LAMPIRAN C

NERACA ENERGI

C.1 Neraca Energi di Unit Vaporizer (E-101)

F3 = 2023,68 kg/jam F4 = 2023,68 kg/jam

C2H5OH = 43,1053 kmol/jam C2H5OH = 43,1053 kmol/jam
H2O = 2,2687 kmol/jam H2O = 2,2687 kmol/jam
T3 = 303,15 K T4 = 424,95 K
P3 = 5 bar P4 = 5 bar

 Perhitungan ∆H3
Tref = T3 = 303,15 K
T3 T3
∆H3 = yC2 H5 OH,3 (∫Tref CpC2 H5 OH dT) +yH2 O,3 (∫Tref CpH2 O dT) +
T3
yC2H5OH,3(∫Tref CpC2H5OH dT)
303,15
∆H3 = 0,98 (∫303,15 (-325,137+4,14T -
303,15
0,014 T2 +1,704x10 T3 )dT) + 0,02 (∫303,15 18,2964+0,472118 T-
-5

303,15
1,339x10-3 T2 +1,314×10-6 T3 ) dT) + 0 (∫303,15 39,3869 + 0,88322T −

0,00284T2 + 4,1804×10-6 T3 dT)

∆H3 = 0

 Perhitungan ∆H4
T
∆H4 = (yC2H5OH × (∫T 4 (CPC2H5OH(liquid) ) dT + ∆HVL (T)C2H5OH )) +
ref

T4
(yH2 O × (∫T (CPH2 O(liquid) )dT + ∆HVL (T)H2 O )) + (𝑦(C2 H5 )2O ×
ref

T
(∫T 4 (CP((C2 H5 )2O (liquid) )dT + ∆HVL (T)C2 H4 ))
ref

424,95 -5
∆H4 = (0,98 (∫303,15 (-325,137+4,14T - 0,014 T 2 +1,704x10 T 3 )dT + 38047,1)) +
424,95
(0,02 (∫303,15 (18,2964 + 0,472118 T - 0,00134T2 + 1,314×10-6 T 3 )dT +

C-1
 424,95
42322,7)) + (0 x (∫303,15 (39,3869 + 0,88322 T − 0,00284T 2 +

1,31424 ×10-6 T 3 )dT + 11830,93))

∆H4 =

 Perhitungan 𝐇C2 H5 OH
Perhitungan Titik Didih C2 H5 OH pada 500 kPa
B
ln P sat = A-
T+C
3423,53
ln(500) =16,1952-
T-55,7152
Td = 398,734 K

Td
398,734
∫ Cp C2 H5 OH(cair) dT= ∫ (-325,137 + 4,138 T-1,4× 10-2 T2
303,15
T3

+1,7×10-5 T3 )dT
Td

∫ Cp C2 H5 OH(cair) dT=- 325,137(398,734- 303,15)

T3

4,14 2 2 1,4×10-2
+ (398,734 -303,15 )- (398,7343 -303,153 )
2 3
1,7×10-5
+ (398,7344 -303,154 )
4
= 13216,31 kj/kmol

T4
424,95
∫ Cp C2 H5 OH(gas) dT= ∫ (17,7+0,150T+8,951× 10-5 T2 -1,97×10-7 T3
398,734
Td

+8,32×10-11 T4 )dT
T4
0,15
∫ Cp C2 H5 OH(gas) dT=17,7(424,95- 398,734)+ (424,952 -398,7342 )
2
Td

C-2
 8,951×10-5
+ (424,953 -398,7343 )
3
1,97×10-7
- (424,954 -398,7344 )
4
8,32×10-11
+ (424,955 -398,7345 )
5
= 2183,4457 kj/kmol

Perhitungan HVL C2 H5 OH
0,38
Tc -Tsat
b
∆HVL =∆HVL (T ) ( c b )
T -T
kj 516,26 − 398,734 0,38
=38577,3 ( )
kmol 516,26 − 351,4
= 33921,8 kj/kmol
HC2 H5 OH = 0,98 (13502,45 + 33921,8 +2183,4457) = 48615,54 kj/kmol

 Perhitungan 𝐇𝐇𝟐 𝐎
Perhitungan Titik Didih H2O pada 500 kPa
B
ln P sat = A −
T+C
3985,44
ln(500) = 16,5362 -
T-38,9974
T = 425,124 K
Td
425,124
∫ Cp H2 O(cair) dT= ∫ (18,296 + 0,472 T- 1,3× 10-3 T2
303,15
T3

