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CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

“Homework” is generally defined as schoolwork brought home however, if a homework

policy is discussed, it is normally done in general terms, and different types of homework

assignments are lumped together under the same policy (Lee & Pruitt, 1979). Homework has

numerous potential non-academic payoffs as well; most of these involve promoting student

independence and responsibility. It involve parents and the broader community in schooling,

increasing their appreciation of education and allowing them to reinforce students' achievement.

The question thus remains, “has homework been proven to have beneficial effects on academic

achievement or do these effects remain equivocal or unsubstantiated?”

The Department of Education (DepEd) has expressed its support for the no-homework

policy bills proposed by lawmakers at the House of Representatives. DepEd, in a statement, said

the measures would enable learners to have more quality time with their parents, family, and

friends by limiting the homework and assignment to a reasonable quantity on school days and by

eliminating the same during weekends. It said the policy would allow students to find balance

between their academic development and personal growth by having ample time for enjoyable

activities with family. Senator Francis “Chiz” Escudero filed House Bill (HB) No. 3611, which

seeks to remove homework as a requirement and have Kinder to Grade 12 students do academic

activities solely within school premises. Senator Tony Vargas also filed HB No. 3883, which

seeks to eliminate homework on weekends for all elementary and high school students. This is so
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that students can enjoy their free time from the precisions of school during weekends and to be

able to have a quality time with their family and friends. HB 3883 seeks to promote and protect

the physical, moral, spiritual, intellectual, and social well-being of the youth. While DepEd

welcomed the proposals, teachers groups have slammed the proposed measures. The Alliance of

Concerned Teachers (ACT) in a statement told Congress to instead focus on reviewing the K to

12 curriculum. According to them they are not issuing homework to burden students. It is

demanded by the K to 12 Program. Educators from both public and private schools expressed

concern on the “no homework” bills noting that the proposal might promote “wrong values”

among learners – thus, making the country’s education system more “problematic.”

The researchers would like to specify this research especially in identifying the

effectiveness of implementing no homework policy in Primary School. It is expected that

through this research the questions will be answered. The main purpose of this study is to

identify the advantages and disadvantages of implementing no homework policy in Primary

School. The researchers are hoping that through this research they can help improving strategies

that will educate young learners to develop and prosper their knowledge.

Statement of the Problem

The advantages and disadvantages of implementing no homework policy in Primary

School from grades 1 to 6 in Cogon Elementary School.

1. Is implementing no homework policies improve socialization?

2. Will an assignment develop future success?

3. Is homework activities deprive children in enjoying their childhood?

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Significance of the Study

This study focuses on the advantage and disadvantage of implementing homework

activities in grades 1 to 6 pupils of Cogon Elementary School. This study will benefit the

following:

Future Researchers. This study will help the future researchers to be a better analyst and it can

be a help as a future reference for more studies in the future.

Elementary Teachers. This will help the elementary teachers to be more aware and

knowledgeable about the homework policies that should applied inside the classroom.

Parents. This will help the parents to better understand the advantage and disadvantage of

implementing homework policies.

Readers. This study will help the readers to expand their knowledge about the homework

policies in primary school.

Scopes and Delimitations

This study will only cover the advantages and disadvantages of implementing homework

policy in Cogon Elementary School in Brgy. Cogon Ormoc City. The reason for this is to

identify the effectiveness of implementing no homework policy in Primary School.

This study is limited to Cogon Elementary School in Brgy. Cogon Ormoc City. The no.

of respondents is 20 and will study teachers from grades 1 to 6.

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Definition of Terms

For clarity of presentation, the following terms are hereby defined in their operational

definition:

Equivocal. Open to more than one interpretation; ambiguous.

Undermining-the action or process of lessening the effectiveness, power, or ability of

someone or something, especially gradually or insidiously.

Unsubstantiated- not supported or proven by evidence

Slammed-shut (a door, window, or lid) forcefully and loudly.

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CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF LITERATURE

This chapter provides an overview of previous research on knowledge sharing and

intranets. It introduces the framework for the case study that comprises the main focus of the

research.

