Machine Learning Based Sechedualing Feature

Machine Learning based Scheduling Feature Parameter Description Page 1 of 20
WCDMA RAN
Machine Learning based Scheduling Feature Parameter Description
Issue 01
Date 2018-04-20
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2018. All rights reserved.

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The purchased products, services and features are stipulated by the contract made between Huawei and the customer. All or part of the products, services and features described in this document
may not be within the purchase scope or the usage scope. Unless otherwise specified in the contract, all statements, information, and recommendations in this document are provided "AS IS"
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information, and recommendations in this document do not constitute a warranty of any kind, express or implied.
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

Address: Huawei Industrial Base Bantian, Longgang Shenzhen 518129 People's Republic of China
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Contents
1 About This Document
1.1 Scope
1.2 Intended Audience
1.3 Change History
1.4 Differences Between Base Station Types
2 Overview
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Benefits
3 Technical Description
3.1 Overview
3.2 Smart Scheduling Algorithm
3.3 Learning Application Scenarios
http://hedex:52199/hedex/pages/GEH0208X/05/GEH0208X/05/resources/en-us_book... 11.06.2019
4 Related Features
5 Network Impact
6 Engineering Guidelines
6.1 When to Use Machine Learning based Scheduling
6.2 Required information
6.3 Deployment
6.3.1 Deployment
6.3.2 Data Preparation
6.3.3 Activation
6.3.3.1 Using MML Commands
6.3.3.2 MML Command Examples
6.3.3.3 Using the CME
6.3.4 Activation Observation
6.3.5 Deactivation
6.4 Performance Monitoring
6.5 Parameter Optimization
6.6 Troubleshooting
7 Parameters
8 Counters
9 Glossary
10 Reference Documents
1 About This Document

1.1 Scope
This document describes the WRFD-201202 Machine Learning based Scheduling feature, including its technical principles, related features, network impact, and engineering
guidelines.
This document applies to the following types of network elements (NEs).
NE Type NE Model
RNC BSC6900, BSC6910
NodeB Macro 3900 series macro base stations: BTS3900, BTS3900A, BTS3900L, BTS3900AL, DBS3900, BTS3900C
5900 series macro base stations: BTS5900, BTS5900A, BTS5900L, BTS5900AL, DBS5900
Micro Yes
LampSite Yes
1.2 Intended Audience

This document is intended for personnel who:
l Need to understand the features described herein

l Work with Huawei products
1.3 Change History

This section provides information about the changes in different document versions. There are two types of changes:
l Feature change
Changes in features and parameters of a specified version
l Editorial change
Changes in wording or addition of information and any related parameters affected by editorial changes.
RAN20.1 01 (2018-04-20)
This issue does not include any changes.
RAN20.1 Draft A (2018-02-05)
This document is created for RAN20.1.
1.4 Differences Between Base Station Types

Feature Support by Macro, Micro, and LampSite Base Stations
Feature ID Description Supported by Base Station Controller Supported by Macro Base Supported by Micro Base Supported by LampSite
Station Station Base Station
BSC6900 BSC6910
WRFD-201202 Machine Learning Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

based Scheduling
Function Implementation by Macro, Micro, and LampSite Base Stations
None
2 Overview
2.1 Introduction
UMTS networks are increasingly loaded due to a constant increase of UMTS users. To ensure good user experience, operators always prefer to expand the UMTS network
capacity.
The WRFD-201202 Machine Learning based Scheduling feature introduces the smart scheduling algorithm to optimize the scheduling priority in different scenarios based on a
number of factors. It continuously learns the scenario-oriented optimal scheduling policy to improve the downlink network capacity in heavily loaded cells.
This scenario-specific selection of the optimal scheduling algorithm is a better choice for improving network performance, compared with the tradition of using a one-size-fits-all
scheduling algorithm.
2.2 Benefits
This feature introduces the smart scheduling algorithm and machine learning algorithm to increase the network capacity by 10–20% relatively in heavily loaded cells.
NOTE:
A heavily loaded cell is one with more than three HSDPA UEs to be scheduled on average in busy hours.
3 Technical Description
3.1 Overview
Machine Learning based Scheduling introduces a smart scheduling algorithm to optimize the scheduling priorities under different conditions based on a number of factors and
learns the application scenarios through machine learning to improve the downlink throughput in busy hours. This feature involves the following parts:
1. Smart scheduling algorithm

This algorithm aims to maximize cell throughput without compromising user throughput. It optimizes the scheduling modes based on all factors concerned, including the
channel quality, traffic volume, service differentiation, and fairness of UEs. For details, see 3.2 Smart Scheduling Algorithm.
2. Learning the application scenarios
Machine Learning based Scheduling uses the machine learning-based feedback system to explore and learn the effective scenarios of smart scheduling. Based on the actual
gains feedback on the live network, this feature frequently searches for the optimal scheduling algorithm with the best comprehensive gains in different scenarios. For details,
see 3.3 Learning Application Scenarios.
This feature can be activated by setting the scheduling mode parameter SM to EPF_SMART(Smart EPF) on the NodeB side.
3.2 Smart Scheduling Algorithm

On the live network, a trade-off between user-expected service rate and operator-expected system capacity is imperative against limited HSDPA resources over the air interface.
The smart scheduling algorithm properly allocates HSDPA air interface resources and balances system capacity and user experience.
The current mainstream scheduling algorithm enhanced proportional fair (EPF) leaves room for capacity improvement of a heavily loaded cell. To achieve the capacity
improvement, the smart scheduling algorithm adaptively adjusts the weights of various factors on the service data scheduling priorities while moderately guaranteeing service
differentiation and user fairness.
Principles
The smart scheduling algorithm is implemented as follows:
1. Determining the candidate set

In a cell, the candidate set comprises all the queues with buffered data, including the initial transmission queues (new data packets to transmit) and retransmission queues.
For details, see HSDPA Feature Parameter Description.
2. Calculating scheduling priorities
When prioritizing data packets in the candidate set, the existing scheduling algorithms use different policies for calculating priorities. For details, see HSDPA Feature
Parameter Description.
The smart scheduling algorithm calculates the scheduling priorities of data services based on channel quality, traffic volume, service differentiation, and user fairness.
After this feature is enabled, the priorities of data sequences are sorted as follows:
a. Service type-based prioritization

Different service types are prioritized in the following sequence: SRB and IMS services > Voice services > Streaming services > BE services.
b. Data Prioritization
Data of the same service type is prioritized in the following sequence:
i. Retransmission queue > Initial transmission queue

ii. Queue without the guaranteed bit rate (GBR) fulfilled > Queue with the GBR fulfilled
iii. Queue with a high comprehensive weight > Queue with a low comprehensive weight
Comprehensive weight = f (CQI, UE_buffer, SPI weight, UE_sche_percent), where:
l Channel quality indicator (CQI)
This field specifies the channel quality of a UE. A higher CQI indicates a higher scheduling priority.
l UE_buffer
This field specifies the buffer queue size (traffic volume) of a UE. A smaller size indicates a high scheduling priority.
l Scheduling priority indicator (SPI) weight
This field specifies the scheduling priority weight. A higher weight specifies a higher scheduling priority. Different weights represent service differentiation. This
field can be configured using the SpiWeight (BSC6900, BSC6910) parameter on the RNC.
l UE_sche_percent
This field specifies the historical scheduling probability of a UE. A higher scheduling priority is given to those whose historical scheduling probability is lower
than a specified threshold. This prevents UEs from staying in the unscheduled state for a long period and ensures user fairness.
Based on the preceding fields, the NodeB calculates the scheduling priority of each UE in real time and determines the target UEs for scheduling in a TTI. For
details about the subsequent procedures, see HSDPA Feature Parameter Description.
NOTE:
The smart scheduling algorithm also provides the app whitelist guarantee function, which is mainly used to provide further guarantee for UEs running specified
apps.
To obtain capacity gains in heavily loaded cells, the smart scheduling algorithm provides only moderate guarantee for service differentiation and user fairness.
If a certain type of app requires further scheduling guarantee, the app whitelist guarantee function can be used. This function is implemented by configuring
the app-specific DNS or IP address on the RNC and setting the SCAppTraClusterType (BSC6900, BSC6910) parameter to Sensitive. For details, see
section "Process of Service Awareness" in Service Awareness-based Experience Management Feature Parameter Description.
After the app whitelist function is enabled, the basic scheduling probability is increased for UEs running a specified app, but the system capacity gains
delivered by this feature are reduced. Therefore, it is not recommended that a large number of app users be configured.
3. RB Parking on low-efficiency UEs