+1,3 ×10-6 T3 )dT

Td
0,472
∫ Cp H2 O(cair) dT= 18,296 (425,124- 303,15)+ (425,1242 -303,152 )
2
T3

1,3×10-3
- (425,1243 -303,153 )
3

C-3
 1,3×10-6
+ (425,1244 -303,154 )
4
= 7258,292 kJ/kmol

T4
424,95
∫ Cp H2 O(gas) dT= ∫ (34,05-9,7 ×10-3 T+ 3,3 × 10-5 T 2 -2,04 ×10-8 T 3
425,124
Td

+ 4,3 ×10-12 T 4 )dT

T4
9,7 ×10-3
∫ Cp H2 O(gas) dT=34,05(424,95- 425,124)- (424,952 -425,1242 )
2
Td

3,3×10-5
+ (424,953 -425,1243 )
3
2,04 ×10-8
- (424,954 -425,1244 )
4
4,3 ×10-12
+ (424,955 -425,1245 )
5
= 900,9337 kJ/kmol

Perhitungan HVL H2O

0,38
bTc -Tsat
∆HVL =∆HVL (T ) ( c b )
T -T
kj 647,3-425,124 0,38
= 40656,2 ( )
kmol 647,3-373,2
= 37537,586 kj/kmol
 HH2 O = 0,02 (7258,292 + 37537,586+ 900,9337) = 913,936 kj/kmol
 ∆H4 =HC2H5 OH + HH2 O = 48615,54 + 913,936 kj/kmol
= 49529,476 kj/kmol

 Perhitungan nilai Q vaporizer :

Q =F.∆H4– F.∆H3
Q =(48,318 kmol/jam× 49529,476 kj/kmol) −0
Q =2393165,221 kj/jam

C-4
 Perhitungan Laju Steam :
Pada umumnya, temperatur steam yang digunakan 20°C lebih tinggi dari
temperatur keluar aliran proses (Coulson edisi IV, halaman 661). Untuk
menentukan laju steam berikut data enthalpy yang dibutuhkan pada temperatur
443,15 K dan tekanan 792,3 kPa (smith, 2005).
Tabel C.1 Data enthalpy pada temperatur 439,15 K dan tekanan 718,31 kPa
HV (kJ/kg) HL (kJ/kg) λ (kJ/kg)
2767,1 719,1 2047,9

Q 2393165,221 kJ/jam
m= = = 1168,595 kg/jam
λ 2047,9 kJ/kg

C.2 Neraca Energi di Unit Reaktor(R-101)

F4 = 2023,68 kg/jam
C2H5OH = 43,105 kmol/jam
H2O = 2,26 kmol/jam
T4 = 424,95 K
P4 = 5 bar

F5 = 2023,68 kg/jam
C2H5OH = 2,155 kmol/jam
(C2H5)2O = 20,47 kmol/jam
H2O = 22,74 kmol/jam
T5 = 424,95 K
P5 = 5 bar

Reaksi yang terjadi pada reaktor (R-101) :

Al2 O3 ∙SiO2
2C2 H5 OH → (C2 H5 )2 O + H2 O
Dengan C2 H5 OH yang terkonversi sebesar 95%
 Perhitungan Laju Reaksi
xC2H5 OH ×NC2 H5OH
r=
-σs
0,95×43,105 kmol/jam
r= = 20,475 kmol/jam
2

C-5
 Perhitungan ∆Hro298,15
2C2 H5 OH → (C2 H5 )2 O+H2 O
∆Hro298,15 =∑∆Hfoproduk − ∑∆Hforeaktan
o
∆Hro298,15 =[∆Hf(C 2 H5 )2 O
+ ∆HfHo2 O ] – [∆HfCo2 H5 OH ]
= [(-234918,32+ (−252332,08)) kJ/kmol – (−241950,8 kJ/kmol)]
= -24446,24 kJ/kmol
 Perhitungan ∆Hro424,95
418,5 418,5
∆Hro418,5=∆Hro298,15 + [−2 ∫418,5 CpC dT + 1 ∫418,5 Cp(C dT +
2 H5 OH 2 H5 )2O

418,5
1 ∫418,5 CpH dT]
2O

∆Hro424,95 = -24446,24 + 0
= -24446,24 kj/kmol

 Perhitungan ∆H4
Tref = T4 = 424,95 K
∆H4 = 0

 Perhitungan ∆H5
Tref = T5 = 424,95 K
∆H5 = 0

 Perhitungan nilai Q reaktor :

Q = (r × ∆Hro424,95) + ∆H5− ∆H4
kmol kJ
Q= (20,475 × −24446,24 kmol) + 0
jam

Q = − 500533.7082 kJ/jam

C-6
 Perhitungan Laju Air Pendingin
Temperatur air pendingin yang masuk dan keluar reaktor adalah 30°C (303,15
K) dan 45°C (318,15 K) (Analysis, Synthesis, and Design of Chemical
Processes Fourth Edition. Turton, page 250). Sehingga :
318,15
∆Hair pendingin = ∫303,15 Cp H dT
2 O(l)

