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1.

12 -6 0 24 1
𝑅3 𝑅3
-6 12 -6 24 2
0 -6 6 0

1 -1/2 0 2
1
𝑅1 𝑅1 0 1 -2/3 4
12
0 0 1 12
1 -1/2 0 2
-6 12 -6 24 Row Echelon Form
0 -6 6 0 u2 - ½ u3 = 2 eq 1
u3 – 2/3 u4 = 4 eq 2
𝑅2 + 6𝑅1 𝑅2
u4 = 12
2
Thus : u2 = 8 , u3 = 12 and u4 = 12
1 -1/2 0
0 9 -6 36
1
0 -6 6 0 𝑅1 + 𝑅2 𝑅1
2
1
𝑅2 𝑅2 1 0 -1/3 4
9
0 1 -2/3 4
0 0 1 12

1 -1/2 0 2 2
𝑅2 + 𝑅3 𝑅2
0 1 -2/3 4 3
0 -6 6 0
1 0 -1/3 4
𝑅3 + 6𝑅2 𝑅3 0 1 0 12
0 0 1 12
1 -1/2 0 2 1
𝑅1 + 𝑅3 𝑅1
0 1 -2/3 4 3
0 0 2 24 1 0 0 8
0 1 0 12
0 0 1 12
1.b
1.b.1 After the first elimination, what physical interpretation can be given to k22.

k11 k12 k13 u2


k21 k22 k23 u3
k31 k32 k33 u4

1 -1/2 0 2
0 9 -6 36
0 -6 6 0

The stiffness coefficient of K22 is 9 at node (2,2). It has been decreased after the first elimination.
No external force distributed at node (2,1) to calculate the force vector P (value = 24) at node 2
since stiffness coefficient at K21S is zero.

1.b.2 And what interpretation to k33 after the second elimination

k12 k13
k11 u2
k21 k22 k23 u3
k31 k32 k33 u4

1 -1/2 0 2
0 1 -2/3 4
0 0 2 24

The stiffness coefficient of K33 is 2 at node (3,3). It has been decreased after the second elimination.
No external force distributed at node (3,1) and (3,2) ) to calculate the the force vector P (value = 24)
at node 3 since stiffness coefficients of K31 & K32 are zeroes.
1.c

u2 = (24 + 6u3) /12


u3 = (24 + 6u2 + 6u4) / 12
u4 = u3

Iteration u2 u3 u4
1st 0.000 0.000 0.000
2nd 2.000 3.000 3.000
3rd 3.500 5.250 5.250
4th 4.625 6.938 6.938
5th 5.469 8.203 8.203
6th 6.102 9.152 9.152
7th 6.576 9.864 9.864
8th 6.932 10.398 10.398
9th 7.199 10.799 10.799
10th 7.399 11.099 11.099
11th 7.549 11.324 11.324
12th 7.662 11.493 11.493
13th 7.747 11.620 11.620
14th 7.810 11.715 11.715
15th 7.857 11.786 11.786
16th 7.893 11.840 11.840
17th 7.920 11.880 11.880
18th 7.940 11.910 11.910
19th 7.955 11.932 11.932
20th 7.966 11.949 11.949
21st 7.975 11.962 11.962
22nd 7.981 11.971 11.971
23rd 7.986 11.979 11.979
24th 7.989 11.984 11.984
25th 7.992 11.988 11.988
26th 7.994 11.991 11.991
27th 7.995 11.993 11.993
28th 7.997 11.995 11.995
29th 7.997 11.996 11.996
30th 7.998 11.997 11.997
31st 7.999 11.998 11.998
32nd 7.999 11.998 11.998
33rd 7.999 11.999 11.999
34th 7.999 11.999 11.999
35th 8.000 11.999 11.999
36th 8.000 11.999 11.999
37th 8.000 12.000 12.000
38th 8.000 12.000 12.000
2.1 Use one element of length 2L

q
Rax Rcx
Pt. B
Pt. A Pt. C
L L 1
3
Rax = ( Rcx 2L + q L² ) RCx = q L² - Rax 2L
2
2

1
( q L² - Rax 2L) / A
2
3
(Rcx 2L + q L² ) / A
2

2.1 Use two element, each of length L

Section AB Section BC
Pt. C
Pt. A Pt. B Pt. B
1
Rax = Rcx Rbx = Rax Rbx = Rcx L + q L² 1
2 Rcx = q L² - Rax 2L
2

L L

1
( q L² - Rax 2L)/ A
Rax / A Rbx / A 2
1
(Rcx L + q L²) / A
2
P
𝑃𝑏𝑥 𝟐
M= u1 = ‫׬‬
𝒂 𝑴
𝒅𝒙
𝐿 𝟎 𝟐𝑬𝑰
Pt. A Pt. B Pt. C 𝒂 𝑷𝟐 𝒃𝟐 𝒙𝟐
u1 = ‫𝟎׬‬ 𝟐
𝒅𝒙
𝟐 𝑳 𝑬𝑰
Ծ at load P 𝑷𝟐 𝒃𝟐 𝒙𝟑 𝑎 𝑷𝟐 𝒂𝟑 𝒃𝟐
u1 = [ ] u1 =
𝑃𝑏 𝟐 𝑳𝟐 𝑬 𝑰 3 𝑜 𝟔 𝑳𝟐 𝑬 𝑰
Ray = Rcy =
𝑃𝑎
𝐿
𝐿

a b
𝑃𝑎𝑏 𝑃𝑎𝑋 𝒃 𝑴𝟐
M= u2 = ‫𝟎׬‬ 𝒅𝒙
𝐿 𝟐𝑬𝑰
𝐿
𝒃 𝑷𝟐 𝒂𝟐 𝑿𝟐
u2 = ‫𝟎׬‬ 𝒅𝒙
𝟐 𝑳𝟐 𝑬 𝑰

𝑷𝟐 𝒂𝟐 𝑿𝟑 𝑏 𝑷𝟐 𝒂𝟐 𝒃𝟑
x X u2 = [ ] u2 =
𝟐 𝑳𝟐 𝑬 𝑰 3 𝑜 𝟔 𝑳𝟐 𝑬 𝑰

𝟏
u= 𝑷 (Ծ) 𝑷𝟐 𝒂𝟐 𝒃𝟐
𝟐 u = u1 + u2 = 𝟔 𝑳𝟐 𝑬 𝑰
( 𝒂 + 𝒃) ; (a + b) = L

𝟐𝒖 𝑷𝟐 𝒂𝟐 𝒃𝟐 𝟐
Ծ = deflection at Pt. B = = ( ) u = u1 + u2 =
𝑷𝟐 𝒂𝟐 𝒃𝟐
(𝑳) =
𝑷𝟐 𝒂𝟐 𝒃𝟐
𝑷 𝟔𝑳𝑬𝑰 𝑷 𝟔 𝑳𝟐 𝑬 𝑰 𝟔𝑳𝑬𝑰
𝑷 𝒂𝟐 𝒃𝟐
Ծ = deflection at Pt. B = 𝟑𝑳𝑬𝑰

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