Tender Dossier

For

DRILLING OF TUBEWELLS FOR DRINKING

WATER & INSTALLATION OF PUMPING
SYSTEMS

Publication reference:
Technical Specifications of tubewell Works

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Table des matières

A. Technical specifications and procedures for drilling and equipping of tubewells for water facilitiy
programme .................................................................................................................................................. 3
A.1. Nature of contract ....................................................................................................................... 3
A.2. Implementing partner’s drilling equipment ................................................................................ 4
A.3. Site selection ............................................................................................................................... 4
A.4. Tubewell construction................................................................................................................. 5
A.4.1. Drilling Methods ................................................................................................................. 5
A.4.2. Tubewell Depth................................................................................................................... 5
A.4.3. Tubewell Diameter ............................................................................................................. 6
A.4.4. Screen.................................................................................................................................. 6
A.4.5. Casing Pipe and Sand Trap ................................................................................................. 6
A.4.6. Gravel Packing and Grouting.............................................................................................. 7
A.4.7. Profile of expected tubewell ............................................................................................... 7
A.5. Tubewell development .............................................................................................................. 10
A.6. Pumping and recovery test ........................................................................................................ 10

2
A.7. Water quality testing ................................................................................................................. 10
A.8. Sampling and drill time logs ..................................................................................................... 10
A.9. Chlorination after tubewell completion .................................................................................... 11
A.10. Straightness and verticality test ............................................................................................ 11
A.11. Protection .............................................................................................................................. 11
A.12. Abandonment ........................................................................................................................ 11
A.13. « Lost » (unsuccessful) tubewells ......................................................................................... 12
13.1 Dry tubewells ............................................................................................................................ 12
A.13.1. Uncompleted tubewells..................................................................................................... 12
A.14. Test of acceptability and reports ........................................................................................... 13
A. Technical specifications and
procedures for drilling and
equipping of tubewells for water
facilitiy programme

A.1. Nature of contract

1. The Specifications are for the drilling of 9 deep tubewells equipped with immerged
pumps ; 20 shallow tubewells equipped with hand pumps ; and 3 renovation of
existing deep tube wells.
2. The Implementing partner shall provide all labor, transport, plant, tools, equipment
and materials and appurtenances, and shall perform all Works necessary to
satisfactorily
- locate sites for drilling,
- construct and complete successfully drilled tubewells including
lowering of tubewell assembly with PVC casing and Screen and
end cap,
- gravel pack at appropriate intervals and back fill, close near
surface water table aquifer,
- cleaning and development of tubewells,
- pump test for 3 hours,
- chlorinate tubewell,
- Construct the concrete structure for the tubewell
- install the pumping system (hand pump or immerged pump).
- Proceed to water security approval by an independent
/authorized lab

Please refer to technical drawings, technical specifications, and bills of quantities for
complementary informations.
Please note, that all works, all supplementary materials, linings, accessories, preparation of the
surfaces, fixing elements, any types of joints and any other items in connection with the Works not
referred to or described in the Bill of Quantities but deemed necessary, should be executed
according to the technical card of the material manufacturer and should be carried out in
accordance with the Design Drawings, Specifications and Presentation Materials and should be
included in the price.
A.2. Implementing partner’s drilling equipment
1. The Implementing partner shall specify in the Schedule of Drilling Equipment,
tubewell development and other accessory equipment, its type and capacity that is
to be used to undertake this work. Its capacity shall be sufficient to cope with the
Works as stated in the Contract. It shall at all times be kept in full working order and
good repair.
If the Supervision Firm considers that the drilling equipment or any accessories in
use is unsuitable, the Supervision Firm shall have the right to call upon the
Implementing partner to put such equipment in good order within seven days or
alternatively to remove such plant and replace it with additional plant or equipment
which the Supervision Firm considers necessary to meet the requirements of the
Contract. In the event that this requirement of the Contract is not satisfied, the
Supervision Firm reserves the right to terminate the Contract immediately.
2. No extra payment shall be made for the Implementing partner's change of drilling
equipment, labor or other equipment required to complete the Works specified, nor
for any incidentals thereto, the cost being deemed to be included in the schedule of
rates.