318,15
∆Hair pendingin = ∫303,15 [1,83×101 +4,72×10-1 T-1,34×10-3 T2 + 1,31×10-6 T3 ]dT
4,72×10-1
∆Hair pendingin = [1,83×101 (318,15-303,15)+ (318,152 -303,152 )-
2

1,34×10-3 3 3 1,31×10-6
(318,15 -303,15 )+ (318,154 -303,154 )]
3 4
∆Hair pendingin = 1127,4028 kJ/kmol
Q
mair pendingin = × BMair
∆Hair pendingin

249014,29 kJ/jam
mair pendingin = 1127,4028 kJ/kmol ×18 kg/kmol = 3975,737 kg/jam

C.3 Neraca Energi di Unit Condensor (E-102)

F5 = 2023,68 kg/jam F6 = 2023,68 kg/jam

C2H5OH = 2,155 kmol/jam C2H5OH = 2,155 kmol/jam
(C2H5)2O= 20,475 kmol/jam (C2H5)2O = 20,475 kmol/jam
H2O = 22,744 kmol/jam H2O = 22,744 kmol/jam
T5 = 424,95 K T6 = 351,85 K
P5 = 5 bar P6 = 5 bar
 Perhitungan ∆H5
Tref = T5 = 424,95 K
∆H5 = 0

 Perhitungan ∆H6
Td T6
∆H6 =yC (∫ Cp gas C2 H5 OH dT-⋋C2 H5 OH+ ∫ Cp cair C2 H5 OH dT)
2 H5 OH
T5 Td
Td T6
+yH O
(∫ Cp gasH2 OdT -⋋H2 O + ∫ Cp cair H2 O dT)
2
T5 Td

C-7
 Td T6
+y(C2H5)2O (∫ Cp gas (C2H5)2O dT- ⋋(C2H5)2O+ ∫ Cp cair (C2H5)2O dT)
T5 Td

 Perhitungan H C2 H5 OH
Td
398,734
∫ Cp C2 H5 OH(gas) dT= ∫ (17,7+0,150T+8,951× 10-5 T2 -1,97×10-7 T3
424,95
T5

+8,32×10-11 T4 )dT
Td
0,15
∫ Cp C2 H5 OH(gas) dT=17,7(398,734- 424,95)+ (398,7342 -424,952 )
2
T5

8,951×10-5
+ (398,7343 -424,953 )
3
1,97×10-7
- (398,7344 -424,954 )
4
8,32×10-11
+ (398,7345 -424,955 )
5
= -2177,31 kj/kmol

T6
351,85
∫ Cp C2 H5 OH(cair) dT= ∫ (-325,137 + 4,138 T- 1,4× 10-2 T2
398,734
Td

+1,7 ×10-5 T3 )dT

T6
4,14
∫ Cp C2 H5 OH(cair) dT= -325,137(351,85- 398,734)+ (351,852 -398,7342 )
2
Td

1,4×10-2
- (351,853 -398,7343 )
3
1,7×10-5
+ (351,854 -398,7344 )
4
= -7174,457 kj/kmol

C-8
 Perhitungan HVL C2 H5 OH
0,38
b Tc -Tsat
∆HVL =∆HVL (T ) ( c b )
T -T
kj 516,26-398,734 0,38
= 38577,3 ( )
kmol 516,26-351,4
= 33921,8095 kj/kmol

 H C2 H5 OH = 0,098 (-2177,31 – 33921,8095 – 7174,467) = - 4110,989

kj/kmol

 Perhitungan H H2O
Td
425,124
∫ Cp H2 O(gas) dT= ∫ (34,05- 9,7 ×10-3 T+ 3,3 × 10-5 T2 -2,04 ×10-8 T3
424,95
T5

+ 4,3 ×10-12 T4 )dT

Td
9,7 ×10-3
∫ Cp H2 O(gas) dT=34,05(425,124- 424,95)- (425,1242 -424,952 )
2
T5

3,3×10-5
+ (425,1243 -424,953 )
3
2,04 ×10-8
- (425,1244 -424,954 )
4
4,3 ×10-12
+ (425,1245 -424,955 )
5
= 5,995 kj/kmol

T6
351,85
∫ Cp H2 O(cair) dT= ∫ (18,296 + 0,472 T- 1,3× 10-3 T2 +1,3 ×10-6 T3 )dT
425,124
Td
T6
0,472
∫ Cp H2 O(cair) dT= 18,296 (351,85- 425,124)+ (351,852 -425,1242 )
2
Td