In severe congestion scenarios, such as holidays, large events, and large gatherings, some cell edge UEs occupy a high proportion of DPCH power resources but actually
contribute little traffic. This feature permits intelligent RB Parking on such UEs (referred to as low-efficiency UEs in this document) to make them switch to and stay in the
CELL_FACH state. This reduces inefficient or invalid non-HSPA power consumption and improves cell capacity.
NOTE:
This function depends on the RB Parking feature. For details about the RB Parking algorithm, see RB Parking Feature Parameter Description.
Smart scheduling-based RB Parking can be activated by selecting the SMARTSCHE_RB_PARKING_SWITCH option under the RBParkingCacSwitch (BSC6900,
BSC6910) parameter on the RNC side.
After Machine Learning based Scheduling is effective, the RNC performs RB Parking on UEs in connected or access mode.
l For UEs in connected mode
The NodeB actively identifies low-efficiency UEs in connected mode and reports the information to the RNC. The RNC then performs RB Parking to make these UEs
switch to and stay in the CELL_FACH state.
l For UEs in access mode
The NodeB identifies low-efficiency users in a cell. If there are more than three such UEs, the NodeB identifies the cell as a low-efficiency cell and reports the information
to the RNC. The RNC then performs RB Parking on new UEs in access mode in the cell to make them switch to and stay in the CELL_FACH state.
NOTE:
The access mode scenario can be an RAB setup or modification, a CELL_FACH to CELL_DCH (F2D) state transition, a URA_PCH to CELL_DCH (P2D) state transition,
an inter-RAT incoming handover, or a relocation with hard handover.
Figure 3-1 shows the signaling flow of the RB Parking function.
a. The NodeB identifies a low-efficiency UE or cell and reports the information to the RNC.
b. The RNC initiates CELL_DCH to CELL_FACH (D2F) state transitions for the low-efficiency UE and any UE in access mode in the low-efficiency cell.
c. The UE sends a Radio Bearer Reconfiguration Complete message to the RNC.
d. The RNC delivers a measurement control message to the UE and performs RB Parking to keep the UE in the CELL_FACH state.
Figure 3-1 Implementation of RB Parking
3.3 Learning Application Scenarios

This feature uses the machine learning method to identify the smart scheduling algorithm application scenarios. To maximize user fairness and cell capacity, reinforcement
learning is used to identify suitable application scenarios by learning the best effective threshold of the smart scheduling algorithm. This feature delivers capacity gains without
compromising user throughput in suitable application scenarios, whereas unsuitable scenarios may cause the average throughput to decrease.
Learning Principles
This feature takes effect on a per cell basis. Reinforcement learning is performed in each cell separately to select an appropriate scheduling algorithm between EPF and smart
scheduling.
l If the number of HSDPA UEs in a cell is less than or equal to the value of SMARTSCHEUENUMTHLD, cell resources are sufficient and the traditional EPF scheduling
algorithm is preferably selected to ensure user fairness and experience.
l If the number of HSDPA UEs in a cell is greater than the value of SMARTSCHEUENUMTHLD, the cell resources are gradually limited, making the cell capacity a primary
concern. In this scenario, the smart scheduling algorithm is preferably selected.
The value of the SMARTSCHEUENUMTHLD parameter is acquired by reinforcement learning.
NOTE:
Reinforcement learning, a method of machine learning, is also called relearning and evaluation learning.
Reinforcement learning is a process of learning-based evaluation where the system takes an Action in an environment, which then moves to a new State and provides a Reward to
the system. Based on the Reward and State of the environment, the system determines the next Action. If an Action causes the environment to generate a Reward, the system will
be more likely to take the Action subsequently. With the Action-Reward process, reinforcement learning adapts actions to the environment.
After this feature is enabled, reinforcement learning is enabled for all cells by default and can be suspended, depending on the setting of the SMARTSCHELEARNMODE
parameter.
When the SMARTSCHELEARNMODE parameter is set to HOLD for a NodeB, reinforcement learning is suspended for all cells under the NodeB and the smart scheduling
algorithm is activated based on the optimal value of the SMARTSCHEUENUMTHLD parameter in the historical knowledge base.
When the SMARTSCHELEARNMODE parameter takes the default value LEARNING, reinforcement learning resumes for all cells under the NodeB and the existing data in the
historical knowledge base is used as the basis to explore the optimal value of the SMARTSCHEUENUMTHLD parameter.
NOTE:
l It is recommended that SMARTSCHELEARNMODE be set to HOLD only after the Machine Learning based Scheduling feature has been running for one week and the
threshold learning needs to be paused. In other cases, set this parameter to LEARNING.
l The value of the SMARTSCHEUENUMTHLD parameter can be manually configured or derived from machine learning.
n To modify the initial threshold of the number of UEs for which the smart scheduling algorithm is effective, reconfigure the SMARTSCHEUENUMTHLD parameter.
n To sustain a fixed threshold of the actual number of UEs for which the smart scheduling algorithm is effective, you are advised to set SMARTSCHELEARNMODE to
HOLD and then reconfigure the SMARTSCHEUENUMTHLD parameter. The smart scheduling algorithm then takes effect based on the modified threshold. Otherwise,
the actual threshold is automatically updated, which makes the configured threshold invalid.
Learning Procedure
Figure 3-2 shows the procedure for learning the application scenarios of the smart scheduling algorithm.
Figure 3-2 Procedure for learning the application scenarios of the smart scheduling algorithm
1. Information initialization
After the feature is enabled, information must be initialized as follows:
The values of the SMARTSCHEUENUMTHLD parameters are mapped onto 41 different States with the initial State value of 15.
The capacity gain of the smart scheduling algorithm over the EPF algorithm is defined as reward in percentage terms. Each State corresponds to a Reward in accordance
with the following formula: Reward= f(State, Cell throughput, User throughput), where:
l State indicates the current status.
l Cell throughput indicates the cell throughput in the current State.
l User throughput indicates the average single-user throughput in the current State.
2. Action selection and execution

After the Machine Learning based Scheduling feature is activated, the initial Action is taken based on the initial value. The subsequent Actions are selected based on the
latest result in the knowledge base. Based on the latest knowledge base and reward for Actions taken in the last period, the next period actions are determined as follows:
l If this feature delivers positive gains on user throughput and cell throughput in the current State, the value of the SMARTSCHEUENUMTHLD parameter is decreased by
1 and the exploration scope is expanded to change the State.
l If this feature delivers negative gains on user throughput or cell throughput in the current State, the value of the SMARTSCHEUENUMTHLD parameter is incremented
by 1 and the exploration scope is narrowed to change the State.
l Otherwise, the State remains unchanged.
3. Data collection on the live network

