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DISABLED PEOPLE DURING EVACUATION FROM EARTHQUAKES

HOLY ANGEL UNIVERSITY

Experiences Of Disabled People During Evacuation From Earthquakes

Presented to the Faculty of the

Basic Education Department

Senior High School

Holy Angel University

Angeles City

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for

Practical Research 1

Joshua May M. Batac

Raphael Jireh V. Canlas

Luis Angelo L. Flores

Francis Dave G. Pascua

Edward Jay C. Santos

October 2019
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Abstract

Abstract: This phenomenological study explored the experiences of leg disabled people during

evacuation due to earthquake and learned their hardships to further understand the difficulties

they face. The researcher’s goals are to gain further knowledge in terms their difficulties. The

study contains what can be done in order to improve structural stability and the needs of the leg

disabled person in order for them to be less vulnerable to calamities. Participants include two

males and 1 Female that shared their experiences during an earthquake type of situation.

Building manipulation mentioned to be essential in ensuring the safety of the leg disabled and it

would be optimal if the leg disabled people were given a much greater attention to.

Key words: experiences, leg disabled people, earthquake, vulnerability, evacuation

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Experiences Of Disabled People During Evacuation From Earthquakes

This study is proposed with the intention to help disabled people who are inside story

buildings during an earthquake and to know and innovate the current structural stability and

integrity of an infrastructure. To gain knowledge about their experiences with previous

earthquakes and find a solution that will benefit them in terms of evacuation. According to

Loyola University Motherland (n. d.), people with movement impairment or leg incapacities

make it tough for them to abandon and sometimes can’t be banished at all. It is said they should

move to a safer place within the building or stay in place and wait for the traffic to go down.

The setting of this study is within the premises of Holy Angel University that includes all

buildings and may all students and professors that have leg disabilities. Holy Angel University

has tall buildings which do not have the technology of earthquake resistance and this is why the

researchers believe that this is the best place to conduct the study.

Bob Tita (2014), Presently, the organization, whose segments and frameworks have since

quite long impelled construction equipment, manufacturing plant apparatus and planes—

including Charles Lindbergh's Spirit of St. Louis—is helping crippled individuals walk. The

application is based on a lot of automated mechanical props that help, twist and move the legs of

individuals who can't stroll without anyone else on account of spinal-rope injuries, different

sclerosis or strokes.

Job Accommodation Network (n.d.), states that leg injuries can appear from wounds,

malignant growth, joint pain, diabetes, burns, and different conditions. They can be disconnected
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to the leg or exist as a piece of another condition. Constrictions frequently impact strolling and

can be agonizing.

Joey Scarborough (2015), Vast numbers of the individuals who experience the effects of

physical and mental inabilities face hindrances that make an uneven playing field with the

remainder of the population, ranging from blocked transportation to an absence of thought for

some expert opportunities; 15% of our general population is tormented with handicaps, as

indicated by insights circulated by the UN. Here are some facts that show why the UN considers

those with incapacities to be "the world's biggest minority." Over 1 billion individuals have some

type of incapability. Over 100 million incapacitated people are kids. 50% of debilitates people

can't manage the cost of social insurance. 80% surprisingly with handicaps live in a creating

nation. Children with inabilities are about numerous times as susceptible to encounter

viciousness than youngsters who are not debilitated.

MedLine Plus (n.d.), states that common leg injuries incorporate sprains and strains, joint

separations, and cracks. Doing any physical activity that involves the lower body can harm your

legs. These injuries can influence the whole leg, or simply the foot, lower leg, knee, or hip.

Citizens Advice (n.d.), argues that The Equality Act 2010 is practical when a person is

known to be incapacitated. The definition is quite universal but you would be considered

disabled if there is a physical and mental impairment and if it has an effect in carrying common

everyday activities. From the articles mentioned above, people with leg disabilities are ones that

should be the ones given emphasis too during crisis.

