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Biotechnology Engineering
Subject:
English Class
Student:
Edgar Fernando Asiain Hernandez
Professor:
Elda Herrera
Group:
IB 1001
Introduction to biotechnology
organisms has allowed its modification to get benefits for humanity. The molecular biology plays
an important role in the genetic modification providing information about the genetic code inside
the cells. The cells are smallest unit of life capable of independent existence. The genetic
instructions are inside the nucleus in the form of chromosomes. The chromosomes are composed
of DNA chains and when they are expressed control the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics
in an organism.
Knowing the genetic mechanism has allowed the introduction of new genes in the
organism creating and improving organisms with phenotypic and genotypic characteristics
different from the original species. These organisms are called transgenic.
In agriculture, transferring modified DNA to a plant has different objectives being one of
the main ones the increase food production and quality thanks to the addition of new features
such as resilience, herbicide resistance, harvestable quantity, flavor, nourishing quality and
bacteria, viruses and fungi, which affects their physical and organoleptic characteristics as well
as influencing their growth. There are chemicals against these pests, however, they are normally
harmful to the consumer. The update of resistance genes in plants is usually more useful because
Biotechnology has not only been applied in plants. In animals, it has been used for the
cloning of animals such as sheeps and pigs, in order to use the organs of the clones to transfer
ESSAY ABOUT BIOTECHNOLOGY 3
conferring new beneficial characteristics for humanity. In agriculture, it has allowed the creation
productivity, quality and resilience. In animals, cloning can be a long-term tool that could reduce
the costs of animal production, produce organs and tissues for transplants in humans as well as
transgenic molecules for human consumption. The reduction in the cost of molecular biology
techniques will allow biotechnology to have a greater reach in less time, improving the quality of
life in the world. The next step for biotechnology is its application in human genetic
modification, which could reduce diseases, especially those of hereditary origin, however, an
ethical debate must be passed to deduce the effects in the short and long term. We are probably
at the beginning of a new era where the quality of life will be greater every time or where only