Immediately after an Action is performed, key data on the live network is collected every 5s in real time. The collected data includes the key performance counters of each
user number range and the number of samples involved in filtering.
After data is collected, long-period alpha filtering is exerted on the data of different user number ranges. This is to obtain the average performance filtering value under the
same user number and scheduling mode.
4. Knowledge base maintenance
Based on the original statistics collected from the live network in the current period, cell throughput and user throughput in each State are calculated for the two scheduling
modes (EPF and smart scheduling) separately. Each of the following is updated in the knowledge base:
a. Basic information of each State, including cell throughput and user throughput
b. The value of Reward derived based on the current State and the corresponding throughput information in each scheduling mode.
5. Learning mode switching

Subsequent Actions are subject to the setting of SMARTSCHELEARNMODE. If this parameter is set to LEARNING, the actual threshold of the number of UEs for which the
smart scheduling algorithm is effective is iteratively optimized based on the latest knowledge base, repeated Action selection and execution, data collection on the live
network, and knowledge base maintenance. If this parameter is set to HOLD, the current optimal Action is retained.
4 Related Features
Prerequisite Features
Feature ID Feature Name Description
WRFD-010610 HSDPA Introduction Package Machine Learning based Scheduling is designed for improving downlink
HSDPA capacity and takes effect only for HSDPA UEs. Therefore, this
feature depends on HSDPA Introduction Package.
Mutually Exclusive Features
WRFD-140221 HSDPA Scheduling Based on UE Location The Machine Learning based Scheduling feature is mutually exclusive with
the HSDPA Scheduling Based on UE Location feature. The former feature
takes precedence over the latter feature when it comes to selecting an
appropriate scheduling mode.
Impacted Features
WRFD-160206 RB Parking When enabled together with RB Parking, the Machine Learning based
Scheduling feature implements RB Parking for low-efficiency UEs and
increases downlink system capacity when severe congestion occurs.
WRFD-150233 Differentiated Service Based on Resource Reservation When the Machine Learning based Scheduling and Differentiated Service
Based on Resource Reservation features are both enabled, the latter
feature does not work in the event of air-interface resource insufficiency,
causing the differentiated service scenarios to decrease. There is no such
impact when air-interface resources are sufficient.
WRFD-150254 Differentiated Service Based on Application Resource When the Machine Learning based Scheduling and Differentiated Service
Reservation Based on Application Resource Reservation features are both enabled, the
latter feature does not work in the event of air-interface resource
insufficiency. This causes the differentiated service scenarios to decrease.
There is no such impact when air-interface resources are sufficient.
WRFD-150255 Differentiated Service Based on Terminal When the Machine Learning based Scheduling and Differentiated Service
Based on Terminal features are both enabled, the scheduling of specified
UEs is preferentially guaranteed, which reduces the capacity gains of the
former feature.
WRFD-181203 User Experience Improvement on APPs When the Machine Learning based Scheduling and User Experience
Improvement on APPs features are both enabled, the scheduling of
specified apps is preferentially guaranteed, which reduces the capacity
gains of the former feature.
WRFD-020806 Differentiated HSPA Service Based on SPI Weight When the Machine Learning based Scheduling and Differentiated HSPA
Service Based on SPI Weight features are both enabled, SPI weight-based
differentiated services are preferentially provided, which reduces the
capacity gains of the former feature.
WRFD-150204 Platinum User Prioritizing When the Machine Learning based Scheduling and Platinum User
Prioritizing features are both enabled, platinum users are preferentially
guaranteed, which reduces the capacity gains of the former feature.
WRFD-171210 Radio-Aware Video Precedence When the Machine Learning based Scheduling and Radio-Aware Video
Precedence features are both enabled, specified video services are
preferentially guaranteed, which reduces the capacity gains of the former
feature.
WRFD-020132 Web Browsing Acceleration When the Machine Learning based Scheduling and Web Browsing
Acceleration features are both enabled, specified web browsing services
are preferentially guaranteed, which reduces the capacity gains of the
former feature.
WRFD-020128 Quality Improvement for Subscribed Service When the Machine Learning based Scheduling and Quality Improvement
for Subscribed Service features are both enabled, specified subscribed
services are preferentially guaranteed, which reduces the capacity gains
the former feature.
WRFD-150253 VoIP Application Management When the Machine Learning based Scheduling and VoIP Application
Management features are both enabled, specified VoIP services are
preferentially guaranteed, which reduces the capacity gains of the former
feature.
5 Network Impact
System Capacity
This feature increases the downlink capacity by 10–20% when more than three HSDPA UEs are to be scheduled in busy hours on average.
Downlink capacity improvement is represented by the increase in throughput or traffic of heavily loaded cells.
After the app whitelist function is enabled, the basic scheduling probability is increased for UEs running a specified app, but the system capacity gains delivered by this feature are
reduced. Therefore, it is not recommended that a large number of app users be configured.
After this feature is enabled, enabling features listed in Impacted Features or QoS guarantee functions, such as GBR setting, user priority setting, traffic handling priority (THP)
class setting, SPI setting, and SPI weight configuration, can improve the service quality of corresponding users and reduce the system capacity gains delivered by this feature. The
better the QoS guarantee, the smaller the system capacity gains provided by this feature.
Network Performance
During busy hours, this feature obtains an optimal scheduling algorithm through reinforcement learning to deliver capacity gains. If the buffer-based scheduling function has:
l Not been enabled previously, the average user throughput increases.

l Been enabled previously, the average user throughput is barely affected.
NOTE:
l This feature causes slight decrease in downlink throughput and deterioration in key quality indicators (KQIs) for cell edge users.
l This feature optimizes the HSDPA scheduling algorithm during busy hours, which may cause changes in HSDPA-related counters, such as the CQI distribution change,
HSDPA block error rate (BLER) change, number of scheduled HSDPA users, and number of buffered users. These counters, however, are intermediate counters for HSDPA
scheduling. Key counters such as HSDPA traffic volume, cell throughput, and user throughput should be primarily used for evaluating feature gains and impacts.
l In busy hours where downlink traffic is severely suppressed, this feature increases the HSDPA traffic and increases the ACK/NACK feedback amount on the uplink HS-
DPCCH. Theoretically, the uplink load is slightly affected. However, the impact may be unnoticeable because the actual increase in the HSDPA traffic is small on the live
network.
6 Engineering Guidelines
6.1 When to Use Machine Learning based Scheduling
Use this feature to improve system capacity when the network is heavily loaded.
A heavily loaded cell is one with more than three HSDPA UEs to be scheduled in busy hours on average. Number of HSDPA UEs to be scheduled on average =
VS.HSDPA.DataTtiNum.User x 2/(VS.DataTtiRatio.Mean x {SP} x 60). {SP} indicates the performance counter measurement period in the unit of minute.
6.2 Required information