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William Harris (2011), states that in the event that seismic shocks just moved the ground

steeply, structures will be able to bear little harm since all structures are planned to survive

vertical powers - those associated with gravity - somewhat. Be that as it may, the moving rushes

of a seismic shock, particularly Love waves, apply shocking flat supremacies on standing

structures.

According to Designing Building (2018), Tall enclosed structures close out structures that

are not covered by a roof. It is also never amassed to relate to the lowest floor. The articles

mention the definition of the what a multi-building is and how buildings are susceptible to

earthquake damage because buildings only withstand seismic activities vertically but not

horizontally

National Earthquake Resilience: Research, Implementation, and Outreach (2011), states

that the three latest earthquake disasters in the United States all happened in California. In every

seismic shock, huge assemblies and real superhighways were strongly damaged or fell and the

financial action in the plowed territory was seriously disturbed. It ought to be tense that every

one of these seismic shocks was just reasonable to solid in size, not as much as greatness 7, and

that the affected regions were limited in size.

Lisa Wald (n.d.), declares that cities, structures, or civilized areas near a fault line will be

the most affected by the ferocious undertaking of it. It is very disastrous to any living thing that

is present either near or far the fault line. Calculations of incoming earthquakes will be very

helpful to those who are near on the fault lines.

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According to Upseis (n.d.), 2.5 to 6.0 magnitude measure is where the level of

devastation to the earthquake is rather low or not felt at all while 6.1 to 8.0 and higher may cause

severe and absolute destruction to the community. Quakes cause severe damage the higher the

magnitude level and can cause calamitous damage to the entire community.

In a study conducted by Pakjouei, Aryankhesal, Kamali, and Seyedin (2011), argues that

by in view of needs and experiences of people with physical disability in disaster planning,

appropriate interferences can be arranged to promote the level of reply in disasters. Such

measures can have a substantial role in maintaining the lives and health of such people. It further

concludes that bodily disabled people should be assisted first since they should be the first to

consider when it comes to withdrawal.

In line to what was said in the previous study, Quaill, Barker, and West (2018),

physically disabled people are susceptible during calamities like earthquakes. These show a

undesirable impact in the everyday safety of these people. This further proves the susceptibility

of a bodily disabled person to further and severe injuries during disasters due to the lack of

needs.

In line with the study of Quaill, Barker, and West (2018). Parker, Adderson, Arseneau,

and O'Connell (2015) introduced the experiences of people with disabilities before and after the

earthquake as it emphases the negative production of the people experienced in the earthquake

after it happen. It also focuses what occurred to those people after the happening.

In comparison of arm and leg impairments to test the severity of the situation, Desrosiers,

Malouin, Bourbonnais, Richards, Rochette, Bravo (2003) states that the incapacity impairment of
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the leg is more in line with handicap then of that of an arm impairment. Situations that have been

found shows that movement would of reputation hence making the leg impairment more of a

handicap.

Motamedi, Sagafinia, Ebrahimi, Shams, and Motamedi (2012), shows that Earthquake

damage and other factors may vary in different countries and are influenced by many factors

including the hour the earthquake hits and the day of the week. Additionally, social, structural

and terrestrial factors as well as the medical, governmental and NGO respondents are influential.

Engineered residential contruction is very important in developing countries in reducing the

mortality rate. It is essential that important facilities be made earthquake resistant. Based on what

has been said, Damages from earthquakes shows how much it devastated the people and the

land.

Doocy, Daniels, Packer, Dick, Kirsch (2013), states that findings from a systematic

review of the literature indicate that the primary cause of earthquake-related death was

disturbance due to building collapse and, the very young and the elderly were at increased death

risk, while gender was not dependably associated with death risk. Strategies to alleviate the

impact of future earthquakes should include enhancements to the built environment and a focus

on populations most vulnerable to death and injury.

In evidence of the major impacts of earthquakes around the world. Al Zaman, Monira

(2017), states that Bangladesh has been one the most earthquake honored countries in the world.

