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Sector:AGRICULTURE

Qualification Title: ORGANIC AGRICULTURE PRODUCTION

Unit of Competency: RAISE ORGANIC CHICKEN

Module Title: RAISING ORGANIC CHICKEN

Ed. Tabuñar’s Farm Learning Site


Ballesteros, Cagayan
(Qualification Title)
COMPETENCY-BASED LEARNING MATERIALS

List of Competencies

No. Unit of Competency Module Title Code

Raise organic Raising Organic AGR612301


1.
chicken Chicken

Produce organic Producing Organic AGR611306


2.
vegetables Vegetables

Produce organic Producing Organic AGR611301


3.
fertilizer Fertilizers

Produce organic Producing Organic


4. concoctions and Concoctions and AGR611302
extracts Extract

Date Developed: Document No.


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Date Revised:
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Raising Organic Chicken Eduardo N. Tabuñar
References/Further Reading

Performance Criteria Checklist


Operation/Task/Job Sheet

Self Check Answer Key

Self Check

Information Sheet

Learning Experiences

Learning Outcome Summary

Module
Module Content
Content

Module
List of Competencies
Content

Module Content

Module Content

Front Page
In our efforts to standardize CBLM, the
above parts are recommended for use in
Competency Based Training (CBT) in
Technical Education and Skills
Development Authority (TESDA)
Technology Institutions. The next
sections will show you the components
and features of each part.

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Raising Organic Chicken Eduardo N. Tabuñar
MODULE CONTENT

UNIT OF COMPETENCY: Raise Organic Chicken

MODULE TITLE: Raising Organic Chicken

MODULE DESCRIPTOR: This unit covers the knowledge, skills and


attitudes required to raise organic chicken efficiently and effectively. It
includes selecting healthy stocks, determine suitable chicken house
requirements, install cage equipment, feed chicken, and manage health and
growth of chicken and harvesting activities.

NOMINAL DURATION:

LEARNING OUTCOMES:
At the end of this module you MUST be able to:
 Select healthy stocks and suitable housing
 Set-up cage equipment
 Feed chicken
 Grow and harvest chicken

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
o Breed/strains breeds are identified as per PNS-Organic
Agriculture-Livestock and GAHP Guidelines
o Healthy chicks are selected based on industry acceptable
indicator for healthy chicks.
o Suitable site for chicken house are determined based on PNS
recommendations.
o Chicken house design is prepared based PNS recommendations.
o House equipment installation design is prepared in line with PNS
recommendation and actual scenario.
o House equipment are installed in line with housing equipment
installation design
o Bedding materials are secured based on availability in the locality
o Bedding is prepared in accordance with housing equipment
housing design
o Brooding facility is set-up in accordance with the housing
equipment installation design.

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Raising Organic Chicken Eduardo N. Tabuñar
o Suitable feed materials are selected based on availability in the
locality and nutrient requirements of chicken.
o Feed materials are prepared following enterprise prescribed
formulation.
o Animals are fed based on feeding management program.
o Feeding is monitored following enterprise procedure.
o Growth rate is monitored based on enterprise procedures.
o Health care program are implemented based on enterprise
procedures.
o Organic waste for fertilizer formulation are collected.
o Suitable chicken for harvest are selected based on market
specifications.
o Production record is accomplished according to enterprise
procedure

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LEARNING OUTCOME NO. 1
(Select healthy stocks and suitable housing)
Contents:

1. Different breeds/strain breeds of chicken


2. PNS-Organic Agriculture Livestock and GAHP Guidelines
3. Indicators in selecting healthy chicks
Assessment Criteria

1. Breed/strains breeds are identified as per PNS-Organic Agriculture-


Livestock and GAHP Guidelines
2. Healthy chicks are selected based on industry acceptable indicator for
healthy chicks.
3. Suitable site for chicken house are determined based on PNS
recommendations
4. Chicken house design is prepared based PNS recommendations.
5. House equipment installation design is prepared in line with PNS
recommendation and actual scenario.
Conditions
The participants will have access to:

1. Identify breed/strain breeds as per PNS-Organic Agriculture-Livestock


and GAHP Guidelines.
2. Select healthy chicks base on industry acceptable indicator for healthy
chicks.
3. Determine suitable site for chicken house base on PNS
recommendations.
4. Prepare chicken house design base on PNS recommendations.
5. Prepare house equipment installation design in line with PNS
recommendation and actual scenario.
Assessment Method:

1. Written Examination
2. Demonstration with oral questioning
3. Interview

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Date Revised:
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Raising Organic Chicken Eduardo N. Tabuñar
Learning Experiences

Learning Outcome 1
(SELECT HEALTHY STOCKS AND SUITABLE HOUSING)

Learning Activities Special Instructions


Read Information Sheet No. In terms of problems relating to the subject
1.1-1 on Identifying Breed/ matter or topic do not hesitate to approach
Strain Breeds your trainer. Ask queries if you are in doubt for
clarification or verification. If you feel you are
knowledgeable on Identifying Breed/Strain
Breeds you can answer Self-Check 1.1-1.
Answer Self- check No. 1.1-1 If you scored 100% upon comparing your
answer to the Answer Key of Self-Check 2.1-1,
you may now proceed to Information Sheet 1.1-
2, if not review the information sheet and go
over the Self-Check again.
Read Information No.1.1-2 on Listen attentively so that you may be able to
Selecting Healthy Chicks acquire the information on Selecting Healthy
Chicks. Ask queries if you are in doubt for
clarification or verification. If you feel you are
knowledgeable on Selecting Healthy Chicks.
Answer Self- check No. 1.1-2 If you scored 100% upon comparing your
answer to the Answer Key of Self-Check 1.1-2,
you may now proceed to Information Sheet 1.1-
3, if not review the information sheet and go
over the Self-Check again.
Demonstrate task sheet 1.1-2 In terms of problems relating to the subject
on how to select healthy matter or topic do not hesitate to approach
chicks. Based on standard your trainer. Ask queries if you are in doubt for
provide trainee’s material to clarification or verification. If you feel you are
practice the task. knowledgeable on demonstrating on how to
select healthy chicks you can answer Task
Sheet No. 1.1-2.
Perform Task Sheet No. 1.1-2 Check accomplished work against
(Selection of Stock on Raise performance criteria checklist 1.1-2. Request
Organic Chicken) assistance to your trainer to check your
accomplishment. Ask your trainer to evaluate
you. The results of your assessment will be
recorded in your progress chart and
achievement chart.

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Read Information No. 1.1-3 In terms of problems relating to the subject
on Determining Chicken matter or topic do not hesitate to approach
House your trainer. Ask queries if you are in doubt for
clarification or verification. If you feel you are
knowledgeable on determining chicken house
proceed to self-check 1.1-3.
Answer Self-check No. 1.1-3 If you scored 100% upon comparing your
answer to the Answer Key of Self-Check 1.1-3,
if not review the information sheet and go over
the Self-Check again.
Read Information No. 1.1-4 In terms of problems relating to the subject
on Preparing Chicken House matter or topic do not hesitate to approach
your trainer. Ask queries if you are in doubt for
clarification or verification. If you feel you are
knowledgeable on preparing chicken house
proceed to self-check 1.1-4
Answer Self- check No. 1.1-4 If you scored 100% upon comparing your
answer to the Answer Key of Self-Check 1.1-
4, if not review the information sheet and go
over the Self-Check again.
Read Information No. 1.1-5 In terms of problems relating to the subject
on Preparing House matter or topic do not hesitate to approach
Equipment your trainer. Ask queries if you are in doubt
for clarification or verification. If you feel you
are knowledgeable on Preparing House
Equipment proceed to self-check 1.1-5.
Answer Self-check No. 1.1-5 If you scored 100% upon comparing your
answer to the Answer Key of Self-Check 1.1-
5, if not review the information sheet and go
over the Self-Check again.

Date Developed: Document No.


