Oral Questions of Navigation (FUNCTION -1)

The following questions came from candidates right after they had finished their
oral exam.
S.No.
Function -1
1 What is amplitude?
2 What is isogonic chart?
3 What is BNWAS, ECDIS requirements & performance standards?
4 What are the maintenance of Magnetic compass?
5 What are neap tides?
6 What are spring tides?
7 Why are we required to know about them during our passage planning?
8 What are cardinal marks & their characteristics?
9 What is INSPIRE & where is It�s headquarter? Indian Ship Position &
Information Reporting System
10 What are the meteorological equipments on bridge?
11 What is passage planning?
12 Sailing in navarea 3 to 4 suddenly voyage order changes to NAV Area 5.
13 What action will you take after sending false alert on HF?
14 What is the procedure to log distress alert?
15 What are the corrections of chart catalogue & how to do it & which section of
NTM will u find it?
16 Define tactical diameter & transfer?
17 How many navareas? How will you select stations on navtex? How will you get
navigational warnings outside navareas when you have lost all satellite antennas?
18 Which ALRS volume contains the details of racons?
19 How to correct ASD in detail?
20 What are the precautions while using GPS Fix at sea not in coastal waters?
21 How will you check performance
22 What is the proper meaning of word impede?
23 What is annex 4 distress signal in detail?
24 What is your action on hearing fog signal?
25 Gyro fails action?
26 What is range of NUC light? 3 miles
27 MOB on port side, action?
28 Describe all the 4 annexes.
29 What is the diameter of ball?
30 What are the safe water marks, lateral marks & isolated danger marks?
31 What is the significance of each type of buoy?
32 What is barometric tendency & its significance?
33 How we will know ASD is upto date or not?
34 What is the purpose of INTERCO?
35 What is answering pennant?
36 Make a wind rose diagram
37 How will you determine iceberg in your locality during day & night?
38 What are routing chart details?
39 What changes you will make in navtex?
40 what precaution regarding UKC to be kept in mind while planning passage .?
41 what is static and dynamic draft?
42 what was your company�s UKC policy?
43 what is steering tests prior departure
44 what do you mean by gyro error LOW or HIGH
45 one simple numerical about deviation,variation and compass error
46 Definition of crossing situations?
47 WHAT IS OCCULTING,FLASHING AND ISOPHASE LIGHT?WHAT IS VERY QUICK?
48 WHAT ALL PUBLICATIONS DO YOU CARRY ON BOARD AND IN HOW MANY YEARS NEW EDITION
FOR EACH IS PRINTED?
49 what is safetyNET
50 pdv( POWER DRIVEN VESSEL) underway lights
51 how will you determine if risk of collision exits, without using radar
52 what is minimum CPA required to avoid close quater situation
53 circumstances for calling master
54 O/T situation, give way vl not taking action?
55 CBD light and shapes underway, RAM defnitions. brief TSS
56 what is lateral marks, isolated danger marks? Regions
57 what is Bridge control tests prior departure.
58 how to do steering tests?
59 how to find compass,gyro errors
60 when approching pilot station within ITZ
61 trawler,fishing vl,pilot vessel lights and shapes
62 what is RAdio medical advise and message to prepare?
63 From where we get the list of medicine required to carry onboard?
64 Fire in galley you are incharge,what is your actions?
65 what is Relative bearing?
66 define a vessel NUC, RAM, CBD & their lights.
67 define safe speed
68 quote rule 5,6,19 & situations on the same rules
69 what is Region A & B as per IALA buoyage
70 what is cardinal marks, isolated danger marks, fairway buoy.
71 where to keep red buoy when sailing out from bombay.
72 how to correct charts which is not corrected for last 3 years
73 what are errors of magnetic compass
74 what do you understand by gyro error 1 degree high.
75 what is sDquat and its effect on ships
76 what is Notices to mariners and ALRS.
77 prepare muster list for abandon ship (to assign duties)
78 when to call master.
79 when Radar not working, how to keep a proper lookout.
80 emergency � engine breakdown , what is your actions
81 what are factors affecting UKC
82 what is CPA & Is 0.2 nm a safe CPA.
83 own vsl CBD, narrow channel, NUC vessel is right ahead, what is your action.
84 what is responsibility of CBD as per rule 18.
85 when you lowering boat with three person and you are incharge.
86 action when engine failure while navigation 25 nm away from land.
87 muster list contents , draw roughy and show
88 define celestrial sphere, amplitude, azimuth , sextant error.
89 light show by NUC vessel while underway,making way and at anchor.
90 what is medical reporting produre and where station is located
91 compass error calculate when gyro course 143 deg, compass course 148deg,
gyro error 2 deg high,
92 variation 2 deg west ( annually 2 min increasing to west from 1982) gyro
bearing 123, find deviation ,stb compass bearing.
93 IN ROR only situation overtaking. R.v overtaking..
94 you are taking delivery of new ship how will you implement garbage
management plan on board .
95 As a 2nd officer what will you take over in medicine part .
96 vessel towing 3 vessels along side what lights it will show.
97 what do you mean by ordinary practice of seamen in rule no. 2
98 you r taking delivery of new ship how will u implement garbage management
plan on board .
99 As a 2nd officer wat will u take over in medicine part .
100 vessel towing 3 vessels along side wat lights it will show.
101 what do you mean by ordinary practice of seamen in rule no. 2
102 action in RV one vessel fwd of beam port side and another is taking over stbd
side action.
103 quote rule no.5, and meaning of all available mean & chart symbol for works
different types of work.
104 headon sitiation action ,radar plotting,all cardinal marks n falshing
duration.u r overtaking in tss suddenly that vl altered co towards u action
105 action in RV one vessel fwd of beam port side and another is taking over stbd
side action.
106 code rule no.5,meaning of all avai means.chart simble for wks diff types of
wk.
107 New danger mark,special mark,isolated danger.preffered channel buoys of
region a and b 9.
108 IAMSAR manuals and purpose of vol3 and whart are raster and vector charts
109 what is data available in dynamic data of AIS
110 when to call master and what actions to be taken if its RV
111 how to determine visibility is detoriating in night.
112 action to be taken if person falls overboard.
113 what is advance,tactical dia and tranfer what are the imo requirements for
that?
114 wht is �c� correction in sights and how will you take a sight
115 action to be taken whn you see a white light.
116 what will you do when you find the diffrence between your actual position by
your GPS and sight has an error of 50Nm
117 how will you determine the waypoints and wheelover points while altering
course on a chart.
118 what is prefered channel to stbd (draw) in region A and where will you place
the bouy
119 contents of roeuting guide mand ocean passages of the world
120 few cards also and regrding NUC and vessel AGROUND
121 How to file T and P
122 You have a chart corrected till 2010 jan, procedure to check if its corrected
up to date, if not , how will you correct. Reason for your answer.
123 course 180 sighted south cardinal bouy right ahead,action. Light of south
cardinal buoy
124 How often is the survey of medical chest on board carried out?
125 How many GPS you had on board?
126 Difference between GPS andDGPS and Errors of GPS.
127 When do you do stearing gear test. What all is checked. Required capability
of stearing gear
128 what is iamsar manuals and purpose of vol3
129 whart are raster and vector charts. ECS and Ecdis difference.
130 how many sight you can take in the morning,
131 whats the limit for ex- meridian sight ,
132 when is difficult to take merpass. Sights and auto pilot testing interval
133 Quote Rule 9, 13, 15..
134 what is Gyro error and hw will you take in normal forecast & overcast..
135 what is muster list preparation..
136 how to approach TRS..
137 what is Navtex settings.
138 what is EGC messages.
139 difference between clearing mark & clearing bearing..
140 what is great circle sailing.
141 Quote Rule 9, 13, 15..
142 what is Gyro error and how will you take in normal forecast & overcast..
143 how muster list preparation..
144 how to approach TRS..
145 what is Navtex settings..
146 what is EGC messages..
147 difference between clearing mark & clearing bearing..
148 what is great circle sailing.
149 what is cardinal marks and preferred channel buoys
150 what information you get from ARPA
151 on a paper showed various targets with their relative vector on ppi.identify
situationas.
152 draw wreck dangerous for surface navigation
153 draw pilot boarding station
154 whts P.I. ? explain how to use it correctly?