l Collect the following information to determine whether to enable this feature.
Counter Counter Description
VS.HSDPA.DataTtiNum.User Total number of user-level TTIs within which there is data to transmit in
HSDPA user queue buffers
VS.DataTtiRatio.Mean Ratio of the time when at least one HSDPA user has data to transmit in
the queue buffer
VS.HSDPA.UE.Mean.Cell (BSC6900, BSC6910) Average Number of HSDPA UEs in a Cell (RNC)
VS.HSDPA.UserNum.Mean Average Number of HSDPA Users in a Cell (NodeB)
VS.MeanTCP (BSC6900, BSC6910) Mean Transmitted Power of Carrier for Cell
VS.CQI.0 to VS.CQI.30 Number of reports with CQI0 to Number of reports with CQI30
l Collect the following information to compare network performance before and after this feature is enabled.
Counter Counter Description
VS.HSDPA.MeanChThroughput.TotalBytes (BSC6900, BSC6910) Number of Total Bytes Sent in Downlink of HSDPA MAC-d Flow for Cell
NOTE:
This counter measures the HSDPA traffic in a cell.
VS.HSDPA.DataOutput.Traffic Traffic volume of the MAC-hs/MAC-ehs PDUs successfully received in a cell
VS.HSDPA.DataTtiNum.User Total number of user-level TTIs within which there is data to transmit in HSDPA user queue
buffers
VS.DataTtiRatio.Mean Ratio of the time when at least one HSDPA user has data to transmit in the queue buffer
VS.HSDPA.InactiveDataTtiRatio.Mean Number of TTIs in which at least one HSDPA user in a cell has TRB data to transmit in the
queue buffer but there is no conventional TRB data transmission at the physical layer
VS.SmartSche.Access.Parking (BSC6900, BSC6910) Number of Times UEs in Access Mode Enter the RB Parking State Due to Smart Scheduling
VS.SmartSche.Connected.Parking (BSC6900, BSC6910) Number of Times UEs in Connected Mode Enter the RB Parking State Due to Smart
Scheduling
VS.HSDPA.SmartSche.TtiNum Number of TTIs in Which Machine Learning based Scheduling Is Effective for HSDPA UEs in
a Cell
VS.UsedCQI0 – VS.UsedCQI30 Number of times the NodeB transmits data with CQI=0 – Number of times the NodeB
transmits data with CQI=30
VS.UsedCQI31to39 Number of times the NodeB transmits data with CQI=[31, 39]
VS.DataCQI.MEAN Average CQI Reported by All UEs That Have Data to Transmit
l Collect the following information to compare network performance before and after this feature is enabled.
n RRC connection setup success rate
n CS RAB setup success rate
n PS RAB setup success rate
n CS call drop rate
n PS call drop rate
n HSDPA call drop rate
n HSUPA call drop rate
n Soft handover success rate
n Success rate of serving cell changes
NOTE:
For details about the formula for calculating KPIs, see RAN KPI Reference.
6.3 Deployment
6.3.1 Deployment
Related Features
The cells to be enabled with this feature must have the prerequisite features enabled. For details about the prerequisites features, see section 4 Related Features.
Hardware
l RNC
None
l NodeB
This feature imposes the following hardware requirements on the NodeB:
n 3900 series and 5900 series base stations support this feature.
n Downlink services must be established on the WBBPb or a higher-capability board. The WBBPa board does not support this feature.
License
For details about how to activate the license, see License Management Feature Parameter Description.
Feature ID Feature Name License Control Item License Control Item NE License Allocation for Sales Unit
ID Name Multiple Operators
WRFD-201202 Machine Learning based LQW9MLSCHD01 Machine Learning based NodeB Method 2 per Cell
Scheduling Scheduling (per Cell)
If RAN Sharing or MOCN is enabled, the licensed resource is allocated among the primary and secondary operators according to the method listed in the License Allocation for
Multiple Operators column.
Method 2: Some license control items, such as UL CE Num, can be allocated through both the common group and private groups. In this case, the licensed value specified by the
private group is preferentially used, and the licensed value allocated to the common group is used on a first-come, first-served basis. For NodeB license allocation in multi-operator
scenarios, see License Management Feature Parameter Description.
Others
None
6.3.2 Data Preparation
Parameter Name Parameter ID Setting Notes Data Source Remarks
Admission Failure Triggered RB RBParkingCacSwitch (BSC6900, To enable RB Parking based on the Engineering design NE: RNC
Parking Switch BSC6910) smart scheduling algorithm, select MO: UCELLCONNALGOPARA
SMARTSCHE_RB_PARKING_SWITCH
under this parameter.
Scheduling Method SM It is recommended that this parameter Engineering design NE: NodeB
be set to EPF_SMART(Smart EPF). MO: ULOCELLMACHSPARA
Smart Scheduling UE Number SMARTSCHEUENUMTHLD It is recommended that this parameter Default/Recommended NE: NodeB
Threshold be set to 0. value MO: ULOCELLMACHSPARA
Smart Scheduling Learning SMARTSCHELEARNMODE It is recommended that this parameter Default/Recommended NE: NodeB
Mode be set to LEARNING(Learning for value MO: NODEBALGPARA
Smart Scheduling).
6.3.3 Activation

1. Enable Machine Learning based Scheduling.
Run the NodeB MML command SET ULOCELLMACHSPARA with the Scheduling Method parameter set to EPF_SMART(Smart EPF).
2. (Optional) Enable RB Parking based on the smart scheduling algorithm.
Run the RNC MML command ADD UCELLCONNALGOPARA with the SMARTSCHE_RB_PARKING_SWITCH option selected under the Admission Failure Triggered
RB Parking Switch parameter.
NOTE:
This function depends on the RB Parking feature. For details about the RB Parking algorithm, see RB Parking Feature Parameter Description.
3. (Optional) Configure the running policy of the smart scheduling algorithm.

Run the NodeB MML command SET NODEBALGPARA with the Smart Scheduling Learning Mode parameter set to LEARNING(Learning for Smart Scheduling).
4. (Optional) To set the number of UEs for which this feature is effective, perform the following step:
Run the NodeB MML command SET ULOCELLMACHSPARA with the Smart Scheduling UE Number Threshold parameter set to 15.

//Enabling the Machine Learning based Scheduling feature on the NodeB side
SET ULOCELLMACHSPARA: ULOCELLID=1,SM=EPF_SMART;
//(Optional) Enabling RB Parking based on the smart scheduling algorithm on the RNC side
ADD UCELLCONNALGOPARA: CellId=1,RBParkingCacSwitch=SMARTSCHE_RB_PARKING_SWITCH-1;
//(Optional) Configuring the running policy of the smart scheduling algorithm
SET NODEBALGPARA: SMARTSCHELEARNMODE=LEARNING;
// (Optional) Configuring the threshold of the number of UEs for which this feature is effective
SET ULOCELLMACHSPARA: ULOCELLID=1,SM=EPF_SMART,SMARTSCHEUENUMTHLD=15;

Method 1
Based on the parameter configurations involved in 6.3.2 Data Preparation perform the following operations to activate this feature:
NOTE:
When configuring Machine Learning based Scheduling on the CME, perform a single configuration first, and then perform a batch modification if required. Configure the
parameters of a single object before a batch modification. Perform a batch modification before logging out of the parameter setting interface.
1. Configure a single object (such as a cell) on the CME.

Set parameters on the CME according to the operation sequence in the table in 6.3.2 Data Preparation. For instructions on how to perform the CME single configuration, see
CME Single Configuration Operation Guide.
2. (Optional) Modify objects in batches on the CME. (CME batch modification center)
To modify objects in batches, click on the CME to start the batch modification wizard. For instructions on how to perform a batch modification through the CME batch
modification center, press F1 while running the wizard to obtain online help.
To check whether a parameter supports batch modification, see the Remarks column in the table in 6.3.2 Data Preparation.
Method 2
This feature can be batch activated using the CME. For detailed operations, see the following section in the CME product documentation or online help: CME Management > CME
Guidelines > Enhanced Feature Management > Feature Operation and Maintenance.
6.3.4 Activation Observation

If the VS.HSDPA.SmartSche.TtiNum counter returns a value other than 0, this feature has taken effect. In addition, you can check that RB Parking based on smart scheduling
has taken effect by ensuring the values of the following are greater than 0:
l The RNC counter VS.SmartSche.Access.Parking (BSC6900, BSC6910) for UEs in access mode.
l The RNC counter VS.SmartSche.Connected.Parking (BSC6900, BSC6910) for UEs in connected mode.
6.3.5 Deactivation
The following table provides the parameter settings required for function deactivation.
Parameter Name Parameter ID Setting Notes Remarks
Admission Failure Triggered RB Parking RBParkingCacSwitch (BSC6900, Deselect the NE: RNC
Switch BSC6910) SMARTSCHE_RB_PARKING_SWITCH MO: UCELLCONNALGOPARA
option under this parameter.
Scheduling Method SM It is recommended that this parameter be NE: NodeB

set to EPF(Enhanced PF). MO: ULOCELLMACHSPARA

1. Disable RB Parking based on the smart scheduling algorithm on the RNC side.
Run the RNC MML command MOD UCELLCONNALGOPARA with the SMARTSCHE_RB_PARKING_SWITCH option deselected under the Admission Failure Triggered
RB Parking Switch parameter.
2. Disable the Machine Learning based Scheduling feature on the NodeB side.
Run the NodeB MML command SET ULOCELLMACHSPARA with the Scheduling Method parameter set to EPF(Enhanced PF).

