand Bay of Bengal

Merges with Ganga at Allahabad

Yamuna 1,376 Yamunotri Glacier, Uttarakhand (Triveni Sangam - Kumbh Mela spot
 Himalayan Glacier in Tibet, but enters Merges with Ganga and ends in Bay of
Brahmaputra 1,800 India in Arunachal Pradesh Bengal

Tributary of Yamuna river, starting at

Chambal 960 Madhya Pradesh Joins Yamuna river in UP

Tributary of Ganga, starting at Joins Ganga just above Patna - also

Son 784 Amarkantak, Madhya Pradesh considered part of Vindhya river system

Nepal; Ganges tributary at Indo-Nepal

Gandak 630 border (Triveni Sangam) Joins Ganga near Patna

Joins Ganga near Katihar district of

Kosi 720 Starts from Bihar near Indo-Nepal border Bihar

Tributary of Yamuna, rises at Vindhya

Betwa 590 region, MP Joins Yamuna at Hamirpur in UP

Tributary of Ganga, starting at Gomat

Gomti 900 Taal, UP Joins Ganga in Varanasi district

Himalayan Glacier in tibet, tributary of

Ghaghra 1080 Ganga Joins Ganga in Bihar

Hugli (Hooghly) 260 Tributary of Ganga near West Bengal Merges with Ganga at Bay of Bengal

Tributary of Hugli near Chandwar,

Damodar 592 Jharkhand Merges with Hugli in West Bengal

Although Hugli and Damodar rivers play a very important role in shaping the local civilisation and local
economy, they are not considered as the most important rivers of the Ganga river river system.

The Indus River System includes the following 6 major rivers:

Length
Rivers (KM) Origin End
Originates in Tibetan plateau, Enters
Indus 3180 India in J&K Merges into Arabina sea near Sindh

Chenab 960 Merges with Indus

Upper Himalayas in the Spiti district of
 Himachal Pradesh

Merges with Chenab at Jhang

Jhelum 725 Tributary of Chenub river, Punjab (Pakistan)

Starts from Bara Bhangal, Kangra

Ravi 720 district, Himachal Pradesh Joins Chenab in Pakistan

Tributary of Indus river, originates at Meets Beas river in Pakistan and ends
Sutlej 1500 Rakshastal, Tibet at Arabian sea

Rises at Himalayas in central Himachal

Beas 470 Pradesh Joins Sutlej river in Punjab, India

Western Ghats Rivers:

Length
Rivers (KM) Origin End

Kaveri 765 Talakaveri in Western Ghats in Karnataka Ends in Bay of Bengal

Originates in the Western Ghats near Ends in Bay of Bengal near Andhra
Krishna 1400 Mahabaleshwar in Maharashtra Pradesh

Starts in Maharashtra and passes

Godavari 1465 through 7 Indian states Empties in Bay of Bengal

Tributary of Krishna river staring at Joins Krishna river along the border of
Tungabhadra 531 Karnataka Telangana and Andhra Pradesh

Vindhya and Satpura Ranges rivers:

Length
Rivers (KM) Origin End
Rises in Eastern Satpura Ranges, Madhya
Tapti 724 Pradesh Empties into Gulf of Khambat, Gujarat

Mahi 580 Rises in Madhya Pradesh Flows into Arabian sea from Gujarat

Narmada 1315
Starts from Amarkantak, Madhya Drains into Arabian sea via Gulf of
 Pradesh Cambay

Other Important notes on Indian rivers to remember:

 River Saraswati is a mythical river and is part of the Hindu triveni Sangam mythology of the confluence of
Ganga, Yamuna and Saraswati rivers. Saraswati river is thought to be flowing under the ground and
meeting Ganga and Yamuna at the Kumbh mela spot.
 Meghna a major river in Bangladesh is a tributary if Indian Brahmaptura river and also empties in Bay of
Bengal.
 River Tapi is a river in Thailand and is not to be confused with Indian river Tapti (Tapati)

Database on Coastal States of India

Coastal data
Length of coastline 7516.6 km
Mainland: 5422.6 km
Island Territories: 2094 km
Total Land Area 3,287,263 km²
Area of continental shelf 372,424 km²
Territorial sea (up to 12 193,834 km²
nautical miles)
Exclusive Economic Zone 2.02 x106 million km²
Maritime States and UT
Number of coastal States and
Nine states
Union Territories 1. Gujarat
2. Maharashtra
3. Goa
4. Karnataka
5. Kerala
6. Tamil Nadu
7. Andhra Pradesh
8. Odisha
9. West Bengal
Two Union Territories
1. Daman & Diu
2. Puducherry
Island Territories 1. Andaman & Nicobar Islands (Bay of Bengal)
2. Lakshadeweep Islands (Arabian Sea)
Total number of coastal 69 coastal districts in mainland India; 3 in Andaman &
districts Nicobar and 1 in Lakshadweep
Coastal Geomorphology (Mainland)
Sandy Beach 43 %
Rocky Coast 11%
Muddy Flats 36%
Marshy Coast 10%
Coastline affected by erosion 1624.435 km mainland
132 (islands) (CPDAC)
Population
Total Population of India 1.28 billion (Census 2014, Source:
www.indiaonlinepages.com)
Population of Coastal States 560 million
and Union Territories
Population of Island 0.44 million
Territories
Total Population of coastal 171 million
districts
Percentage of population in 14.2 %
coastal districts of India
Coastal Ecosystems
Coastal wetlands 43230 km²
Major estuaries 97
Major Lagoons 34
Mangrove Areas 31
Area under mangroves 6740 km² (57% East coast,23% west coast, 20%
Andaman &Nicobar Islands)
Coral Reef Areas 5
Marine Protected Areas 31
Area Covered by MPA 6271.2 km²
Coastal Biodiversity
Marine Algae 217 genera 844 species
Seagrasses 6 genera 14 species
Mangroves 25 families, 43 genera, 39 species
Associated flora: 420
Associated fauna: 1862
Crustaceans 2934 species
Molluscs 3370 speceis
Echinoderms 765 species
Hard Corals 218 species
Fishes 2546 species
Reptiles 5 sea turtle species
26 sea snake species
Marine Mammals 25 reported from Indian waters
3 species of cetaceans: Irrawaddy dolphin, Ganges
River Dolphin and Sperm whale; Dugong listed in
Schedule I of Wildlife Act 1972
Marine Fisheries (Source: CMFRI)
Number of Marine Fishing 3288 (CMFRI Census 2010)
Villages
Fishermen Population about 4 million comprising in 864,550 families
Number of Fishing Harbours Major fishing harbours: 6
Minor fishing harbours: 40
Number of Fish Landing 1511 (CMFRI Census 2010)
Centres
Estimated marine Fish 3820207 tonnes (2011)
Landing
Fishing craft 194,490 crafts
mechanized: 37%
motorized: 37%
non-motorized: 26%
Ports and Harbours (Source: Indian Ports Association)
Major Ports 13
State wise number of ports Gujarat: 40
Maharashtra: 53
Goa: 5
Daman & Diu: 2
Karnataka: 10
Kerala: 13
Lakshadweep Islands: 10
Tamil Nadu: 15
Puducherry: 1
Andhra Pradesh: 12
Odisha: 2
West Bengal: 1
Andaman & Nicobar Islands: 23