155 few more questions which i dont remember
156 how many sight u can take in the morning
157 whts the limit for ex- meridian sight
158 Ship is Stopped initailly, Now rudder 10 degrees to port, engines dead slow
ahead, where stern and bow will swing?
159 ROR cards n situation..restricted visibility, both cases RADAR operational n
inoperational u r duty officer u heard 1 prolonged blast on port bow. Action?(rule
19d 1 n 2)
160 how to obtain noon position by sun full plotting only floating(lond by chron
and merpass), why pl is N-S in morning n E-W at MERPASS
161 what is eco sounder and RADAR principle , working, limitations
162 why gyro compass fails at higher latitude?
163 what is MERSAS and IAMSAR.
164 Ship draft 17 mtrs , you are approaching 20 mtrs depth,,,what effects ship
will experience?
165 methods of obtaining compass error and explaination on transit bearings
166 what is Fog signals
167 what do you mean by routine charts and pilot chart ? how many volumes?
168 what is ON the arc and OFF the arc in sextant means?
169 what is sextant altitute of polaris?
170 what is procedure of chart correction?
171 what is fairway buoy? and its use?which side you willl keep this?
172 what is isolated danger mark ? its top mark ? rhythem
173 what is AMVER and its use?
174 what is inspires and its limit?
175 To avoid a chocked hat ,what should be angle b/w lighthouses?
176 preacautions in narrow channel?
177 what is phasing and ranging in echo sounder
178 what do you mean by deviation card and how will you prepare it ?
179 difference between barograph and barometer?
180 which method should prefer for sight calculation at morning? and why?
181 what do you get after taking sight? and your next plan?
182 how will you transfer your position from one chart to another chart?
183 what is safe water mark,region A, B buoys?its use ,shape,light,and colour?
184 wreck not danger for navigation ,how much distance u will keep from this?
185 how do you do a sight calcualtion??
186 how do u know sun at the meridian?
187 how do u know chart has been corrected ?
188 how many volumes in ALRS,how they are name? for a particular area how will u
find out a selective volume?
189 what information u will get from chart cataloge?
190 define safe �speed�?
191 what is meridian passage?
192 what is answering pandent? and its use?
193 what do you mean by moon SD , augmentation,?
194 radar target suddenly disappear ,whts it mean?
195 difference between racon,& becon?
196 explain turning circle? how much advance for a normal vessel?
197 why we need a magnetic deviation card?
198 principle of echo sounder,doppler log and auto pilot?
199 what is distress signal by flag??
200 contents of notice to mariner,cumulative notice and annual notice to mariner?
201 what informatin information from chart catalogue?
202 what is pilots/sailing directions?
203 if you are in mediterrean sea, which SD u will refer and how will you come
to know?
204 how will you correct aneroid barometer ?who will correct this?
205 what is another name of routiene chart?
206 what do you mean by SART and EPIRB?
207 difference between azimuth and bearing?
208 what do you mean by wind rose?
209 sound signal of dredger,aground vessel,anchored vessel?
210 In poor visibilty when you are going to encounter in open sea ,no target
can u reduce speed?
211 how will you fix ur vsls posn if gps fails?
212 how will you identify lighthouse?
213 what is flashing,occulting,isophase?
214 how will you apply rule 5,6,7,8 & 18 onboard?
215 ROR cards for vsl towing more than 50 mtrs in length in RAM condt. and length
of tow exceeds 200 mtrs and its day signal and fog signal.
216 card for vessel aground day signal and fog signal and action to be taken if
vessel is right ahead.
217 ROR card for PDV more than 50 mtrs in length with port side seen. Action as
OOW.
218 Chart symbols for- wreck at which mast only is visible, reporting point, 20
mtrs countour line.
219 contents of mariners handbook.
220 what is a navigable semicircle in a TRS?
221 how will you take meridian sight?
222 what are the errors in gyro?
223 what do you mean by latitude error?
224 What do you mean by compasses compared?
225 great circle sailing from mallaca strait to south Africa
226 composite circle sailing and why you do composite circle sailing
227 what is routine chart and what information u get from it
228 what is Blind sector in Radar
229 what is sextant error, and how u will come to know that ur index error is
correct
230 if echosounder show two marking one above and one below which one iscorrect .
231 vessel anchor dragging action
232 MOB in TSS, what is your Action
233 which turn you will prefer in baltic williomson single turn or sharnov
(failing question)asked nearly 15 situation ( all correct)
234 quote rule 5 and its detail explanations
235 what is Gnomic chart
236 what is ship routeing and what information we get from it
237 Quote Rule 9, 13, 15..
238 what is Gyro error and how will you take in normal forecast & overcast..
239 what does muster list preparation mean.
240 how to approach TRS..
241 Navtex settings..EGC messages..
242 difference between clearing mark & clearing bearing..
243 what is great circle sailing..
244 Lights and of NUC, RAM, Pilot, SV, FV,
245 how do you know about Steering failure?
246 Difference between Long by Chron and merpass?
247 Towing vessel on port bow?
248 qoute Rule 18 and 19 with detail explanation of each paragraph.
249 what is Leading lights?
250 what is IAMSAR and MERSAR
251 list of Publications on bridge ?
252 Narrow channel Rule?
253 IALA Bouyage system
254 what is meaning of Boxing of compass.
255 explain about intercept method and mer pass and show diagramatically n write
the formula
256 how will you calculate height of tide at secondary port ?write all the steps
257 what is raising of light n how to calculate the raising distance?
258 situation you are CBD and NUC crosing from port side state action?
Positiong of lights of nuc (annex 1)
259 you are PD vessel open sea ,no traffic you see a trawler right ahead your
action? How will you determine she is at anchor n positioning of her lights?
260 you heard 4 short blast what does it mean??
261 what is landing signal
262 you are approaching a port and your vessel agrounds state your action
263 what is c correction
264 Characteristics, limitations and efficiency of a radar
265 What is north up, co. up, head up mode of radar
266 Aspect and its importance in collision avoidance
267 Speed over ground & speed through water difference,which is to be used for
268 collision avoidance and why?
269 Difference between ECDIS and ENC
270 Wreck with visible mast, wreck dangerous to surface navigation & wreck not
dangerous to surface navigation symbols on raster charts
271 How does a wreck marking bUoy look like?
272 Corresponding symbols on an ECDIS of the ones asked above.
273 explain how is speed adjusted in different cond
274 explain limitation of radar
275 explain why range and bearing discrimination occur
276 explain what are constraints imposed on radar range
277 explain what are the effects of wx on radar
278 what is sea clutter and rain clutter ???
279 you see two red light identify and take action
280 towing alongside lights and then action
281 pilot vsl light
282 pilot vsl lght if length more than 50m
283 placement of fwd mast light
284 main mast light
285 what is horrizontal spacing of lights
286 full annex 1 of ROR
287 how a navtex msg comes
288 how does the msg goes from epirb
289 what is LRIT
290 what is SSAS
291 GMDSS equipments in area a3
292 what is polar navigation
293 how will you find direction if magnetic and gyro compass are unreliable
294 what is T and P correction and how do you correct it
295 how chart correction is done when using block
296 how to get radio medical help
297 what is content of ALRS volume
298 what is content of BPG
299 what is leading lights
300 what are methods of finding of gyro error
301 what is south cardinal mark
302 passage planning from mumbai to Southampton
303 what are navtex frequencies and what does ZCZC mean
304 what is long by chron and lat by mer.alt
305 own vessel NUC in TSS and CBD crossing 4nm from port side not taking any
action // what is your anchor
306 action,shallow patch on stbd action
307 own vessel PD another PD vessel crossing from stbd in tss // what is your
action
308 what is anchorage area in malacca strait and action?
309 In RV situation , heard 4 short blasts action
310 what is difference between noon sight and noon position
311 what is spring and neap tides
312 In ROR card ,stbd lateral mark IALA b ( draw)
313 what is search patterns and their pros N cons
314 what is responsibilities of an overtaking vessel.
315 fog signals for anchor and aground vsl.
316 what is limitations of ecdis.
317 you heard a fog signal fwd of beam and what is your action??
318 sextant uses..about sextant angles..
