TECHNOLOGY

FOR
Medical Teachers
Dr.T.V.Rao MD
 TECHNOLOGY
FOR
Medical Teachers
Dr.T.V.Rao MD
 Our Vision to Future

Dangers of looking to the future

How to look to the future
Possible futures for health care
The old world and the new world
Reinventing medical education
Dr.T.V.Rao MD
What’s Going On in Education?
Key Educational Trends
Increased demand for information
Proliferation of networked scholarly information
Online education
Course management systems
Importance of the curriculum & training
Improved usability of technologies & their impact on learning

Source: Adapted from Robert Kvavik, “Technology in Support of Learning”

 Retreat Objective
• To create educational ideas and
implementation
strategies that enable the UVA undergraduate
medical curriculum to become more:
– Content Integrated (basic and clinical)
– Interactive in its Teaching & Learning
Activities
– Clinical Performance-Oriented (applied
knowledge & understanding
Dr.T.V.Rao MD
 Looking to the future: common
mistakes

People consistently
overestimate the effect
of short term change
and underestimate the
effect of long term
change.
Ian Morrison, former president of the
Institute for the Future

Dr.T.V.Rao MD
 Why bother with the
future?

The point is not to

predict the future but
to prepare for it and
to shape it

Dr.T.V.Rao MD
Online learning is for Everyone
Online learning tools and
technologies have surfaced in
recent years but the
impression we get is that e-
learning is still confined to a
little group of savvy
educators who have
understood how to leverage
the power of the Internet for
teaching and learning.

Dr.T.V.Rao MD
Technology enters in every
Profession
Technological
innovations affect all
aspects of our lives,
personal and
professional
The Students of today
are the leaders of
tomorrow

Dr.T.V.Rao MD
Issue is How we prepare our
Students
How can we best
prepare our
students to be
informed,
conscientious
leaders in a
technologically
Dr.T.V.Rao MD
advanced society?
 Looking to the future: common
mistakes

People consistently
overestimate the effect
of short term change and
underestimate the effect
of long term change.
Ian Morrison, former president of the Institute for
the Future

Dr.T.V.Rao MD
 Top-Ten Teaching and
Learning Issues, 2007
1. Establishing & supporting a culture of evidence
2. Demonstrating improvement of learning
3. Translating learning research into practice
4. Selecting appropriate models & strategies for e-
learning
5. Providing tools to meet growing student
expectations

Dr.T.V.Rao MD
 Top-Ten Teaching and
Learning Issues, 2007
6. Providing professional development & support to
new audiences
7. Sharing content, applications, & application
development
8. Protecting institutional data
9. Addressing emerging ethical challenges
10. Understanding the evolving role of academic
technologists.
Source: Educause Quarterly, Number 3 2007, pp. 15-21.

Dr.T.V.Rao MD
 Technology
More demand
Most significant
effect in academic
achievement.
Spending for
Technology has
increased
 Examples of Technology
Word Processor-simple tool based
application
Online repositories of scientific data
Primary historical data
Two way distant learning classrooms
Closed circuit television channels
 E-learning is component of
Distance Education
Distance
Education:
Any Time,
Any Place
Instruction
D
r.
T.
 Promotions…..
Word processing/email


communication skills
Database & Spreadsheet
programs
organizational skills
Bring in Change or You are Lost ?
If you think that you
can run an
organisation in the
next 10 years as
you've run it in the
past 10 years you're
out of your mind."CEO,
Coca Cola

Dr.T.V.Rao MD
 Role of Doctor is Changing

Old world: New world:

Doctors Doctors work
practice predominantly
primarily as in teams
individuals
Dr.T.V.Rao MD
Definition of Knowledge is
Changing

Old world: New world:

Source of Source of
knowledge is
knowledge is
systematic review
expert opinion of evidence
Dr.T.V.Rao MD
 Learner Characteristics
Convenience Connectedness
•Accessible & online •Highly mobile
•Immediate •Devices & media that are portable
•Anytime, anywhere & customizable
•Support at all times •Reachable anywhere

Control Learning
•Customization •Visual images & multiple media
•Multitasking •Experiential and participatory
•Control when & where of discovery
social interaction •Real time engagement
•Social—work in teams
Students are Multichannel,
Multitasking
Audio
• Mobile phone
• Music

Visual
• Television
• Web lecture

Interaction
• Web surfing
• Instant messaging
Dr.T.V.Rao MD
 Why Technology ?