It stated that there is a considerable increase of minor earthquakes in the last 40 years. Though

the earthquakes were not devastating, the concern there was in the increase of appearances of

minor earthquakes.
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The buildings relation to devastating effects of the earthquake was explored by Venanzi,

Lavan, Ierimonti & Fabrizi (2018) in their it is stated that tall buildings are more sensitive to

dynamic excitations like earthquakes which could lead to hazards which could inflict damage.

Kahandawaa, Domingoa, Parka, and Umab (2018) argues that Frameworks like building

resilience is the solution to reduce the effects of such hazards. These frameworks could be used

in relation to Monira’s study in order to lessen the effects of the minor earthquakes.

In line with Umab’s study of reducing the effects of hazards, Ghodke and Adman (2015),

proposes that base isolation bearings as the best way to diminish the damage in the building

during earthquakes. These base isolation bearing would be used to provide structural integrity

and protection against further damages.

As further evidence of the effectiveness of base isolation bearings Jain, Sanghai (2018)

tells the function of base isolation bearings is to manipulate the reaction of the storey building

during earthquake. In this way, the full devastating effect of earthquakes won’t happen. This

compliments the effectiveness of building manipulation in order for the leg disabled people to

have more time to assist.

In addition to the study of Jain, Sanghai (2018). Baruwala. Darji, and Parikh (2018)

focuses to the effect of base isolation, Damper and Braced system to buildings and they compare

other devices used on building. According to their study base isolation is the most applicable to

the buildings.

Samuels and Sanchez (2017) proposed the invention of Triangular stud shaft wall system

as to further improve the structural integrity of the building. As stated in previous articles, the
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manipulation of buildings will then be the reason of lessening of damage due to earthquake

which will be in favor of the leg disabled people.

To further understand what is needed by the leg disabled people Zhang, Wang, Shi, and

Zhang (2012), they devised an clearing simulation within buildings to show the ideal routes to be

taken when the evacuee should be getting to safety rapidly. This simulation will surely support

the disabled since it can then show a faster and more ideal route that should be taken

To further understand the study of Zhang, Wang Shi, and Zhang (2012) Shields, Boyce,

and McConnell (2009) taught the conduct and experiences of the disabled person in case of

evacuation.

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

INPUT PROCESSES OUTPUT

 Role of Leg  Snowball Sampling  Improvement

disabled people  Recorder of the safety of

 Profiles of the  Interviews Leg Disabled

Participant  Specific Data people

 Identification of  Statistical and  Spark

participants Scientific improvements

 Specific Treatment in building

stability
Participants
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THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

Baby Rani (n.d.) states that the concept of base isolation bearings has been recognized

long time ago and most of structural engineering professionals believe in this concept. It is

also proven by her research that damping is one of the fundamentals in base isolation

bearings. They used rubber and energy absorbing devices made of steel to improve the

quality of damping and minimize the capability to decrease movement in internal equipment.

Lu, Gilbert, and Tyas, (2018) states that bracing in buildings have been commonly used

in sideway forces enacting upon building structures. Theoretically, the best organization of

bracing are designed to carry gravity loads

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The purpose of this phenomenological study is to understand the experiences during

earthquakes for disabled people at story buildings. At this stage in the research, the earthquakes

in the site of story building will be generally defined as a disaster

1. Experience of disabled people in the lack of structural integrity of buildings?

2. What improvements can be done to ensure the safety and the convenience of the

disabled?

3. How does being a PWD affect their safety during earthquakes?

SCOPE AND LIMITATION

VARIABLE CHARACTERISTIC/KIND INDICATORS

OF VARIABLE

LEVEL OF MAGNITUDE Continuous Exhaustive

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TRIANGULAR CORNER Categorial Dependence

BRACE AND BASE

ISOLATION BEARINGS

LEG DISABLED PEOPLE Discrete Exhaustive

The researchers will gather data from leg disabled people who are studying or working

within Holy Angel University with a timeframe of two months starting August to September

This study focuses on only people who continue to have mobility issues or are clinically

leg disabled. This study does not cover people who can move normally and can perform basic

movement procedures because the leg disabled people are more vulnerable when it comes to this

study’s natural phenomenon which is the earthquake

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The findings of the study will contribute to the following:

Findings of the study will provide information to the students specifically Science,

Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics, about how vulnerable the leg disabled people are

and how they can try to help them in their necessities when evacuation.