319 formula for vertical sextant angle.
320 what are errors of sextant..and how 2 correct them.
321 when rudder is stuck to 5 degree to stbd and what is your action??
322 steering failure, what is your action??
323 vessel collided and what is your action ??
324 what is manouvring characteristics of vessel.
325 what is south west monsoon
326 formation of clouds
327 how to correct charts and explain in detail
328 contents of annual summary of notices and cumulative notices
329 what is transverse thrust
330 what is Sextant, principal, errors.
331 Principle of AIS
332 you saw west cardinal mark right ahead and what is action.
333 radar characteristic and deficiencies.
334 how do you set up navtex??
335 chart symbol.. wreck dangerous to navigation, rock, shallow patch shown on
chart
336 arrival port chart for Singapore from chart catalogue.
337 Annual notices to mariner content.
338 isolated danger mark bouy specification.
339 define iso phase, flashing and occulting..
340 main engine failure.. your action as duty officer..
341 ECDIS and ECS difference..
342 Controls of autopilot..
343 what do understand by yawing control.
344 Normal visibility crosing situation
345 qoute rule 15 and 8(F).
346 what is new danger mark,special mark,isolated danger and preffered channel
buoys of region A and B
347 whart are raster and vector charts
348 when to call master and what actions to be taken if its rv.
349 how to determine visibility is detoriating in night.
350 action to be taken if person falls overboard.
351 turning circle diagram- what is advance,tactical dia and tranfer what are the
imo requirements for that?
352 THE RANGE AND VISIBLITY OF MASTHEAD LIGHTS
353 WHAT INFORMATION DOES YOU GET IAMSAR
354 WHAT DO YOU MEAN BY COMPATIBILITY AND SEGREGATION IN IMDG.
355 UNDER WHAT SITUATION CAN YOU USE AN INSHORE TRAFFIC ZONE
356 EXPLAIN THE REGULATION CONCERNING THE RISK OF COLLISSION.
357 C.B.D. VESSEL AT ANCHOR, WHAT SIGNALS WILL SHE SHOW.
358 C.B.D. VESEL IN FOG DROPS ANCHOR, WHAT WILL BE HER FOG SIGNAL
359 CHARTS THAT HAVE NOT BEEN CORRECTED FOR THE PAST TWO YEARS, HOW WILL YOU GO
ABOUT CORRECTING THEM.
360 WHERE WILL YOU FIND THE LATEST EDITION OF CHARTS AND HOW IS THE INFORMATION
PRESENTED.
361 Make a passage plan from Mumbai to Suez.
362 What information will you receive from your seniors, and how will it help u
in making plan?
363 From where will you get information about traffic density in any area?
364 Explain routine chart?
365 How will you determine position plotting interval
366 Vessel on port bow and its action
367 Vessel on stbd quartor , what is action
368 Correct a chart which has not been corrected for long time
369 what is iamsar and its details ?
370 MOB on stbd side , what is your action ?
371 how radar plotting is done and gave for a overtaking vsl
372 quote rule 2 , 8 , 10
373 buoyage & cards (day + night )
374 what was your duties as a cadet
375 How does bearing error occur in a radar?
376 Errors of the echo sounder with explanation?
377 What is SHA,GHA,LHA etc..
378 Why SHA of stars given in almanac and GHAof planets and in case of stars for
3 years
379 Sextant errors and how will you take a sight(he has a sextant in hiscabin)?
380 can you use the 2010 almanac in 2011 and how?
381 explanation of the corrections applied to the sights?
382 some situations in ROR mainly crossing and overtaking (also in restricted
visibility)?
383 quote rule 19 and rule 6?
384 what is Transverse thrust?
385 handing/taking over watch at sea and also in port?
386 action when entering area of RV ,seeing a vessel aground?
387 what is horizontal and vertical sectors of navigation lights?
388 What�s meant by LRIT and Its need on ships?
389 What is navtex and Why only for coastal areas?
390 What you will do in mid ocean for EGC ?
391 What�s meant by the term EGC and Elaborate and explain.
392 What are the various examinations conducted under STCW ?
393 what is GMDSS carriage requirements In SEA area A3.
394 How would you know which satellite your EGC receiver is locked in on?
395 Explain telemotor system in detail with diagram.
396 Explain buoyage system. Explain cardinal marks. What�s meant by conventional
direction of buoyage system?
397 Characterstics and limitations of radar in detail.
398 Narrow channel and you are duty officer what will you do ?
399 Towing alongside lights and action .
400 what is meaning of Polar navigation..
401 what is Difference between ship having DOC and without DOC.
402 What is meaning of Tidal diamonds on navigational charts.
403 How does bearing error occur in a radar?
404 Errors of the echo sounder with explanation?
405 What is SHA,GHA,LHA etc..
406 Why SHA of stars given in almanac and GHA of planets and in case of stars for
3 days
407 what are Sextant errors and how will you take a sight(he has a sextant in
his cabin)?
408 Can you use the 2010 almanac in 2011,how?
409 Explanation of the corrections applied to the sights?
410 Some situations in ROR mainly crossing and overtaking (also in restricted
visibility)?
411 What is meaning of Transverse thrust?
412 Handing/taking over watch at sea and also in port?
413 Action when entering area of RV ,seeing a vessel aground?
414 Horizontal and vertical sectors of navigational lights in details?
415 ROR CARDS � AGROUND VSL , NUC VSL AND IALA BUOYAGE CARDS are very important .
416 What is SBM and the mooring operation to SBM ?
417 What are the errors of speed log ?
418 what is Admiralty sailing directions and information we get from it ?
419 what is Ocean passages of the world .
420 Routeing charts � information obtained and ocean regions covered .
421 what is Synoptic charts .
422 Ways of determining stars in the sky . Star finder � details and how to
use ?
423 LRIT � details and functioning and also the location of the LRIT data centre
in India ( DG shipping premises , jahaz bhavan , Mumbai )
424 Also the SOLAS Ch V reg regarding which contracting governments can acquire
LRIT information .
425 Different types of charts .
426 Contents of MERSAR , Different search patterns .
427 Difference between azimuth and amplitude with diagram.
428 what is Star Finder, How To Take Sights All Methods,Visible And Sensible
Horizon
429 what is meaning of Ebb and Flood Tide, Neap and Spring tide.
430 A vessel of 100m length, which ran aground in RV ,you have to go forwrad for
the ringing of bell, what will you do ? How to start?
431 What are all the additional precautions you will take into account for
determining the safe speed of your vessel with operational RADAR?
432 Show fog signal of a vessel aground by banging on the table?
433 How will you take over watch?
434 Methods of determining compass error?
435 Which method you will prefer azimuth or amplitude? Explain amplitude method.
436 How will you navigate in ice?
437 What is ice patrol?
438 Frequencies of navtex?
439 Explanation of GDOP error.
440 What is your companies UKC policy?
441 Explain the effect of squat and its calculation?
442 ROR situation:- NUC on port bow action?
443 Restricted visibility and your vessel is at anchor what fog signal will you
sound?
444 Various fog signals:- PD vessel underway but stopped, pilot vessel, NUC, CBD
445 You are in distress how will you indicate this to other vessels?(Distress
signals)
446 What are Various types of fogs?
447 How to predict fog??
448 What is region A and Region B?
449 Safe water mark right ahead in a channel, Take action?
450 CBD on your port Bow, take action?
451 You are overtaking Sailing Vessel whose primarily responsibility to keep out
and explain it?
452 How will you determine you are overtaking?
453 how would you Passage plan KANDLA TO JABELALI
454 what is meaning of Geographical range, nominal range, luminous range.
455 How will you calculate the distance from the light house whose height is
given on ALL?
456 Suppose you havent taken compass error for last four to five days and now you
have to alter the course then what all corrections will you apply to the gyro?
457 Suppose you have a cancelled chart onboard and you have to sail on that
chart. How will you go about it?
458 What is the requirement of steering gear system??? What are the test you
carry out for it? And what actions you take in case of a steering gear failure??
459 A crossing situation with a shallow patch on stbd�.describe ur action?
460 What will you do in event of hearing a fog signal forward of your beam in RV?
461 Principle of a gyro compass?
462 Explain hazards of high lattiude sailing
463 Plan a passage from japan to US(cross pacific)
464 Publications required for the passage plan
465 Can own vessel overtaking another PDV in TSS
466 Same situaton in restricted visibility
467 What are general precuations in TSS, RV, overtaking
468 Right ahead three white lights
469 Lights and shapes of dredger & ram vessel
470 Explain overtaking in TSS
471 How will you determine risk of collision?