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Date Revised:
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Raising Organic Chicken Eduardo N. Tabuñar
Information Sheet 1.1-1
Selecting Healthy Stocks

Learning Objectives:
After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to:
1. Compare and contrast the four areas of the chicken industry.
2. Select what kind of industry you are going to put up
3. Perform the proper sanitation and security in poultry farms

The chicken industry is a large commercial industry. It is a very


sophisticated business-oriented industry through vertical integration. This
has allowed the poultry industry to become very efficient in every aspect of
the production and processing of birds and eggs. It has also allowed for
producers to work with companies to raise high-quality poultry products
Chicken Industry
Broiler production, egg production,
replacement pullet, and broiler breeder are
the main categories that make up the
dominant form of poultry production in the
United States. Many of these poultry farms
will look similar from sizes of
environmentally controlled barns to
automated equipment that eases the work
load. Poultry farms will have bulk feed
storage bins, tractors, manure spreaders,
and generators. These farms operate with
strict precautions against diseases.
Some operations use a foot bath at the entrance of each house or require
special clothing and rubber boots to prevent disease contamination. Other
operations do not require any visitors on-site. Vertical integration has allowed
for the chicken industry to focus on these areas and design a production
system that is optimally efficient.

BROILER PRODUCTION
Producing meat is the main focus of the broiler production area in the
chicken industry. This form of production concentrates on growing meat birds
by the fastest and most efficient method possible. Producers will enter into a
company contract, receive birds from a hatchery, and generate broilers to
market weight in about six weeks.

Broiler Facilities
Broilers are typically raised in specialized buildings that are completely
opened inside, allowing the chickens to roam the entire area. Broilers are not
raised in cages. These buildings offer automated heating, ventilation, water,
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and feed systems. The floor used in a broiler production building is an earthen
floor that is covered by “litter.” Litter is an absorbent material that serves as
bedding.

Broiler Production Practices


Cleaning after every
group is essential to ensure
a clean environment for
young birds. Disinfecting
walls and equipment will
prevent disease
contamination. Also,
removing all old litter and
spreading about 2 to 4
inches of clean, dry bedding
on the floor helps prevent
disease. Waste
management is a key
production practice that
must have a particular plan even before poultry buildings are built.
Water quality is a very important factor in raising high-quality, healthy birds.
Some operations use water treatment plans to guarantee the safest, cleanest
water for their growing birds.
When young birds arrive, temperatures should be set at 90° to 92°F, feed in
place, and a record keeping system be set. Once the birds start to grow,
temperatures can be dropped to 65°F for an end temperature of production.
The record keeping system will keep track of feed consumed and delivered,
mortality, vaccination dates, and medications used. Following feeding
schedules and maintaining all equipment during production should be top
priorities for daily care and observation of health are important steps to
maintain a mortality rate of no more than 5 percent. Company representatives
also help producers with feeding schedules and vaccination programs. This
help from the company assures fewer risks for producers and allows them
more time for maintenance of housing and equipment.
Factors Affecting Broiler Production
The factors that affect profitability in broiler production are bird
weights, livability, contract agreements/payments, and cash operating factors
like fuel, litter, electricity, maintenance, and repair. Proper maintenance of
buildings and equipment by the producer instead of contracting these jobs
out will help maintain lower costs. Other factors are consumer demand and
market conditions. This will affect bird placement and schedules. The
producer wants to have his or her buildings full at all times to provide a proper
income. Environmental management practices, like litter distribution, dead
bird disposal, air/water quality, and dust/odor management, can cause an
increase in cost if the producer does not maintain a proper management
system.

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Selecting Broiler Birds
Selection of broiler chicks should come from a reputable hatchery and
express quality broiler strains. It is common to only raise pullet chicks;
however, cockerels will grow more rapidly. Pullets will carry more flesh over
the back and breast than cockerels. This will give the pullets a more rounded
appearance to the breast, thighs, and legs.