//Disabling RB Parking based on the smart scheduling algorithm on the RNC side
MOD UCELLCONNALGOPARA: CellId=1,RBParkingCacSwitch=SMARTSCHE_RB_PARKING_SWITCH-0;
//Setting the scheduling mode to EPF on the NodeB side
SET ULOCELLMACHSPARA: ULOCELLID=1,SM=EPF;

The method of feature deactivation using the CME is the same as that of feature activation using the CME. For detailed operations, see 6.3.3.3 Using the CME.
6.4 Performance Monitoring

The Machine Learning based Scheduling feature uses the machine learning method to identify an optimal scheduling algorithm in line with scenario changes. Scenario learning on
the live network takes less than one week and it is recommended that the feature gains be evaluated one week after the feature is activated.
l For cells enabled with this feature, observe the performance gains as follows:
n Check that the HSDPA cell throughput increases.
HSDPA cell throughput = VS.HSDPA.DataOutput.Traffic/[(VS.DataTtiRatio.Mean – VS.HSDPA.InactiveDataTtiRatio.Mean) x {SP} x 60]. SP indicates the statistical
periods of the performance counters in the formula.
n Observe the following counter to check that the traffic of heavily loaded HSDPA cells increase:
VS.HSDPA.DataOutput.Traffic
n Observe the following counters to check that CQI distribution in a cell changes and the average CQI increases.
VS.DataCQI.MEAN
VS.UsedCQI0 – VS.UsedCQI30
VS.UsedCQI31to39
n The average single-user HSDPA throughput is stable or slightly increases.
Average single-user HSDPA throughput = VS.HSDPA.DataOutput.Traffic/VS.HSDPA.DataTtiNum.User/2
l Check that the following key KPIs are stable before and after feature activation:
n RRC connection setup success rate
n CS RAB setup success rate
n PS RAB setup success rate
n CS call drop rate
n HSDPA/HSUPA call drop rate
n Soft handover success rate
n Success rate of serving cell changes
6.5 Parameter Optimization

l In network freeze scenarios or other scenarios where automatic machine learning is not desired, set Smart Scheduling Learning Mode to HOLD(Hold Smart Scheduling)
to suspend machine learning by running the following command:
SET NODEBALGPARA: SMARTSCHELEARNMODE=HOLD;
l To change the initial threshold of the number of UEs for which this parameter is configured, you are advised to manually set the threshold by running the following command:
SET ULOCELLMACHSPARA: ULOCELLID=1, SM=EPF_SMART, SMARTSCHEUENUMTHLD=20;
l When the threshold convergence effect in a cell is poor or a fixed threshold is required, you are advised to manually set the threshold by running the following commands:
SET NODEBALGPARA: SMARTSCHELEARNMODE=HOLD;
SET ULOCELLMACHSPARA: ULOCELLID=1, SM=EPF_SMART, SMARTSCHEUENUMTHLD=20;
6.6 Troubleshooting
None
7 Parameters
Table 7-1 Parameters
Parameter ID NE MML Command Feature ID Feature Description

Name
SM BTS3900, SET WRFD- HSDPA H- Meaning: Indicates the HSDPA Scheduling Method. PF: The differences between
BTS3900 ULOCELLMACHSPARA 01061009 ARQ & channel environments of users are considered in order to ensure equity among
WCDMA, LST WRFD- Scheduling users. Enhanced PF: This algorithm is an enhancement to PF. Channel quality is
BTS5900, ULOCELLMACHSPARA 140221 (MAX C/I, considered in order to reach high resource efficiency and gain a high system
BTS5900 WRFD- RR and PF) capacity. Round Robin: Scheduling opportunities are allocated among users
WCDMA 01061103 HSDPA simply and effectively on a polling basis. The system throughput is low. Max C/I:
Scheduling This algorithm brings about the maximum possible system throughput, but it
WRFD-
Based on UE cannot ensures equity between users or meet users' QoS requirements. Location
010696
Location based EPF: Based on the Enhanced PF algorithm, the Location based EPF
WRFD- algorithm considers the impact of user location. Smart EPF: In heavy load
150209 EPF and
GBR-based scenarios, the smart EPF algorithm increases the weight of the impact of the
WRFD- channel quality on the scheduling priority while moderately guaranteeing the
scheduling
150208 service differentiation and user fairness. In addition, this algorithm adaptively
DC-HSDPA
WRFD- acquires its application scenarios based on machine learning.
150250 DB-HSDPA
GUI Value Range: EPF(Enhanced PF), PF(PF), RR(Round Robin), MAXCI(Max
WRFD- Flexible Dual C/I), EPF_LOC(Location based EPF), EPF_SMART(Smart EPF)
201202 Carrier
Unit: None
HSDPA
Actual Value Range: EPF, PF, RR, MAXCI, EPF_LOC, EPF_SMART
3C-HSDPA
Default Value: EPF(Enhanced PF)
Machine
Learning
based
Scheduling
SpiWeight BSC6900 SET USPIWEIGHT WRFD- Scheduling Meaning: Weight for service scheduling priority. This weight is used in two
01061103 based on algorithms. In scheduling algorithm, it is used to adjust the handling priority for
WRFD- EPF and different services. In Iub congestion algorithm, it is used to allocate bandwidth for
020806 GBR different services. If the weight is higher, it is more possible to increase the
WRFD- Differentiated handling priority of the user or get more Iub bandwidth, respectively.
150204 Service GUI Value Range: 1~100
Based on Unit: %
SPI Weight Actual Value Range: 1~100
Platinum Default Value: 100
User
Prioritizing
SpiWeight BSC6910 SET USPIWEIGHT WRFD- Scheduling Meaning: Weight for service scheduling priority. This weight is used in two
01061103 based on algorithms. In scheduling algorithm, it is used to adjust the handling priority for
WRFD- EPF and different services. In Iub congestion algorithm, it is used to allocate bandwidth for
020806 GBR different services. If the weight is higher, it is more possible to increase the
WRFD- Differentiated handling priority of the user or get more Iub bandwidth, respectively.
150204 Service GUI Value Range: 1~100
Based on Unit: %
SPI Weight Actual Value Range: 1~100
Platinum Default Value: 100
User
Prioritizing
SCAppTraClusterType BSC6900 ADD USCAPPCFG WRFD- Quality Meaning: Whether additional scheduling assurance is performed for applications
MOD USCAPPCFG 020128 Improvement configured in the USCAPPCFG MO after the Machine Learning based Scheduling
for feature is deployed. If this parameter is set to Sensitive, additional scheduling
Subscribed assurance is performed for applications configured in the USCAPPCFG MO after
Service the Machine Learning based Scheduling feature is deployed. If an application is
not configured using the USCAPPCFG MO or this parameter is set to Unknown or
NonSensitive, only basic scheduling assurance is performed.
GUI Value Range: Unknown, NonSensitive, Sensitive
Unit: None
Actual Value Range: Unknown, NonSensitive, Sensitive
Default Value: Unknown
SCAppTraClusterType BSC6910 ADD USCAPPCFG WRFD- Quality Meaning: Whether additional scheduling assurance is performed for applications
MOD USCAPPCFG 020128 Improvement configured in the USCAPPCFG MO after the Machine Learning based Scheduling
for feature is deployed. If this parameter is set to Sensitive, additional scheduling
Subscribed assurance is performed for applications configured in the USCAPPCFG MO after
Service the Machine Learning based Scheduling feature is deployed. If an application is
not configured using the USCAPPCFG MO or this parameter is set to Unknown or
NonSensitive, only basic scheduling assurance is performed.
GUI Value Range: Unknown, NonSensitive, Sensitive
Unit: None
Actual Value Range: Unknown, NonSensitive, Sensitive
Default Value: Unknown
RBParkingCacSwitch BSC6900 ADD WRFD- System Meaning:

UCELLCONNALGOPARA 000002 Improvement Whether RB Parking is triggered after an admission failure in different scenarios.
MOD WRFD- for RAN6.0 If the switches for triggering RB Parking in corresponding scenarios are turned on,
UCELLCONNALGOPARA 180210 Service RB parking is triggered after an admission fails. If the switches for triggering RB
Experience- Parking in corresponding scenarios are turned off, RB Parking is not triggered
based after an admission fails.
Admission 1. I2D_CAC_RB_PARKING_SWITCH: Whether RB Parking is triggered after an
Control admission fails in I2D scenarios. I2D scenarios refer to scenarios where UEs
initiate RRC connection setups in idle mode. When this switch is turned on, RB
Parking is triggered after an admission fails during a service setup in I2D
scenarios. When this switch is turned off, RB Parking is not triggered and services
are released directly.
2. F2D_CAC_RB_PARKING_SWITCH: Whether RB Parking is triggered after an
admission fails in F2D scenarios. F2D scenarios refer to scenarios where UEs
transit from CELL_FACH state to CELL_DCH state. When this switch is turned
on, RB Parking is triggered after an admission fails during a service setup in F2D
3. P2D_CAC_RB_PARKING_SWITCH: Whether RB Parking is triggered after an
admission fails in P2D scenarios. P2D scenarios refer to scenarios where UEs
transit from CELL_PCH state to CELL_DCH state. When this switch is turned on,
RB Parking is triggered after an admission fails during a service setup in P2D
4. SMARTSCHE_RB_PARKING_SWITCH:Whether RB Parking Based on Smart
Scheduling takes effect. When this switch is turned on, this feature takes effect.
When a UE in the CELL_DCH state performs a single PS BE service, the RNC
triggers RB Parking for the UE if the cell is congested and signal quality is bad, or
if the data transmission efficiency is low. When this switch is turned off, this
feature does not take effect.
GUI Value Range: I2D_CAC_RB_PARKING_SWITCH,
F2D_CAC_RB_PARKING_SWITCH, P2D_CAC_RB_PARKING_SWITCH,
Unit: None
Actual Value Range: I2D_CAC_RB_PARKING_SWITCH,
Default Value: I2D_CAC_RB_PARKING_SWITCH:1,
F2D_CAC_RB_PARKING_SWITCH:1, P2D_CAC_RB_PARKING_SWITCH:1,
SMARTSCHE_RB_PARKING_SWITCH:0
RBParkingCacSwitch BSC6910 ADD WRFD- System Meaning:

UCELLCONNALGOPARA 000002 Improvement Whether RB Parking is triggered after an admission failure in different scenarios.
MOD WRFD- for RAN6.0 If the switches for triggering RB Parking in corresponding scenarios are turned on,
UCELLCONNALGOPARA 180210 Service RB parking is triggered after an admission fails. If the switches for triggering RB
Experience- Parking in corresponding scenarios are turned off, RB Parking is not triggered
based after an admission fails.
Admission 1. I2D_CAC_RB_PARKING_SWITCH: Whether RB Parking is triggered after an
Control admission fails in I2D scenarios. I2D scenarios refer to scenarios where UEs
initiate RRC connection setups in idle mode. When this switch is turned on, RB
Parking is triggered after an admission fails during a service setup in I2D
2. F2D_CAC_RB_PARKING_SWITCH: Whether RB Parking is triggered after an
admission fails in F2D scenarios. F2D scenarios refer to scenarios where UEs
transit from CELL_FACH state to CELL_DCH state. When this switch is turned
on, RB Parking is triggered after an admission fails during a service setup in F2D
3. P2D_CAC_RB_PARKING_SWITCH: Whether RB Parking is triggered after an
admission fails in P2D scenarios. P2D scenarios refer to scenarios where UEs
transit from CELL_PCH state to CELL_DCH state. When this switch is turned on,
RB Parking is triggered after an admission fails during a service setup in P2D
4. SMARTSCHE_RB_PARKING_SWITCH:Whether RB Parking Based on Smart
Scheduling takes effect. When this switch is turned on, this feature takes effect.
When a UE in the CELL_DCH state performs a single PS BE service, the RNC
triggers RB Parking for the UE if the cell is congested and signal quality is bad, or
if the data transmission efficiency is low. When this switch is turned off, this
feature does not take effect.
GUI Value Range: I2D_CAC_RB_PARKING_SWITCH,
Unit: None
Actual Value Range: I2D_CAC_RB_PARKING_SWITCH,
Default Value: I2D_CAC_RB_PARKING_SWITCH:1,
F2D_CAC_RB_PARKING_SWITCH:1, P2D_CAC_RB_PARKING_SWITCH:1,
SMARTSCHE_RB_PARKING_SWITCH:0
SMARTSCHEUENUMTHLD BTS3900, SET WRFD- Machine Meaning: Indicates the threshold of the number of UEs for which the Machine
BTS3900 ULOCELLMACHSPARA 201202 Learning Learning based Scheduling feature is effective. When the number of HSDPA
WCDMA, LST based users in the cell is greater than the threshold value, activating the Machine
BTS5900, ULOCELLMACHSPARA Scheduling Learning based Scheduling algorithm helps improve the cell throughput. If this
BTS5900 parameter is set to 0, this parameter is invalid, and the NodeB adjusts the
WCDMA threshold based on the Machine Learning based Scheduling algorithm in real
time.
GUI Value Range: 0~50
Unit: None
Actual Value Range: 0~50
Default Value: 0
SMARTSCHELEARNMODE BTS3900, SET NODEBALGPARA WRFD- Machine Meaning: Indicates the machine leaning mode for smart scheduling. If this
BTS3900 LST NODEBALGPARA 201202 Learning parameter is set to LEARNING, the NodeB performs real-time machine learning
WCDMA, based and activates the Machine Learning based Scheduling feature. If this parameter is
BTS5900, Scheduling set to HOLD, the NodeB suspends the learning and uses the current optimal
BTS5900 learning result to activate the Machine Learning based Scheduling feature.
WCDMA GUI Value Range: LEARNING(Learning for Smart Scheduling), HOLD(Hold Smart
Scheduling)
Unit: None
Actual Value Range: LEARNING, HOLD
Default Value: LEARNING(Learning for Smart Scheduling)
8 Counters
Table 8-1 Counters
Counter ID Counter Name Counter Description NE Feature ID Feature Name
50331669 VS.CQI.0 Number of reports with NodeB Multi-mode: None HSDPA Power Control
CQI0 GSM: None DPCH Maximum Power
UMTS: WRFD-01061004 Restriction
WRFD-150235 Downlink Capacity
WRFD-191201 Enhancement on Dual-
Band Networks
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-191212
Dual Carriers over
WRFD-201202
Narrowband
LTE: None
Machine Learning based
NR: None Scheduling
Band Networks
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-191212
Dual Carriers over
WRFD-201202
Narrowband
LTE: None
NR: None Scheduling
Band Networks
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-191212
Dual Carriers over
WRFD-201202
Narrowband
LTE: None
NR: None Scheduling
Band Networks
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-191212
Dual Carriers over
WRFD-201202
Narrowband
LTE: None
NR: None Scheduling
Band Networks
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-191212
Dual Carriers over
WRFD-201202
Narrowband
LTE: None
NR: None Scheduling