472 Own vassel CBD, two fishing vessels on port and STBD bow
473 Gyro falure in open sea � what are actions and precautions
474 Leading lights and sectored leading lights and their practical uses (please
refer to bridge team management book).
475 Narrow channel gyro and magnetic failure and the pilot wants a heading fast.
476 Pen down everything you know about fishing vessels including lights shapes
flags type of nets light positioning and sound signals.
477 Open seas and vessel 4 points on port bow, starboard quarter action.
478 Close quarter situation and then collision, give detailed action.
479 Give an example of an actual emergency on board.
480 what are Contents of INTERCO
481 Audible ranges for vessels of different length.
482 What are signal for a vessel aground in restricted visiblity.
483 Vertical and horizontal positioning of lights of vessels more than 100 metres
in length.
484 Is there any rule that says that the stern light must be in the fore and aft
centre line of the ship.
485 Sound signal for overtaking another vessel from the starboard side in a
narrow channel.
486 What is safe speed also explain characteristics efficiency and limitations of
radar and also constraints imposed by the radar range scale in use.
487 what is turning ability & stopping distance with respect to Rule 6.
488 What is isophase and group occulting light.
489 Which vessel will show a yellow light and the characteristics of the same.
490 Pilot vessel more than 50 metres underway, lights.
491 Vertical and horizontal positioning of sidelights for vessel of more than 20
metres in length.
492 What is short and prolonged blast.
493 Vertical and horizontal positioning of a dredgers lights.
494 Lights and characteristics of an air cushioned vessel.
495 What is boxing a compass.
496 Why are two whistles carried on ships and their requirements according to
annex ii.
497 Calculate noon position, and which method will you prefer.
498 What are the particulars of south cardinal, safe water and isolated danger
buoy.
499 What is conventional direction of buoyage.
500 What are the contents of weekly notices to mariners.
501 Will you call master at what atmospheric drop of pressure.
502 Meteorological instruments carried on board.
503 What are weather ships and how are they classified.
504 How will you check the reading of a gold slide and which reading will you
take first.
505 Which chapter does distress come under interco.
506 What distress signals would a small wooden boat show.
507 what is MMSI number
508 First thing to do when you enter chartroom / wheelhouse.
509 Effect of speed on turning circle.
510 If a vessel is aground why should an oow. Inform engine room.
511 How do you go about plotting a great-circle course and what are the merits
and de-merits.
512 How do you go about correcting various publications, eg. ALRS,ALL and ASD.
513 What is cavitation / transverse thrust.
514 Describe north and west cardinal marks.
515 Duration of prolonged blast / sound signals in narrow channels / signals to
attract attention.
516 What signals can be supplimented by light.
517 What are the functional requirements for gmdss as per solas.
518 Horizontal sector of lights.
519 Meaning of combined lantern & when can it be carried.
520 What is Occulting & flashing lights.
521 Why is a starboard turn preferred in ROR?
522 What are Controls on steering gear systems.
523 Various errors on when a celestial observation is taken.
524 Obtain medical advice by radio.
525 DESCRIBE BEAUFORT SCALE CONTENTS, WIND SPEED TO WAVE HEIGHT VALUES.
526 Difference between tide, tidal streams and currents.
527 Lights & fog signals of vessel aground and action on seeing this vessel.
528 Display lights of CBD not making way and making way, action on seeing this
vessel.
529 Explain everything about roeuting charts.
530 How are loadline zones marked and why.
531 Explain refraction correction for sight reduction.
532 Navigating in the english channel and action upon sighting racon �d� on your
radar ppi. In restricted visibility.
533 Controls on steering gear systems with diagram.
534 Various errors on when a celestial observation is taken.
535 how will you Obtain medical advice by radio.
536 Difference between tide, tidal streams and currents.
537 Have you taken any celestial observations; describe procedures for x-
meridian, long by chron and intercept methods.
538 Discuss the merits and the demerits of long by chron and intercept; which one
would you prefer and why.
539 What is a0, a1, and a2 corrections in a polaris observation.
540 Chart symbols like : shinto shrine, fresh water springs, buddhist temple,
unsurveyed coastline, fishing stakes etc.
541 Stranded vessel in sight, action.
542 Action to abandon a vessel.
543 what are Radar characteristics, efficiency and limitations
544 What are Limits of ex-meridian method.
545 what is Stopping distance, head reach and turning circle.
546 Effect of speed on turning circle.
547 If a vessel is aground why should an OOW, Inform engine room.
548 What is PORT STATE CONTROL and its powers.
549 How do you go about plotting a great-circle course and what are the merits
and de-merits.
550 Format for a SITREP report.
551 What is DOPPLER SHIFT and how is this effect applied to the log.
552 How do you go about correcting various publications, eg. Alrs, list of
lights, asd, etc
553 What is meaning of cavitation
554 What is a near miss acident.
555 How does EPIRB calculate position of persons in distress.
556 Pilot vessel more than 100 mts in length lights.
557 Number of SART on board.
558 Ask transmitting station to repeat following.
559 Fog signal forward of beam restricted visibility,what is your action.
560 Correction of ecdis charts.
561 Amver/inspires where will you look for stations to report (ind nm annual
issue). Amver type of reports.
562 what is Vertical positioning of masthead & side lights.
563 Position of manoeuvring lights.
564 Sailing vessel identification.
565 Meaning of combined lantern & when can it be carried.
566 Sailing vessel end on, action.
567 Fishing vessel overtaking you, action.
568 Fishing vessel hampered by gear , what is light of the shown by vessel.
569 OPEN SEA STEERING GEAR FAILURE, what is your action ?
570 Other vessel overtaking ,what is your action.
571 Why is a starboard turn preferred in ror?
572 what is Turning circle of last ship.
573 How will you ensure all round visibility of rigid replica flag �a�.
574 what is Vertical seperation of masthead lights.
575 Variation / deviation definition.
576 Buoyage full including uses and rhythm?
577 Which side you will pass a safe water mark in narrow channel?
578 Is trawler hav anchor lights?
579 What is day signal for sailing vessel if propelled by machinery?
580 Define RAM and CBD in detail ?
581 What all vessel comes under manoeuvering with difficulty?
582 Is towing RAM then what sound signal by vessel being towed?
583 Vessel aground and NUC @ anchor what is fog signal?
584 In RV If you hear continous ringing of bell what is your action?
585 What is difference between making way and underway?
586 You see a CBD on port bow in 3Nm range what action you willtake and by
which rule?
587 What is horizontal sector and what is the cut off range for MH & Side lights
given by IMO .why explain?
588 What is meaning of abort point? What precaution you take prior crossing
abort pontt?
589 How will you calculate wheel over position ? Explain your turning ability in
wheel over point?
590 you are fresher 3/o what instruction you give for your AB before posting
lookout ?
591 What is scanty information given by radar explain?
592 Explain difference between sea & ground stabilization ?
593 Which turn is suitable in rv for mob y nd disavantages of williamson turn?
594 Where will you get piracy and armed robbery information ?
595 you are in offcoast of chennai about 50 Nm and How will you transmit
distress ?
596 What is range of navtex ? How many nav areas and what is place of nav areas
in russian federation?
597 Define dew point how it is calculated from wet and dry bulb temp ?
598 Define storm areas?
599 Explain wind rose and what is backing of wind ?
600 Day signal spacing and dimensions of cylinder as per annex of of ROR?
601 What is inshore traffic zone?
602 You are in TSS and a Fishing Vessel crossing what is your action? I told
its her duty to keep clear but he said he is not keeping clear what is your action
�i told to avoid collision I will enter inshore traffic or separation zone?
603 Define area A1, A2 , A3 , A4 and duplication in area A4 and navtex emission?
604 How you will ascertain risk of collision exist or not?
605 What is ionisation delay?
606 What information yow get from tidal stream atlas and how you use de diamond
in charts?
607 Is neap tide mentioned first or spring tide in tidal stram atlas?
These are the questions that the captain had asked them about the Rules of the Road
Rule 2 Responsibilities