Purpose of homework

Epstein (1988:3) believed that the purpose of homework is to practice skills, increase the

learning experience, increase responsibility and self-confidence. Giving homework to students

give them the opportunity to practice time management. It also establish and maintain

communication between schools and parents and to comply with districts’ mandates about

homework. In light of this, Cooper and Valentine (2001) view homework as having positive

effects by enhancing retention, increasing the understanding of course material, increasing study

skills, increasing positive attitudes toward school, increasing beliefs about the importance of

learning outside the classroom, increasing independence and responsibility, and facilitating

parental involvement and appreciation of the children’s school-related work. It is possible that

sometimes the purpose of homework may be lacking from the view of learners and parents, and

once this is clarified or understood, the importance of homework as a teaching tool should be

acknowledged.
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Defining homework as tasks assigned

Focus has mainly been on the academic benefits of homework in extant research. The

advantages behind the motivation associated with this ordinary daily experience has not been

overlooked. Homework can be defined as tasks assigned to learners by school teachers that are

meant to be carried out during non-instructional time (Bembenutty, 2011; Bempechat et al.,

2011). That said, it appears that the national discussions on homework reflects strain on how

homework is perceived, with scholars arguing that homework is a burden for children and

parents, family time has declined, and undermining of learning interest. In addition, a few

landmark studies have suggested that homework does impact upon family life, in some cases in a

negative way (Dudley-Marling, 2003; Xu & Corno, 1998); yet in general, it is positively

associated with academic achievement. However, in the study, it has come to the attention that

the school viewed homework as being burdensome for the parents. These are aspects that address

in the research. There appears to be disagreements at play, where researchers share an

understanding that appropriate development and the support of homework tasks strengthens

academic achievement, particularly in senior primary school and high school. There is an

increase in information showing that there is evidence that the practice of homework can serve to

promote “adaptive achievement-related beliefs, motivational skills.

Advantages and Disadvantages in implementing homework policy

Homework has been a part of the schooling experience for multiple generations. There

are some lessons that are perfect for the classroom environment, but there are also some things
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that children can learn better at home. Can teachers get all of the lessons taught in an appropriate

way during the 1-2 hours per subject that they might get each day? Do parents have an

opportunity to review what their children learn at school if none of the work ever gets brought

back home? There are several advantages and disadvantages of why homework should be

banned from the current school structure.

First and foremost, the most debated reason why homework policy must be bannned is

that, homework creates a longer day for students. They are studying in school for 8 hour and then

went home doing school assignment. This disadvantage means there are fewer moments for

going outside, spending time with friends, or pursuing a hobbies. Second is there is no guarantee

of an improve academic outcome. Research studies provide conflicting results when looking at

the impact of homework on a student’s life. Younger students may benefit from a complete ban

so that they can separate their home and classroom experiences. Even older students who

perform projects outside of the school benefit from time restrictions on this responsibility.

Homework restrictions also reduce issues with classroom burnout for students.

Homework stress is a significant problem in the modern classroom for K-12 students. Even kids

in grade school are finding it a challenge to maintain their performance because of the pressure

that daily assignments cause. When students have a chance to have time to pursue interests

outside of the classroom, then it can create healthier learning opportunities in the future for them.

Banning homework would give families more time to spend together. When kids must complete

their work by a specific deadline, then there is less time for families to do activities together.

Instead of scheduling their time around their free hours, they must balance homework

requirements in their plans. There are even fewer moments for parents to be involved in the

learning process because of the specific instructions that students must follow to stay in
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compliance with the assignment. Student health is adversely impacted by too many homework

assignments.

Kids of any age struggle academically when they do not have opportunities to finish their

homework by a specific deadline. It is not unusual for school administrators and some teachers to

judge children based on their ability to turn work in on time. If a child has a robust work ethic

and still cannot complete the work, the negative approach that they might encounter in the

classroom could cause them to abandon their learning goals. This issue can even lead to the

development of mental health problems. It can reduce a child’s self-esteem, prevent them from

learning essential learning skills, and disrupt their ability to learn new skills in other areas of life

outside of the classroom. Even the risk of self-harm and suicide increase because of excessive

homework. That’s why banning it could be a healthy choice for some people.

The first of advantage of the implementation of homework policy is that teachers can see

if students understand the materials that has been taught. Homework allows a teacher to

determine if a student has a grasp on the materials being taught in the classroom.. If there are

gaps in knowledge that occur in the homework, then the learning process can become

individualized to ensure the best possible results for each child. Homework can reduce stress

Students often study for tests at home to ensure that they can pass with an acceptable grade.

Walking into a classroom only prepared with the notes and memories of previous lessons can

create high levels of fear that could impact that child’s final result. Banning homework could

place more pressure on kids to succeed than what they currently experience today. This

disadvantage would also create more labels in the classroom based on the performance of each

child in unfair ways. Some students excel in a lecture-based environment, but others do better at

home where there are fewer distractions. Parents are more involved in the learning process
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because of homework. Parents need to know what their children are learning in school. Even if

they ask their kids about what they are learning, the answers tend to be given in generalities.

Without specific examples from the classroom, it is challenging to stay involved in a student’s

educational process. By sending homework from the school, it allows the entire family to

encounter the assignments that their kids are doing when they are in school during the day. Then

there is more adult involvement with the learning process, reinforcing the core ideas that were

discovered by their kids each day. Homework provides opportunities for students to do deeper

research. Generalist teachers in grade school might skip certain subjects on some days as well.