EGG PRODUCTION
Egg production
involves the production of
high-quality eggs for
human use. Laying hens
are housed in specifically
designed cages in a sound,
ideal environment.
Typically, the eggs are
collected, cleaned, and
graded on-site. Producers
maintain clean, well-
efficient facilities and try
to get one egg per hen each
day.
Egg Production Facilities
Egg production buildings or layer houses also use automated heating,
ventilation, water, and feed systems. These birds are housed in specially
designed cages that offer comfort and good health to the hens. These cages
provide a feeder tray and water nipple. Below the cages is an automated egg
collecting system.
This system allows eggs to be collected in a very efficient and sanitary manner.
(Courtesy, Mississippi State University)
Egg Production Practices
Raising layers for egg production requires attention to lighting,
temperature, feeding, egg production, and egg collection. It is very important
to provide hens an ideal environment to produce eggs. Control panels within
the building control the lighting program for the hens. Light programs are
important because the length of light hours indicates to the birds when to
begin egg production. When hours of light are increased, hens are brought
into production.
The ideal temperature range for a shell egg layer house is set between 57° and
79 °F.

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Providing full feed to egg-producing hens is a general practice used in egg
production operations. An important production practice is to ensure young
pullets have reached a proper body weight before the onset of laying eggs.
Producers should maintain healthy birds through constant, daily observation
of birds, feeding amounts, and egg production. Records are essential to egg-
producing operations and
should be a top priority.
During egg production,
producers need to keep a
watchful eye on the body
condition of the hens. This
will help the producer to
decide when to molt the flock.
A common production
practice in shell egg layer
houses is to induce molting.
Molting is a period of time
when the birds will shed and
renew their feathers.
There are two types of egg collection systems used in egg production, and
grading to take place at one facility. The off-line system transports the eggs
out of the laying house directly to an egg cooling room and then transported
to an egg processing facility. Most modern egg production operations use an
in-line system. The egg is transported by a conveyer belt to the egg processing
facility. The eggs are washed, inspected, and graded for packaging. Once
packaged, the eggs move to a cooler room at 40° to 45°F and awaits shipment.
Factors Affecting Egg Production
The factors that affect
profitability in egg production are
contract payments/agreements and
cash operating factors like fuel,
electricity, maintenance, and repair.
Other factors, such as hen
productivity, feeding system,
vaccination schedules, and molting,
will also influence profitability.
Companies provide assistance with
feeding and vaccination programs. It is
important to maintain an efficient
system in an egg-producing operation.
Producers must maintain all aspects of
the process, as well as provide a clean,
healthy environment for the hens.

Selecting Egg Production Birds


Selection for egg production should include the following
characteristics: soft, enlarged comb and wattles; wide, moist vent; increased
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distance between the pelvic bones; increased distance between pelvic arch
and keel; velvety skin; and soft, pliable, enlarged abdomen. Characteristics of
a hen that is out of production would include the following: short, hard,
shriveled comb and wattles; small, puckered, and dry vent; little distance
between the pelvic bones; short distance between pelvic arch and keel; tight,
coarse skin; and firm abdomen. There are many more detailed characteristics
for hens in production and should be fully observed before selection.

REPLACEMENT PULLETS
Replacement pullets are raised for egg production. These pullets will
replace hens in current egg production. The pullets are raised until they reach
20 weeks of age by the pullet producer. These birds are then transferred to an
egg production site.

Replacement Pullet Facilities


Replacement pullets are raised in a building that is like a broiler house.
The birds are grown in a similar environment and use similar equipment for
feed and water. Once these birds are ready to come into production, they are
moved to a layer house.

Replacement Pullet Production Practices


Common production practices include maintenance of facilities,
feeding, and daily care of young, growing pullets. Pullet producers grow
specially bred chicks for egg laying production. These chicks are hatched at a
hatchery and are moved to a pullet production operation within a day or two
of being born. The chicks have been vaccinated before arriving at the
operation. Companies are very specific about vaccination programs and are
generally overseen by company representatives. The producer should be ready
for these young chicks with a clean, healthy facility. Feed and high-quality
water should be ready and available.
The pullet production, sometimes referred to as the pullet replacement,
operation will maintain these birds until they are 20 weeks of age. Once the
pullet has reached this age, it will be transferred to a laying farm for egg
production. Pullets typically are mature enough for egg laying at 24 weeks.

