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[14] Nelson, L. C. and Obert, E. F., 1954, “Generalized pvT Properties of

Gases,” Trans. ASME, 76, pp. 1057–1066.
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D. E., 1955, “The Volumetric and Thermodynamic Properties of
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[25] Vavra, M. H., 1960, Aero-Thermodynamics and Flow in Turboma-
chines, Wiley, New York.
[26] Wu, C. H., 1952, “A General Theory of Three-Dimensional Flow in
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[27] Schlichting, H., 1968, Boundary-Layer Theory, 6th Ed., McGraw-Hill,
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[29] Aungier, R. H., 1988, “A Performance Analysis for the Vaneless
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[30] Davis, W. R., 1976, “Three-Dimensional Boundary-Layer Computa-
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[32] Balsa, T. F. and Mellor, G. L., 1975, “The Simulation of Axial Compressor
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[34] Rotta, J. C., 1966, “Recent Developments in Calculation Methods
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[36] Head, M. R., 1968, “Cambridge Work on Entrainment,” in Proceedings
of Computation of Turbulent Boundary Layers, Thermosciences Divi-
sion, Stanford University, CA, pp. 188–194.
[37] Mellor, G. L. and Wood, G. M., 1971, “An Axial Compressor End-Wall
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[38] Smith, L. H. Jr., 1970, “Casing Boundary Layers in Multi-Stage Axial-
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[39] Koch, C. C. and Smith, L. H. Jr., 1976, “Loss Sources and Magnitudes
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Estimation for Axial-Flow Turbines,” R&M 2974, Aeronautical Re-
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[47] Lee, J. F., 1954, Theory and Design of Steam and Gas Turbines,
McGraw-Hill, New York.

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[48] Pai, S., 1956, Viscous Flow Theory, I—Laminar Flow, Van Nostrand,
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[56] Daily, J. W. and Nece, R. E., 1960, “Roughness Effects on Frictional
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[59] Novak, R. A., 1973, “Axisymmetric Computing Systems for Axial Flow
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Institute Fluid Dynamics of Turbomachinery, Iowa State University,
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[60] Perera, J. V., 1990, “Steam Turbine Performance Gains from Improved
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[61] Perera, J. V., 1992, “Redesigned Turbine Blading and Steam Path
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Turbine Blading Conference, Orlando, FL.
[62] Hirsch, C. and Denton, J. D. (editors), 1982, “Through Flow Calcula-
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[63] Groschup, G., 1977, Stromungstechnische Unterscuhung einer
Axialturbinenstufe im Vergleich zum Verhalten der ebenen Gitter ihrer
Beschaufelung, Doktor Ingenieur dissertation, Technical University of
Hannover, Germany.

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[64] Lueders, H. G., 1967, “Experimental Investigation of Advanced Con-

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[65] Lueders, H. G., 1968, “Experimental Investigation of Advanced Con-
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[68] Balje, O. E., 1981, Turbomachines, A Guide to Design, Selection and
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[76] Wallace, F. J., Bains, N. C. and Whitfield, A., 1976, “A Unified Ap-
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[77] Benson, R. S., 1971, “Prediction of Performance of Radial Gas Tur-
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[78] Rohlik, H. E., 1968, “Analytical Determination of Radial-Inflow Tur-
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[79] Jansen, W. and Qvale, E. B., 1967, “A Rapid Method of Predicting
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67-WA/GT-3, ASME, New York.

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[80] Rogers, C., 1966, “Efficiency and Performance Characteristics of

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[90] Aungier, R. H., 1988, “A Systematic Procedure for the Aerodynamic
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[92] Reneau, L., Johnston, J. and Kline, S., 1967, “Performance and Design
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[93] Hiett, G. F. and Johnston, I. H., 1964, “Experiments Concerning
the Aerodynamic Performance of Inward Flow Radial Turbines,”
Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, London, 178,
pp. 30–63.