(Q) Define Rule 2-Responsibilities?

(a) That everybody is responsible for any action taken aboard a vessel, and if
involved in a collision then both parties are at fault, because the stand-on vessel
did not use rule 7 risk of collision and rule 8 Action to avoid collision.

(Q) What is the responsibilities of a skipper on the vessel?

(a) To make sure the vessel is a safe and healthy working environment

(Q) What are the responsibilities of individuals aboard your vessel?

(a) To make sure their health is good and if they see any dangers then to report
them to the skipped

Rule 3 General Definitions

(Q) Describe the term �not under command�?

(a) Means a vessel through some exceptional circumstances is unable to deviate from
the course she is following.

(Q) Describe the term� vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre�?

(a) Is a vessel through the nature of her work; she is unable to deviate from her
course she is following.

(Q) Describe a �vessel constrained by her draught�?

(a) Is a power-driven vessel, because of her draught in relation to the depth of
water she is in, cannot deviate from the course she is following

(Q) Describe the word �Underway�?

(a) When a vessel is not at anchor, aground or made fast to the shore, and is only
going through the water by tide and/or wind.

(Q) Describe the word �Making way�?

(a) When a vessel is being propelled through the water by engine propulsion, sails
or oars

(Q) In the Rules of the road, in some rules the word �vessel� comes up, but what
would you say a vessel is?
(a) Any type of watercraft than can carry personnel.

(Q) Describe a power-driven vessel?

(a) Any vessel that has an engine to propel herself through the water

(Q) Describe a sailing vessel?

(a) A vessel using sails and not using engine propulsion to push her through the
sea.

(Q) Describe the word �seaplane�?

(a) Any aircraft that can land on water.

(Q) Your asked about the �Length and Breadth� of your vessel, what is this?
(a) The longest length of your vessel and the widest part of the vessel, you�ll get
this from your �Stability book� and the �Record of particulars�
(Q) The term �when vessels are in sight of one another� what does this mean?
(a) When you can see the vessel visually by the naked eye during daylight or at
night, Rule 34 explains the sound signals used �When vessels are in sight of one
another�

Rule 5 Look-out.

(Q) Describe rule 5 look-out?

(a) By keeping a good look-out using eyes, ears and by using all navigation aids
including radios for listening out for navigation warnings, so you can appraise any
situation ahead of you.

Rule 6 Safe Speed.

(Q) Describe a safe speed by all vessels?

(a) Every vessel shall go at a safe speed so that you can stop your vessel in half
the distance you can see and use the other half to manoeuvre away from danger,
taking the following factors into account: �

By all vessels:-

The state of visibility

Density of traffic
How manoeuvrable your vessel is, and how quick you can stop your vessel
The glare of your lights or light from the shore, you might not see the harbour
entrance
Weather, sea state and any navigation hazards
The draught of your own vessel
(Q) Describe a safe speed by vessels with operational radar?
The limitations of your radar
The scale in use ( too small a scale could be hiding targets )
Weather, sea and rain clutter ( target could be hiding in clutter )
Ice, small vessels not detected by radar
Vessels detected by radar
Determine the range of other vessels
Rule 7 Risk of Collision.

