BIOLOGY

PROJECT
ON
HYDROPONICS
 CONTENTS
1. Introduction
2. History of hydroponics
3. Hydroponic system
4. Why growing things
hydroponically?
5. Working
6. Types of hydroponic system
7. Materials used and nutrient
solution
8. System requirements
9. Advantages and disadvantages
10. What can you grow?
11. Conclusion
INTRODUCTION
“Cultivation of plants in water”
It is technique for growing
plants without soil. Utilizing
this technology, the roots
absorb balanced nutrient
dissolved in water that meets
all the plant developmental
requirement
Many aggregates and media
support plant growth.
Also called as “the cultivation of
plants without using soil”.
 HISTORY OF
HYDROPONICS
Hydroponics became popularized by
the news media in the 1920s when a
scientist named Dr. William F.Gericke
of the University of California when
he put laboratory experiments in
plant nutrition on a commercial scale.
So he termed these nutriculture
systems HYDROPONICS.
The word was derived from the Greek
words, HYDRO (water), and PONOS
(labor), literally “water working”.
 WHAT IS
HYDROPONIC
SYSTEM?
A hydroponic system refers to the
tools and equipment that are
packaged together in order to grow
plants hydroponically.
Photosynthesis process:
Carbon Dioxide+Water-
Glucose+Oxygen
6CO2+6H2O-C6H12O6+6O2
 There is no mention of “soil”
anywhere in there and that’s all the
proof you need that plants can grow
without it.
 BENEFITS OF
HYDROPONICS
 Some hydroponic growers got
many times greater yields than
conventional methods.
 Because hydroponically grown
plants dip their roots directly into
nutrient-rich solutions, they get
what they need much more easily
than plants growing in the soil.
 With smaller roots, you can grow
more plants in the same area and
more yield.
 Many pests are carried in the soil,
so doing without it generally gives
you a more hygienic growing
system with fewer problems of
disease.
 HOW DOES
HYDROPONICS
WORK?

Hydroponics is a method of
growing plants in a water based
nutrient rich solution. It does not
use soil; instead the root system is
supported using an inert medium
such as perlite, rock wood, clay
pellets, peat moss, or vermiculite.
The basic premise behind
hydroponics is to allow the plants
roots to come in direct contact
with the nutrient solution, while
also having access to oxygen, which
is essential for proper growth.
For doing this stand your plants in
a plastic trough and let a nutrient
solution trickle past their roots
(with the help of gravity and a
pump).
MATERIALS USED
IN HYDROPONICS
1. COCO COIR
Has an excellent root
propagation and aeration
properties, coupled with its
adequate water retention,
make it an ideal media for
hydroponic culture.
2. ROCKWOOL
A fibrous material made from
the melted rock. It is non
biodegradable. It is hazardous
to health. Its pH should be
balanced. It has excellent
water retention power.
3. EXPANDED CLAY
PELLETS
It is the most popular media. It
drains quickly and Ph is
neutral. It is reusable. It is
used in ebb and flow, and in
water culture. 50/50 mix of
clay and coco creates a
breathable medium.
4. POTTING SOIL
(PERLITE)
It consists of Perlite+ Coco
Coir+ Vermiculite. It is made
up of synthetic materials. They
are puffed/ heated to produce
light and porous material.
NUTRIENT
SOLUTIONS
In Hydroponics, nutrient
control is easy.
A nitrogen-rich grow formula
is used.
A phosphorus and potassium-
rich grow formula.

$ The Results?
Bumper crops of delicious
fruits and vegetables every
time.
Plants require 17 essential
elements to grow and
reproduce.
The first three are Hydrogen,
Oxygen and Carbon.
Other 14 are:
Macro-Elements:
Nitrogen, Phosphorous,
Potassium, Calcium,
Magnesium, Sulfur.
Micro- Elements:
Iron, Manganese, Copper,
Zinc, Boron, Chlorine,
Molybdenum, Nickel.
 SYSTEM
REQUIREMENTS
1. Ph Control
5.8 and 6.4, or slightly acidic
2. Electrical conductivity (EC)
1.2 -3.5 Mho
3. Horticulture lightning
Metal Halide (MH), High pressure
sodium (HPS) lamps.
4. Temperature and environmental
control
68 -78 degrees F.
 ADVANTAGES
 Higher yields achieved in a
smaller space.
 Nutrients precisely
controlled.
 Grow, bloom and boost
formulas used at the
appropriate growth stage.
 Indoor gardens grown using
full-spectrum horticulture
lighting.
 Soil-borne pests and diseases
are eliminated.
 Weeds are eliminated.
 Plants are healthier and
reach maturity faster.
 Automation is possible.
DISADVANTAGES
 Cost of initial investment
is expensive.
 Production is
management, capital and
labour intensive.
 A high level of expertise is
required.
 Daily attention is
necessary.
 Specially formulated,
soluble nutrients must
always be used
 Some water borne
diseases can spread rapidly in
recirculation system.
WHAT CAN WE
GROW?
Conclusion
Progress has been rapid and
results obtained in various
countries have proved that
this technology is thoroughly
practical and has very
definite advantages over
conventional methods of
crop production.
The main advantage of soil-
less cultivation is the much
higher crop yields.
People living in crowded city
streets, without gardens, can
grow fresh vegetables and
barren and sterile areas can
be made productive at
relatively low cost.
 CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Heena Kalbi has
successfully completed the project on
“HYDROPONICS” in Biology prescribed
by Mr. during
academic session 2019-2020 as per the
guideline issued by Central Board of
Secondary Education.

Submitted to:
(PGT, BIO)
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First acknowledgement is to almighty
for guiding the intellect along the
correct path. I express my gratitude to
Mr. our Biology
teacher who helped me to complete
my project very well. I would also like
to thank my friends and my family
who supported me in the every
possible way they could. Heart full
thanks to everyone who helped me in
this project.