To the people with leg disability. it will lessen their difficulty during evacuation during

earthquakes and will provide the much-needed help they deserve during times of panic.

To the people who work in story buildings. Findings of the study will provide

information to these people and will likely know what are the dangers that can happen when

evacuation and structural stability are factors in the success of safety in calamities.
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To the engineering students and professors. The findings of this study can be used by

students especially engineering students to invent an innovation that can someday help mobility

impaired people.

To future researchers. this study and can be used as reference and for their related

study. The findings and results could be translated in to their own study which will shed light to

brighter futures.
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METHODOLOGY

PARTICIPANTS

The population that are focused in this study are the ones who have any sort of leg

disability. A person who has struggles in mobility and are very susceptible to more injury

during any calamity that would resort to evacuation. This would mean that they are quite

vulnerable when the disasters arise.

Considering the population of the leg disabled people within the premises of Holy Angel

University, our sample size would only be 10. This study focuses on the Leg disabled people

who have experienced complications during previous earthquakes and the setting where the

study is being held has very limited subjects with the specific characteristics needed

The researchers will be using the Snowball Method since the subject needed is fairly hard

to spot in our setting. In this way, the study will flow smoothly and much faster.

This study will utilize Comparative research where in 15 subjects is being used. The

population of the Holy Angel University is large comparing to the subjects needed for this

study.

Our sample would need to be leg disabled in way that makes it hard for them to quickly

move or have mobility issues. The researchers are looking people who are leg disabled and

are studying or working within Holy Angel University to which they are limping or

considerably slow in movement.

INSTRUMENTS

The researchers will use unstructured one on one interview so that the researchers will

gain the specific answer to the questions needed and so that the participant will not feel forced
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to share their experiences and knowledge about the topic. The researchers chose these method

and instrument because it is the best option and it would give the participants comfort

throughout the entire interview. This process will contain three parts. The first part of the

interview will discuss about the experience of disabled people in the lack of structural integrity

of buildings. The second part contains the questions about what improvements can be done to

ensure the safety and the convenience of the disabled. The third part is about how does being

a PWD affect their safety during earthquakes. It will be validated by a research teacher before

continuing with the interviews.

RESEARCH DESIGN

Qualitative research design will be used in this study so that the researchers will gain the

data needed for the main and specific problem. It will harvest findings that were not determined

in advance and it will give the researchers finding that are applicable beyond immediate

boundaries of the study, especially because the study is about structural stability system, this

study needs sufficient quantity of current study for it to be more credible. It will utilize a basic

interpretative study this type of research describes the experiences of leg disabled people who

works or study at Holy Angel University on evacuating from buildings during earthquake.

Structural stability system will be generally defined. To come up with the importance of

considering the structural integrity of a building, the researchers will conduct interview

focusing on the performance structural stability of buildings which will help to understand the

concept of base isolation and triangular corner braces.

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PROCEDURE

The researchers will hand a letter to the Basic Education Principal of Holy Angel

University to ask for permission to administer the study. The researchers will collaborate with

the senior high school teachers of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics in order

to properly conduct the survey. During the free time of the subject, the propagation of the

interview will be managed to avoid interruption and meddling of classes or work. The

respondent will then be tested using the questions made by the researchers. This interview will

determine the experiences of leg disabled people on evacuation from buildings during

earthquake. Using the gathered data, the researchers will evaluate information obtained from

leg disabled people through the result of the questions prepared by the researchers.