(Q) What would you use to determine a risk of collision?

(a) Compass, radar and visual bearings (visual bearings being the most reliable)

(Q) What scale is your radar(s) on?

(a) 6 and 12 miles.

(Q) Why is your radar on the 12 miles scale?

(a) For early detection of targets.

(Q) You�ve taken 1 radar plot of a target, would you alter with this plot?
(a) No.

(Q) You�ve taken a 2nd radar plot of a target, would you alter with this plot?
(a) No.

(Q) Why would you not alter with 1 and 2 plots?

(a) Rule 7 part (c) says not to rely on scanty information, especially scanty radar
information

(Q) What are the dangers with radar plotting?

(a) Time is being wasted and could put your vessel into a collision course
(Q) If the bearings are steady, is there a risk of collision?
(a) Yes.

(Q) If the bearings are not steady, could there still be a risk of collision?
(a) Yes.

(Q) What situations?

(a) With a large vessel, a long tow or a close quarter situation.

(Q) If plotting a vessel towing a vessel towing another vessel with the length of
tow being 2 miles long, what are you going to take bearings of?
(a) The stem of the towing vessel and the stern of the vessel being towed,
everything in between is a risk of collision.

Rule 8 Action to avoid collision.

(Q) What 4 actions can you take to avoid a collision?

An early and bold alteration of course, as long as you do not put your vessel into
another close quarter situation/risk of collision with another vessel
Slow your vessel down
Stop your vessel
Come astern with your vessel
(Q) Why are you always making an alteration of course, why do you not stop your
vessel?
(a) To make sure the risk of collision/close quarter situation is taken out, also
the other vessel ill see the change of aspect of your vessel (Visually and by
radar)

(Q) If you make an alteration of course, what have you to watch out for?
(a) That you don not put yourself into a close quarter situation with another
vessel

(Q) If you make an alteration of course, why is it dangerous to make a series of

small alterations
(a) Because you could go into a close quarters situation/risk of collision

(Q) If you�re unsure about what to do in a situation, what�s the best thing to do?
(a) Slow your vessel down, best to stop your vessel altogether.

Rule 9 Narrow Channels.

(Q) What side of the narrow channel would you keep?

(a) The starboard side of the narrow channel as long as your vessel is in safe
water.(Morse �G�) (2 prolonged blasts followed by 1 short blast on the whistle

(Q) What would you sound to overtake a vessels port side?

(a) (Morse �Z�)(2 prolonged blasts followed by 2 short blasts on the whistle)

(Q) What would you sound if you agree to be overtaken in a narrow channel?
(a) (Morse �C�)(1 prolonged, 1 short, 1 prolonged, 1 short blast on the whistle)

(Q) What would you sound if you disagree to be overtaken in a narrow channel?
(a) (5 or more short and rapid blasts on the whistle)

(Q) What would you sound coming up to a bend in a narrow channel?

(a) (1 prolonged blast on the whistle)

(Q) If there is another vessel coming around the bend and he heard your warning
signal, what would he sound?
(a) (1 prolonged blast on the whistle to let you know he is there)

(Q) What 3 vessels do not impede any other vessels using a narrow channel?
(a) A fishing vessel, sailing vessel and vessels under 20 metres.

(Q) Are you allowed to cross a narrow channel?

(a) Yes, as long as you do not impede any vessel using the narrow channel

(Q) If you where in a narrow channel, and there is a vessel crossing a narrow
channel, what would you sound to get him to stop and let you pass?
(a) Five or more short and rapid blasts on the whistle to indicate that your unsure
of his intentions.

Rule 10 Traffic Separation Schemes.

(Q) How do you join a lane?

(a) At the start of a lane or at a small an angle as possible to the lane.

(Q) How do you leave a lane?

(a) At the end of a lane or at a small an angle as possible to the lane.

(Q) How do you cross the lanes?

(a) At 90 degrees to the general flow of traffic (DO NOT SAY TO THE LANE)

(Q) Why 90 degrees?

(a) Because it�s the quickest way across, and vessels in the lane can see the
aspect of your vessel.

(Q) If crossing a lane, what 3 vessels do not impede any vessel using a lane?
(a) A fishing vessel, a sailing vessel and a power-driven vessel under 20metres.

(Q) What vessels can use the inshore zone?

(a) A power-driven vessel under 20 metres, sailing vessels, fishing vessels,
vessels going to or from a port, going from port to port in the scheme, going into
anchor to do emergency repairs, to avoid immediate danger, to lay submarine cables
or to do repairs to buoys within the scheme.

(Q) What vessels can use the traffic separation zone?

(a) Fishing vessels, anchor for emergency repairs, crossing vessels, to avoid
immediate danger, to lay submarine cables or to do repairs to buoys within the
scheme.

(Q) Where can you anchor in a scheme?

(a) Anywhere, as long as it�s to do emergency repairs, try and avoid anchoring in
the lanes and at the terminations.

(Q) What would you do if you had to stop your main engine to do emergency repairs
in a lane and had to anchor?
(a) Call up the port and advise them, also put out a security warning other vessels
that you�re at anchor, put up anchor lights and daytime signal.

(Q) Where can you fish in the scheme?

(a) Anywhere, but if fishing in a lane then go with the flow of traffic, and try
and avoid fishing at the terminations.

(Q) Would you fish in a traffic separation scheme?

(a) This is a personnel question, there is a lot of large traffic there; you would
be putting your crew and vessel into dangerous situations.
(Q) Could a supertanker leave a lane at 90 degrees come into the inshore zone to a
pilot station, pick up a pilot and then cross to the opposite inshore zone at 90
degrees?
(a) No, he would have to leave the lane at a small an angle as possible to the
lanes.

(Q) If you�re in a power-driven vessel, crossing a scheme and on your port bow is
another power-driven vessel in a lane, the bearing are steady and the distance is
closing, what are you going to do?
(a) First find out length of vessel you are in.

(Q) Does it matter what size the power-driven vessel is that you�re in?
(a) Yes, if under 20 metres and crossing a lane, then you would have to give way to
every vessel in the lane.

(Q) Your in a 30 metres power-driven vessel crossing a lane, and there is a power-
driven vessel on your port bow in a lane, the bearings are steady and the distance
is closing, what are you going to do?
(a) Stand-on with caution, maintaining your course and speed

(Q) How would the power-driven vessel leave the lane?

(a) He would make an early and bold alteration to starboard sounding 1 short blast
on the whistle indicating he is altering to starboard.

(Q) Would he line up your stern and go around it?

(a) No, this would be a close quarter situation and could make you alter your
course and put into a collision course with another vessel.

(Q) After the vessel came around your stern, how would he get back into the lane?
(a) At a small angle as possible to the general flow of traffic.

(Q) If you where in any vessel, just outside the scheme, would you manoeuvre here?
(a) No, it says if not using the scheme, then to give it a wide a margin as
possible.

(Q) If you�re fishing in a lane, and there is a power-driven vessel overtaking you,
what are you going to do?
(a) Stand-on with caution, you have to use rule 13 Overtaking.