1,3×10-3
- (351,853 -425,1243 )
3

C-9
 1,3×10-6
+ (351,85-425,1244 )
4
= - 5627,321 kj/kmol
Perhitungan HVL H2O
0,38
bTc -Tsat
∆HVL =∆HVL (T ) ( c b )
T -T
kj 647,3-425,124 0,38
= 40656,2 ( )
kmol 647,3-373,2
= 37537,587 kj/kmol

 HH2O = 0,2023 (5,995 – 37537,587 – 5627,321) = -8731,048 kj/kmol

 Perhitungan H(C2H5)2O
Td
361,735
∫ Cp (C2 H5 )2 O(gas) dT= ∫ (46,8 + 0,1 T+ 5,69 × 10-4 T2 -7,74×10-7 T3
424,95
T5

+ 3,03 ×10-10 T4 )dT

Td
0,1
∫ Cp (C2 H5 )2 O(gas) dT= 46,8 (361,735- 424,95)+ (361,7352 -424,952 )
2
T5

5,69 ×10-4
+ (361,7353 - 424,953 )
3
7,74 ×10-7
- (361,7354 - 424,954 )
4
3,03 ×10-10
+ (361,7355 - 424,955 )
5
= -8511,52 kj/kmol

T6
351,85
∫ Cp (C2 H5 )2 O(cair) dT= ∫ (39,4 + 0,88 T- 2,84 × 10-3 T2
361,735
Td

+ 4,18 ×10-6 T3 )dT

C - 10
 T6
0,88
∫ Cp (C2 H5 )2 O(cair) dT= 39,4 (351,85- 361,735)+ (351,852 -361,7352 )
2
Td

2,84×10-3
- (351,853 -361,7353 )
3
4,18 ×10-6
+ (351,854 -361,7354 )
4
= -1809,699 kj/kmol

Perhitungan HVL (C2 H5 )2 O

0,38
Tc -Tsat
b
∆HVL =∆HVL (T ) ( c b )
T -T
kj 466,76-361,735 0,38
= 21510,1 ( )
kmol 466,76-307,6
= 18366,925 kj/kmol

 H(C2H5)2O= 0,749 (-8511,52 -18366,925- 1809,699) = -21487,42

kj/kmol
 ∆H6 =H C2 H5 OH + H H2O + H (C2H5)2O= -32338,875 kj/kmol

 Perhitungan nilai Qcondensor:

Q = F.∆H6 – F.∆H5
Q = (45,374 kmol/jam x -32338,87 kj/kmol) – 0
Q = - 1467344,104 kJ/jam

 Perhitungan Laju Air Pendingin :

Temperatur air pendingin yang masuk dan keluar condensor adalah 30°C
(303,15 K) dan 45°C (318,15 K) (Analysis, Synthesis, and Design of Chemical
Processes Fourth Edition. Turton, page 250). Sehingga :
318,15
∆Hair pendingin = ∫303,15 Cp H dT
2 O(l)

318,15
∆Hair pendingin = ∫303,15 [1,83×101 +4,72×10-1 T-1,34×10-3 T2 +

C - 11
 1,31×10-6 T3 ]dT
4,72×10-1
∆Hair pendingin = [1,83×101 (318,15-303,15)+ (318,152 -303,152 )-
2

1,34×10-3 3 3 1,31×10-6
(318,15 -303,15 )+
3 4
(318,154 -303,154 )]
∆Hair pendingin = 1127,4028 kJ/kmol
Q
mair pendingin = × BMair
∆Hair pendingin
1467344,104 kJ/jam
mair pendingin = 1127,4028 kJ/kmol
× 18 kg/kmol = 23427,468 kg/jam

C.4 Neraca Energi di Unit Menara Distilasi (T-101)

F7 = 1515,15 kg/jam
F6 = 409,387 kg/jam C2H5OH = 0,115 kmol/jam
C2H5OH = 2,155 kmol/jam (C2H5)2O = 20,373 kmol/jam
(C2H5)2O= 20,475 kmol/jam H2O = 0,126 kmol/jam
H2O = 22,744 kmol/jam T7 = ...
T6 = 351,85 K P7 = 5 bar
P6 = 5 bar
F10 = 500,953 kg/jam
C2H5OH = 2,04 kmol/jam
(C2H5)2O = 0 kmol/jam
H2O = 22,617 kmol/jam
T10 = ...
P10 = 5 bar