DATA ANALYSIS

Qualitative research design will be used in this study so that the researchers can acquire

the wanted information to reply to the main and specific problem. The method and instruments

that the researchers will use to gather information from the leg disabled people is individual

interview by using structured interview. Interview are dialog among 2 or more people that is

designed to attain specific kinds of information. This structured type of interview helps the

researchers to be more definite with their issue to have a decent, proper, and applicable

information in their research problem.

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PRESENTATION OF DATA

SOP 1

CATEGORY SUB-CATEGORY #

Earthquake Scenario Calm 1

Equal 1

Hard 1

Experience you encounter due to lack of Collapse 2

structural integrity of buildings Stampede 1

Others running 1

Structural integrity of the buildings in Can withstand earthquake/very good 3

Holy Angel University Checking of cracks after earthquake 2

Respondent shared their experience on what it would be like if there is a lack in structural

integrity “Of course you will get panic, you will get panic in the sense that any moment the

building will collapse so as a disabled, it will be a disadvantage to me a lot of them will run or

will go to safety, I can do, I can manage naman that eh but of course we need the stability of the

building itself” (You will get panic, thinking that the building would collapse at any moment. It

is a disadvantage for me because a lot of them will run or go to safety. I can still manage but of

course we need the stability of the building itself. ) – Participant B

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It is also mentioned that Holy Angel University can somewhat withstand earthquakes ”sa

holy angel ahhm syempre alam naman natin na yung school naten ginagawa naman nila yung

best nila sa mga structure lalo na’t for example after the earthquake or kepalyaryan man keng

nanu mang sitwasyon agad- agad ating response team na magcheck na ining building megcrack

ya, kung pwede pa bang gamitin…. Yon so ako nakikita ko sa holy ginagawa naman nila yung

trabaho nila.” (In holy angel, of course, we all know our school is indeed doing their best in

structures especially. For example, after the earthquake or there was an emergency situation,

immediately there is response team that will thoroughly check if this building has cracks or if it

is possible for that building to be used. So, I can say that they are doing their work.) – Participant

In other instances one respondent told us that “ah ako calm lang ako tapos hindi ako

nagpapanic basta kung anong.. Nan.. Ah..kung… basta ako ah… nag.. Ma ma mabilis lang ako

naglalakad hindi ako nagpapanic ganun.” (I just stay calm and i don’t panic. I just walk faster

and i don’t panic.) –Participant A

The aforementioned experiences imply that the collapsing of buildings is one of the many

concerns of our respondents and Holy Angel University’s buildings are structurally sound. It was

also mentioned that a participant stayed calm during an earthquake situation.

SOP 2

CATEGORY SUB-CATEGORY #

Improvements Special lane 1

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Signages 1

Equipments for protection 1

Common Structures Foundation should be durable 2

Dependable 1

Respondents shared what would structural improvements would be needed in order for

them ensure their safety “Ahh there must be a special way or what do you call this ahhhh…

special lane for us.. as for me.. it would. It will be ok to me syempre in general as a disabled or

pwd you need this special lane so that it will be safer for us.” (There must be a special way, a

special lane for pwd. It would be okay, in general as disabled or pwd, we need this special lane

for our safety.) –Participant C

With the data shared by our respondents about foundation ”Ahh, yes, uhm… very good

question kase syempre dapat talaga i-high yung standards ng mga architecture ng mga engineer

lalo na’t syempre ang buhay nag nakasasalay diyan, buhay yung naka taya, so syempre sa school

naten ang daming estduyante mga teacher s mga non-personnel, mga staff, so dapat ma ensure

nila na matibay pundasyon ng mga buildings.“ ”Ahh, yes, uhm… very good question kase

syempre dapat talaga i-high yung standards ng mga architecture ng mga engineer lalo na’t

syempre ang buhay nag nakasasalay diyan, buhay yung naka taya, so syempre sa school naten

ang daming estduyante mga teacher s mga non-personnel, mga staff, so dapat ma ensure nila na

matibay pundasyon ng mga buildings.“ (Very good question, because of course there must be

high standard especially the architects and engineers because life is on the line, life is at stake.
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In our school there are a lot of students, teachers, non-personnel, and staffs that is why they

must ensure that the foundation of buildings is durable. – Participant C)

In further understand the needs of that of the leg disabled people, special services and

special lanes is what is needed for them since in most people they are at a more vulnerable

position rather than normal people in an evacuation scenario since their mobility is very limited.