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Maintenance of facilities is
similar to the practices of a
broiler operation. Cleaning,
disinfecting, and providing a
safe, healthy environment for
the birds is a top priority.
Temperatures are uniformly.
Providing proper ventilation
is a good production practice
that will also help regulate
appropriate temperature and
remove excess moisture.
Waste management is also a
top production practice and
should be set up before the birds arrive. FIGURE 6. The tires of vehicles
that enter this farm are sanitized to ensure a healthy environment.
Following feeding schedules during production should be a top priority for
the operation. There will be more time required during the early stages of
growth. Daily care and observation of health are important steps to maintain
a healthy and productive flock.
Factors Affecting Pullet Production
The most important factor in pullet production is producing a uniform
flock with proper weights. The uniform flock will be more efficient, have a
higher peak production, and will express their full genetic potential. It is the
responsibility of the grower to ensure a uniform flock under ideal
environmental settings, feeding, and care. Many companies will provide
payment/contract incentives for uniformity and ideal body weight.

Selecting Pullets for Replacement


Pullet replacement chicks should come from a reputable hatchery and
express quality egg laying genetics and traits. As pullets grow, the producer
should have sufficient knowledge in order to identify poor growth in birds. A
good layer must have ideal body condition and attain the proper body weight
to support egg production.

BROILER BREEDERS
Broiler breeders are chickens that are used to produce fertile eggs that
will be hatched to become broilers. These chickens are selected based on
genetic background and their potential to produce high-quality meat birds.

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Breeder Facilities
Broiler breeder facilities need to provide an area for growing, breeding, and
nest boxes. Some broiler
breeder houses have two
levels. The breeding, feeding
area is similar to that of the
broiler production house. The
flooring is covered with litter,
and the birds can roam the
space. The upper level is
designed for the nest boxes.
This is where the hens lay
eggs. These eggs are
transported on a conveyor
belt to the egg collection
room. The eggs are boxed up
and sent to a hatchery.
Automated feeders and waterers are used.

Breeder Production Practices


There are specific production practices that must occur for high-quality
birds to be bred and raised. Breeding bird production includes the daily care
and feeding of the females and males, which are raised in separate buildings.
These operations are contracted out by poultry companies to raise breeder
chicks to adult birds.
The female and male birds are kept separately and raised similar to a broiler
operation. The buildings provide a wide-open space for birds to roam.
Automated feeders and waterers are used. Lighting in these houses is very
important, because the number of light hours affect egg production. It is
crucial to raise hens to a specific weight before production can begin. Once
the female birds are 20 to 25 weeks old, they are moved into the breeder
house. The females will move onto the nest boxes to lay fertile eggs. Once the
egg is laid, it will be transported to an egg collection room by a conveyor belt.
These eggs are boxed and sent to a hatchery.
It is very important to maintain a stress-free environment for these birds.
Reproduction would suffer if anything interrupts their environment. Areas
that are free of noise are an important factor to maintain a low stress
environment, especially in the nesting area. Precisely controlled temperature
and lighting systems are very important to maintain efficient production and
reproduction in a breeder house.
Company representatives assist with the designed feeding program. Males
and females are carefully controlled through feed intake levels, body weight,
and condition. Producing pullets that are ideal in weight and condition will
meet the goal of high egg production. Attention to the health of both males
and females will ensure adequate fertility and production. Carefully controlled