 Perhitungan Nilai Tsat pada Tekanan 500 kPa

B
Tsat = −C
A−ln P
 Ethanol (C2H5OH)
3423,53
Tsat = + 55,715
16,195−ln 500

Tsat = 398,74 K
 Diethyl Ether ((C2H5)2O)
2563,73
Tsat = + 39,371
14,168−ln 500

C - 12
 Tsat = 361,715 K
 Air (H2O)
3985,44
Tsat = + 38,997
16,536−ln 500

Tsat = 425,131 K

 Perhitungan Temperatur Residu

T = (y10
C H
×Tsat 10 sat
C2 H5 OH ) + (yH O ×TH2 O )
2 5 OH 2

T= (0,2×398,74 K) + (0,8×425,131 K)
T = 419,853 K

Perhitungan tekanan jenuh tiap komponen

B
Psat = exp (A- T+C)

Ttrial,1 = 419,853 K
3423,53
Psat C2H5OH = exp (16,195- 419,853−55,715)

= 891,818 kPa
Psat
ki =
P
891,818
=
500
= 1,784
yi = ki . xi
= 1,784 . 0,2
= 0,357

C - 13
 Perhitungan untuk komponen lain dilakukan dengan cara yang sama.
Berikut ini akumulasi hasil perhitungan tekanan jenuh tiap komponen pada
tekanan operasi 500 kPa.

Tabel C.3 Akumulasi Data Hasil Perhitungan T Dew

Komponen Psat (kPa) yi ki xi
DEE 408,256 0,995 0,8165 1,2186
ETANOL 110,734 0,0035 0,2215 0,0158
AIR 48,085 0,0015 0,096 0,0156
Ʃ
Ʃxi = 1,maka T = T dew
Dengan menggunakan metode trial & error diperoleh Tdew sebesar 353,723
K atau 80,573 oC.

C.5 Neraca Energi di Unit Condenser (E-103)

F7,a = 1515,15 kg/jam F7,b = 1515,15 kg/jam

C2H5OH = 0,115 kmol/jam C2H5OH = 0,115 kmol/jam
(C2H5)2O = 20,373 kmol/jam (C2H5)2O = 20,373 kmol/jam
H2O = 0,126 kmol/jam H2O = 0,126 kmol/jam
T7,a = 366,85 K T7,b = 366,85 K
 7,a
P Perhitungan
= 5 bar∆H7,a P7,b = 5 bar
Tref = T7,a= 366,85 K
∆H7,a = 0

 Perhitungan ∆H7,b
Td T7,b
∆H7,𝐛 =yC (∫ Cp gas C2 H5 OH dT-⋋C2 H5 OH+ ∫ Cp cair C2 H5 OH dT)
2 H5 OH
T7,a Td
Td T7,b
+yH O
(∫ Cp gasH2 OdT -⋋H2 O + ∫ Cp cair H2 O dT)
2
T7,a Td

C - 14
 Td
+y(C2H5)2O (∫ Cp gas (C2H5)2O dT - ⋋(C2H5)2O
T7,a
T7,b
+∫ Cp cair (C2H5)2O dT)
Td

 PerhitunganHC2 H5 OH
Td
398,734
∫ Cp C2 H5 OH(gas) dT= ∫ (17,7+0,150T+8,951× 10-5 T2 -1,97×10-7 T3
366,85
T7,a

+8,32×10-11 T4 )dT
Td
0,15
∫ Cp C2 H5 OH(gas) dT=17,7(398,734- 366,85 )+ (398,7342 -366,852 )
2
T7,a

8,951×10-5
+ (398,7343 -366,853 )
3
1,97×10-7
- (398,7344 -366,854 )
4
8,32×10-11
+ (398,7345 -366,855 )
5
= 2510,895 kj/kmol
T7,b
356,85
∫ Cp C2 H5 OH(cair) dT= ∫ (-325,137 + 4,138 T- 1,4× 10-2 T2
398,734
Td

+1,7 ×10-5 T3 )dT

T7,b

∫ Cp C2 H5 OH(cair) dT= -325,137(356,85- 398,734)

Td
4,14
+ (356,852 -398,7342 )
2
1,4×10-2
- (356,853 -398,7343 )
3
1,7×10-5
+ (356,854 -398,7344 )
4
= - 6487,7 kj/kmol

C - 15
 Perhitungan HVL C2 H5 OH
0,38
b Tc -Tsat
∆HVL =∆HVL (T ) ( c b )
T -T
kj 516,26-398,734 0,38
= 38577,3 ( )
kmol 516,26-351,4
= 33921,809 kj/kmol
 H C2 H5 OH = 0,0035 (2510,895– 33921,809 – 6487,7)
= - 132,645 kj/kmol

 Perhitungan H H2O
Td
425,124
∫ Cp H2 O(gas) dT= ∫ (34,05- 9,7 ×10-3 T+ 3,3 × 10-5 T2 -2,04 ×10-8 T3
366,85
T7,a

