Tache Ioana-Teodora

X.

Warsaw Pact, or Warsaw Treaty, formally known as The Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and
Mutual Assistance was a military alliance of Eastern Europe and The Eastern Block, which
wanted defense against the thread received from NATO (founded in 1949). The integration of
West Germany favored the creation of the Warsaw Pact, as it was “remilitarized” into NATO
through the confirmation given by the Western countries of the Paris Agreements. The Warsaw
Treaty was initiated by Nikita Khrushchev in 1955 and was signed on the fourteenth of May
1955, in Warsaw. The treaty was declared disbanded on the third of March, 1991 and was
officially disestablished at the Prague Meeting, on the first of July, 1991. Every communist
country of Eastern Europe signed this treaty (except for Yugoslavia). The members of the
Warsaw Pact engaged themselves in the defense of one another if one or more of them got
attacked. The treaty also declared that the signatories count their relations on the principle of
not intervening the home affairs and of sovereignty integrity and national independence-
eventually, these principles will be broken later, during the Hungary interventions (1956) and
the Czechoslovakia ones (1968). Albany stopped being an active member of the treaty in 1961,
as a consequence of the Chinese-Soviet separation, a crisis in which the rough Stalinist regime
from Albany was on China’s side. Albany officially pulled out from the pact in1968. After the
IIWW was officially over, as W. Churchill(Prime Minister of U.K. at the time) in his Fulton Speech
implied, the Cold War began along with the concept of the “Iron Curtain”. As a consequence of
the ambitious defense policy of the economical and political system (and obviously of the
economical interests of high profits in the Western World), the German troupes, as “the
prisoners”, located on the Western Germany’s territory, were rearmed, represented the
beginning of “Bundeswehr”-permanent army of R.F.G. . After what had happened in 1948 in
Czechoslovakia ( the banishment of German native, elections, economical reconstruction) began
the infiltration of special services agents from U.S.A. and Great Britain, which had the role of
“troublemakers”. Having a cause, the Soviet troupes did not leave Central and Eastern Europe
(conquered, set free), but remained on the territory of more states. Situated on the diving line
between the two former ally blocks , the Soviet army no sooner than the dissolution of the
Warsaw Treaty had it left Hungary. During the Hungarian revolution, in 1956, the Hungarian
government divided into two factions, one led by Imre Nagy and the other, by Janos Kadar. In
order to help loosen the tensions, the Soviet troupes partially withdrew( lowered their number)
from Hungary during the internal conflicts. When the faction of Imre Nagy declared that
Hungary pulled out of the alliance and their followers attacked the garrisons of the Soviet army,
they responded and the military of the Warsaw Pact reentered the country in October, 1956, at
the request of Janos Kadar and hid faction, but the Hungarian( partially supported, morally and
militarily, but mostly financially by NATO) defense ( without knowing whether the Soviet troupes
would ever leave Hungary) has been defeated in two weeks. The Warsaw Treaty( Pact) Powers
were also used in the August of 1968, after the unleash of the internal events in Czechia’s
Prague Spring, when Czechoslovakia was invaded in order to put an end to the reforms that the
government of Alexander Dubcek was putting into practice. The military department chief of the
Communist Czechoslovak Party, Lieutenant General Vaclav Prchlik, had already spoken of the
Warsaw Treaty, in a TV press conference, as an unbalanced alliance and had declared that the
Czechoslovak army was ready for the defense of the country’s sovereignty, even through fight, if
necessary. On the twentieth of August, 1968, a force built up out of twenty three divisions of
the Soviet army entered Czechoslovakia, supported by a Hungarian division, two East German
ones, a Bulgarian one and two Polish ones. Romania was against this intervention, and so
refused to contribute with troupes. This intervention was explained by the Brejnev Doctrine
which tells that “When forces that are not hostile to socialism try to leave the development of
socialist countries in the hands of capitalism, this does not only become an issue for the country
in matter, but an issue and a matter of every socialist countries”. Implicitly, this doctrine gave to
the Soviet Union the right to define the “socialism” and “capitalism” in the purpose of their
personal interests.