A.3. Site selection

The community will pre-select three (3) sites per village which would be provided to the
implementing partner, stating the order of preference for the sites. The implementing
partner will receive the list of the villages and basic maps from the Supervision Firm
(annex 1: Conclusion sheet). The Implementing partner upon visiting these locations
will determine the road conditions for accessibility of the drilling rig and other heavy
equipment. The Implementing partner will receive from Supervision Firm a list with 2
additional reserve locations by order of priority as replacements for any dry or
unsuccessful tubewells. Any changes or alternative sites must be priorly validated with
the supervision firm.
1. The technical sitting team should ensure that the sites selected for the tubewells
is preferably within the communities and in no more than 500 meters from
where at least 80% of people of that village / community live. The
Supervision Firm will certify the site where this is not possible. The site should
definitely not be in a place that gets flooded in the rainy season and should be
away from the flood plain area of any streams or rivers in the locality. Special
care must be taken to ensure that the sites chosen are at least 50 meters
away from toilet pits or any other sources of pollution such as garbage
pits, sewerage tanks or spills / over flow from pipes, grave yard, stagnant
pools of dirty water or animal pens (see figure in annex 10 for details). If
these specifications are not respected, the supervision firm can refuse to
validate the tubewell.
2. The Implementing partner in a District will technically select all sites, prepare a
Drilling Work Plan and communicate it in writing to the Supervision Firm.
3. Most of the sites selected will consider the rainy season and accessibility to
heavy drilling rigs and support vehicles. If the Implementing partner considers
improvements are required for any reason to enable him carry out the Works
he shall make the improvements at his own expense if the cost involved is not
high and when communities are unwilling to do the works. In the event that by
simple works, the access is still not possible, then the implementing
partner should intimate in writing to the Supervision Firm and replace the
 Location from the reserve list with the written consent of the Supervision
Firm.
4. At least three (3) sites shall be identified by the communities at each locality,
which shall constitute one single sitting payable under this contract. In
case the Implementing partner failed to drill a completed tubewell and moves to
a new location, he shall make at least three (3) sittings for this new location
before claiming payment, as stipulated in the Bills of Quantities. The
implementing partner will not get paid for sitting or any works done for the
uncompleted tubewell.
5. Implementing partner could move to a new location only after two un-successful
tubewells in one location.

A.4. Tubewell construction

A typical tubewell section / well section are shown in annex 10. Basic methods of
drilling are indicated below for following as basic guide, mostly to maintain a few key
dimensional specifications.

A.4.1. Drilling Methods

1. The preferred method of drilling in consolidated compact formations is rotary or
percussion with air and/or foam flush. Boreholes will be drilled 6 1/2 inches drill
bits.
2. In unconsolidated loose, unstable, collapsing formations, rotary with appropriate
drilling stabilizer will be used. In such a case the drilling diameters will be 6 ½
inches. If other chemical fluids or solids are used to arrest collapsing of
formations, the Implementing partner has to use proper tubewell development
methods and tubewell cleaning methods to ensure the tubewell water is safe for
drinking purposes. The Implementing partner will use such fluids or solids with the
agreement of the Supervision Firm. Boreholes will be constructed with PVC
casing, screen and sand trap. Quality of all these materials used should be in
conformity with the drinking water standards. 20 m of slotted screen for STW and
20 up to 40 ftm for DTW will be installed in tubewells. All cost of using proper
drilling fluids and solids is inclusive of the rate per feet quoted. No additional
payments will be made by Supervision Firm.

A.4.2. Tubewell Depth

Tubewells shall be drilled to such depths as to penetrate below the shallow water table
aquifers and tap the first potential deeper aquifer or aquifers in confined/semi-confined
conditions.
The minimum discharge for each tubewells is 0.25 gps to sustain continuous pump
testing for 3 hours to ensure reliable operation of pumps fitted on them. The depth to be
drilled should be, in case of hand pump, minimum twenty feet (20) feet below the main
aquifer to provide proper installation of a hand pump and to provide a sand trap of 10
feet. If the discharge is less than 0.1 gallons/sec., a decision to abandon the tubewell or
continue to drill deeper will be at the discretion of the Implementing partner, validated by
the Supervision Firm field staff. Any drilling beyond 30 feets of the major strike which has
supplied water greater than 0.1 gallon/ sec, Supervision Firm will not pay for that excess
drilling and installation of casings etc.
A.4.3. Tubewell Diameter

