See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.

net/publication/337485900

Constitutive Modelling of Solid Continua

Book · November 2019

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-31547-4

CITATIONS READS

0 2

2 authors, including:

Jose Merodio
Universidad Politécnica de Madrid
121 PUBLICATIONS   1,420 CITATIONS   

SEE PROFILE

Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects:

Modeling of Vascular and Avascular Tumor Growth View project

Multiscale modelling of soft biological tissue: from micromechanics to macromechics including growth, remodelling and residual stresses View project

All content following this page was uploaded by Jose Merodio on 29 November 2019.

The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file.

Solid Mechanics and Its Applications

Volume 262

Founding Editor
G. M. L. Gladwell, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada

Series Editors
J. R. Barber, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan,
Ann Arbor, MI, USA
Anders Klarbring, Mechanical Engineering, Linköping University, Linköping,
Sweden
The fundamental questions arising in mechanics are: Why?, How?, and How much?
The aim of this series is to provide lucid accounts written by authoritative
researchers giving vision and insight in answering these questions on the subject of
mechanics as it relates to solids. The scope of the series covers the entire spectrum
of solid mechanics. Thus it includes the foundation of mechanics; variational
formulations; computational mechanics; statics, kinematics and dynamics of rigid
and elastic bodies; vibrations of solids and structures; dynamical systems and
chaos; the theories of elasticity, plasticity and viscoelasticity; composite materials;
rods, beams, shells and membranes; structural control and stability; soils, rocks and
geomechanics; fracture; tribology; experimental mechanics; biomechanics and
machine design. The median level of presentation is the first year graduate student.
Some texts are monographs defining the current state of the field; others are
accessible to final year undergraduates; but essentially the emphasis is on
readability and clarity.
Springer and Professors Barber and Klarbring welcome book ideas from
authors. Potential authors who wish to submit a book proposal should contact
Dr. Mayra Castro, Senior Editor, Springer Heidelberg, Germany, email:
mayra.castro@springer.com
Indexed by SCOPUS, Ei Compendex, EBSCO Discovery Service, OCLC,
ProQuest Summon, Google Scholar and SpringerLink.

More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/6557

José Merodio Raymond Ogden
•

Editors

Constitutive Modelling
of Solid Continua

123
Editors
José Merodio Raymond Ogden
Department of Continuum Mechanics School of Mathematics and Statistics
and Structures, Escuela de Caminos, University of Glasgow
Canales y Puertos Glasgow, UK
Universidad Politécnica de Madrid
Madrid, Spain

ISSN 0925-0042 ISSN 2214-7764 (electronic)

Solid Mechanics and Its Applications
ISBN 978-3-030-31546-7 ISBN 978-3-030-31547-4 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31547-4
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part
of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations,
recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission
or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar
methodology now known or hereafter developed.
The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this
publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from
the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.
The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this
book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the
authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained
herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard
to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG
The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
Preface

Complex problems in the mechanics of solid materials in a wide range of appli-

cations require detailed knowledge of the structure and properties of the materials,
which are provided by constitutive models of the materials and their constituents at
different length scales. Multiscale modelling is essential for improving the influence
of material structure on macroscopic behaviour, such as the constitutive models
used in the biomechanics of soft biological tissues, the multi-physics of the
so-called smart materials and many applications that involve fluid–structure inter-
actions and thermo-, electro- and/or magneto-mechanical coupling. For different
materials and different areas of application within science and engineering, the
solution and simulation of complex problems require the use of advanced numerical
methods, but these methods can only be as good as the constitutive models on
which they depend. Thus, the possibility of obtaining solutions using modern
computational methods requires the development of sophisticated multiscale con-
stitutive modelling.
This motivates the genesis of this volume on the Constitutive Modelling of Solid
Continua, which arose in discussions during the international workshop on
Modelling of Nonlinear Continua held in the Centro Internacional de Encuentros
Matemáticos, Castro Urdiales, Spain in June 2017 organized by the two of us. It
was felt that there was a need for a collection of articles that describe the different
types of behaviour that solids can undergo as a reference source from the per-
spective of theoretical continuum mechanics, covering, in particular, the constitu-
tive developments of nonlinear elasticity, thermomechanics, viscoelasticity,
plasticity, damage, growth, electromechanical interactions, porous material
mechanics and the techniques of homogenization for treating composites and
multiscale applications.
It is the purpose of this volume to bring together such a collection, comprised of
12 chapters prepared by carefully selected leading experts. The content of each
chapter is now discussed briefly.
Chapter “Basic Equations of Continuum Mechanics” provides an outline of the
main features of the equations and principles of nonlinear continuum mechanics,
which form the foundations for the constitutive theories elaborated in the other