Practice
See one, do one, teach one
Precertified on
procedure
Virtual hospital
Simulations
Content
Books, Lectures
CDs, Internet, Databases

Dr.T.V.Rao MD
 What’s Going On in
Technology?
Key Technology Trends
Smaller
Faster
Cheaper
More mobile
Changing often
Converging
Ubiquitous
 E-learning is Supported
Technologies

Synchronous
and
Asynchronous
Technologies

Dr.T.V.Rao MD
The Learner Is the Center
 Synchronous Technologies
Internet Classroom
• Internet meeting software is used to create a
virtual Internet classroom
• Classes engage in discussion, materials
exchange, presentations, and testing
• Development time for creating an Internet class
is significant
Outcomes in terms of flexibility and
innovation are worth the time

Dr.T.V.Rao MD
 Asynchronous Technologies
Email
• Allows for teacher-student and student-
student communication
• Provides method for materials
exchange through attachments
• Offer opportunity for thoughtful
exchange by all participants

Dr.T.V.Rao MD
 E-mail Guidelines
• Don't use the "To" field when e-mailing more than
one person
• Include a relevant "Subject" line
• Don't overuse the "High Priority" option
• Be concise and to the point
• Don't write in all capital letters
• Check for writing errors
• Use simple formats
30
(continued)
 E-mail Guidelines
(continued)

• Don't send attachments unless absolutely

necessary
• Keep abbreviations to a minimum
• Limit "smilies" to casual correspondence
• Include a brief signature
• Read before you send
• Think before you send
• Maintain the thread 31
Doctors need change to be well
informed

Old world: New world:

Most of what Doctors must use
doctors need to information tools
know is in their constantly
heads
Dr.T.V.Rao MD
 Selecting the Right Models
No single model or strategy
exists, but many successful
models exist to emulate.
Best choices are built on
• Learner characteristics
• Level of preparation
• Preferred delivery modes
• Technologies, support, &
services available
• Faculty characteristics
• Institutional goals
 Use Rationalism in Power point
Teaching
PowerPoint is best used when
students are expected to
retain complex graphics,
animation, and figures. For
alphanumeric information
(e.g. text and numbers)
PowerPoint as well as
traditional presentations can
be used.
Traditional Teaching still
Impressive
If students are expected
to retain information
and/or concepts that are
best conveyed through
dialog or verbal
explanation, traditional
presentations appear
to be best.

Dr.T.V.Rao MD
Faculty Development Is
Key
Faculty are in a difficult
place & faculty
development is the key
to change
• Need to engage
students
• Need to maintain &
develop their skills
• Need to move outside the
learning environment in
which they started and were
successful
Developing Faculty to Use
Technology with Success
Pedagogy first, built on the science of learning.
Resistance is futile; no more “stuff and dump” passive
learners.
Create active learning environments that invite
understanding, and may include interactive face-to-face
lecturing.
Transformative faculty development is essential—
opportunities to apply technology-enhanced learning
practices to faculty’s own courses within their disciplines.
Good reasons for changing are critical.
Adapted from Educause Review, “Active Learning and Technology”
Developing Faculty to Use
Technology with Success
Pedagogy first, built on the science of learning.
Resistance is futile; no more “stuff and dump” passive
learners.
Create active learning environments that invite
understanding, and may include interactive face-to-face
lecturing.
Transformative faculty development is essential—
opportunities to apply technology-enhanced learning
practices to faculty’s own courses within their disciplines.
Good reasons for changing are critical.
Adapted from Educause Review, “Active Learning and Technology”
Global Medical Education
Public health information
needs worldwide network
- SARS epidemic
Similarly, medical
education needs a global
view:
• Global Development
Learning Network
(GDLN - World Bank)
• MedNET (India)
Dr.T.V.Rao MD
 Issues in e-Education
Teachers and/or
students may not be
ready for
• New roles and
responsibilities
• New technologies
• New methods and
materials
Teachers may need to
adjust to increased time
demands for planning and
management
Dr.T.V.Rao MD
 e- solutions
Innovative, web-based
learning and assessment
environment that uses
screen-based simulations
to facilitate understanding
and mastery of the skills
needed to safely and
accurately perform
medication dosage
calculations
Dr.T.V.Rao MD
 Why Create a Portal?
Many high-quality internet-based tools to
support instruction, but most are not
integrated.
Number of choices is confusing.
Most technologies are not personalized or
customizable to the learner.
The result: a lower quality academic
experience
 Create Portal as Model with
your Technical Resources
The Portal is the U’s
strategy to integrate
many different
independent applications
into a unified system to
support learning.
 Role of Faculty in Learning
Environments: A New Model