1. Tubewells will be drilled with telescopic diameters.

2. The first 20 feet from the surface will have concrete grouting for sanitary
protection. For this the bore hole will be reamed to minimum diameter of 6
inches and concrete grouting placed in the annular space between the casing
and open tubewell wall
3. Tubewell will be drilled with 6 1/2 inches bit. The reaming diameter will be based
on the type of temporary casing the implementing partner will use1.
4. The implementing partner must take into account the depths he has to drill and
lower temporary casing to complete the drilling. This cost must be built in the
quoted unit cost for drilling.
5. The Supervision Firm will not be responsible for any lost of temporary casing
which the implementing partner is unable to pull out or lost due to snapping or
breaking from the completed tubewells.

A.4.4. Screen
1. The Implementing partner will use proprietary; factory-made UPVC slotted
screens, the slot size and screen length depending on the aquifer materials and
aquifer thickness. The Implementing partner will propose a scheme of equipment
to the supervision firm who will take the responsibility of the design of the
tubewell. The implementing partner will then assemble and place screen and
casing at appropriate.
2. Slotted screens should be of ISO standard and have the following specifications:
PVC Class 9/10, drinking water standards, non toxic and in standard lengths of
ten (10) feet in length, diameter of 4 inches, slot width 0.8 mm and not more than
1mm, and open area as percentage of internal surface area 9.26% per linear
meter. Depending on the aquifer, the Implementing partner may choose an
appropriate slot width other than 0.8 mm.

A.4.5. Casing Pipe and Sand Trap

1. Casing pipe should be of ISO standard and have the following specifications: U-
PVC Class 10, drinking water standards, non toxic and in standard lengths of ten
(10) feet in length, diameter of 4 inches wall thickness 5 mm.
2. The tubewells will be fully cased up to bottom of the tubewell. The threads both
male and female are properly cleaned with a brush and cloth before they are
joined. If the pipes used are with bell and socket, these are cleaned using fluids
and cemented with recommended solvent cement by the manufacturers of the
casing pipes and screen. Wait for recommended time for the joint set firmly before
lowering into the tubewell.
3. The Implementing partner will take all necessary precautions during the
transportation and storage of casing pipes from their warehouse to drilling site to
prevent distortions, bending or deformation of the pipe that could result in
eccentricity along the length of the pipe.
4. A maximum of 10 (10) feet length of sand trap will be part of the well design
when tubewells are cased to the bottom. The sand trap will be from PVC casing
pipe with specifications described above ; fitted to the end of last screen and
1
Drill bit sizes greater than those indicated are also acceptable to accommodate the drill bits
which the Implementing partner's rig is equipped with or of which the Implementing partner may
have stocks
 bottom end with an end-cap. The end cap is glued with appropriate solvent
cement or solutions as recommended by the UPVC manufacturer. Note that the
joints sections are properly cleaned with cleaning fluids and recommended time
given for the joint set firmly before lowering into the tubewell.
5. Pipes and screens must be stored on a proper location and should be kept away
from prolonged sunlight exposure.

A.4.6. Gravel Packing and Grouting

1. The annular space between the casing and tubewell wall is filled with filter
packing materials in the screen intervals and back filling materials. The gravel
packing mixture to be used is 1-3 mm. It can be adapted to the ground condition
(observing the cuttings) if necessary
2. Gravel packing is carried out as continuous feed operations done usually by two
people filling uniformly along the circumference of the pipe. It is advisable to add
some water with a pipe so that the gravel flows down. If the gravel gets inside the
temporary casing, the casing is slowly pulled out and gentle well development is
done to allow gravel to settle properly to a height of 10 feet above the top of the
screen interval or the targeted water bearing formation. The gravel will be
installed using the inverse flowing: gravel is poured down during water
injection from the bottom of the borehole.

3. Backfilling and grouting is done when the Minimum acceptable yield of 0.1 gallon/
second is confirmed by development. The tubewell cuttings or clayey soils are
back filled up to 20 feet below the ground surface.
4. The grouting is done with a concrete mix in the ratio of 1:2:3 of cement, sand and
gravel respectively. The gravel size not more than 10-12 mm.