(Q) If you�re crossing a lane in a fishing vessel and any vessel is on your port
bow in a lane, the bearings are steady and the distance is closing, what are you
going to do?
(a) If you�re crossing and the bearings are steady, then you have to give-way to
all vessels in a lane.

Short cut to remember which vessels use the inshore zone and the separation zone
Vessels that can use Inshore Zone
Vessels that can use the Separation Zone
3 boats + P.P.AID FACID
Fishing
Sailing
PDV under 20 metres
Boats going from Port to Port
Boats anchoring
Boats leaving the lane to avoid immediate danger
Also
Vessels restricted in her ability to manoeuvre laying cables/buoys Fishing
Vessels
Vessels going into Anchor
Crossing vessels
Boats leaving the lane to avoid immediate danger
Also
Vessels restricted in her ability to manoeuvre laying cables/buoys
(Q) On a sailing vessel, what is deemed as the windward side?
(a) Opposite side to which the main sail is carried, windward side is usually the
port side of the vessel.

Rule 13 Overtaking.

(Q) What�s classed as an overtaking vessel?

(a) When you�re coming up on another vessel MORE than 22.5 degrees abaft the beam.

(Q) What light will you see at night if you�re overtaking another vessel?
(a) The sternlight of the other vessel.

(Q) What are your priorities when overtaking another vessel?

(a) To keep well clear of the vessel being overtaken until well past and clear.

(Q) What distance would you say is well past and clear?
(a) At least 4 miles.

(Q) If you�re overtaking another vessel and now you�re abeam of the other vessel
are you overtaking or crossing?
(a) You�re still an overtaking vessel until well past and clear

(Q) If you�re in any vessel and any vessel is overtaking you what would you do?
(a) Stand-on with caution keeping your course and speed.

(Q) If you�re coming up on a vessel at 22.5 degrees abaft the beam, are you a
crossing vessel or overtaking vessel?
(a) You�re a crossing vessel, the word MORE is missing.

(Q) If you�re overtaking a vessel, you�re on his starboard quarter and the other
vessel is on your stem, what action will you take?
(a) Take the shortest course, sound 2 short blasts on the whistle and make an early
and bold alteration to port and go around the other vessel�s stern.

(Q) If you�re overtaking a vessel, you�re on his port quarter and the other vessel
is on your stem, what action will you take?
(a) Take the shortest course, sound 1 short blast on the whistle and make an early
and bold alteration to starboard and go around the other vessel�s stern.

(Q) If you�re coming up on a vessel, and one minute you�re seeing his sternlight,
then his sidelight, then his sternlight, is this a crossing situation or an
overtaking situation?
(a) This is an overtaking situation.

Rule 14 Head-on Situations.

(Q) According to the rule, what types of vessels do you need?

(a) 2 power-driven vessels.

(Q) In a head-on situation between 2 power-driven vessels, how do you know it�s a
head-on situation at night?
(a) Because you would see his masthead light in between his sidelights.

(Q) What action will you take with 2 power-driven vessels in a head-on situation?
(a) Both vessels will sound 1 short blast on the whistle and make an early and bold
alteration to starboard.

(Q) What action will you take if you�re in a power-driven vessel, and in a head-on
situation with a fishing vessel, also what action would the fishing vessel take?
(a) You will sound 1 short blast on the whistle and make an early and bold
alteration to starboard, the fishing vessel will stand-on with caution because he
is most hampered.

Rule 15 Crossing Situations.

(Q) What type of vessels do you need for this rule?

(a) 2 power-driven vessels.

(Q) How do you know who is the give way vessel in a crossing situation?
(a) You�re the give way vessel if you have another power-driven vessel on your
starboard side.

Rule 16. Action by Give way Vessels.

(Q) If you were the Give way vessel, what action would you take?
(a) Make an early and bold alteration of course, you could slow down, stop your
vessel or come astern, but if plenty of distance, an alteration is the best means
to avoid a collision.

Rule 17. Action by Stand-on Vessels.

(Q) If you�re the stand-on vessel, what action will you take?
(a) Stand-on with caution, keeping your course and speed.

(Q) If the Give way vessel were standing on, what warning signal would you give
him?
(a) 5 or more short and rapid blasts on the whistle, to indicate that you are
unsure of his intentions.

(Q) If you�re in a power-driven vessel, and on your port bow there is another
power-driven vessel, who is standing-on, collision course, you�ve gave him 5 or
more short and rapid blasts on the whistle, you got no response from him, what
action will you take now?
(a) Make an early and bold alteration away from him, in this case, 1 short blast on
the whistle and an early and bold alteration to starboard and show him your
sternlight.

(Q) If you�re in a fishing vessel, and on your starboard bow is a sailing vessel,
who is standing-on, collision course, you�ve gave him 5 or more short and rapid
blasts on the whistle, you got no response from him, what action will you take now?
(a) Make an early and bold alteration away from him, in this case, 2 short blasts
on the whistle and make an early and bold alteration to port.

(Q) What actions for the stand-on vessel if the give way vessel stands-on?
(a) If the give way vessel stands on; the stand-on vessel may alter course (outside
4 miles � Rule of thumb distance) (inside 4 miles � Rule of thumb distance) If in a
close quarter situation and the give way vessel stands on; the stand-on vessel
shall alter course.

Rule 18. Responsibilities between vessels.

(Q) If you are in a power-driven vessel, there are 6 vessels that you should give
way to, name them?
A power-driven vessel on your starboard bow.
A sailing vessel
A fishing vessel
A vessel not under command
A vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre
If the circumstances of the case admit, a vessel constrained by her draught.
(Q) If you are in a fishing vessel, then you have to give way to 4 vessels, name
them?
A fishing vessel on your starboard bow
A vessel not under command
A vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre
If the circumstances of the case admit, a vessel constrained by her draught.
(Q) If you�re in a power-driven vessel, or fishing vessel, would you stand-on or
give way to a vessel constrained by her draught?
(a) Your best to Give way to a vessel constrained by her draught.

(Q) Is there any rule that says you should try to avoid impeding the safe passage
of a vessel constrained by her draught?
(a) Yes, Rule 18d part (1) says any vessel other than a vessel not under command or
a vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre, shall if the circumstances of the
case admit avoid impeding the safe passage of a vessel constrained by her draught.

(Q) Usually what type of vessel would a vessel constrained by her draught be?
(a) Very large supertanker carrying crude oil.

(Q) So what would happen if you stood-on to a vessel constrained by her draught?
(a) She could easily go aground and tear the bottom out of her hull, causing a
major ecological disaster, killing all seabirds, covering the coastline with oil,
pollution at its worst.

A power-driven vessel gives way to�� A fishing vessel gives way to��.
3 Big
2 small
1 awkward Restricted in her ability to manoeuvre
Not under command

Constrained by her draught

Sailing

Fishing
A power-driven vessel on your own starboard side

3 Big
1 awkward Restricted in her ability to manoeuvre
Not under command

Constrained by her draught

A fishing vessel on your own starboard side

Rule 19. Conduct of vessels in Restricted Visibility.

(Q) What does Rule 19 mean to you?