+ 4,3 ×10-12 T4 )dT

Td

∫ Cp H2 O(gas) dT=34,05(425,124- 366,85)

T7,a

9,7 ×10-3
- (425,1242 -366,852 )
2
3,3×10-5
+ (425,1243 -363,7233 )
3
2,04 ×10-8
- (425,1244 -366,854 )
4
4,3 ×10-12
+ (425,1245 -366,855 )
5
= 1995,2789 kj/kmol

T7,b
356,85
∫ Cp H2 O(cair) dT= ∫ (18,296 + 0,472 T- 1,3× 10-3 T2 +1,3 ×10-6 T3 )dT
425,124
Td
T7,b

∫ Cp H2 O(cair) dT= 18,296 (356,85- 425,124)

Td

C - 16
 0,472
+ (356,852 - 425,1242 )
2
1,3×10-3
- (356,853 - 425,1243 )
3
1,3×10-6
+ (356,854 - 425,1244 )
4
= - 5247,5 kj/kmol

Perhitungan HVL H2O

0,38
bTc -Tsat
∆HVL =∆HVL (T ) ( c b )
T -T
kj 647,3 - 425,124 0,38
= 40656,2 ( )
kmol 647,3-373,2
= 37537,587 kj/kmol

 HH2O = 0,0015 (1995,2789 – 37537,587 – 5247,5) = - 61,185 kj/kmol

 Perhitungan H(C2H5)2O
Td
361,735
∫ Cp (C2 H5 )2 O(gas) dT= ∫ (46,8 + 0,1 T+ 5,69 × 10-4 T2 -7,74×10-7 T3
366,85
T7,a

+ 3,03 ×10-10 T4 )dT

Td
0,1
∫ Cp (C2 H5 )2 O(gas) dT= 46,8 (361,735- 366,85)+ (361,7352 -366,852 )
2
T7,a

5,69 ×10-4
+ (361,7353 -366,853 )
3
7,74 ×10-7
- (361,7354 -366,854 )
4
3,03 ×10-10
+ (361,7355 -366,855 )
5
= -649,453 kj/kmol

C - 17
 T7,b
356,85
∫ Cp (C2 H5 )2 O(cair) dT= ∫ (39,4 + 0,88 T- 2,84 × 10-3 T2
361,735
Td

+ 4,18 ×10-6 T3 )dT

T7,b
0,88
∫ Cp (C2 H5 )2 O(cair) dT= 39,4 (356,85- 361,735)+ (356,852 -361,7352 )
2
Td

2,84×10-3
- (356,853 -361,7353 )
3
4,18 ×10-6
+ (356,854 -361,7354 )
4
= -899,89 kj/kmol

Perhitungan HVL (C2 H5 )2 O

0,38
bTc -Tsat
∆HVL =∆HVL (T ) ( c b )
T -T
kj 466,76-361,735 0,38
= 21510,1 ( )
kmol 466,76-307,6
= 18366,925 kj/kmol

 H(C2H5)2O = 0,995 (-649,453 – 18937,071 +889,89)

= -19816,687 kj/kmol
 ∆H7,b =H C2 H5 OH + H H2O + H (C2H5)2O= -20010,52 kj/kmol

 Perhitungan nilai Qcondensor:

Q = F.∆H7,b – F.∆H7,a
Q = (20,614 kmol/jam x -20010,52 kj/kmol) – 0
Q = - 412496,8 kJ/jam

C - 18
 Perhitungan Laju Air Pendingin :
Temperatur air pendingin yang masuk dan keluar condensor adalah 30°C
(303,15 K) dan 45°C (318,15 K) (Analysis, Synthesis, and Design of Chemical
Processes Fourth Edition. Turton, page 250). Sehingga :
318,15
∆Hair pendingin = ∫303,15 Cp H dT
2 O(l)

318,15
∆Hair pendingin = ∫303,15 [1,83×101 +4,72×10-1 T-1,34×10-3 T2 + 1,31×10-6 T3 ]dT

4,72×10-1
∆Hair pendingin = [1,83×101 (318,15-303,15)+ (318,152 -303,152 )-
2

1,34×10-3 1,31×10-6
(318,153 -303,153 )+
3 4
(318,154 -303,154 )]
∆Hair pendingin = 1127,4028 kJ/kmol
Q
mair pendingin = × BMair
∆Hair pendingin

412496,8 kJ/jam
mair pendingin = × 18 kg/kmol = 6585,882 kg/jam
1127,4028 kJ/kmol

C.6 Neraca Energi di Unit Reboiler (E-104)