A.4.7. Profile of expected tubewell

Note: These 2 diagrams are indicative, and details should be followed in the
narrative of the technical specification.
 Shallow Tubewell (STW)
Lithological section
Drilling in 6"
and casing in 4" 0
Soil
Cementing 20 ft
Superficial alluvial
40 ft cover

60 ft

water strike
Casing and strainer PVC 4"
Irrawaddy
Gravel 1-3mm formation

Decantation tube (10 ft)

and botton bouchond
 Deep Tubewell (DTW)
Lithological section
0
Soil
Cementing on 20 ft 10 ft
Superficial alluvial
20 ft cover

Irrawaddy
Drilling in 6" formation

Casing in 4"
Miocene
sandstone

Oligocene
clayed sands

Gravel 1-3 mm Eocene

Sandstone

Cambrian and
Precambrian
Decantation tube (10ft) Metamorphic rock
and bottom bouchond 600ft
A.5. Tubewell development
On completion of drilling, the Implementing partner will choose a suitable and
appropriate tubewell development method. The tubewell shall be developed for a
period of one hour in order to obtain a maximum yield of water that is free of
suspended matter. Developing shall be carried out by airlift pumping and surging,
jetting and block surging, or other techniques the implementing partner feels is more
appropriate and efficient to suit the hydro-geological and drilling conditions prevailing
in that tubewell. All tubewells shall be presented for testing free of any bridging or
obstruction to the total depth.

A.6. Pumping and recovery test

1. Pumping test will be for three hours for step draw down test at 0.25, 0.5 and 1
gps. Based on the estimated discharge, the Implementing partner will certify the
tubewell as either "successful" or "lost".
2. The minimum discharge is 0.1 gps. Annex 10 show the formats for recording
pump test data. If the discharge is below 0.1 gps then the tubewell will be
regarded as "Lost".
3. The Implementing partner shall have on the site a 900 V-notch weir, preceded by
a tank with baffles, for the measurement of flows. Small flow (less than 0.25
liters/second) can be measured by timing the filling of a vessel of known volume.
The Implementing partner shall also have on site an operating electric dip meter,
calibrated in centimeters, and with visual/audible indicator of when the water level
is reached.
4. Readings of flow and water level shall be taken at the intervals defined on the
test pumping form. For accurate measurement, an electrical/ sonic water level
indicator with graduated tape for taking water level readings. Recovery readings
shall be taken for a minimum of 1 hour, during which period airlifting or pumping
equipment shall not be removed from the tubewell.

A.7. Water quality testing

The Supervision Firm shall make sampling and quality analysis for arsenic of
water from every bore hole.

A.8. Sampling and drill time logs

Representative samples of the strata intersected shall be collected every three feet
or less depending on the changes of geological formation. For collection, the
Implementing partner shall cease drilling, circulate all cuttings to the surface, resume
drilling and collect the cuttings then brought to the surface. The Implementing partner
shall take every possible precaution to guard against sample contamination due to
poor circulation, tubewell erosion, or caving. Cutting samples shall be bagged,
labelled with tubewell depth at time of collection, and stored in a position where they
will not be contaminated by site conditions or drilling operations. The Implementing
partner shall supply strong, transparent sample bags and labels as required. The
driller in-charge will also record the drill time logs/penetration rate of each rod or at
 every three-meter interval. A sample of Litho logical log with drill time log is shown in
Annex 10

A.9. Chlorination after tubewell completion

Each successful tubewell must be chlorinated following completion. The
Implementing partner will decide on the concentration of chlorine based on the
volume of water in the tubewell.

A.10. Straightness and verticality test

1. All tubewells shall be drilled and cased straight and vertical and all casings and
screens shall be set round, plumb and true to line. Any delays encountered in
running casing and screen considered to be due to poor whole alignment shall be
at the Implementing partner's expense.
2. The Supervision Firm may ask the Implementing partner to perform random tests
for straightness and verticality alignment after completion of the well and before its
acceptance. The Implementing partner shall provide the necessary 12 metre
section of pipe (The plumb), not more than 15 millimeters diameter less than the
inside diameter of the casing. Should the plumb fail to move freely throughout the
length of the casing to the required depth or should the well vary from the vertical
in excess of two-thirds of the smallest inside diameter of part of the tubewell being
tested per 30 meters of depth, the verticality and straightness of the well shall be
corrected by theImplementing partner at his own expense. Should the
Implementing partner fail to correct such faulty straightness or verticality,
the Supervision Firm may refuse to accept the tubewell and no payment for
those Works and materials used.