The presence of varied technologies and a

University-wide strategy for making them
accessible means faculty often have to rethink
courses, programs, and roles.
Create The Instructional Design
Team

Faculty Member/ Course

Instructional Designer
Content Expert Coordinator

The Learner

Graphic Artist Videographer Web Developer

We teachers can bring in
change
Foster collaboration & interaction
Learn best practices & find resources
Encourage critical thinking & reflection
Empower student voices
Enrich the learning environment
Support diverse learning styles
Improve students’ communication skills
Measure learning outcomes
Make your Books Lighter with
e-Readers

Dr.T.V.Rao MD
Teachers to Invest in Multimedia Gadgets –
Technology is Power

Dr.T.V.Rao MD
3G Networks bring the Knowledge
in your Hands

Dr.T.V.Rao MD
 Indian Government Initiates
Affordable e-learning Tools
India unveiled a Rs 1,500 (around $
30) tablet PC designed specifically for
students.
"If more companies decide to
manufacture a similar device, prices
will come down automatically," Human
Resource Development Minister Kapil
Sibal said after unveiling the low cost-
access-cum computing device here.
The device would be made available to
students in 2011.( as reported )

Dr.T.V.Rao MD
 Med NET India
Broadband network
Link medical schools,
hospitals, public health
centers
For
Tele-education
Telehealth
Bio-informatics
Research Grid
Technology is going to continue to
progress…

…Can you handle it?

NO MATTER WHAT YOUR PRESENTATION IS
ABOUT
Never Forget 3 P’s

Plan
Prepare
Practice

Dr.T.V.Rao MD
Technology is Eliminating
Teacher and Student Gap ?

Dr.T.V.Rao MD
Technology is to used with
caution?
The ‘‘intelligent use” of educational
technologies can be defined with three
components (1) How do people learn
(cognitive component)? (2) How can the
learning experience be facilitated
(instruction component)? (3) How can
technology be used to improve instruction and
learning (technology component)?

Dr.T.V.Rao MD
 Most Important Word in
Medicine
In spite several
advances in
Medicine,
knowledge and
I
Technology.
Doctors should be
honest to confess
don’t
know
Dr.T.V.Rao MD
Our Medical Educational Trends
Difficult to Define
“My medical education
began three times. What
I learnt at medical school
was no use in the
hospital. What I learnt in
the hospital was no use
in general practice.”
Julian Tudor Hart (paraphrased)
With Thanks - References from
1Medical Education and the Lambda Grid Parvati Dev, PhD Stanford
University SUMMIT Lab
2Harnessing Technologies for Learning: Part One Academy Distinguished
Teachers Fall Retreat 2007 Billie Wahlstrom, Vice Provost

Dr.T.V.Rao MD
Created by Dr.T.V.Rao MD for e-
learning resources for Medical
profession
Email
doctortvrao@gmail.com
Dr.T.V.Rao MD