It is also implied that the foundation of the structure would be essential in securing their safety.

SOP 3

CATEGORY SUB-CATEGORY #

Mobility Follow rules 1

I might lose my balance 1

Panicking Situations Very hard 2

Sense of Composure 1

Things needed during evacuation Emergency Kit 3

Common sense 1

Respondents shared their insights about their mobility problems during evacuation “it

ah.. Nagaaffect siya kase ahmm ku – now – baka maoutbalance ako dahil sa mga tao ganyan na

ahh nauna sila ka – kay – yung mga ganung yung mga ganung situation” (It does affect me

because I might lose my balance due to other people trying to go first. Those type of situations

– Participant A)
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Respondents were also able to share what would happen during panicking situations

“uhm yan, malaking impact sakin yan kase disabled na nga yung paa mo talaga mentally parang

nilalason ka ang dami mong iniisip, family yung sarili mo talagang syempre sa katayuan ko hirap

na hirap ako.” (That’s a big impact for me especially of course, my legs are disabled, my brain

is like being poisoned, you think of many things like your family and yourself. In my case, it’s

very hard for me. – Participant C)

Respondents then continued to list the important to prepare “yung mga emergency kit

parang hygiene yung para sa first aid ganun para ku – kunwarepag may emergency ka ready ka

ga – ganun” (Emergency kit, hygiene, and first aid so that if there is an emergency, you are

always ready – Participant A)

In concluding the data that was mentioned above, mobility affects the respondents in a

way that makes him/her lose her balance during evacuation, this also tells us that the situation

they are in make it very hard for them. It also mentioned that Emergency kit would be the most

important thing to bring during these types of situations.

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Discussion:

The aforementioned experiences imply that the collapsing of buildings is one of the many

concerns of our respondents and Holy Angel University’s buildings are structurally sound. It was

also mentioned that a participant stayed calm during an earthquake situation. It is stated by Li,

Zhao, He, Chen, and Xu (2015) that panics are random and hazardous during evacuation with

the idea that a building might collapse because of random happenings.

In further understand the needs of that of the leg disabled people, special services and

special lanes is what is needed for them since in most people they are at a more vulnerable

position rather than normal people in an evacuation scenario since their mobility is very limited.

It is also implied that the foundation of the structure would be essential in securing their safety.

According to a survey conducted by UN Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNISRD) (2013)

in over 5,000 persons with disabilities, representing 126 countries, found that only 20% could

evacuate their living spaces without difficulty in the event of an emergency, highlighting the

importance of accessibility during a national disaster.

In concluding the data that was mentioned above, mobility affects the respondents in a

way that makes him/her lose her balance during evacuation, this also tells us that the situation

they are in make it very hard for them. It also mentioned that Emergency kit would be the most

important thing to bring during these types of situations. Persons with physical and mobility

impairments may experience deficits in motor and/or fine motor functioning, locomotor and

non-locomotor functioning (Information and News 2013).

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Conclusion:

It can be said that the experiences our respondents encounter concerns the structural

integrity of the buildings. It would also be optimal to stay calm during this type of situation. In

order to ensure the safety and confidence of the leg disabled people, building manipulation

would be ideal in the assisting of the mobility impaired. It is hard for them during evacuation

due to earthquakes since it uncertain in how the outcome will be and so many things could play

a factor like loss of balance or stampede. An emergency kit is what would be essential to bring

in order to increase the chance of survivability

Recommendation:

The researchers recommend to further extend the limitations of the study. The inclusion

of malls and other multi-story buildings would increase the accuracy of data since this study

focuses only in Holy Angel University as its setting. An increase in participants would also

increase the accuracy of this study since it only very limited due to small sample sizes of leg

disabled people. The inclusion of any PWD is also recommended in order look gain

information from more people that are vulnerable to calamities. It is difficult to find

participants in Holy Angel University due to the lack of leg disabled people within the area.