(a) This Rule applies to all vessels in or near an area of Restricted Visibility.
IN OTHER WORDS: � (THERE ARE NO STAND_ON VESSELS IN RESTRICTED VISIBILITY)

(Q) What would you say a safe speed was in Restricted visibility?
(a) A speed that you could stop your vessel in half the visible distance you could
see, so you could alter using Rule 19 (d) parts (i) and (ii)
(Q) What does part (a) say?
(a) This Rule Applies to all vessels in or near an area of restricted visibility

(Q) What does part (b) say?

(a) Go at a safe speed and have your engines ready for immediate manoeuvre�s

(Q) What does part (c) say?

(a) Have Due regards to the prevailing condition

(Q) What does Rule 19 (d) say?

(a) A vessel which detects by radar alone the presence of another vessel shall
determine if a close-quarter situation is developing and/or risk of collision
exists. if so she shall take avoiding action in ample time, providing that when
such action consists of an alteration of course, so far as possible the following
shall be avoided

(Q) What does Rule 19 (d) Part (i) say?

(a) Avoid an alteration to port for a vessel forward of the beam, other than for a
vessel being overtaken

(Q) What does Rule 19 (d) Part (ii) say?

(a) Avoid an alteration towards a vessel abeam or abaft the beam

(Q) What does Rule 19 (e) say?

(a) Except where it has been determined that a
every vessel which hears apparently forward of
vessel, or which cannot avoid a close-quarters
forward of her beam, shall reduce her speed to
on her course. Shall if necessary take all her
with extreme caution until danger of collision
risk of collision does not exist,
her beam, the fog signal of another
situation with another vessel
a minimum at which she can be kept
way off and in any event navigate
is over.

Rule 23. Power-Driven Vessels

(Q) A Power-driven Vessel � UNDERWAY, what Navigation Lights does he switch off if
he is stopped and making no-way through the water?
(a) None, he is not entitled to switch off any Navigation Lights

(Q) What is classed as Navigation Lights?

(a) Sidelights (Port & Starboard), Sternlight, and if entitled to them Masthead
light(s)

(Q) What vessels are not entitled to masthead lights if the vessel is Underway?
(a) Three vessels;

Fishing vessel other than Trawling (Red Light over a White Light � 2 metres apart)
Not Under Command (Red light over a Red Light � 2 metres apart)
A Vessel engaged in Pilotage duties (White light over a Red Light � 2 metres apart)
(Q) How can you tell a Power-driven vessel is Makingway?
(a) By taking a series of Compass, Radar & Visual Bearings (visual Bearings being
most accurate)

Rule 34. Manoeuvring and Warning Signals

(Q) 1,2,3 & 5 Short and Rapid blasts on the ships whistle, what condition of
visibility are these sound signals used?
(a) When vessels are in sight of one another

(Q) Does that mean clear visibility?

(a) No, you can still see a vessel when it is hazy, when you can see the vessel
visually then you use this Rule and not Rule 35. Sound Signals in Restricted
Visibility

(Q) In a Narrow Channel, a vessel sounds 2 Prolonged Blasts followed by 1 short

blast (Morse �G� � Golf), what does he intend to do?
(a) He wants to Overtake your Starboard side and he is awaiting your answer for you
to agree for him to pass

(Q) In a Narrow Channel, a vessel sounds 2 Prolonged Blasts followed by 2 short

blast (Morse �Z� � Zulu), what does he intend to do?
(a) He wants to Overtake your Port side and he is awaiting your answer for you to
agree for him to pass

(Q) What sound signal would you reply with if you agreed with the overtaking
manoeuvre?
(a) (Morse �C� � Charlie) 1 Prolonged blast followed by 1 short blast followed by 1
prolonged blast followed by 1 short blast on the ships whistle

(Q) What would you sound if you disagreed to be overtaken in a narrow channel?
(a) You�d sound 5 or more short and rapid blasts on the ships whistle, you can also
flash a light 5 or more times

(Q) In a Narrow channel, your coming towards a bend in the channel, what warning
signal will you sound?
(a) One prolonged blast on the ships whistle

(Q) If I was coming around the bend towards you, what warning signal would I sound?
(a) One prolonged blast on the ships whistle

(Q) You�re on a collison course with another vessel, you�re the stand-on vessel,
the giveway vessel is standing-on, what warning signal will you sound?
(a) You�ll sound 5 or more short and rapid blasts on the ships whistle

Rule 35. Sound signals in Restricted Visibility

(Q) A vessel engaged in Pilotage duties, what is his identity signal?

(a) He may sound 4 short and rapid blasts on the ships whistle

(Q) May he sound the identity signal when vessels are in sight of one another?
(a) No, this is only to be sounded in Restricted Visibility

(Q) Is there a time length for the Pilots identity signal (I.E. not exceeding 2
minutes)?
(a) No, there is no time limit, he may sound the identity signal as and when he
wants

(Q) Name the vessels with a hampered fog signal (1 Prolonged and 2 short)?
(i) Sailing Vessel
(ii) Fishing vessels (Trawler & Fishing other than Trawling)
(iii) Not Under command
(iv) Restricted in her ability to manoeuvre
(v) Constrained by her Draught
(vi) Minesweeper
(vii) Vessel engaged in towing
(viii) Restricted in her ability to manoeuvre engaged in towing
(ix) A vessel engaged in pushing another vessel ahead
(x) A Fishing vessel other than trawling fishing while at anchor (Anchor Seine-net)
(xi) Restricted in her ability to manoeuvre while at anchor
(Q) A Power-driven vessel has 2 different Fog signals, what are they?
(a) If Underway � Two Prolonged blasts on the ships whistle at intervals not
exceeding two minutes
If Makingway � One Prolonged blast on the ships whistle at intervals not exceeding
two minutes

(Q) A Short Blast � How long does it last for?

(a) One second

(Q) A Prolonged Blast � How long does it last for?

(a) Between 4 � 6 Seconds

(Q) What is the complete sound signal for a vessel engaged in towing another vessel
that is manned?
(a) The towing vessel will sound 1 prolonged blast followed by 2 short blasts on
the ships whistle, the vessel being towed will immediately sound 1 prolonged blast
followed by 3 short blasts on the ships whistle, all within 2 minutes

(Q) A vessel at anchor (under 100 metres), what is his fog signal?
(a)A rapid ringing on the bell (forward) for 5 seconds at intervals not exceeding 1
minute

(Q) A vessel at anchor (Over 100 metres), what is his fog signal?
(a) A rapid ringing on the bell for 5 (forward) seconds, then A rapid ringing on
the gong (aft) for 5 seconds at intervals not exceeding 1 minute

(Q) A vessel at anchor has a warning signal he may use to alert you of a possible
collision, what is it?

(a) He may sound (Morse �R� � Romeo) 1 short blast followed by 1 prolonged blast
followed by 1 short blast

(Q) A vessel aground (Under 100 metres), what is his fog signal?
(a) 3 distinct strokes on the bell, followed by a rapid ringing on the bell for 5
seconds, followed by 3 distinct strokes on the bell (bell is forward in the ship)
at intervals not exceeding 1 minute

(Q) A vessel aground (Over 100 metres), what is his fog signal?
(a) 3 distinct strokes on the bell, followed by a rapid ringing on the bell for 5
seconds, followed by 3 distinct strokes on the bell followed by (bell is forward in
the ship) a rapid ringing on the gong (gong is aft in the ship) for 5 seconds at
intervals not exceeding 1 minute

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