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namic Design and Component Sizing,” Paper No. 95-GT-78, ASME,
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[95] Wood, H. J., 1963, “Current Technology of Radial-Inflow Turbines for
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[96] Linhardt, H. D., 1973, “Cryogenic Turboexpanders,” LNG/Cryogenics,
Feb./Mar., pp. 7–15.
[97] Rohlik, H. E., 1968, “Analytical Determination of Radial Inflow
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[98] Jamieson, A. W. H., 1955, “The Radial Turbine,” in Gas Turbine
Principles and Practice (Roxbee-Cox, Sir H., editor), George Newnes,
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[100] Casey, M. V., 1983, “A Computational Geometry for the Blades and
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[101] Forest, A. R., 1972, “Interactive Interpolation and Approximation by
Bezier Polynomials,” Computer Journal, 15, pp. 71–79.
[102] Walsh, J. L., Ahlberg, J. H. and Nilson, E. N., 1962, “Best Approximation
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[103] Sovran, G. and Klomp, E. D., 1967, “Experimentally Determined
Optimum Geometries for Rectilinear Diffusers with Rectangular,
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(Soveran, G., editor), Elsevier, Amsterdam.
[104] Dolan, F. X. and Runstadler, P. W., 1973, “Pressure-Recovery Perfor-
mance of Conical Diffusers at High Subsonic Mach Numbers, Report
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[105] Aungier, R. H., 1993, “Aerodynamic Design and Analysis of Vaneless
Diffusers and Return Channels,” Paper No. 93-GT-101, ASME, New
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[106] Katsanis, T., 1968, “Computer Program for Calculating Velocities and
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[107] Katsanis, T., 1969, “Fortran Program for Calculating Transonic
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Turbomachine Blades,” Proceedings of the Institute of Mechanical
Engineers, 184, Paper 27.

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[109] Dunavant, J. C., Emery, J. C., Walch, H. C. and Westphal, W. R., 1955,
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RM-L55I08, NACA, Washington, DC.
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bolic Equations with High Order of Accuracy,” Commun. Pure Appl.
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16, Air Force Weapons Laboratory, Kirtland AFB, NM.
[115] Aungier, R. H., 1971, “A Computational Method for Unified Solutions
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[116] Aungier, R. H., 1971, “A Computational Method for Two-Dimensional,
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of Inlet and Exit Boundary Conditions in Transient Cascade Flow,”
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 ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Since retiring in 2004, Mr. Aungier has been an independent consultant

in turbomachinery aerodynamics, working from his home in Greensburg,
Pennsylvania. He has been active in fluid mechanics research and devel-
opment for thirty-nine years, including thiry-five years specializing in the
aerodynamic design and analysis of centrifugal compressors, axial-flow
compressors, radial-inflow turbines and axial-flow turbines. He has nume-
rous publications in this field, primarily through the American Society of
Mechanical Engineers. He is a graduate of Cornell University, where he
received a masters degree in Aerospace Engineering and a bachelors degree
in Engineering Physics. Mr. Aungier is a Fellow of the ASME.
Mr. Aungier started his career in 1966 as an officer in the U.S. Air Force,
conducting research in hypersonic reentry vehicle aerodynamics at the Air
Force Weapons Laboratory in Albuquerque, New Mexico. He is the author
of numerous Air Force and NASA publications, some of which are the basis
for one of the analysis techniques described in this book. Mr. Aungier joined
the Research Division of Carrier Corporation in Syracuse, New York in 1970,
where he spent eleven years managing and conducting applied research on
the fluid dynamics of turbomachinery and air handling equipment. His indi-
vidual research at Carrier focused on turbomachinery aerodynamics, includ-
ing the development of aerodynamic performance analysis techniques for
axial-flow compressors, centrifugal compressors and radial-inflow turbines.
In 1981 Mr. Aungier transferred to the Elliott Company (then a division of
Carrier Corporation) in Jeannette, Pennsylvania as the manager of Compres-
sor Development. There his interests expanded to include the development
of systematic and efficient techniques for the aerodynamic design of tur-
bomachinery. His responsibilities were extended to include turbine aerody-
namic development in 1983 and mechanical design and analysis in 1987. He
held several positions of increasing responsibility with the Elliott Company
the last of which was the manager of Advanced Technology. Throughout his
career, he has been an active contributor to turbomachinery aerodynamic
technology, specializing in comprehensive aerodynamic design and analysis
systems. ASME Press published his fi rst book, describing his centrifugal
compressor aerodynamic design and analysis system, in 2000 followed by a
similar book on axial-flow compressors in 2003. The present book provides a
similar description of his axial-flow turbine and radial-inflow turbine aero-
dynamic design and analysis systems.

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