For future researchers, guidance from a head educator would help in continuing this study.
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Pakjouei, Aryankhesal, Kamali, and Seyedin (2011). Experience of people with physical

disability: Mobility needs during earthquakes Retrieved from

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6009151/

Quaill, Barker, and West (2018). Experiences of individuals with physical disabilities in

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ysical_disabilities_in_natural_disasters_an_integrative_review

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Past Decade (2000-2010): A Comparative Review of Various Aspects of Management

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Al Zaman and Monira (2017). Study of Earthquake in Bangladesh and the Data Analysis of

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INTERVIEWEE: Gio Cabrera

Q1
”in my case it’s hard to you know, mahihirapan kao kase lalo na sa kalagaytan ko.”
Q2
” Uhm ano, yung minsan kase hindi natin inaasahan yung mga ganung pangayayare,lalo na di
naman natin madidikta kung yun mga buildings na nakatayo diyan ay matibay, so kame sa case
ko syempre, hindi ko expect syempre may stampede pa, kaya yon.”
Q3
” sa holy angel ahhm syempre alam naman natin na yung school naten ginagawa naman nila
yung best nila sa mga structure lalo na’t for example after the earthquake or kepalyaryan man
keng nanu mang sitwasyon agad- agad ating response team na magcheck na ining building
megcrack ya, kung pwede pa bang gamitin…. Yon so ako nakikita ko sa holy ginagawa naman
nila yung trabaho nila.”
Q4
”Actually yung mga signages natin ditto sa school, minsan hindi man talaga totally function,
yung mga estduyante nakikita lang nila pero parang iniignore nalang nila kase may kasabihan na
“reading is essential, take time to read.” Sana yung mga estudyante intindihin nila yung mga
pwdor disabled people na katulad ko.”
Q5
”Ahh, yes, uhm… very good question kase syempre dapat talaga i-high yung standards ng mga
architecture ng mga engineer lalo na’t syempre ang buhay nag nakasasalay diyan, buhay yung
naka taya, so syempre sa school naten ang daming estduyante mga teacher s mga non-personnel,
mga staff, so dapat ma ensure nila na matibay pundasyon ng mga buildings.“
Q6
“Uhm actually yung mga iba sabi nila dapat uhm once a year nagka maintainance and check-up
sa mga buildings pero sa mga, kung susundin mo talaga yung standards ng mga buildings dapat
every month talaga, not just every month, but everyday na checking ng mga infrastructures and
mga buildings lalo na’t ngayon hindi na natin maiiwasan yung mga calamities, prone tayo sa
baha, prone tayo sa earthquake kaya dapat talaga mabigyan ng pansin yan ”
Q7
:”uhm since syempre dapat lalo na sa katayuan ko yung experience ko dapat talaga hasa ako sa
mga ganyang bagay lalo na syempre ako yung.. kakampi ko lang sa sarili ko ditto, syempre dapat
tutulungan ko yung sarili ko in a way na susundin ko yung mga palatuntunin during earthquake
and hindi ka lang basta taranta hindi ka basta gaanong nakikisabay sa ibang tao,m dapat talaga
gawin mo kung ano yung mas nakakabute.”
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Q8
“uhm yan, malaking impact sakin yan kase disabled na nga yung paa mo talaga mentally
parang nilalason ka ang dami mong iniisip, family yung sarili mo talagang syempre sa
katayuan ko hirap na hirap ako.”
Q9
“Uhm ano, centido kumon yun yung daldahin ko, centido kumon uhm utak talaga, kahit na
anong dalhin mo diyan, kung hindi mo sinunod yung dapat talaga buhay yung nakasalalay
diyan and syempre commonly naman na sagot diyan dapat mag daala ka ng emergency kit
mga materials na kailangan dalhin.”