Band Networks
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-191212
Dual Carriers over
WRFD-201202
Narrowband
LTE: None
NR: None Scheduling
Band Networks
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-191212
Dual Carriers over
WRFD-201202
Narrowband
LTE: None
NR: None Scheduling
Band Networks
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-191212
Dual Carriers over
WRFD-201202
Narrowband
LTE: None
NR: None Scheduling
Band Networks
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-191212
Dual Carriers over
WRFD-201202
Narrowband
LTE: None
NR: None Scheduling
Band Networks
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-191212
Dual Carriers over
WRFD-201202
Narrowband
LTE: None
NR: None Scheduling
Band Networks
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-191212
Dual Carriers over
WRFD-201202
Narrowband
LTE: None
NR: None Scheduling
Band Networks
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-191212
Dual Carriers over
WRFD-201202
Narrowband
LTE: None
NR: None Scheduling
Band Networks
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-191212
Dual Carriers over
WRFD-201202
Narrowband
LTE: None
NR: None Scheduling

WRFD-191202 Band Networks
WRFD-191212 Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-201202 Dual Carriers over
Narrowband
LTE: None
NR: None
Scheduling
Band Networks
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-191212
Dual Carriers over
WRFD-201202
Narrowband
LTE: None
NR: None Scheduling
Band Networks
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-191212
Dual Carriers over
WRFD-201202
Narrowband
LTE: None
NR: None Scheduling
Band Networks
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-191212
Dual Carriers over
WRFD-201202
Narrowband
LTE: None
NR: None Scheduling
Band Networks
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-191212
Dual Carriers over
WRFD-201202
Narrowband
LTE: None
NR: None Scheduling
Band Networks
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-191212
Dual Carriers over
WRFD-201202
Narrowband
LTE: None
NR: None Scheduling
Band Networks
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-191212
Dual Carriers over
WRFD-201202
Narrowband
LTE: None
NR: None Scheduling
Band Networks
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-191212
Dual Carriers over
WRFD-201202
Narrowband
LTE: None
NR: None Scheduling
Band Networks

WRFD-201202 Narrowband
LTE: None Machine Learning based
NR: None Scheduling
Band Networks
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-191212
Dual Carriers over
WRFD-201202
Narrowband
LTE: None
NR: None Scheduling
Band Networks
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-191212
Dual Carriers over
WRFD-201202
Narrowband
LTE: None
NR: None Scheduling
Band Networks
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-191212
Dual Carriers over
WRFD-201202
Narrowband
LTE: None
NR: None Scheduling
Band Networks
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-191212
Dual Carriers over
WRFD-201202
Narrowband
LTE: None
NR: None Scheduling
Band Networks
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-191212
Dual Carriers over
WRFD-201202
Narrowband
LTE: None
NR: None Scheduling
Band Networks
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-191212
Dual Carriers over
WRFD-201202
Narrowband
LTE: None
NR: None Scheduling
Band Networks
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-191212
Dual Carriers over
WRFD-201202
Narrowband
LTE: None
NR: None Scheduling
Band Networks
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-191212
Dual Carriers over
WRFD-201202
LTE: None Narrowband

NR: None Machine Learning based
Scheduling
Band Networks
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-191212
Dual Carriers over
WRFD-201202
Narrowband
LTE: None
NR: None Scheduling
50331745 VS.HSDPA.DataTtiNum.User Total number of user- NodeB Multi-mode: MRFD- UMTS and LTE Spectrum
level TTIs within which 130212 Sharing(UMTS)
there is data to transmit GSM: None HSDPA Introduction
in HSDPA user queue UMTS: WRFD-010610 Package
buffers Downlink Enhanced
WRFD-010688
WRFD-191209 CELL-FACH
WRFD-191202 GU@5 MHz Phase 1
WRFD-191212 GU@5 MHz Phase 2
Narrowband
LTE: None
NR: None
Scheduling
50331746 VS.HSDPA.DataOutput.Traffic Traffic volume of the NodeB Multi-mode: MRFD- UMTS and LTE Spectrum
MAC-hs/MAC-ehs PDUs 130212 Sharing(UMTS)
successfully received in a MRFD-131212 UMTS and LTE Dynamic
cell GSM: None Power Sharing (UMTS)
UMTS: WRFD-010611 HSDPA Enhanced
WRFD-160251 Package
WRFD-010688 HSDPA Inter-Cell Power
Sharing
WRFD-150235
Downlink Enhanced
WRFD-171204
CELL-FACH
WRFD-150236
DPCH Maximum Power
WRFD-191209 Restriction
WRFD-191202 DPCH Power Control
WRFD-200201 Based on Radio Quality
WRFD-191212 Load Based Dynamic
WRFD-201202 Adjustment of PCPICH
LTE: None GU@5 MHz Phase 1
NR: None Intelligent 2T VAM
GU@5 MHz Phase 2
Dual Carriers over
Narrowband
Scheduling
50331754 VS.UsedCQI0 Number of times the NodeB Multi-mode: None HSDPA Introduction
NodeB transmits data GSM: None Package
with CQI=0 UMTS: WRFD-010610 Time and HS-PDSCH
WRFD-01061018 Codes Multiplex
WRFD-01061019 HSDPA Dynamic Power
Allocation
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-201202
LTE: None
Scheduling
NR: None
Allocation
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-201202
LTE: None
Scheduling
NR: None
Allocation
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-201202
LTE: None
Scheduling
NR: None
Allocation
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-201202
LTE: None
Scheduling
NR: None

WRFD-191202 Allocation
Scheduling
NR: None
Allocation
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-201202
LTE: None
Scheduling
NR: None
Allocation
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-201202
LTE: None
Scheduling
NR: None
Allocation
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-201202
LTE: None
Scheduling
NR: None
Allocation
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-201202
LTE: None
Scheduling
NR: None
Allocation
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-201202
LTE: None
Scheduling
NR: None
Allocation
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-201202
LTE: None
Scheduling
NR: None
Allocation
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-201202
LTE: None
Scheduling
NR: None
Allocation
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-201202
LTE: None
Scheduling
NR: None
WRFD-191202 Allocation
NR: None Scheduling
Allocation
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-201202
LTE: None
Scheduling
NR: None
Allocation
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-201202
LTE: None
Scheduling
NR: None
Allocation
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-201202
LTE: None
Scheduling
NR: None
Allocation
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-201202
LTE: None
Scheduling
NR: None
Allocation
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-201202
LTE: None
Scheduling
NR: None
Allocation
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-201202
LTE: None
Scheduling
NR: None
Allocation
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-201202
LTE: None
Scheduling
NR: None
Allocation
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-201202
LTE: None
Scheduling
NR: None
Allocation
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-201202
LTE: None
NR: None Scheduling
Allocation
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-201202
LTE: None
Scheduling
NR: None
Allocation
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-201202
LTE: None
Scheduling
NR: None
Allocation
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-201202
LTE: None
Scheduling
NR: None
Allocation
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-201202
LTE: None
Scheduling
NR: None
Allocation
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-201202
LTE: None
Scheduling
NR: None
Allocation
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-201202
LTE: None
Scheduling
NR: None
Allocation
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-201202
LTE: None
Scheduling
NR: None
Allocation
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-201202
LTE: None
Scheduling
NR: None
50331785 VS.UsedCQI31to39 Number of times the NodeB Multi-mode: None HSDPA Introduction
with CQI=[31, 39] UMTS: WRFD-010610 Time and HS-PDSCH
Allocation
WRFD-191202
Intelligent 2T VAM
WRFD-201202
LTE: None
Scheduling
NR: None
50332985 VS.HSDPA.SmartSche.TtiNum Number of TTIs in Which NodeB Multi-mode: None Machine Learning based
Machine Learning based GSM: None Scheduling

