Table 20 Minimum shank tension Po (proof load) for general grade preloaded bolts

Bolt diameter Proof load

(mm) (kN)
M12 49.4
M16 92.1
M20 144.0
M24 207.0
M30 286.0
Note
a For preloaded bolts the formula in Table 21 should be used.

Table 21 Strength check for preloaded bolts

Required strength Formula
Slip resistance (parallel shank bolt PsL = 1.1Ksμ Po but G each of the following
designed to be non-slip at service loads) Pbg = 1.5dtp pbs
Pbg = 0.5etp pbs
Ps = psAs (see Note a)
Slip resistance (waisted shank bolts and PsL = 0.9KsμPo
bolts designed to be non-slip at
factored loads)
Combined shear and tension for Fs/PsL + Ftot /(1.1 Po) G 1 but Ftot ptAt
connection designed to be non-slip at (see Note b)
service loads
Combined shear and tension for Fs/PsL + Ftot /(0.9 Po) G 1 (see Note b)
connection designed to be non-slip at
factored loads
Nomenclature
Po is the minimum shank tension obtained from Table 20
Ks is 1.0 for standard clearance holes
0.85 for oversize holes, for short slotted holes and for long slotted holes loaded
perpendicular to the slot*
0.7 for long slotted holes loaded parallel to the slot*
(*For definition and use reference should be made to BS 5950-1:20001)
μ is the slip factor taken from Table 35 of BS 5950-1:20001
Fs is the applied shear
Ftot is the total applied tension in the bolt allowing for any prying
pt is the tension strength of the bolt which, for general grade HSFG bolts44 is taken as:
590 N/mm2 for m G M24
515 N/mm2 for m H M27
At is the tensile stress area
All other nomenclature is defined in Table 17
Notes
a The shear capacity should be calculated as for ordinary bolts taking account of
large grip lengths, long joints and thickness of packing, see Table 17.
b In the expression for non-slip at service loads PsL = 1.1KsμPo whilst in that for non-slip
at factored loads PsL = 0.9KsμPo
c The capacities of bolts are also tabulated in the blue book2.

IStructE/ICE Manual for the design of steelwork building structures 3rd edition 79