A.11. Protection
During the contract period, when work is not in progress, the tubewells shall be kept
capped in such a manner as to prevent the entrance of foreign materials. The
Implementing partner shall remove any foreign matter at his own expense. On completion
of each tubewell, the Implementing partner shall supply and fit an approved permanent
lock-up cap. Casing shall terminate not less than 0.5 meters above ground level and are
fitted with the approved lock-up cap.

A.12. Abandonment

The Supervision Firm shall have the right at any time during the progress of the Works to
order the abandonment of the tubewell. The Implementing partner shall thereupon
remove the drilling rig, withdraw any casing and screen and salvage all such materials as
the Supervision Firm shall direct, and shall fill and leave the tubewell to the satisfaction of
the Supervision Firm. In such case all works done and materials used will be paid by
Supervision Firm.
A.13. « Lost » (unsuccessful) tubewells

"Lost" tubewells are either "dry" tubewells or "uncompleted" tubewells.

13.1 Dry tubewells

Dry tubewells are defined as:

 A tubewell having no water bearing zones/aquifers.
 A Tubewell that has insufficient discharge (less than 0.025 gallons/second) for 6
hours of continuous pumping test.
 Hand pump facility is unable to provide discharge of 0.025 gallons per second.
The hand pump installed on such tubewell is unable to sustain continuous use by
the communities through out the day.
This situation may arise with time within the maintenance period because of one
or more constructional defects such as ruptured / cracked casing, sections of
tubewells collapsed, heavy silting closing the screen, screen chocked; lowering
the discharge, or poor sitting of tubewell with no potential sustainable aquifers,
drilling up to insufficient depths to tap potential sustainable aquifer. In the above
case the Implementing partner shall either improve the discharge by appropriate
well development methods or if the dynamic water level is less than 40m, lower
the pump inlet with additional riser pipes and connecting rods. In the case of any
remedial works not being effective the Implementing partner shall drill a new
tubewell at an alternative site mutually agreed with the Water Point Committee
and the Implementing partner. If, after investigations, the Implementing partner
feels that there are no possibilities of drilling a successful tubewell in the
village/ community, then the Implementing partner can move to a new location.
This should, however, be after two failed attempts to drill the tubewell in the
same location. If the implementing partner is unable to remove the defects,
abandoned due to any other reason then the tubewell is classified as “Dry” and
implementing partner has to refund the payment made by the Supervision
Firm for that tubewell.

A.13.1. Uncompleted tubewells

If for any technical reasons the implementing partner is unable to continue drilling and
complete the construction of tubewell, then this tubewell is deemed to be an
“uncompleted “tubewell. This may be because of: accident to the drilling rig, difficult
drilling conditions or formations unsuitable for the drilling method or rig type used; heavy
loss of air pressure or drilling fluids; loss of drilling bit or part of drill stem.

In case of ‘"uncompleted" tubewells, no payment shall be made for that tubewell either
for drilling or materials that cannot be salvaged and the rig's unproductive time spent. If
the Implementing partner chooses to deviate from standard procedure and the agreed
method of drilling, and wishes to adopt any other procedure or techniques that involves
any additional cost and time required it will be done so entirely at the Implementing
partner's own risk and cost.
A.14. Test of acceptability and reports

1. Subject to meeting the requirements of the maintenance period, the tubewell

shall be accepted for payment on presentation of the following reports at
schedules shown in the table below and sample of the formats given in the
annexes:

NAME DESCRIPTION FREQUENCY

1. Pre-execution This report indicate all data about the work At least one week
report (could be per to implement (location, drawings, the rig before site
site) tools to be used intervention

6. Certificate of This certificate of Completion will comprise: At least 2 weeks

Completion of after drilling
- Strata log activities
drilling activities
- Pumping tests interpretation results
completion
- Construction log showing casing and all
installation for the tubewell
- Result of the quality analysis

7. Certificate of This certificate of Completion will comprise: At least 2 weeks

Completion of civil after civil work
work and - Drawings of the constructions and
completed
electromechanic electromechanic
- All documents on the material installed
activities activities
completion

All reports can be delivered on electronic copy.