v
vi Preface

chapters, while chapter “Finite Deformation Elasticity Theory” takes this on board
and develops the theory of nonlinear elasticity, in particular, the general framework
for the description of constitutive equations, thus underpinning the basic principles
of constitutive theory adopted in the remaining chapters.
Chapter “Thermomechanics” deals with the basic principles of constitutive
equations for theormomechanics within the framework of the laws of theromody-
namics, with application to non-dissipative materials (ideal fluids and elastic solids)
and dissipative materials, including damage mechanics, viscoelasticity and ther-
moviscoplasticity. Next, chapter “Viscoelastic Solids” describes the characteristic
time-dependent features of viscoelastic material response and then goes on to
examine the constitutive description of both linear and viscoelastic behaviours.
Chapter “A Primer on Plasticity” provides a development of the modern theory
of finite elastoplasticity, with emphasis on, in particular, the elastic and plastic
decomposition of the deformation, dissipation and material symmetry. The coupled
fields of electrostatics and nonlinear elasticity are the subject of chapter “Nonlinear
Constitutive Modeling of Electroelastic Solids”, which develops the nonlinear
theory of electroelastic interactions, including the governing equations and con-
stitutive theory, along with applications to illustrative boundary-value problems.
We note that the corresponding theory of nonlinear magnetoelastic interactions is
not considered separately in this volume since the equations follow a parallel
pattern and the reader is referred to the book by Dorfmann and Ogden [1] for
detailed coverage of this topic.
Chapter “A Review of Implicit Constitutive Theories to Describe the Response
of Elastic Bodies” contains a treatment of the relatively new topic of implicit
constitutive relations, which began with the nonlinear (implicit) theory of elasticity
and was then extended to incorporate electroelastic, magnetoelastic and thero-
moelastic couplings. The theory is exemplified by the solution of a limited number
of boundary-value problems for specific implicit constitutive equations.
Chapter “Continuum Damage Mechanics—Modelling and Simulation” focuses
on general modelling aspects of continuum damage mechanics, including appli-
cation to isotropic and anisotropic damage with a view to finite element simulation,
illustrated with numerical examples. From damage mechanics, we move on to
another application of constitutive theory in chapter “Theories of Growth” which
requires a fundamental reformulation of the classical equations of continuum
mechanics described in chapter “Basic Equations of Continuum Mechanics”, this
being concerned with the processes of growth and remodelling and associated
phenomena, including ageing.
In the context of the finite deformation of composite materials, chapter “Finite-
Strain Homogenization Models for Anisotropic Dielectric Elastomer Composites”
is concerned with homogenization, that is determining the effective overall prop-
erties of composite materials based on the constitutive properties and geometry
of their constituents. The method of homogenization is exemplified by application
to dielectric elastomer composites with rigid dielectric inclusions on the basis of the
nonlinear theory of electroelasticity discussed in chapter “Nonlinear Constitutive
Modeling of Electroelastic Solids”.
Preface vii

In chapter “Porosity and Diffusion in Biological Tissues. Recent Advances and

Further Perspectives”, after a review of porosity and diffusion in biological tissues, a
derivation of the equations of poroelasticity is provided using asymptotic homog-
enization based on the material microstructure with a view to eliciting the complex
interplay between porosity and diffusion, including aspects of growth and remod-
elling. The final chapter, “Multiscale Homogenization for Linear Mechanics”,
continues the theme of homogenization, in particular, asymptotic homogenization of
heterogeneous materials within a multiscale framework, with applications to fibrous
materials and wavy laminated composites.
This volume covers topics that are in the mainstream of current research in solid
mechanics and interactions with other fields and provides an overview of the state
of the art in several areas, pointers to the literature and the needs for further
developments. It is aimed primarily at researchers who have a reasonable back-
ground in continuum mechanics and some area of solid mechanics, and provides an
entry into other areas to enable the scope of their knowledge in solid mechanics to
be broadened. It will also provide a valuable source of background information for
Ph.D. students embarking on research in challenging and exciting areas of solid
mechanics and their interactions with other fields.
The editors are, especially, grateful to all the authors of the chapters herein who
have dedicated much time and expertise to the preparation of the individual
chapters.