When there are homework assignments going home, then it creates more chances to use the tools

at home to learn more about what is happening at school. Taking a deeper look at specific

subjects or lessons through independent study can lead to new thoughts or ideas that may not

occur in the classroom environment. This process can eventually lead to a better understanding

of the material .It creates opportunities to practice time management. There can be problems with

homework for some students when they are heavily involved in extra-curricular activities. If you

give a child two hours of homework after school and they have two hours of commitments to

manage at the same time, then there are some significant challenges to their time management to

solve. Time really is a finite commodity. If we are unable to manage it in wise ways, then our

productivity levels are going to be limited in multiple ways. Creating a calendar with every

responsibility and commitment helps kids and their families figure out ways to manage

everything while pushing the learning process forward.

Everyone has a different perception and stand about homework polices. Most of the

studies do not agree in implementing “no homework” policy. The best thing that the DepEd

should do is to review and modify existing policies regarding homework to ensure that they meet
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productive goals. Homework should have clear educational objectives, and certainly should not

pose undue physical and financial burdens on students and their families. Those standards can be

achieved, however, without resorting to banning homework entirely, and still ensure that the

youth are adequately prepared to take on the challenges of a competitive world.

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CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

This chapter explains the methodology employed in this study. The researchers explained

how the necessary data and information are presented and analyzed.

Research Design

The research is done using correlational research design. The researchers use this method

to obtain a general overview of the subject. It is a pre-cursor to future research because it can be

helpful in comparing two variables that can be tested. The researchers are looking at the

advantages and disadvantages of implanting no homework policy in primary school. Through

this kind of research design, findings may point the researcher to specific variables that help

them to identify the effectiveness of implementing no homework policy.

Research Locale

The research was conducted in Cogon Elementary School and teachers in there are the

respondents. Cogon elementary School is located in Brgy. Cogon Ormoc City. The researcher

choose this location to save more financial resources.

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Research Instrument

For the purposes of this research, survey questionnaire were used. Survey

Questionnaire as their research instrument where there is the collection of data attained by asking

individuals questions in person. The researchers chose this instrument apart from being

inexpensive, survey are also a practical way to gather data. They can be targeted to groups of

choosing and managed in various ways. It is also a quick and easy way to collect results with

online and mobile tools. This means that it can gain insights in as little as 24 hours.

Sampling Technique

In this study, the researcher used simple random sampling because it is easy to use. There

is no need to divide the population into sub-populations or take any steps further than plucking

the number of research subjects needed at random from the larger group. The only requirements

are that randomness governs the selection process and that each member of the larger population

has an equal probability of selection.

Data Gathering Process

The conduction of the research involved the use of survey, which was used as a survey

guide for the researcher. Some certain questions were prepared, so as for the researcher to guide

the survey towards the satisfaction of research objectives. The following shows the process on

how they process and analayze their data. Questionnaire was used as the main instrument of the

study to determine the effectiveness of implementing homework policy in Primary School

specifically in Cogon elementary School.

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1. The researcher’s questionnaire was prepared and approved by their instructor.

2. The questionnaire is applicable for the teachers of Cogon Elementary School.

3. The questionnaire was distributed to the 20 respondents. Afterwards, the data that we

have gather from the respondents are going to analyse and interpreted.

Data Analysis

As specified in the research methodology part, appropriate statistical tools were used in

analyzing the data. This chapter depicts the tabulation of data and interpretation to fulfil the

needs of the objectives of the study. To analyze and interpret the data, the researchers used the

correlation analysis for better understanding. Through this tool, the data will be more accurate

and specific. Descriptive statistical analysis were performed on the sample groups to obtain a

clear understanding of the small population. The researchers would provide simple summaries

about the sample and the measures through graphical description.

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References

Cabayan, I. G. (2019, August 29). No to Homework Policy. Retrieved from Journal.com.ph:

https://journal.com.ph/editorial/opinion/no-homework-policy

Copper, H. (n.d.). Homework Research and Policy:Literature Review. Retrieved from

pdfs.semanticscholar.org:https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/142f/b9d30e946f5d13f187bbca

0b5e16ca365d72.pdf

Kurtos, R. (2012, July 8). Purpose of Homewrok. Retrieved from school-for-champions:

https://www.school-for-

champions.com/grades/purpose_of_homework.htm#.XaTqyugzbIV

Paris, J. (019, August 28). DepEd Supports Proposed No-Homework Policy. Retrieved from

Rappler: https://www.rappler.com/nation/238795-deped-supports-proposed-no-

homework-policy

Viray, P. L. (28, August 2019). No-homewrok Policy billed filed in Senate. Retrieved from

Philstar.com: https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2019/08/28/1947149/no-homework-

policy-bill-filed-senate