Scheduling Is Effective UMTS: WRFD-201202
for HSDPA UEs in a Cell
LTE: None
NR: None
50341659 VS.DataTtiRatio.Mean Ratio of the time when at NodeB Multi-mode: MRFD- UMTS and LTE Dynamic
least one HSDPA user 131212 Power Sharing (UMTS)
has data to transmit in GSM: None HSDPA Introduction
the queue buffer UMTS: WRFD-010610 Package
WRFD-160251 HSDPA Inter-Cell Power
WRFD-010688 Sharing
WRFD-190204 Downlink Enhanced
CELL-FACH
WRFD-191210
Inter-NodeB HS-DPCCH
WRFD-201202
CoMP (Joint Reception)
LTE: None
Flexible Resource
NR: None Configuration in Network
Sharing
Scheduling
50341693 VS.HSDPA.InactiveDataTtiRatio.Mean Number of TTIs in which NodeB Multi-mode: MRFD- UMTS and LTE Dynamic
at least one HSDPA user 131212 Power Sharing (UMTS)
in a cell has TRB data to GSM: None HSDPA Introduction
transmit in the queue UMTS: WRFD-010610 Package
buffer but there is no HSDPA Inter-Cell Power
WRFD-160251
conventional TRB data Sharing
transmission at the WRFD-010688
WRFD-190204 Downlink Enhanced
physical layer
CELL-FACH
WRFD-191210
Inter-NodeB HS-DPCCH
WRFD-201202
CoMP (Joint Reception)
LTE: None
Flexible Resource
NR: None Configuration in Network
Sharing
Scheduling
50341722 VS.DataCQI.MEAN Average CQI Reported NodeB Multi-mode: None MIMO Prime
by All UEs That Have GSM: None Performance
Data to Transmit UMTS: WRFD-030011 Improvement of MIMO
WRFD-010700 and HSDPA Co-carrier
WRFD-201202 Machine Learning based
Scheduling
LTE: None
NR: None
50341723 VS.HSDPA.UserNum.Mean Average Number of NodeB Multi-mode: None HSDPA Introduction

HSDPA Users in a Cell GSM: None Package
UMTS: WRFD-010610 Machine Learning based
WRFD-201202 Scheduling
LTE: None
NR: None
67189840 VS.HSDPA.MeanChThroughput.TotalBytes Number of Total Bytes BSC6900 WRFD-010610 HSDPA Introduction

Sent in Downlink of Package
HSDPA MAC-d Flow for
Cell
67189840 VS.HSDPA.MeanChThroughput.TotalBytes Number of Total Bytes BSC6910 WRFD-010610 HSDPA Introduction

Sent in Downlink of Package
HSDPA MAC-d Flow for
Cell
67199618 VS.MeanTCP Mean Transmitted Power BSC6900 WRFD-020102 Load Measurement

of Carrier for Cell
67199618 VS.MeanTCP Mean Transmitted Power BSC6910 WRFD-020102 Load Measurement

of Carrier for Cell
67202932 VS.HSDPA.UE.Mean.Cell Average Number of BSC6900 WRFD-01061016 16 HSDPA Users per Cell
HSDPA UEs in a Cell WRFD-010622 32 HSDPA Users per Cell
WRFD-010623 64 HSDPA Users per Cell
67202932 VS.HSDPA.UE.Mean.Cell Average Number of BSC6910 WRFD-01061016 16 HSDPA Users per Cell
HSDPA UEs in a Cell WRFD-010622 32 HSDPA Users per Cell
WRFD-010623 64 HSDPA Users per Cell
73435172 VS.SmartSche.Access.Parking Number of Times UEs in BSC6900 WRFD-160206 RB Parking

Access Mode Enter the
RB Parking State Due to
Smart Scheduling
73435172 VS.SmartSche.Access.Parking Number of Times UEs in BSC6910 WRFD-160206 RB Parking

Access Mode Enter the
RB Parking State Due to
Smart Scheduling
73435173 VS.SmartSche.Connected.Parking Number of Times UEs in BSC6900 WRFD-160206 RB Parking

Connected Mode Enter
the RB Parking State Due
to Smart Scheduling
73435173 VS.SmartSche.Connected.Parking Number of Times UEs in BSC6910 WRFD-160206 RB Parking

Connected Mode Enter
the RB Parking State Due
to Smart Scheduling
9 Glossary
For the acronyms, abbreviations, terms, and definitions, see Glossary.
10 Reference Documents
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Machine Learning based Scheduling Feature Parameter Description Page 1 of 20

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2018. All rights reserved.

Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

1 About This Document

RNC BSC6900, BSC6910

1.2 Intended Audience

l Need to understand the features described herein

1.3 Change History

This issue does not include any changes.

RAN20.1 Draft A (2018-02-05)

This document is created for RAN20.1.

1.4 Differences Between Base Station Types

WRFD-201202 Machine Learning Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

Function Implementation by Macro, Micro, and LampSite Base Stations

1. Smart scheduling algorithm

3.2 Smart Scheduling Algorithm

The smart scheduling algorithm is implemented as follows:

1. Determining the candidate set

a. Service type-based prioritization

i. Retransmission queue > Initial transmission queue

3. RB Parking on low-efficiency UEs

Figure 3-1 shows the signaling flow of the RB Parking function.

Figure 3-1 Implementation of RB Parking

3.3 Learning Application Scenarios

The value of the SMARTSCHEUENUMTHLD parameter is acquired by reinforcement learning.

2. Action selection and execution

3. Data collection on the live network

5. Learning mode switching

Feature ID Feature Name Description

Mutually Exclusive Features

Feature ID Feature Name Description

Feature ID Feature Name Description

There is no such impact when air-interface resources are sufficient.

l Not been enabled previously, the average user throughput increases.

6.2 Required information

Counter Counter Description

VS.HSDPA.UE.Mean.Cell (BSC6900, BSC6910) Average Number of HSDPA UEs in a Cell (RNC)

VS.HSDPA.UserNum.Mean Average Number of HSDPA Users in a Cell (NodeB)

VS.MeanTCP (BSC6900, BSC6910) Mean Transmitted Power of Carrier for Cell

Counter Counter Description

VS.HSDPA.DataOutput.Traffic Traffic volume of the MAC-hs/MAC-ehs PDUs successfully received in a cell

6.3.2 Data Preparation

Parameter Name Parameter ID Setting Notes Data Source Remarks

6.3.3.1 Using MML Commands

3. (Optional) Configure the running policy of the smart scheduling algorithm.

6.3.3.2 MML Command Examples

6.3.3.3 Using the CME

1. Configure a single object (such as a cell) on the CME.

6.3.4 Activation Observation

Parameter Name Parameter ID Setting Notes Remarks

Scheduling Method SM It is recommended that this parameter be NE: NodeB

6.3.5.1 Using MML Commands

6.3.5.2 MML Command Examples

6.3.5.3 Using the CME

6.4 Performance Monitoring

6.5 Parameter Optimization

Parameter ID NE MML Command Feature ID Feature Description

RBParkingCacSwitch BSC6900 ADD WRFD- System Meaning:

RBParkingCacSwitch BSC6910 ADD WRFD- System Meaning:

Counter ID Counter Name Counter Description NE Feature ID Feature Name

CQI5 GSM: None DPCH Maximum Power

WRFD-150235 Downlink Capacity

WRFD-191202 Intelligent 2T VAM