Madrid, Spain José Merodio

Glasgow, UK Raymond Ogden
August 2019

Reference

1. Dorfmann L, Ogden RW (2014) Nonlinear Theory of Electroelastic and Magnetoelastic

Interactions. Springer, New York
Contents

Basic Equations of Continuum Mechanics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

José Merodio and Raymond Ogden
Finite Deformation Elasticity Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
José Merodio and Raymond Ogden
Thermomechanics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Manuel Doblaré and Mohamed H. Doweidar
Viscoelastic Solids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Alan Wineman
A Primer on Plasticity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
David J. Steigmann
Nonlinear Constitutive Modeling of Electroelastic Solids . . . . . . . . . . . 155
Luis Dorfmann and Raymond Ogden
A Review of Implicit Constitutive Theories to Describe the Response
of Elastic Bodies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
Roger Bustamante and Kumbakonam Rajagopal
Continuum Damage Mechanics—Modelling and Simulation . . . . . . . . . 231
Andreas Menzel and Leon Sprave
Theories of Growth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257
Marcelo Epstein
Finite-Strain Homogenization Models for Anisotropic Dielectric
Elastomer Composites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285
Morteza H. Siboni and P. Ponte Castañeda

ix
x Contents

Porosity and Diffusion in Biological Tissues. Recent Advances

and Further Perspectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311
Raimondo Penta, Laura Miller, Alfio Grillo, Ariel Ramírez-Torres,
Pietro Mascheroni and Reinaldo Rodríguez-Ramos
Multiscale Homogenization for Linear Mechanics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 357
Reinaldo Rodríguez-Ramos, Ariel Ramírez-Torres,
Julián Bravo-Castillero, Raúl Guinovart-Díaz, David Guinovart-Sanjuán,
Oscar L. Cruz-González, Federico J. Sabina, José Merodio
and Raimondo Penta
Contributors

Julián Bravo-Castillero Instituto de Investigaciones en Matemáticas Aplicadas y

en Sistemas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, Mexico
Roger Bustamante Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universidad de
Chile, Santiago, Chile
Oscar L. Cruz-González Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, Centrale Marseille,
LMA, Marseille Cedex 13, France
Manuel Doblaré Aragón Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), University of
Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
Luis Dorfmann School of Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
Mohamed H. Doweidar Aragón Institute of Engineering Research (I3A),
University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
Marcelo Epstein Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering,
University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
Alfio Grillo Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche “G. L. Lagrange”, Politecnico
di Torino, Turin, Italy
Raúl Guinovart-Díaz Departamento de Matemáticas, Facultad de Matemática y
Computación, Universidad de La Habana, La Habana, CP, Cuba
David Guinovart-Sanjuán Department of Mathematics, University of Central
Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
Pietro Mascheroni Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology
(BRICS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Braunschweig, Germany
Andreas Menzel Department of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Mechanics,
Dortmund, Germany;
Division of Solid Mechanics, Department of Construction Sciences, Lund
University, Lund, Sweden

xi
 xii Contributors

José Merodio Departamento de Mecánica de los Medios Continuos y T.

Estructuras, E.T.S.I de Caminos, Canales y Puertos, Universidad Politécnica de
Madrid, Madrid, CP, Spain;
Department of Continuum Mechanics and Structures, Escuela de Caminos, Canales
y Puertos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
Laura Miller School of Mathematics and Statistics, Mathematics and Statistics
Building, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow, UK
Raymond Ogden School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Glasgow,
University Place, Glasgow, UK
Raimondo Penta School of Mathematics and Statistics, Mathematics and
Statistics Building, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow, UK
P. Ponte Castañeda Department of Mechanical Engineering and Applied
Mechanics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
Kumbakonam Rajagopal Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of
Texas A&M, College Station, Austin, TX, USA
Ariel Ramírez-Torres Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche “G. L. Lagrange”,
Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy
Reinaldo Rodríguez-Ramos Departamento de Matemáticas, Facultad de
Matemática y Computación, Universidad de La Habana, Havana, CP, Cuba
Federico J. Sabina Instituto de Investigaciones en Matemáticas Aplicadas y en
Sistemas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, Mexico
Morteza H. Siboni Department of Mechanical Engineering and Applied
Mechanics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
Leon Sprave Department of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Mechanics,
Dortmund, Germany
David J. Steigmann Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of
California, Berkeley, CA, USA
Alan Wineman University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA

View publication stats