INTERVIEWEE: Sophia Rivera

Q1
“ah ako calm lang ako tapos hindi ako nagpapanic basta kung anong.. Nan.. Ah..kung…
basta ako ah… nag.. Ma ma mabilis lang ako naglalakad hindi ako nagpapanic ganun.”
Q2
“the buildings…. Bak baka yung mga buildings ah…magcollapse kung san ako pag nandun
na yung earthquake ganun.”
Q3
“ahhh yung structure ng holy angel university parang pwedeng withstand yung stress ng
mga earthquakes.”
Q4
“they should provide equipments for students ahh.. To… to be protected and also they have
to uhmmm... If the will ahh… lessen the glass fa- in in buildings cause they – it might harm
students.”
Q5
“be – ahh.. It will ah… he-help ah… parang uhh yung pagawa ng buil – yung structure ng
building kung pano sya na nagawa yun yung yun yung ahh.. Yun yung ahh makakatulong
kung yung foundation ba ng building ahh matibay ba kung ahh para para ahh ahh
mawithstand nya yung mga earthquake.”
Q6
“ahh to.. Ahh to.. Ahh.. To withstand the buil-building para hindi siya magcrack agad
ganyan.”
Q7
“it ah.. Nagaaffect siya kase ahmm ku – now – baka maoutbalance ako dahil sa mga tao
ganyan na ahh nauna sila ka – kay – yung mga ganung yung mga ganung situation.”
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Q8
“ahh.. Mahirap kase yung mga tao uhh minsan nagtutulakan yung nauna sila sayo ganun
minsan minsan nga ahhh kailangan mong magingat baka madisgrasya ganyan kase syempre
yung ahh yung disabled nga ganun.”
Q9
“yung mga emergency kit parang hygiene yung para sa first aid ganun para ku –
kunwarepag may emergency ka ready ka ga – ganun.”

INTERVIEWEE: Mr. Vener Dayrit

Q1
“Ahhh, for me it would be equal for those who have ahh don don’t have the being disabled,
equal lang.”
Q2
“Of course you will get panic, you will get panic in the sense that any moment the building
will collapse so as a disabled, it will be a disadvantage to me a lot of them will run or will
go to safety, I can do, I can manage naman that eh but of course we need the stability of the
building itself.”
Q3
“Very good, very good actually ahhh no problem besides when we experience the last
earthquake there and then the management told the people inside the campus to evacuate,
the following day they assess the building so that’s why interms of stability, ok naman yung
holy angel university.”
Q4
“Ahh there must be a special way or what do you call this ahhhh… special lane for us.. as
for me.. it would. It will be ok to me syempre in general as a disabled or pwd you need this
special lane so that it will be safer for us.”
Q5
“Of course kailangan yun kase if the structure itself is dependable and then ahhh earthquake
I should say earthquake proof, it will be a beneficial not only for the employees or any
company but as a whole inside that structure.”
Q6
“Of course kase ahh the people themselves will not worry too much for their safety because
if the structure itself will have its support definitely, mag woworry free yung mga
estudyante o tao.”
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Q7
“Actually in my personal assessment hindi naman masyado, ahhh I am a polio victim but I
can, as you can see, I play basketball, I run, that is why it’s not a problem to me, but
speaking to the pwd ofcourse it will be, there are some pwds who are not as lucky as I am
having this polio.”
Q8
“I think ahh we must develop the sense of sense of ahhh calmness wherein hindi mag
papanic yung let’s say if you are the teacher or if you are the older people in that building or
in that room, you must have that composure so that the students will not panic the y can see
to it that their teacher or their boss is composed enough so that it wont have it will have a
domino effect with regards sa mga estudyante at mga tao.”
Q9
“Of course ahhh flashlight ahhhh whistle and then water that’s the three more important
thing.”