Lesson four

Euclidean theorem
In the opposite figure : ABC is a right-angled triangle at A and the square ABEF is
set up on the side AB of the right-angle and the square BCXY is set up on the
hypotenuse BC If AD is drawn to be perpendicular to BC to cut it at D and cut XY
at N and draw EC and AY Then: m (Z EBC) = 90° + m (2 ABC), m (L ABY) = 90° + m
(ABC) ..m (Z EBC) = m (L ABY) .In AA EBC and ABY:
| EB = AB (Two sides in the square ABEF)
BC = BY (Two sides in the square BCXY) m (Z EBC) = m (L ABY) (by proof)
- AEBC = A ABY

The area of A EBC = the area of A ABY ,: The area of A EBC = the
area of the square ABEF
and the area of A ABY = { the area of the rectangle BDNY •. The area of the
square ABEF = the area of the rectangle BDNY
: The area of the square ABEF=(AB)2 And the area of the rectangle BDNY = BD BY
= BD x BC (Notice that : BY = BC) ..(AB)2 = BD x BC i.e.
The area of the square set up on AB (one of the sides of the right angle) = the area of the rectangle
whose dimensions are the length of BD (The projection of AB on the hypotenuse BC) and the
length of the hypotenuse BC.

Similarly, we can prove that: (AC)2 = CD x BC i.e.

The area of the square set up on AC (one of the sides of the right angle) = the area of the
rectangle whose dimensions are the length of CD (The projection of AC on the
hypotenuse BC) and the length of the hypotenuse BC.