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operations, along with well-detailed recordkeeping, will provide the producer
a highly efficient return.
The producer must provide strict sanitation procedures for effective disease
control. Cleaning and disinfecting the house and equipment are proper
production practices. Maintaining adequate ventilation and clean, dry
bedding will also result in cleaner hatching eggs. Temperatures in a breeder
house typically range from 65° to 75 °F.
Factors Affecting Broiler
Breeder Production
Factors affecting
profitability in breeding bird
production are contract
payments/agreements and
cash operating factors like
fuel, electricity, maintenance,
and repair. Other factors,
such as environmental
settings, feeding system,
vaccination schedules, and
care, will also influence profitability.
Selecting Broiler Breeder Birds
Breeding birds are carefully selected and owned by companies. These
birds will express high-quality meat and rate of growth. Some common
assessments used to identify growth potential are skull width, heart girth,
back flatness/length/breadth, body depth/capacity, breast and keel, weight,
and color. A wide skull is an indicator of growth potential. A good heart girth
and body depth/capacity will indicate enough space for internal organs that
will maximize growth and development. Flat backs are a sign of good bone
development. The examination of the breast and keel will determine good meat
proportions.

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Self- Check 1.1-1

Identification: Write your answer in a sheet of paper provided.


1. What are the similarities of broiler and replacement pullet production?
2. What is some common equipment used on all types of poultry
operation?
3. In a contract agreement with a company, what are the common factors
that affect profitability?
4. How can light affect the production of eggs?
5. What is the difference between an in-line system and an off-line system
in egg production?
Multiple choice: Write your correct answer in a sheet of paper provided?
1. ___________ is the category of chicken industry focus on egg production?
a. Broiler production b. Replacement pullet

c. Broiler breeder d. Egg production

2. Broilers are typically raised in specialized building that are completely


______________ inside allowing chicks to roam?
a. Close b. Half open
c. Open d. Widely open
3. What do we call the period of time when the birds will shed and renew
their feathers?
a. Defeathering b. Molting
c. Renewal of feathers d. Defuse
4. It is the system which transports the eggs out of the laying house
directly to an egg cooling room, this system namely as?
a. Open-line system b. In-line system
c. Close-line system d. Off-line system
5. What are the 4 major categories in chicken production?
a. Broiler production, Layer/Egg production, Replacement Pullet
Production, Broiler Breeder Production
b. Egg Production, Leg Production, Meat Production, Broiler
Production
c. Boiling Production, Breeder Production, Pullet Production, Laying
Production
d. Broiler Production, Replacement Layer Production, Broiler Breeder
Production, Replacement Pullet Production

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ANSWER KEY 1.1-1

Identification:
1. They are grown in a similar environment and use similar equipment
for feed and water.
2. Automated feeding trough and watering trough.
3. Factors affecting profitable
 bird weights
 livability
 contract agreements/payments
 cash operating factors
 like fuel
 litter
 electricity
 maintenance
 repair
4. When hours of light are increased, hens are brought into production.
5. In-line system take the laying, collecting and grading at the same place
while the off-line system transport the egg from laying facility to cooling and
transport to egg processing facility.

Multiple choice

6. D
7. C
8. B
9. D
10. A

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TASK SHEET 1.1-1

Title:

Performance Objective: Given the necessary tools, materials and


equipment, you should be able to perform the
proper selection of healthy chicks. Allotted time (2
hours).

Supplies/Materials :
 Paper and Pencil
 Chicks
 Plastic Crates

Equipment : Weighing scale

Steps/Procedure:
1. Look for chicks that are clearly eating, drinking and have
plenty of energy.
2. Select for the chicks that will frequently sleep, but avoid chicks
that are puffed up, with drooping heads.
3. Check for the tail end of each chick for pasty butt
4. Examine the beak for any discharge
5. Check for the weight of the chicks. It must be 35 grams, a day
old.

Assessment Method:
Demonstration With Oral Questioning

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Performance Criteria Checklist 1.1-1

CRITERIA
YES NO
Did you….
1. Look for chicks that are clearly eating, drinking and
have plenty of energy.
2. Select for the chicks that will frequently sleep, but
avoid chicks that are puffed up, with drooping heads.
3. Check for the tail end of each chick for pasty butt
4. Examine the beak for any discharge
5. Check for the weight of the chicks. It must be 35
grams, a day old.

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ETFLS
Raising Organic Chicken Eduardo N. Tabuñar

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