OPHTHALMOLOGY

1. Embryology of the eye

2. Anatomy of the eye proper
3. Orbit and accessory visual apparatus
4. Cranial nerves II, III, IV, V, VI and VII
5. Optics and Refractive errors
6. Infection of the lid and orbits
7. Benign and malignant tumours and lid
8. Lacrimal system and its diseases
9. Lacrimal tumours
10. Diseases of the conjunctiva and cornea
Allergic Conjunctivitis
Bacterial Conjunctival
Viral Conjunctivitis
Fungal Conjunctivitis
Keratitis
Ocular surface growths (Pterygium, pinguaculum & SCC)
Ocular tumours
11. Diseases of uvea and retina
Retinoblastoma
Uveitis
Retinal detachment
Degenerative retinal diseases
12. Ocular injuries/trauma/emergencies
Chemical burns, glue
Physical injuries/trauma (Blunt, Penetrating & Perforating)
13. Glaucoma
Definition and introduction to glaucoma
IOP, CDR & VFT
Types, clinical features and management
14. Strabismus
Definition and introduction to strabismus
Causes in children and management
Causes in adults and management
15. Tropical eye diseases
Trachoma
Hansen’s & Koch’s disease
Onchocerciasis
Vitamin A deficiency and Measles
16. Ocular manifestation of systemic diseases I
Diabetic eye disease
Thyroid eye disease
17. Ocular manifestation of systemic diseases II
Hypertensive eye disease
Sickle cell disease
Metastatic disease to the orbit and eye
OPHTHALMIC EXAMINATION

1. Ophthalmic history and examination

Orbits, lids and lacrimal system
Anterior Segment
Posterior Segment
2. Scope of ophthalmology
3. Personnel rendering eye care service and their training
4. Vision 2020: The right to sight
5. Visual function test (Visual Acuity and the basis of Snellen type test, Peripheral visual function
test - VFT and Colour vision test)
6. Ocular pharmacology (Methods of delivery of drug to the Eye and Drugs acting on the
autonomic nervous system and uses in ophthalmology)
7. Pupillary reactions (direct, consensual) and pathways
8. Swinging flush light test (RAPD)
9. Cranial nerves (I, III, IV, V, VI, VII) and pathways
10. Corneal light reflex test (ocular alignment test)
11. Red reflex test (ocular media clarity test)
12. Hyphema
ANAESTHESIA
1. Introduction to anaesthesia
2. Pre-operative assessment
3. Intravenous Anaesthetics
4. Inhalational anaesthetics
5. Muscle relaxants and reversal
6. Analgesics (Opioids) and reversals
7. Local anaesthetic agents
8. Regional and Local anaesthetics
9. Airway management and basic life support
10. Monitoring in anaesthesia
11. Post-operative care
12. Anaesthesia equipment and accessories
13. Anaesthetic machine
14. Systematic approach to patient assessment
15. Oxygen delivery devices
16. Conduct of general anaesthesia
17. Conduct of spinal anaesthesia
18. Intravenous Access
19. Fluid Management
20. Patient position
21. Advanced Cardiac Life Support
 EAR, NOSE AND THROAT
NO EAR, NOSE AND THROAT TOPICS FOR PBL 5
TOPIC REMARKS
1. Embryology and Common Congenital Ear anomalies
2. Anatomy of the Ear
3. Physiology of Hearing and Vestibular System
4. ENT symptoms and Examination
5. Hearing loss-Evaluation and Rehabilitation
6. Diseases of External Ear
7. Acute Otitis media and Otitis media with Effusion
8. Chronic Otitis media and Cholesteatomas
9. Complications of Suppurative Otitis media
10. Vertigo, tinnitus and Vestibular Disorders
11. Facial Nerve Disorders
12. Tumours of the Ear
13. Anatomy of Nose and Paranasal sinuses
14. Diseases of External Nose and Vestibule
15. Rhinitis
16. Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps
17. Epistaxis
18. Maxillofacial Trauma
19. Physiology of Pharynx, Larynx and Oesophagus
20. Anatomy of Oral cavity, Pharynx, Larynx and Oesophagus
21. Pharyngitis
22. Adenotonsilar Disease
23. Disorders of Oesophagus
24. Laryngitis
25. Laryngotracheal Trauma
26. Deep Neck Space infection
27. Hoarseness of Voice
28. Stridor
29. Tracheostomy
30. Foreign Body in ENT
31. Head and Neck Tumours
32. HIV Manifestations in ENT
33. Diseases of the salivary gland