F10,a = 500,953 kg/jam F10,b = 500,953 kg/jam

C2H5OH = 2,04 kmol/jam C2H5OH = 2,04 kmol/jam
H2O = 22,617 kmol/jam H2O = 22,617 kmol/jam
T10,a = 394,35 K T10,b = 404,35 K
P10,a = 5 bar P10,b = 5 bar

 Perhitungan ∆H10,a
Tref = T10,a = 394,35 K
∆H10,a = 0

C - 19
 Perhitungan ∆H10,b
Td T10,b
∆H𝟏𝟎,𝐛 =yC (∫ Cp cair C2 H5 OH dT+⋋C2 H5 OH+ ∫ Cp gas C2 H5 OH dT)
2 H5 OH
T10,a Td
Td T10,b
+yH (∫ Cp cairH2 OdT + ⋋H2 O + ∫ Cp gas H2 O dT)
2O
T10,a Td

 Perhitungan H C2 H5 OH
T10,b
404,35
∫ Cp C2 H5 OH(gas) dT= ∫ (17,7+0,150T+8,951× 10-5 T2 -1,97×10-7 T3
398,734
Td

+8,32×10-11 T4 )dT
T10,b
0,15
∫ Cp C2 H5 OH(gas) dT=17,7(404,35- 398,734)+ (404,352 -398,7342 )
2
Td

8,951×10-5
+ (404,353 -398,7343 )
3
1,97×10-7
- (404,354 -398,7344 )
4
8,32×10-11
+ (404,355 -398,7345 )
5
= 457,96 kj/kmol

Td
398,734
∫ Cp C2 H5 OH(cair) dT= ∫ (-325,137 + 4,138 T- 1,4× 10-2 T2
394,35
T10,a

+1,7 ×10-5 T3 )dT

Td

∫ Cp C2 H5 OH(cair) dT= -325,137(398,734 -394,35 )

T10,a

4,14
+ (398,7342 -394,352 )
2

C - 20
 1,4×10-2
- (398,7343 -394,353 )
3
1,7×10-5
+ (398,7344 -394,354 )
4
= 752,635 kj/kmol

Perhitungan HVL C2 H5 OH
0,38
b Tc -Tsat
∆HVL =∆HVL (T ) ( c b )
T -T

kj 516,26-398,734 0,38
= 38577,3 ( )
kmol 516,26-351,4

= 33921,8 kj/kmol
 H C2 H5 OH = 0,2 (752,635 + 33921,8 +457,96)
= 7026,48 kj/kmol

 Perhitungan H H2O

T10,b
404,35
∫ Cp H2 O(gas) dT= ∫ (34,05- 9,7 ×10-3 T+ 3,3 × 10-5 T2 -2,04 ×10-8 T3
425,124
Td

+ 4,3 ×10-12 T4 )dT

T10,b
9,7 ×10-3
∫ Cp H2 O(gas) dT=34,05(404,35- 425,124)- (404,352 -425,1242 )
2
Td

3,3×10-5
+ (404,353 -425,1243 )
3
2,04 ×10-8
- (404,354 -425,1244 )
4
4,3 ×10-12
+ (404,355 -425,1245 )
5
= -714,41 kj/kmol

C - 21
 Td
425,124
∫ Cp H2 O(cair) dT= ∫ (18,296 + 0,472 T- 1,3× 10-3 T2
394,35
T10,a

+1,3 ×10-6 T3 )dT

Td

∫ Cp H2 O(cair) dT= 18,296 (425,124- 394,35)

T10,a

0,472
+ (425,1242 -394,352 )
2
1,3×10-3
- (425,1243 -394,353 )
3
1,3×10-6
+ (425,1244 -394,354 )
4
= 2382,1 kj/kmol

Perhitungan HVL H2O

0,38
b Tc -Tsat
∆HVL =∆HVL (T ) ( c b )
T -T

kj 647,3-425,124 0,38
= 40656,2 ( )
kmol 647,3-373,2

= 37537,58 kj/kmol

 HH2O = 0,8 (2382,1 + 37537,58 – 714,41) = 31364,22 kj/kmol

 ∆H10,b = H C2 H5 OH + H H2O = 38390,709 kj/kmol

 Perhitungan nilai Qreboiler:

Q = F.∆H10,b – F.∆H10,a
Q = (30,747 kmol/jam x 38390,709 kj/kmol) – 0
Q = 1180399,13 kJ/jam

C - 22
 Perhitungan Laju Steam :
Untuk menentukan laju steam berikut data enthalpy yang dibutuhkan pada
temperatur 427,15 K dan tekanan 529,73 kPa (smith, 2005).

Tabel C.4 Data enthalpy pada temperatur 427,15 K dan tekanan 529,73kPa

HV (kJ/kg) HL (kJ/kg) λ (kJ/kg)

2750 649,4 2100,6

Q 1180399,13 kJ/jam
m= = = 561,934 kg/jam
λ 2100,6 kJ/kg

C.7 Neraca Energi di Unit Cooler (E-105)

F7 = 1515,15 kg/jam F8 = 1515,15 kg/jam

C2H5OH = 0,115 kmol/jam C2H5OH = 0,115 kmol/jam
(C2H5)2O= 20,373 kmol/jam (C2H5)2O = 20,373 kmol/jam
H2O = 0,126 kmol/jam H2O = 0,126 kmol/jam
T7 = 356,85 K T8 = 303,15 K
P7 = 5 bar P8 = 5 bar

 Perhitungan ∆H7
Tref = T7 = 356,85 K
∆H7 = 0

 Perhitungan ∆H8
T8 T8
∆H𝟖 =yC (∫ Cp cair C2 H5 OH dT) +yH (∫ Cp cairH2 OdT)
2 H5 OH 2O
Tref Tref
T8
+y(C2H5)2O (∫ Cp cair (C2H5)2O dT)
Tref

C - 23
 Perhitungan H C2 H5 OH

T8
303,15
∫ Cp C2 H5 OH(cair) dT= ∫ (-325,137 + 4,138 T- 1,4× 10-2 T2
356,85
Tref

+1,7 ×10-5 T3 )dT

T8
4,14
∫ Cp C2 H5 OH(cair) dT= -325,137(303,15- 356,85)+ (303,152 -356,852 )
2
Tref

1,4×10-2
- (303,153 -356,853 )
3
1,7×10-5
+ (303,154 -356,854 )
4
= - 6499 kj/kmol
 H C2 H5 OH = 0,0035 (- 6499) = - 22,747 kj/kmol

 Perhitungan H H2O
T8
303,15
∫ Cp H2 O(cair) dT= ∫ (18,296 + 0,472 T- 1,3× 10-3 T2
356,85
Tref

+1,3 ×10-6 T3 )dT

T8
0,472
∫ Cp H2 O(cair) dT= 18,296 (303,15- 356,85)+ (303,152 -356,852 )
2
Tref

1,3×10-3
- (303,153 -356,853 )
3
1,3×10-6
+ (303,154 -356,854 )
4
= -3905,54 kj/kmol

 H H2O= 0,0015 (-3905,54) = - 5,858 kj/kmol

C - 24
  Perhitungan H (C2H5)2O

T8
303,15
∫ Cp (C2 H5 )2 O(cair) dT= ∫ (39,4 + 0,88 T- 2,84 × 10-3 T2
356,85
Tref

+ 4,18 ×10-6 T3 )dT

T8
0,88
∫ Cp (C2 H5 )2 O(cair) dT= 39,4 (303,15- 356,85)+ (303,152 -356,852 )
2
Tref

2,84×10-3
- (303,153 -356,853 )
3
4,18 ×10-6
+ (303,154 -356,854 )
4
= - 8926 kj/kmol
 H(C2H5)2O = 0,995 (-8926) = - 8881,37 kj/kmol
 ∆H8 = H C2 H5 OH + H H2O+ H (C2H5)2O = - 8909,974 kj/kmol

 Perhitungan nilai Qcooler:

Q = F.∆H8 – F.∆H7
Q = (20,373 kmol/jam x – 8909,974 kj/kmol) – 0
Q = - 183670.201 kJ/jam

 Menentukan Laju Air Pendingin :

Temperatur air pendingin yang masuk dan keluar cooler adalah 30°C (303,15
K) dan 45°C (318,15 K) (Analysis, Synthesis, and Design of Chemical
Processes Fourth Edition. Turton, page 250). Sehingga :
318,15
∆Hair pendingin = ∫303,15 Cp H2 O(l) dT
318,15
∆Hair pendingin = ∫303,15 [1,83 × 101 + 4,72 × 10−1 T − 1,34 × 10−3 T 2 +
1,31 × 10−6 T 3 ]dT
4,72×10−1
∆Hair pendingin = [1,83 × 101 (318,15 − 303,15) + 2
(318,152 − 303,152 ) −

1,34 × 10−3 1,31 × 10−6

(318,153 − 303,153 ) +
3 4
(318,154 − 303,154 )]

C - 25
∆Hair pendingin = 1127,4028 kJ/kmol
Q
mair pendingin = × BMair
∆Hair pendingin

183670,201 kJ/jam
mair pendingin = × 18 kg/kmol = 2932,46 kg/jam
1127,4028 kJ/kmol

C - 26